As the new MMA instructions need the inputs in 4x2 order for bfloat16,
changing the format in copy/packing code. This avoids permute instructions
in the gemm kernel inner loop.
The implementation of complex scalar * vector multiplication for Z14
makes some LAPACK tests fail because the numerical differences to the
reference implementation exceed the threshold (as can be seen by running
make lapack-test and replacing kernel/zarch/cscal.c with a generic
implementation for comparison).
The complex multiplication uses terms of the form a * b + c * d for both
real and imaginary parts. The assembly code (and compiler-emitted code
as well) uses fused multiply add operations for the second product and
sum. The results can be "surprising", for example when both terms in the
imaginary part nearly cancel each other out. In that case, the second
product contributes more digits to the sum than the first product that
has been rounded before.
One option is to use separate multiplications (which then round the same
way) and a distinct add. Change the code to pursue that path, by (1)
requesting the compiler not to contract the operations into FMAs and (2)
replacing the assembly kernel with corresponding vectorized C code
(where change 1 also applies).
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
1. Added bfloat16 based dot as new API: shdot
2. Implemented generic kernel and cooperlake-specific (AVX512-BF16) kernel for shdot
3. Added 4 conversion APIs for bfloat16 data type <=> single/double: shstobf16 shdtobf16 sbf16tos dbf16tod
shstobf16 -- convert single float array to bfloat16 array
shdtobf16 -- convert double float array to bfloat16 array
sbf16tos -- convert bfloat16 array to single float array
dbf16tod -- convert bfloat16 array to double float array
4. Implemented generic kernels for all 4 conversion APIs, and cooperlake-specific kernel for shstobf16 and shdtobf16
5. Update level1 thread facilitate functions and macros to support multi-threading for these new APIs
6. Fix Cooperlake platform detection/specify issue when under dynamic-arch building
7. Change the typedef of bfloat16 from unsigned short to more strict uint16_t
Signed-off-by: Chen, Guobing <guobing.chen@intel.com>
The code for SGEMM 16x4 and DGEMM 8x4 blocks on z14 and z15 uses
explicit unrolling and interleaving to improve performance. The code
employs an empty inline asm statement with operands that constrain the
compiler's instruction scheduling and thereby enforce proper overlapping
of load and compute phases. Fix an ifdef to apply that for clang builds,
as well.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
... since it is not required and clang does not support that gcc
extension. Instead, use a variable-length array directly for these
operands.
Note that, while the actual inline assembly code does not directly use
these memory operands, they serve to inform the compiler that it cannot
reorder reads or writes to/from the input and output data across the
inline asm statements.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
... since clang does not support the instruction format for inline
assembly and also it is not required for current versions of clang.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
... as a bandaid for building with clang until LLVM's internal assembler
supports nops without operand.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
Some of the kernels written in assembly utilize a "load address"
instruction for loading an immediate value into a register. That is
both unnecessarily complex and LLVM's assembler does not understand that
specific syntax. Thus, replace with the appropriate "load immediate"
instruction, which is also clearer to read.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
For the first iteration, it is better to use xvf*ger instead of xvf*gerpp
builtins which helps to avoid setting accumulators to zero. This helps
to reduce few instructions.
Move "direct SGEMM" functionality out of the SkylakeX SGEMM kernel and make it available
(on x86_64 targets only for now) in DYNAMIC_ARCH builds
* Add sgemm_direct targets in the kernel Makefile.L3 and CMakeLists.txt
* Add direct_sgemm functions to the gotoblas struct in common_param.h
* Move sgemm_direct_performant helper to separate file
* Update gemm.c to macros for sgemm_direct to support dynamic_arch naming via common_s,h
* (Conditionally) add sgemm_direct functions in setparam-ref.c
Enable new build target platform -- COOPERLAKE. This target platform
supports all the SKYLAKEX supported ISAs + avx512bf16. So all the
SKYLAKEX specific kernels/drivers and related code are now extended
to be also active on COOPERLAKE. Besides, new BF16 related kernels
are active under this target.
For small register blockings that are too small to fill up vector
registers with column vectors, we currently use a generic code block.
Replace that with instantiations of the generic code as individual
functions, so that the compiler can optimize each one separately.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
Improve performance of SGEMM and DGEMM on z14 and z15 by unrolling and
interleaving the inner loop of the SGEMM 16x4 and DGEMM 8x4 blocks.
Specifically, we explicitly interleave vector register loads and
computation of two iterations.
Note that this change only adds one C function, since SGEMM 16x4 and
DGEMM 8x4 actually map to the same C code: they both hold intermediate
results in a 4x4 grid of vector registers, and the C implementation is
built around that.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
Making use of new vector pair POWER10 instructions in dgemv_n and dgemv_t.
Also adding a new block 4x128 to make use of Matrix-Multiply Assist (MMA)
feature introduced in POWER ISA v3.1. Tested on simulator and there
are no new test failures.
As gcc defaults to -malign-power, removing that option. Also
adding -fno-integrated-as to use GNU assembler for powerpc
assembly optimization files. Fixed other compilation errors
reported in dgemv_t.c file.
There is a recent compiler change in __builtin_mma_disassemble_acc() which
affects the order of storing result in POWER10. Also removing new LDFLAG
-mno-power10-stub as it is handled by linker automatically.
This patch introduces new optimized version of SHGEMM kernel
using power10 Matrix-Multiply Assist (MMA) feature introduced in
POWER ISA v3.1. This patch makes use of new POWER10 compute instructions
for matrix multiplication operation.
Tested on simulator and there are no new test failures.
This patch introduces new optimized version of ZGEMM kernel
using power10 Matrix-Multiply Assist (MMA) feature introduced in
POWER ISA v3.1. This patch makes use of new POWER10 compute instructions
for matrix multiplication operation.
Tested on simulator and there are no new test failures.
Cycles count reduced by 30-50% compared to POWER9 version depending on
M/N/K sizes.
This patch introduces new optimized version of SGEMM, CGEMM and DGEMM
using power10 Matrix-Multiply Assist (MMA) feature introduced in
POWER ISA v3.1. This patch makes use of new POWER10 compute instructions
for matrix multiplication operation.
Tested on simulator and there are no new test failures.
Cycles count reduced by 30-50% compared to POWER9 version depending on
M/N/K sizes.
MMA GCC patch for reference:
https://gcc.gnu.org/git/?p=gcc.git;a=commit;h=8ee2640bfdc62f835ec9740278f948034bc7d9f1
Apply our new GEMM kernel implementation, written in C with vector intrinsics,
also for DGEMM and DTRMM on Z14 and newer (i.e., architectures with FP32 SIMD
instructions). As a result, we gain around 10% in performance on z15, in
addition to improving maintainability.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
... since it gains another ~2% of SGEMM and DGEMM performance on z15;
also, the code just called for that cleanup.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
Introduce inline assembly so that we can employ vector loads with
alignment hints on older compilers (pre gcc-9), since these are still
used in distributions such as RHEL 8 and Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.
Informing the hardware about alignment can speed up vector loads. For
that purpose, we can encode hints about 8-byte or 16-byte alignment of
the memory operand into the opcodes. gcc-9 and newer automatically emit
such hints, where applicable. Add a bit of inline assembly that achieves
the same for older compilers. Since an older binutils may not know about
the additional operand for the hints, we explicitly encode the opcode in
hex.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
Change register blocking for SGEMM (and STRMM) on z14 from 8x4 to 16x4
by adjusting SGEMM_DEFAULT_UNROLL_M and choosing the appropriate copy
implementations. Actually make KERNEL.Z14 more flexible, so that the
change in param.h suffices. As a result, performance for SGEMM improves
by around 30% on z15.
On z14, FP SIMD instructions can operate on float-sized scalars in
vector registers, while z13 could do that for double-sized scalars only.
Thus, we can double the amount of elements of C that are held in
registers in an SGEMM kernel.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
Employ the newly added GEMM kernel also for STRMM on Z14. The
implementation in C with vector intrinsics exploits FP32 SIMD operations
and thereby gains performance over the existing assembly code. Extend
the implementation for handling triangular matrix multiplication,
accordingly. As added benefit, the more flexible C code enables us to
adjust register blocking in the subsequent commit.
Tested via make -C test / ctest / utest and by a couple of additional
unit tests that exercise blocking.
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
Add a new GEMM kernel implementation to exploit the FP32 SIMD
operations introduced with z14 and employ it for SGEMM on z14 and newer
architectures.
The SIMD extensions introduced with z13 support operations on
double-sized scalars in vector registers. Thus, the existing SGEMM code
would extend floats to doubles before operating on them. z14 extended
SIMD support to operations on 32-bit floats. By employing these
instructions, we can operate on twice the number of scalars per
instruction (four floats in each vector registers) and avoid the
conversion operations.
The code is written in C with explicit vectorization. In experiments,
this kernel improves performance on z14 and z15 by around 2x over the
current implementation in assembly. The flexibilty of the C code paves
the way for adjustments in subsequent commits.
Tested via make -C test / ctest / utest and by a couple of additional
unit tests that exercise blocking (e.g., partial register blocks with
fewer than UNROLL_M rows and/or fewer than UNROLL_N columns).
Signed-off-by: Marius Hillenbrand <mhillen@linux.ibm.com>
Something in the plain C parts of x86_64 cscal.c and zscal.c appears to be miscompiled by both gfortran9 and ifort when compiling for skylakex-avx512, even when the optimized Haswell microkernel is not in use.
As discussed on the original PR #2329, the "Apple Clang 11.0.3" that appears to be based the same LLVM release produces the same miscompilation of this file.
* make building the bfloat16 BLAS functions conditional on BUILD_HALF
* pass the BUILD_HALF option to gensymbol
* Pass BUILD_HALF as a compiler define for dynamic_arch builds
This patch adds support for bfloat16 data type matrix multiplication kernel.
For architectures that don't support bfloat16, it is defined as unsigned short
(2 bytes). Default unroll sizes can be changed as per architecture as done for
SGEMM and for now 8 and 4 are used for M and N. Size of ncopy/tcopy can be
changed as per architecture requirement and for now, size 2 is used.
Added shgemm in kernel/power/KERNEL.POWER9 and tested in powerpc64le and
powerpc64. For reference, added a small test compare_sgemm_shgemm.c to compare
sgemm and shgemm output.
This patch does not cover OpenBLAS test, benchmark and lapack tests for shgemm.
Complex type implementation can be discussed and added once this is approved.
Using "make TARGET=GENERIC" on loongson platform will get the following
error messages:
"make[1]: *** No rule to make target 'sgemm_incopy.o', needed by 'libs'"
Add kernel/mips64/KERNEL.generic to slove the problem.
* Add an ARMV7 iOS build on Travis
* thread_local appears to be unavailable on ARMV7 iOS
* Add no-thumb option for ARMV7 IOS build to get it to accept DMB ISH
* Make local labels in macros of nrm2_vfpv3.S compatible with the xcode assembler
Setting DYNAMIC_ARCH=1 on POWER9 does not build POWER9 files due to some
compiler version checks. This patch fixes some of the macros that are used
to check compiler version. On fixing those checks, there are some new make
failures related to icamin, icamax, isamin, isamax and caxpy files on POWER9.
This patch fixes those failures as well.
the fallbacks from Makefile.L1 assume a combined source for absolute value and non-absolute (with ifdef USE_ABS) but here we have separate implementations
the fallbacks from Makefile.L1 assume a combined source for absolute value and non-absolute (with ifdef USE_ABS) but here we have separate implementations
The was a typo in iamax_sse.S where one of the comparison
was cmpeqps instead of cmpeqss. That misdetected index
for sequences where the minimum value was 0.
The leaq instructions in dscal_kernel_inc_8 modify x and x1 so they
must be declared as input/output constraints, otherwise the compiler
may assume the corresponding registers are not modified.
Martin Kroeker
Zhang Xianyi
damonyu
Qiyu8
Rajalakshmi Srinivasaraghavan
Matti Picus
User User-User
Marius Hillenbrand
Chen, Guobing
Gengxin Xie
Ashwin Sekhar T K
EGuesnet
Gordon Fossum
Kavana Bhat
wjc404
ZhangDanfeng
张丹枫
zhangdanfeng
Ashwin Sekhar T K
Rajalakshmi Srinivasaraghavan
gxw
s00548429
Ali Saidi
Xianyi Zhang
Martin Liska
Bart Oldeman
shengyang
chenxuqiang
int_13h
w00421467
zq