[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate

updates:
- [github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit: v0.4.10 → v0.5.0](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit/compare/v0.4.10...v0.5.0)
- [github.com/adamchainz/blacken-docs: 1.16.0 → 1.18.0](https://github.com/adamchainz/blacken-docs/compare/1.16.0...1.18.0)
- [github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy: v1.10.0 → v1.10.1](https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy/compare/v1.10.0...v1.10.1)

.coveragerc

@@ -29,3 +29,5 @@ exclude_lines =
 
     ^\s*if TYPE_CHECKING:
     ^\s*@overload( |$)
+
+    ^\s*@pytest\.mark\.xfail

.git-blame-ignore-revs

@@ -31,3 +31,5 @@ c9df77cbd6a365dcb73c39618e4842711817e871
 4546d5445aaefe6a03957db028c263521dfb5c4b
 # Migration to ruff / ruff format
 4588653b2497ed25976b7aaff225b889fb476756
+# Use format specifiers instead of percent format
+4788165e69d08e10fc6b9c0124083fb358e2e9b0

.github/chronographer.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+---
+
+branch-protection-check-name: Changelog entry
+action-hints:
+  check-title-prefix: "Chronographer: "
+  external-docs-url: >-
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/contributing.html#preparing-pull-requests
+  inline-markdown: >-
+    See
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/contributing.html#preparing-pull-requests
+    for details.
+enforce-name:
+  suffix: .rst
+exclude:
+  humans:
+  - pyup-bot
+labels:
+  skip-changelog: skip news
+
+...

.github/patchback.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+
+backport_branch_prefix: patchback/backports/
+backport_label_prefix: 'backport '  # IMPORTANT: the labels are space-delimited
+# target_branch_prefix: ''  # The project's backport branches are non-prefixed
+
+...

.github/workflows/backport.yml

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-name: backport
-
-on:
-  # Note that `pull_request_target` has security implications:
-  # https://securitylab.github.com/research/github-actions-preventing-pwn-requests/
-  # In particular:
-  # - Only allow triggers that can be used only be trusted users
-  # - Don't execute any code from the target branch
-  # - Don't use cache
-  pull_request_target:
-    types: [labeled]
-
-# Set permissions at the job level.
-permissions: {}
-
-jobs:
-  backport:
-    if: startsWith(github.event.label.name, 'backport ') && github.event.pull_request.merged
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      contents: write
-      pull-requests: write
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      with:
-        fetch-depth: 0
-        persist-credentials: true
-
-    - name: Create backport PR
-      run: |
-        set -eux
-
-        git config --global user.name "pytest bot"
-        git config --global user.email "pytestbot@gmail.com"
-
-        label='${{ github.event.label.name }}'
-        target_branch="${label#backport }"
-        backport_branch=backport-${{ github.event.number }}-to-"${target_branch}"
-        subject="[$target_branch] $(gh pr view --json title -q .title ${{ github.event.number }})"
-
-        git checkout origin/"${target_branch}" -b "${backport_branch}"
-        git cherry-pick -x --mainline 1 ${{ github.event.pull_request.merge_commit_sha }}
-        git commit --amend --message "$subject"
-        git push --set-upstream origin --force-with-lease "${backport_branch}"
-        gh pr create \
-          --base "${target_branch}" \
-          --title "${subject}" \
-          --body "Backport of PR #${{ github.event.number }} to $target_branch branch. PR created by backport workflow."
-      env:
-        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/deploy.yml

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
         persist-credentials: false
 
     - name: Build and Check Package
-      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2.5.0
+      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2.6.0
       with:
         attest-build-provenance-github: 'true'
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ jobs:
         path: dist
 
     - name: Publish package to PyPI
-      uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@v1.8.14
+      uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@v1.9.0
 
     - name: Push tag
       run: |

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ on:
     branches:
       - main
       - "[0-9]+.[0-9]+.x"
+    types:
+    - opened  # default
+    - synchronize  # default
+    - reopened  # default
+    - ready_for_review  # used in PRs created from the release workflow
 
 env:
   PYTEST_ADDOPTS: "--color=yes"
@@ -35,7 +40,7 @@ jobs:
         fetch-depth: 0
         persist-credentials: false
     - name: Build and Check Package
-      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2.5.0
+      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2.6.0
 
   build:
     needs: [package]
@@ -182,6 +187,26 @@ jobs:
             tox_env: "doctesting"
             use_coverage: true
 
+    continue-on-error: >-
+      ${{
+        contains(
+          fromJSON(
+            '[
+              "windows-py38-pluggy",
+              "windows-py313",
+              "ubuntu-py38-pluggy",
+              "ubuntu-py38-freeze",
+              "ubuntu-py313",
+              "macos-py38",
+              "macos-py313"
+            ]'
+          ),
+          matrix.name
+        )
+        && true
+        || false
+      }}
+
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
@@ -222,8 +247,21 @@ jobs:
     - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
       if: "matrix.use_coverage"
       uses: codecov/codecov-action@v4
-      continue-on-error: true
       with:
-        fail_ci_if_error: true
+        fail_ci_if_error: false
         files: ./coverage.xml
         verbose: true
+
+  check:  # This job does nothing and is only used for the branch protection
+    if: always()
+
+    needs:
+    - build
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Decide whether the needed jobs succeeded or failed
+      uses: re-actors/alls-green@223e4bb7a751b91f43eda76992bcfbf23b8b0302
+      with:
+        jobs: ${{ toJSON(needs) }}

.github/workflows/update-plugin-list.yml

@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ jobs:
         run: python scripts/update-plugin-list.py
 
       - name: Create Pull Request
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@9153d834b60caba6d51c9b9510b087acf9f33f83
+        id: pr
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@c5a7806660adbe173f04e3e038b0ccdcd758773c
         with:
           commit-message: '[automated] Update plugin list'
           author: 'pytest bot <pytestbot@users.noreply.github.com>'
@@ -55,3 +56,13 @@ jobs:
           branch-suffix: short-commit-hash
           title: '[automated] Update plugin list'
           body: '[automated] Update plugin list'
+          draft: true
+
+      - name: Instruct the maintainers to trigger CI by undrafting the PR
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        run: >-
+          gh pr comment
+          --body 'Please mark the PR as ready for review to trigger PR checks.'
+          --repo '${{ github.repository }}'
+          '${{ steps.pr.outputs.pull-request-number }}'

.gitignore

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ src/_pytest/_version.py
 
 doc/*/_build
 doc/*/.doctrees
-doc/*/_changelog_towncrier_draft.rst
 build/
 dist/
 *.egg-info

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 repos:
 - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-  rev: "v0.4.1"
+  rev: "v0.5.0"
   hooks:
     - id: ruff
       args: ["--fix"]
@@ -10,14 +10,9 @@ repos:
     hooks:
     -   id: trailing-whitespace
     -   id: end-of-file-fixer
-    -   id: fix-encoding-pragma
-        args: [--remove]
     -   id: check-yaml
-    -   id: debug-statements
-        exclude: _pytest/(debugging|hookspec).py
-        language_version: python3
 -   repo: https://github.com/adamchainz/blacken-docs
-    rev: 1.16.0
+    rev: 1.18.0
     hooks:
     -   id: blacken-docs
         additional_dependencies: [black==24.1.1]
@@ -26,7 +21,7 @@ repos:
     hooks:
     -   id: python-use-type-annotations
 -   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-    rev: v1.9.0
+    rev: v1.10.1
     hooks:
     -   id: mypy
         files: ^(src/|testing/|scripts/)
@@ -43,20 +38,25 @@ repos:
             # on <3.11
           - exceptiongroup>=1.0.0rc8
 - repo: https://github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt
-  rev: "1.8.0"
+  rev: "2.1.3"
   hooks:
     - id: pyproject-fmt
       # https://pyproject-fmt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#calculating-max-supported-python-version
       additional_dependencies: ["tox>=4.9"]
+-   repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
+    rev: v3.16.0
+    hooks:
+    -   id: pyupgrade
+        stages: [manual]
 -   repo: local
     hooks:
-    - id: pylint
-      name: pylint
-      entry: pylint
-      language: system
-      types: [python]
-      args: ["-rn", "-sn", "--fail-on=I"]
-      stages: [manual]
+    -   id: pylint
+        name: pylint
+        entry: pylint
+        language: system
+        types: [python]
+        args: ["-rn", "-sn", "--fail-on=I"]
+        stages: [manual]
     -   id: rst
         name: rst
         entry: rst-lint --encoding utf-8
@@ -66,8 +66,41 @@ repos:
     -   id: changelogs-rst
         name: changelog filenames
         language: fail
-        entry: 'changelog files must be named ####.(breaking|bugfix|deprecation|doc|feature|improvement|trivial|vendor).rst'
-        exclude: changelog/(\d+\.(breaking|bugfix|deprecation|doc|feature|improvement|trivial|vendor).rst|README.rst|_template.rst)
+        entry: >-
+          changelog files must be named
+          ####.(
+          breaking
+          | deprecation
+          | feature
+          | improvement
+          | bugfix
+          | vendor
+          | doc
+          | packaging
+          | contrib
+          | misc
+          )(.#)?(.rst)?
+        exclude: >-
+          (?x)
+          ^
+            changelog/(
+              \.gitignore
+              |\d+\.(
+                breaking
+                |deprecation
+                |feature
+                |improvement
+                |bugfix
+                |vendor
+                |doc
+                |packaging
+                |contrib
+                |misc
+              )(\.\d+)?(\.rst)?
+              |README\.rst
+              |_template\.rst
+            )
+          $
         files: ^changelog/
     -   id: py-deprecated
         name: py library is deprecated

.readthedocs.yaml

@@ -14,11 +14,16 @@ sphinx:
   fail_on_warning: true
 
 build:
-  os: ubuntu-20.04
+  os: ubuntu-24.04
   tools:
-    python: "3.9"
+    python: >-
+      3.12
   apt_packages:
     - inkscape
+  jobs:
+    post_checkout:
+      - git fetch --unshallow || true
+      - git fetch --tags || true
 
 formats:
   - epub

AUTHORS

@@ -149,6 +149,7 @@ Evgeny Seliverstov
 Fabian Sturm
 Fabien Zarifian
 Fabio Zadrozny
+Farbod Ahmadian
 faph
 Felix Hofstätter
 Felix Nieuwenhuizen
@@ -212,6 +213,7 @@ Jordan Guymon
 Jordan Moldow
 Jordan Speicher
 Joseph Hunkeler
+Joseph Sawaya
 Josh Karpel
 Joshua Bronson
 Jurko Gospodnetić
@@ -244,6 +246,7 @@ Levon Saldamli
 Lewis Cowles
 Llandy Riveron Del Risco
 Loic Esteve
+lovetheguitar
 Lukas Bednar
 Luke Murphy
 Maciek Fijalkowski
@@ -259,6 +262,7 @@ Marc Bresson
 Marco Gorelli
 Mark Abramowitz
 Mark Dickinson
+Mark Vong
 Marko Pacak
 Markus Unterwaditzer
 Martijn Faassen
@@ -279,6 +283,7 @@ Michael Droettboom
 Michael Goerz
 Michael Krebs
 Michael Seifert
+Michael Vogt
 Michal Wajszczuk
 Michał Górny
 Michał Zięba
@@ -300,6 +305,7 @@ Nicholas Devenish
 Nicholas Murphy
 Niclas Olofsson
 Nicolas Delaby
+Nico Vidal
 Nikolay Kondratyev
 Nipunn Koorapati
 Oleg Pidsadnyi
@@ -389,6 +395,7 @@ Stefano Taschini
 Steffen Allner
 Stephan Obermann
 Sven-Hendrik Haase
+Sviatoslav Sydorenko
 Sylvain Marié
 Tadek Teleżyński
 Takafumi Arakaki
@@ -447,6 +454,7 @@ Yusuke Kadowaki
 Yutian Li
 Yuval Shimon
 Zac Hatfield-Dodds
+Zach Snicker
 Zachary Kneupper
 Zachary OBrien
 Zhouxin Qiu

CONTRIBUTING.rst

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ============================
-Contribution getting started
+Contributing
 ============================
 
 Contributions are highly welcomed and appreciated.  Every little bit of help counts,
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ For example:
 Submitting Plugins to pytest-dev
 --------------------------------
 
-Pytest development of the core, some plugins and support code happens
+Development of the pytest core, support code, and some plugins happens
 in repositories living under the ``pytest-dev`` organisations:
 
 - `pytest-dev on GitHub <https://github.com/pytest-dev>`_

bench/bench.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import sys
 
 
@@ -8,7 +10,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     import pytest  # noqa: F401
 
     script = sys.argv[1:] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else ["empty.py"]
-    cProfile.run("pytest.cmdline.main(%r)" % script, "prof")
+    cProfile.run(f"pytest.cmdline.main({script!r})", "prof")
     p = pstats.Stats("prof")
     p.strip_dirs()
     p.sort_stats("cumulative")

bench/bench_argcomplete.py

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 #                      2.7.5     3.3.2
 # FilesCompleter       75.1109   69.2116
 # FastFilesCompleter    0.7383    1.0760
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import timeit
 
 

bench/empty.py

@@ -1,2 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
 for i in range(1000):
     exec("def test_func_%d(): pass" % i)

bench/manyparam.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import pytest
 
 

bench/skip.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import pytest
 
 

bench/unit_test.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from unittest import TestCase  # noqa: F401
 
 

bench/xunit.py

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
 for i in range(5000):
     exec(
         f"""

changelog/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+*
+!.gitignore
+!_template.rst
+!README.rst
+!*.bugfix
+!*.bugfix.rst
+!*.bugfix.*.rst
+!*.breaking
+!*.breaking.rst
+!*.breaking.*.rst
+!*.contrib
+!*.contrib.rst
+!*.contrib.*.rst
+!*.deprecation
+!*.deprecation.rst
+!*.deprecation.*.rst
+!*.doc
+!*.doc.rst
+!*.doc.*.rst
+!*.feature
+!*.feature.rst
+!*.feature.*.rst
+!*.improvement
+!*.improvement.rst
+!*.improvement.*.rst
+!*.misc
+!*.misc.rst
+!*.misc.*.rst
+!*.packaging
+!*.packaging.rst
+!*.packaging.*.rst
+!*.vendor
+!*.vendor.rst
+!*.vendor.*.rst

changelog/11706.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Fix reporting of teardown errors in higher-scoped fixtures when using `--maxfail` or `--stepwise`.
+
+Originally added in pytest 8.0.0, but reverted in 8.0.2 due to a regression in pytest-xdist.
+This regression was fixed in pytest-xdist 3.6.1.

changelog/11797.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+:func:`pytest.approx` now correctly handles :class:`Sequence <collections.abc.Sequence>`-like objects.

changelog/12153.doc.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Documented using :envvar:`PYTEST_VERSION` to detect if code is running from within a pytest run.

changelog/12204.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Fix a regression in pytest 8.0 where tracebacks get longer and longer when multiple tests fail due to a shared higher-scope fixture which raised.
+
+Also fix a similar regression in pytest 5.4 for collectors which raise during setup.
+
+The fix necessitated internal changes which may affect some plugins:
+- ``FixtureDef.cached_result[2]`` is now a tuple ``(exc, tb)`` instead of ``exc``.
+- ``SetupState.stack`` failures are now a tuple ``(exc, tb)`` instead of ``exc``.

changelog/12231.feature.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Added `--xfail-tb` flag, which turns on traceback output for XFAIL results.
+
+* If the `--xfail-tb` flag is not sent, tracebacks for XFAIL results are NOT shown.
+* The style of traceback for XFAIL is set with `--tb`, and can be `auto|long|short|line|native|no`.
+* Note: Even if you have `--xfail-tb` set, you won't see them if `--tb=no`.
+
+Some history:
+
+With pytest 8.0, `-rx` or `-ra` would not only turn on summary reports for xfail, but also report the tracebacks for xfail results. This caused issues with some projects that utilize xfail, but don't want to see all of the xfail tracebacks.
+
+This change detaches xfail tracebacks from `-rx`, and now we turn on xfail tracebacks with `--xfail-tb`. With this, the default `-rx`/ `-ra` behavior is identical to pre-8.0 with respect to xfail tracebacks. While this is a behavior change, it brings default behavior back to pre-8.0.0 behavior, which ultimately was considered the better course of action.

changelog/12275.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix collection error upon encountering an :mod:`abstract <abc>` class, including abstract `unittest.TestCase` subclasses.

changelog/12281.feature.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Added support for keyword matching in marker expressions.
+
+Now tests can be selected by marker keyword arguments.
+Supported values are :class:`int`, (unescaped) :class:`str`, :class:`bool` & :data:`None`.
+
+See :ref:`marker examples <marker_keyword_expression_example>` for more information.
+
+-- by :user:`lovetheguitar`

changelog/12328.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix a regression in pytest 8.0.0 where package-scoped parameterized items were not correctly reordered to minimize setups/teardowns in some cases.

changelog/12424.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix crash with `assert testcase is not None` assertion failure when re-running unittest tests using plugins like pytest-rerunfailures. Regressed in 8.2.2.

changelog/12467.improvement.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Migrated all internal type-annotations to the python3.10+ style by using the `annotations` future import.
+
+-- by :user:`RonnyPfannschmidt`

changelog/12469.doc.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+The external plugin mentions in the documentation now avoid mentioning
+:std:doc:`setuptools entry-points <setuptools:index>` as the concept is
+much more generic nowadays. Instead, the terminology of "external",
+"installed", or "third-party" plugins (or packages) replaces that.
+
+-- by :user:`webknjaz`

changelog/12469.improvement.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+The console output now uses the "third-party plugins" terminology,
+replacing the previously established but confusing and outdated
+reference to :std:doc:`setuptools <setuptools:index>`
+-- by :user:`webknjaz`.

changelog/12472.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fixed a crash when returning category ``"error"`` or ``"failed"`` with a custom test status from :hook:`pytest_report_teststatus` hook -- :user:`pbrezina`.

changelog/12493.contrib.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+The change log draft preview integration has been refactored to use a
+third party extension ``sphinxcontib-towncrier``. The previous in-repo
+script was putting the change log preview file at
+:file:`doc/en/_changelog_towncrier_draft.rst`. Said file is no longer
+ignored in Git and might show up among untracked files in the
+development environments of the contributors. To address that, the
+contributors can run the following command that will clean it up:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+   $ git clean -x -i -- doc/en/_changelog_towncrier_draft.rst
+
+-- by :user:`webknjaz`

changelog/12498.contrib.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+All the undocumented ``tox`` environments now have descriptions.
+They can be listed in one's development environment by invoking
+``tox -av`` in a terminal.
+
+-- by :user:`webknjaz`

changelog/12501.contrib.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+The changelog configuration has been updated to introduce more accurate
+audience-tailored categories. Previously, there was a ``trivial``
+change log fragment type with an unclear and broad meaning. It was
+removed and we now have ``contrib``, ``misc`` and ``packaging`` in
+place of it.
+
+The new change note types target the readers who are downstream
+packagers and project contributors. Additionally, the miscellaneous
+section is kept for unspecified updates that do not fit anywhere else.
+
+-- by :user:`webknjaz`

changelog/12502.contrib.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+The UX of the GitHub automation making pull requests to update the
+plugin list has been updated. Previously, the maintainers had to close
+the automatically created pull requests and re-open them to trigger the
+CI runs. From now on, they only need to click the `Ready for review`
+button instead.
+
+-- by :user:`webknjaz`.

changelog/12522.contrib.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+The ``:pull:`` RST role has been replaced with a shorter
+``:pr:`` due to starting to use the implementation from
+the third-party :pypi:`sphinx-issues` Sphinx extension
+-- by :user:`webknjaz`.

changelog/12531.contrib.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+The coverage reporting configuration has been updated to exclude
+pytest's own tests marked as expected to fail from the coverage
+report. This has an effect of reducing the influence of flaky
+tests on the resulting number.
+
+-- by :user`webknjaz`

changelog/12533.contrib.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+The ``extlinks`` Sphinx extension is no longer enabled. The ``:bpo:``
+role it used to declare has been removed with that. BPO itself has
+migrated to GitHub some years ago and it is possible to link the
+respective issues by using their GitHub issue numbers and the
+``:issue:`` role that the ``sphinx-issues`` extension implements.
+
+-- by :user:`webknjaz`

changelog/12544.improvement.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+The _in_venv function now detects Python virtual environments by checking
+for a pyvenv.cfg file, ensuring reliable detection on various platforms.
+
+-- by :user:`zachsnickers`.

changelog/2871.improvement.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Do not truncate arguments to functions in output when running with `-vvv`.

changelog/389.improvement.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+The readability of assertion introspection of bound methods has been enhanced
+-- by :user:`farbodahm`, :user:`webknjaz`, :user:`obestwalter`, :user:`flub`
+and :user:`glyphack`.
+
+Earlier, it was like:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+    =================================== FAILURES ===================================
+    _____________________________________ test _____________________________________
+
+        def test():
+    >       assert Help().fun() == 2
+    E       assert 1 == 2
+    E        +  where 1 = <bound method Help.fun of <example.Help instance at 0x256a830>>()
+    E        +    where <bound method Help.fun of <example.Help instance at 0x256a830>> = <example.Help instance at 0x256a830>.fun
+    E        +      where <example.Help instance at 0x256a830> = Help()
+
+    example.py:7: AssertionError
+    =========================== 1 failed in 0.03 seconds ===========================
+
+
+And now it's like:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+    =================================== FAILURES ===================================
+    _____________________________________ test _____________________________________
+
+        def test():
+    >       assert Help().fun() == 2
+    E       assert 1 == 2
+    E        +  where 1 = fun()
+    E        +    where fun = <test_local.Help object at 0x1074be230>.fun
+    E        +      where <test_local.Help object at 0x1074be230> = Help()
+
+    test_local.py:13: AssertionError
+    =========================== 1 failed in 0.03 seconds ===========================

changelog/7166.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fixed progress percentages (the ``[ 87%]`` at the edge of the screen) sometimes not aligning correctly when running with pytest-xdist ``-n``.

changelog/7662.improvement.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Added timezone information to the testsuite timestamp in the JUnit XML report.

changelog/README.rst

@@ -20,10 +20,22 @@ Each file should be named like ``<ISSUE>.<TYPE>.rst``, where
 * ``deprecation``: feature deprecation.
 * ``breaking``: a change which may break existing suites, such as feature removal or behavior change.
 * ``vendor``: changes in packages vendored in pytest.
-* ``trivial``: fixing a small typo or internal change that might be noteworthy.
+* ``packaging``: notes for downstreams about unobvious side effects
+  and tooling. changes in the test invocation considerations and
+  runtime assumptions.
+* ``contrib``: stuff that affects the contributor experience. e.g.
+  Running tests, building the docs, setting up the development
+  environment.
+* ``misc``: changes that are hard to assign to any of the above
+  categories.
 
 So for example: ``123.feature.rst``, ``456.bugfix.rst``.
 
+.. tip::
+
+   See :file:`pyproject.toml` for all available categories
+   (``tool.towncrier.type``).
+
 If your PR fixes an issue, use that number here. If there is no issue,
 then after you submit the PR and get the PR number you can add a
 changelog using that instead.

codecov.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
 # reference: https://docs.codecov.io/docs/codecovyml-reference
+---
+
+codecov:
+  token: 1eca3b1f-31a2-4fb8-a8c3-138b441b50a7 #repo token
+
 coverage:
   status:
     patch: true

doc/en/announce/release-2.9.0.rst

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ The py.test Development Team
 **New Features**
 
 * New ``pytest.mark.skip`` mark, which unconditionally skips marked tests.
-  Thanks :user:`MichaelAquilina` for the complete PR (:pull:`1040`).
+  Thanks :user:`MichaelAquilina` for the complete PR (:pr:`1040`).
 
 * ``--doctest-glob`` may now be passed multiple times in the command-line.
   Thanks :user:`jab` and :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR.

doc/en/announce/release-2.9.1.rst

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ The py.test Development Team
   Thanks :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR.
 
 * Fix (:issue:`469`): junit parses report.nodeid incorrectly, when params IDs
-  contain ``::``. Thanks :user:`tomviner` for the PR (:pull:`1431`).
+  contain ``::``. Thanks :user:`tomviner` for the PR (:pr:`1431`).
 
 * Fix (:issue:`578`): SyntaxErrors
   containing non-ascii lines at the point of failure generated an internal

doc/en/announce/release-2.9.2.rst

@@ -44,14 +44,14 @@ The py.test Development Team
 
 * Fix Xfail does not work with condition keyword argument.
   Thanks :user:`astraw38` for reporting the issue (:issue:`1496`) and :user:`tomviner`
-  for PR the (:pull:`1524`).
+  for PR the (:pr:`1524`).
 
 * Fix win32 path issue when putting custom config file with absolute path
   in ``pytest.main("-c your_absolute_path")``.
 
 * Fix maximum recursion depth detection when raised error class is not aware
   of unicode/encoded bytes.
-  Thanks :user:`prusse-martin` for the PR (:pull:`1506`).
+  Thanks :user:`prusse-martin` for the PR (:pr:`1506`).
 
 * Fix ``pytest.mark.skip`` mark when used in strict mode.
   Thanks :user:`pquentin` for the PR and :user:`RonnyPfannschmidt` for

doc/en/backwards-compatibility.rst

@@ -5,30 +5,26 @@ Backwards Compatibility Policy
 
 .. versionadded: 6.0
 
-pytest is actively evolving and is a project that has been decades in the making,
-we keep learning about new and better structures to express different details about testing.
+Pytest is an actively evolving project that has been decades in the making.
+We keep learning about new and better structures to express different details about testing.
 
-While we implement those modifications we try to ensure an easy transition and don't want to impose unnecessary churn on our users and community/plugin authors.
+While we implement those modifications, we try to ensure an easy transition and don't want to impose unnecessary churn on our users and community/plugin authors.
 
 As of now, pytest considers multiple types of backward compatibility transitions:
 
-a) trivial: APIs which trivially translate to the new mechanism,
-   and do not cause problematic changes.
+a) trivial: APIs that trivially translate to the new mechanism and do not cause problematic changes.
 
-   We try to support those indefinitely while encouraging users to switch to newer/better mechanisms through documentation.
+   We try to support those indefinitely while encouraging users to switch to newer or better mechanisms through documentation.
 
-b) transitional: the old and new API don't conflict
-   and we can help users transition by using warnings, while supporting both for a prolonged time.
+b) transitional: the old and new APIs don't conflict, and we can help users transition by using warnings while supporting both for a prolonged period of time.
 
-   We will only start the removal of deprecated functionality in major releases (e.g. if we deprecate something in 3.0 we will start to remove it in 4.0), and keep it around for at least two minor releases (e.g. if we deprecate something in 3.9 and 4.0 is the next release, we start to remove it in 5.0, not in 4.0).
+   We will only start the removal of deprecated functionality in major releases (e.g., if we deprecate something in 3.0, we will start to remove it in 4.0), and keep it around for at least two minor releases (e.g., if we deprecate something in 3.9 and 4.0 is the next release, we start to remove it in 5.0, not in 4.0).
 
    A deprecated feature scheduled to be removed in major version X will use the warning class `PytestRemovedInXWarning` (a subclass of :class:`~pytest.PytestDeprecationWarning`).
 
-   When the deprecation expires (e.g. 4.0 is released), we won't remove the deprecated functionality immediately, but will use the standard warning filters to turn `PytestRemovedInXWarning` (e.g. `PytestRemovedIn4Warning`) into **errors** by default. This approach makes it explicit that removal is imminent, and still gives you time to turn the deprecated feature into a warning instead of an error so it can be dealt with in your own time. In the next minor release (e.g. 4.1), the feature will be effectively removed.
+   When the deprecation expires (e.g., 4.0 is released), we won't remove the deprecated functionality immediately but will use the standard warning filters to turn `PytestRemovedInXWarning` (e.g., `PytestRemovedIn4Warning`) into **errors** by default. This approach makes it explicit that removal is imminent and still gives you time to turn the deprecated feature into a warning instead of an error so it can be dealt with in your own time. In the next minor release (e.g., 4.1), the feature will be effectively removed.
 
-
-c) true breakage: should only be considered when normal transition is unreasonably unsustainable and would offset important development/features by years.
-   In addition, they should be limited to APIs where the number of actual users is very small (for example only impacting some plugins), and can be coordinated with the community in advance.
+c) True breakage should only be considered when a normal transition is unreasonably unsustainable and would offset important developments or features by years. In addition, they should be limited to APIs where the number of actual users is very small (for example, only impacting some plugins) and can be coordinated with the community in advance.
 
    Examples for such upcoming changes:
 
@@ -62,11 +58,11 @@ Focus primary on smooth transition - stance (pre 6.0)
 
 Keeping backwards compatibility has a very high priority in the pytest project. Although we have deprecated functionality over the years, most of it is still supported. All deprecations in pytest were done because simpler or more efficient ways of accomplishing the same tasks have emerged, making the old way of doing things unnecessary.
 
-With the pytest 3.0 release we introduced a clear communication scheme for when we will actually remove the old busted joint and politely ask you to use the new hotness instead, while giving you enough time to adjust your tests or raise concerns if there are valid reasons to keep deprecated functionality around.
+With the pytest 3.0 release, we introduced a clear communication scheme for when we will actually remove the old busted joint and politely ask you to use the new hotness instead, while giving you enough time to adjust your tests or raise concerns if there are valid reasons to keep deprecated functionality around.
 
-To communicate changes we issue deprecation warnings using a custom warning hierarchy (see :ref:`internal-warnings`). These warnings may be suppressed using the standard means: ``-W`` command-line flag or ``filterwarnings`` ini options (see :ref:`warnings`), but we suggest to use these sparingly and temporarily, and heed the warnings when possible.
+To communicate changes, we issue deprecation warnings using a custom warning hierarchy (see :ref:`internal-warnings`). These warnings may be suppressed using the standard means: ``-W`` command-line flag or ``filterwarnings`` ini options (see :ref:`warnings`), but we suggest to use these sparingly and temporarily, and heed the warnings when possible.
 
-We will only start the removal of deprecated functionality in major releases (e.g. if we deprecate something in 3.0 we will start to remove it in 4.0), and keep it around for at least two minor releases (e.g. if we deprecate something in 3.9 and 4.0 is the next release, we start to remove it in 5.0, not in 4.0).
+We will only start the removal of deprecated functionality in major releases (e.g. if we deprecate something in 3.0, we will start to remove it in 4.0), and keep it around for at least two minor releases (e.g. if we deprecate something in 3.9 and 4.0 is the next release, we start to remove it in 5.0, not in 4.0).
 
 When the deprecation expires (e.g. 4.0 is released), we won't remove the deprecated functionality immediately, but will use the standard warning filters to turn them into **errors** by default. This approach makes it explicit that removal is imminent, and still gives you time to turn the deprecated feature into a warning instead of an error so it can be dealt with in your own time. In the next minor release (e.g. 4.1), the feature will be effectively removed.
 

doc/en/changelog.rst

@@ -19,12 +19,15 @@ with advance notice in the **Deprecations** section of releases.
     we named the news folder changelog
 
 
-.. only:: changelog_towncrier_draft
+.. only:: not is_release
 
-    .. The 'changelog_towncrier_draft' tag is included by our 'tox -e docs',
-       but not on readthedocs.
+   To be included in v\ |release| (if present)
+   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-    .. include:: _changelog_towncrier_draft.rst
+   .. towncrier-draft-entries:: |release| [UNRELEASED DRAFT]
+
+   Released versions
+   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 .. towncrier release notes start
 
@@ -265,7 +268,7 @@ Bug Fixes
 
 - `#11904 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11904>`_: Fixed a regression in pytest 8.0.0 that would cause test collection to fail due to permission errors when using ``--pyargs``.
 
-  This change improves the collection tree for tests specified using ``--pyargs``, see :pull:`12043` for a comparison with pytest 8.0 and <8.
+  This change improves the collection tree for tests specified using ``--pyargs``, see :pr:`12043` for a comparison with pytest 8.0 and <8.
 
 
 - `#12011 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/12011>`_: Fixed a regression in 8.0.1 whereby ``setup_module`` xunit-style fixtures are not executed when ``--doctest-modules`` is passed.
@@ -1419,7 +1422,7 @@ Bug Fixes
       tests/link -> tests/real
 
   running ``pytest tests`` now imports the conftest twice, once as ``tests/real/conftest.py`` and once as ``tests/link/conftest.py``.
-  This is a fix to match a similar change made to test collection itself in pytest 6.0 (see :pull:`6523` for details).
+  This is a fix to match a similar change made to test collection itself in pytest 6.0 (see :pr:`6523` for details).
 
 
 - `#9626 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9626>`_: Fixed count of selected tests on terminal collection summary when there were errors or skipped modules.
@@ -2588,7 +2591,7 @@ Breaking Changes
   Resolving symlinks for the current directory and during collection was introduced as a bugfix in 3.9.0, but it actually is a new feature which had unfortunate consequences in Windows and surprising results in other platforms.
 
   The team decided to step back on resolving symlinks at all, planning to review this in the future with a more solid solution (see discussion in
-  :pull:`6523` for details).
+  :pr:`6523` for details).
 
   This might break test suites which made use of this feature; the fix is to create a symlink
   for the entire test tree, and not only to partial files/tress as it was possible previously.
@@ -2871,7 +2874,7 @@ Bug Fixes
 - :issue:`6871`: Fix crash with captured output when using :fixture:`capsysbinary`.
 
 
-- :issue:`6909`: Revert the change introduced by :pull:`6330`, which required all arguments to ``@pytest.mark.parametrize`` to be explicitly defined in the function signature.
+- :issue:`6909`: Revert the change introduced by :pr:`6330`, which required all arguments to ``@pytest.mark.parametrize`` to be explicitly defined in the function signature.
 
   The intention of the original change was to remove what was expected to be an unintended/surprising behavior, but it turns out many people relied on it, so the restriction has been reverted.
 
@@ -3041,7 +3044,7 @@ pytest 5.4.1 (2020-03-13)
 Bug Fixes
 ---------
 
-- :issue:`6909`: Revert the change introduced by :pull:`6330`, which required all arguments to ``@pytest.mark.parametrize`` to be explicitly defined in the function signature.
+- :issue:`6909`: Revert the change introduced by :pr:`6330`, which required all arguments to ``@pytest.mark.parametrize`` to be explicitly defined in the function signature.
 
   The intention of the original change was to remove what was expected to be an unintended/surprising behavior, but it turns out many people relied on it, so the restriction has been reverted.
 
@@ -3357,7 +3360,9 @@ Bug Fixes
 - :issue:`5914`: pytester: fix :py:func:`~pytest.LineMatcher.no_fnmatch_line` when used after positive matching.
 
 
-- :issue:`6082`: Fix line detection for doctest samples inside :py:class:`python:property` docstrings, as a workaround to :bpo:`17446`.
+- :issue:`6082`: Fix line detection for doctest samples inside
+  :py:class:`python:property` docstrings, as a workaround to
+  :issue:`python/cpython#61648`.
 
 
 - :issue:`6254`: Fix compatibility with pytest-parallel (regression in pytest 5.3.0).
@@ -4064,7 +4069,7 @@ Bug Fixes
   (``--collect-only``) when ``--log-cli-level`` is used.
 
 
-- :issue:`5389`: Fix regressions of :pull:`5063` for ``importlib_metadata.PathDistribution`` which have their ``files`` attribute being ``None``.
+- :issue:`5389`: Fix regressions of :pr:`5063` for ``importlib_metadata.PathDistribution`` which have their ``files`` attribute being ``None``.
 
 
 - :issue:`5390`: Fix regression where the ``obj`` attribute of ``TestCase`` items was no longer bound to methods.
@@ -4265,7 +4270,7 @@ Bug Fixes
   (``--collect-only``) when ``--log-cli-level`` is used.
 
 
-- :issue:`5389`: Fix regressions of :pull:`5063` for ``importlib_metadata.PathDistribution`` which have their ``files`` attribute being ``None``.
+- :issue:`5389`: Fix regressions of :pr:`5063` for ``importlib_metadata.PathDistribution`` which have their ``files`` attribute being ``None``.
 
 
 - :issue:`5390`: Fix regression where the ``obj`` attribute of ``TestCase`` items was no longer bound to methods.
@@ -7226,10 +7231,10 @@ New Features
 * Added ``junit_suite_name`` ini option to specify root ``<testsuite>`` name for JUnit XML reports (:issue:`533`).
 
 * Added an ini option ``doctest_encoding`` to specify which encoding to use for doctest files.
-  Thanks :user:`wheerd` for the PR (:pull:`2101`).
+  Thanks :user:`wheerd` for the PR (:pr:`2101`).
 
 * ``pytest.warns`` now checks for subclass relationship rather than
-  class equality. Thanks :user:`lesteve` for the PR (:pull:`2166`)
+  class equality. Thanks :user:`lesteve` for the PR (:pr:`2166`)
 
 * ``pytest.raises`` now asserts that the error message matches a text or regex
   with the ``match`` keyword argument. Thanks :user:`Kriechi` for the PR.
@@ -7257,7 +7262,7 @@ Changes
   the failure. (:issue:`2228`) Thanks to :user:`kkoukiou` for the PR.
 
 * Testcase reports with a ``url`` attribute will now properly write this to junitxml.
-  Thanks :user:`fushi` for the PR (:pull:`1874`).
+  Thanks :user:`fushi` for the PR (:pr:`1874`).
 
 * Remove common items from dict comparison output when verbosity=1. Also update
   the truncation message to make it clearer that pytest truncates all
@@ -7266,7 +7271,7 @@ Changes
 
 * ``--pdbcls`` no longer implies ``--pdb``. This makes it possible to use
   ``addopts=--pdbcls=module.SomeClass`` on ``pytest.ini``. Thanks :user:`davidszotten` for
-  the PR (:pull:`1952`).
+  the PR (:pr:`1952`).
 
 * fix :issue:`2013`: turn RecordedWarning into ``namedtuple``,
   to give it a comprehensible repr while preventing unwarranted modification.
@@ -7520,7 +7525,7 @@ Bug Fixes
   a sequence of strings) when modules are considered for assertion rewriting.
   Due to this bug, much more modules were being rewritten than necessary
   if a test suite uses ``pytest_plugins`` to load internal plugins (:issue:`1888`).
-  Thanks :user:`jaraco` for the report and :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR (:pull:`1891`).
+  Thanks :user:`jaraco` for the report and :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR (:pr:`1891`).
 
 * Do not call tearDown and cleanups when running tests from
   ``unittest.TestCase`` subclasses with ``--pdb``
@@ -7575,12 +7580,12 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
   * ``--nomagic``: use ``--assert=plain`` instead;
   * ``--report``: use ``-r`` instead;
 
-  Thanks to :user:`RedBeardCode` for the PR (:pull:`1664`).
+  Thanks to :user:`RedBeardCode` for the PR (:pr:`1664`).
 
 * ImportErrors in plugins now are a fatal error instead of issuing a
   pytest warning (:issue:`1479`). Thanks to :user:`The-Compiler` for the PR.
 
-* Removed support code for Python 3 versions < 3.3 (:pull:`1627`).
+* Removed support code for Python 3 versions < 3.3 (:pr:`1627`).
 
 * Removed all ``py.test-X*`` entry points. The versioned, suffixed entry points
   were never documented and a leftover from a pre-virtualenv era. These entry
@@ -7591,19 +7596,19 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 * ``pytest.skip()`` now raises an error when used to decorate a test function,
   as opposed to its original intent (to imperatively skip a test inside a test function). Previously
   this usage would cause the entire module to be skipped (:issue:`607`).
-  Thanks :user:`omarkohl` for the complete PR (:pull:`1519`).
+  Thanks :user:`omarkohl` for the complete PR (:pr:`1519`).
 
 * Exit tests if a collection error occurs. A poll indicated most users will hit CTRL-C
   anyway as soon as they see collection errors, so pytest might as well make that the default behavior (:issue:`1421`).
   A ``--continue-on-collection-errors`` option has been added to restore the previous behaviour.
-  Thanks :user:`olegpidsadnyi` and :user:`omarkohl` for the complete PR (:pull:`1628`).
+  Thanks :user:`olegpidsadnyi` and :user:`omarkohl` for the complete PR (:pr:`1628`).
 
 * Renamed the pytest ``pdb`` module (plugin) into ``debugging`` to avoid clashes with the builtin ``pdb`` module.
 
 * Raise a helpful failure message when requesting a parametrized fixture at runtime,
   e.g. with ``request.getfixturevalue``. Previously these parameters were simply
   never defined, so a fixture decorated like ``@pytest.fixture(params=[0, 1, 2])``
-  only ran once (:pull:`460`).
+  only ran once (:pr:`460`).
   Thanks to :user:`nikratio` for the bug report, :user:`RedBeardCode` and :user:`tomviner` for the PR.
 
 * ``_pytest.monkeypatch.monkeypatch`` class has been renamed to ``_pytest.monkeypatch.MonkeyPatch``
@@ -7621,7 +7626,7 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 
 * New ``doctest_namespace`` fixture for injecting names into the
   namespace in which doctests run.
-  Thanks :user:`milliams` for the complete PR (:pull:`1428`).
+  Thanks :user:`milliams` for the complete PR (:pr:`1428`).
 
 * New ``--doctest-report`` option available to change the output format of diffs
   when running (failing) doctests (implements :issue:`1749`).
@@ -7629,23 +7634,23 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 
 * New ``name`` argument to ``pytest.fixture`` decorator which allows a custom name
   for a fixture (to solve the funcarg-shadowing-fixture problem).
-  Thanks :user:`novas0x2a` for the complete PR (:pull:`1444`).
+  Thanks :user:`novas0x2a` for the complete PR (:pr:`1444`).
 
 * New ``approx()`` function for easily comparing floating-point numbers in
   tests.
-  Thanks :user:`kalekundert` for the complete PR (:pull:`1441`).
+  Thanks :user:`kalekundert` for the complete PR (:pr:`1441`).
 
 * Ability to add global properties in the final xunit output file by accessing
   the internal ``junitxml`` plugin (experimental).
-  Thanks :user:`tareqalayan` for the complete PR :pull:`1454`).
+  Thanks :user:`tareqalayan` for the complete PR :pr:`1454`).
 
 * New ``ExceptionInfo.match()`` method to match a regular expression on the
   string representation of an exception (:issue:`372`).
-  Thanks :user:`omarkohl` for the complete PR (:pull:`1502`).
+  Thanks :user:`omarkohl` for the complete PR (:pr:`1502`).
 
 * ``__tracebackhide__`` can now also be set to a callable which then can decide
   whether to filter the traceback based on the ``ExceptionInfo`` object passed
-  to it. Thanks :user:`The-Compiler` for the complete PR (:pull:`1526`).
+  to it. Thanks :user:`The-Compiler` for the complete PR (:pr:`1526`).
 
 * New ``pytest_make_parametrize_id(config, val)`` hook which can be used by plugins to provide
   friendly strings for custom types.
@@ -7663,7 +7668,7 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 * Introduce ``pytest`` command as recommended entry point. Note that ``py.test``
   still works and is not scheduled for removal. Closes proposal
   :issue:`1629`. Thanks :user:`obestwalter` and :user:`davehunt` for the complete PR
-  (:pull:`1633`).
+  (:pr:`1633`).
 
 * New cli flags:
 
@@ -7707,19 +7712,19 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 
 * Change ``report.outcome`` for ``xpassed`` tests to ``"passed"`` in non-strict
   mode and ``"failed"`` in strict mode. Thanks to :user:`hackebrot` for the PR
-  (:pull:`1795`) and :user:`gprasad84` for report (:issue:`1546`).
+  (:pr:`1795`) and :user:`gprasad84` for report (:issue:`1546`).
 
 * Tests marked with ``xfail(strict=False)`` (the default) now appear in
   JUnitXML reports as passing tests instead of skipped.
-  Thanks to :user:`hackebrot` for the PR (:pull:`1795`).
+  Thanks to :user:`hackebrot` for the PR (:pr:`1795`).
 
 * Highlight path of the file location in the error report to make it easier to copy/paste.
-  Thanks :user:`suzaku` for the PR (:pull:`1778`).
+  Thanks :user:`suzaku` for the PR (:pr:`1778`).
 
 * Fixtures marked with ``@pytest.fixture`` can now use ``yield`` statements exactly like
   those marked with the ``@pytest.yield_fixture`` decorator. This change renders
   ``@pytest.yield_fixture`` deprecated and makes ``@pytest.fixture`` with ``yield`` statements
-  the preferred way to write teardown code (:pull:`1461`).
+  the preferred way to write teardown code (:pr:`1461`).
   Thanks :user:`csaftoiu` for bringing this to attention and :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR.
 
 * Explicitly passed parametrize ids do not get escaped to ascii (:issue:`1351`).
@@ -7730,11 +7735,11 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
   Thanks :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR.
 
 * ``pytest_terminal_summary`` hook now receives the ``exitstatus``
-  of the test session as argument. Thanks :user:`blueyed` for the PR (:pull:`1809`).
+  of the test session as argument. Thanks :user:`blueyed` for the PR (:pr:`1809`).
 
 * Parametrize ids can accept ``None`` as specific test id, in which case the
   automatically generated id for that argument will be used.
-  Thanks :user:`palaviv` for the complete PR (:pull:`1468`).
+  Thanks :user:`palaviv` for the complete PR (:pr:`1468`).
 
 * The parameter to xunit-style setup/teardown methods (``setup_method``,
   ``setup_module``, etc.) is now optional and may be omitted.
@@ -7742,32 +7747,32 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 
 * Improved automatic id generation selection in case of duplicate ids in
   parametrize.
-  Thanks :user:`palaviv` for the complete PR (:pull:`1474`).
+  Thanks :user:`palaviv` for the complete PR (:pr:`1474`).
 
 * Now pytest warnings summary is shown up by default. Added a new flag
   ``--disable-pytest-warnings`` to explicitly disable the warnings summary (:issue:`1668`).
 
 * Make ImportError during collection more explicit by reminding
   the user to check the name of the test module/package(s) (:issue:`1426`).
-  Thanks :user:`omarkohl` for the complete PR (:pull:`1520`).
+  Thanks :user:`omarkohl` for the complete PR (:pr:`1520`).
 
 * Add ``build/`` and ``dist/`` to the default ``--norecursedirs`` list. Thanks
   :user:`mikofski` for the report and :user:`tomviner` for the PR (:issue:`1544`).
 
 * ``pytest.raises`` in the context manager form accepts a custom
   ``message`` to raise when no exception occurred.
-  Thanks :user:`palaviv` for the complete PR (:pull:`1616`).
+  Thanks :user:`palaviv` for the complete PR (:pr:`1616`).
 
 * ``conftest.py`` files now benefit from assertion rewriting; previously it
   was only available for test modules. Thanks :user:`flub`, :user:`sober7` and
   :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR (:issue:`1619`).
 
 * Text documents without any doctests no longer appear as "skipped".
-  Thanks :user:`graingert` for reporting and providing a full PR (:pull:`1580`).
+  Thanks :user:`graingert` for reporting and providing a full PR (:pr:`1580`).
 
 * Ensure that a module within a namespace package can be found when it
   is specified on the command line together with the ``--pyargs``
-  option.  Thanks to :user:`taschini` for the PR (:pull:`1597`).
+  option.  Thanks to :user:`taschini` for the PR (:pr:`1597`).
 
 * Always include full assertion explanation during assertion rewriting. The previous behaviour was hiding
   sub-expressions that happened to be ``False``, assuming this was redundant information.
@@ -7783,20 +7788,20 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
   Thanks :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR.
 
 * ``[pytest]`` sections in ``setup.cfg`` files should now be named ``[tool:pytest]``
-  to avoid conflicts with other distutils commands (see :pull:`567`). ``[pytest]`` sections in
+  to avoid conflicts with other distutils commands (see :pr:`567`). ``[pytest]`` sections in
   ``pytest.ini`` or ``tox.ini`` files are supported and unchanged.
   Thanks :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR.
 
 * Using ``pytest_funcarg__`` prefix to declare fixtures is considered deprecated and will be
-  removed in pytest-4.0 (:pull:`1684`).
+  removed in pytest-4.0 (:pr:`1684`).
   Thanks :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR.
 
 * Passing a command-line string to ``pytest.main()`` is considered deprecated and scheduled
-  for removal in pytest-4.0. It is recommended to pass a list of arguments instead (:pull:`1723`).
+  for removal in pytest-4.0. It is recommended to pass a list of arguments instead (:pr:`1723`).
 
 * Rename ``getfuncargvalue`` to ``getfixturevalue``. ``getfuncargvalue`` is
   still present but is now considered deprecated. Thanks to :user:`RedBeardCode` and :user:`tomviner`
-  for the PR (:pull:`1626`).
+  for the PR (:pr:`1626`).
 
 * ``optparse`` type usage now triggers DeprecationWarnings (:issue:`1740`).
 
@@ -7854,11 +7859,11 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
   :user:`tomviner` for the PR.
 
 * ``ConftestImportFailure`` now shows the traceback making it easier to
-  identify bugs in ``conftest.py`` files (:pull:`1516`). Thanks :user:`txomon` for
+  identify bugs in ``conftest.py`` files (:pr:`1516`). Thanks :user:`txomon` for
   the PR.
 
 * Text documents without any doctests no longer appear as "skipped".
-  Thanks :user:`graingert` for reporting and providing a full PR (:pull:`1580`).
+  Thanks :user:`graingert` for reporting and providing a full PR (:pr:`1580`).
 
 * Fixed collection of classes with custom ``__new__`` method.
   Fixes :issue:`1579`. Thanks to :user:`Stranger6667` for the PR.
@@ -7866,7 +7871,7 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 * Fixed scope overriding inside metafunc.parametrize (:issue:`634`).
   Thanks to :user:`Stranger6667` for the PR.
 
-* Fixed the total tests tally in junit xml output (:pull:`1798`).
+* Fixed the total tests tally in junit xml output (:pr:`1798`).
   Thanks to :user:`cboelsen` for the PR.
 
 * Fixed off-by-one error with lines from ``request.node.warn``.
@@ -7883,14 +7888,14 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 
 * Fix Xfail does not work with condition keyword argument.
   Thanks :user:`astraw38` for reporting the issue (:issue:`1496`) and :user:`tomviner`
-  for PR the (:pull:`1524`).
+  for PR the (:pr:`1524`).
 
 * Fix win32 path issue when putting custom config file with absolute path
   in ``pytest.main("-c your_absolute_path")``.
 
 * Fix maximum recursion depth detection when raised error class is not aware
   of unicode/encoded bytes.
-  Thanks :user:`prusse-martin` for the PR (:pull:`1506`).
+  Thanks :user:`prusse-martin` for the PR (:pr:`1506`).
 
 * Fix ``pytest.mark.skip`` mark when used in strict mode.
   Thanks :user:`pquentin` for the PR and :user:`RonnyPfannschmidt` for
@@ -7917,7 +7922,7 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
   Thanks :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR.
 
 * Fix (:issue:`469`): junit parses report.nodeid incorrectly, when params IDs
-  contain ``::``. Thanks :user:`tomviner` for the PR (:pull:`1431`).
+  contain ``::``. Thanks :user:`tomviner` for the PR (:pr:`1431`).
 
 * Fix (:issue:`578`): SyntaxErrors
   containing non-ascii lines at the point of failure generated an internal
@@ -7938,7 +7943,7 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 **New Features**
 
 * New ``pytest.mark.skip`` mark, which unconditionally skips marked tests.
-  Thanks :user:`MichaelAquilina` for the complete PR (:pull:`1040`).
+  Thanks :user:`MichaelAquilina` for the complete PR (:pr:`1040`).
 
 * ``--doctest-glob`` may now be passed multiple times in the command-line.
   Thanks :user:`jab` and :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR.
@@ -7949,14 +7954,14 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 * ``pytest.mark.xfail`` now has a ``strict`` option, which makes ``XPASS``
   tests to fail the test suite (defaulting to ``False``). There's also a
   ``xfail_strict`` ini option that can be used to configure it project-wise.
-  Thanks :user:`rabbbit` for the request and :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR (:pull:`1355`).
+  Thanks :user:`rabbbit` for the request and :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR (:pr:`1355`).
 
 * ``Parser.addini`` now supports options of type ``bool``.
   Thanks :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR.
 
 * New ``ALLOW_BYTES`` doctest option. This strips ``b`` prefixes from byte strings
   in doctest output (similar to ``ALLOW_UNICODE``).
-  Thanks :user:`jaraco` for the request and :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR (:pull:`1287`).
+  Thanks :user:`jaraco` for the request and :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR (:pr:`1287`).
 
 * Give a hint on ``KeyboardInterrupt`` to use the ``--fulltrace`` option to show the errors.
   Fixes :issue:`1366`.
@@ -7988,7 +7993,7 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 
 * Removed code and documentation for Python 2.5 or lower versions,
   including removal of the obsolete ``_pytest.assertion.oldinterpret`` module.
-  Thanks :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR (:pull:`1226`).
+  Thanks :user:`nicoddemus` for the PR (:pr:`1226`).
 
 * Comparisons now always show up in full when ``CI`` or ``BUILD_NUMBER`` is
   found in the environment, even when ``-vv`` isn't used.

doc/en/conf.py

@@ -15,17 +15,33 @@
 #
 # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
 # The short X.Y version.
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
 import shutil
 from textwrap import dedent
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
-from _pytest import __version__ as version
+from _pytest import __version__ as full_version
 
 
+version = full_version.split("+")[0]
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     import sphinx.application
 
 
+PROJECT_ROOT_DIR = Path(__file__).parents[2].resolve()
+IS_RELEASE_ON_RTD = (
+    os.getenv("READTHEDOCS", "False") == "True"
+    and os.environ["READTHEDOCS_VERSION_TYPE"] == "tag"
+)
+if IS_RELEASE_ON_RTD:
+    tags: set[str]
+    # pylint: disable-next=used-before-assignment
+    tags.add("is_release")  # noqa: F821
+
 release = ".".join(version.split(".")[:2])
 
 # If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
@@ -66,12 +82,13 @@ extensions = [
     "pygments_pytest",
     "sphinx.ext.autodoc",
     "sphinx.ext.autosummary",
-    "sphinx.ext.extlinks",
     "sphinx.ext.intersphinx",
     "sphinx.ext.todo",
     "sphinx.ext.viewcode",
     "sphinx_removed_in",
     "sphinxcontrib_trio",
+    "sphinxcontrib.towncrier.ext",  # provides `towncrier-draft-entries` directive
+    "sphinx_issues",  # implements `:issue:`, `:pr:` and other GH-related roles
 ]
 
 # Building PDF docs on readthedocs requires inkscape for svg to pdf
@@ -153,16 +170,6 @@ linkcheck_ignore = [
 linkcheck_workers = 5
 
 
-_repo = "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest"
-extlinks = {
-    "bpo": ("https://bugs.python.org/issue%s", "bpo-%s"),
-    "pypi": ("https://pypi.org/project/%s/", "%s"),
-    "issue": (f"{_repo}/issues/%s", "issue #%s"),
-    "pull": (f"{_repo}/pull/%s", "pull request #%s"),
-    "user": ("https://github.com/%s", "@%s"),
-}
-
-
 nitpicky = True
 nitpick_ignore = [
     # TODO (fix in pluggy?)
@@ -176,6 +183,7 @@ nitpick_ignore = [
     ("py:class", "SubRequest"),
     ("py:class", "TerminalReporter"),
     ("py:class", "_pytest._code.code.TerminalRepr"),
+    ("py:class", "TerminalRepr"),
     ("py:class", "_pytest.fixtures.FixtureFunctionMarker"),
     ("py:class", "_pytest.logging.LogCaptureHandler"),
     ("py:class", "_pytest.mark.structures.ParameterSet"),
@@ -197,13 +205,16 @@ nitpick_ignore = [
     ("py:class", "_PluggyPlugin"),
     # TypeVars
     ("py:class", "_pytest._code.code.E"),
+    ("py:class", "E"),  # due to delayed annotation
     ("py:class", "_pytest.fixtures.FixtureFunction"),
     ("py:class", "_pytest.nodes._NodeType"),
+    ("py:class", "_NodeType"),  # due to delayed annotation
     ("py:class", "_pytest.python_api.E"),
     ("py:class", "_pytest.recwarn.T"),
     ("py:class", "_pytest.runner.TResult"),
     ("py:obj", "_pytest.fixtures.FixtureValue"),
     ("py:obj", "_pytest.stash.T"),
+    ("py:class", "_ScopeName"),
 ]
 
 
@@ -226,7 +237,7 @@ html_theme = "furo"
 html_title = "pytest documentation"
 
 # A shorter title for the navigation bar.  Default is the same as html_title.
-html_short_title = "pytest-%s" % release
+html_short_title = f"pytest-{release}"
 
 # The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top
 # of the sidebar.
@@ -422,6 +433,18 @@ texinfo_documents = [
     )
 ]
 
+# -- Options for towncrier_draft extension -----------------------------------
+
+towncrier_draft_autoversion_mode = "draft"  # or: 'sphinx-version', 'sphinx-release'
+towncrier_draft_include_empty = True
+towncrier_draft_working_directory = PROJECT_ROOT_DIR
+towncrier_draft_config_path = "pyproject.toml"  # relative to cwd
+
+
+# -- Options for sphinx_issues extension -----------------------------------
+
+issues_github_path = "pytest-dev/pytest"
+
 
 intersphinx_mapping = {
     "pluggy": ("https://pluggy.readthedocs.io/en/stable", None),
@@ -435,31 +458,7 @@ intersphinx_mapping = {
 }
 
 
-def configure_logging(app: "sphinx.application.Sphinx") -> None:
-    """Configure Sphinx's WarningHandler to handle (expected) missing include."""
-    import logging
-
-    import sphinx.util.logging
-
-    class WarnLogFilter(logging.Filter):
-        def filter(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> bool:
-            """Ignore warnings about missing include with "only" directive.
-
-            Ref: https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/issues/2150."""
-            if (
-                record.msg.startswith('Problems with "include" directive path:')
-                and "_changelog_towncrier_draft.rst" in record.msg
-            ):
-                return False
-            return True
-
-    logger = logging.getLogger(sphinx.util.logging.NAMESPACE)
-    warn_handler = [x for x in logger.handlers if x.level == logging.WARNING]
-    assert len(warn_handler) == 1, warn_handler
-    warn_handler[0].filters.insert(0, WarnLogFilter())
-
-
-def setup(app: "sphinx.application.Sphinx") -> None:
+def setup(app: sphinx.application.Sphinx) -> None:
     app.add_crossref_type(
         "fixture",
         "fixture",
@@ -488,8 +487,6 @@ def setup(app: "sphinx.application.Sphinx") -> None:
         indextemplate="pair: %s; hook",
     )
 
-    configure_logging(app)
-
     # legacypath.py monkey-patches pytest.Testdir in. Import the file so
     # that autodoc can discover references to it.
     import _pytest.legacypath  # noqa: F401

doc/en/conftest.py

@@ -1 +1,4 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
 collect_ignore = ["conf.py"]

doc/en/contact.rst

@@ -22,23 +22,16 @@ Contact channels
   requests to GitHub.
 
 - ``#pytest`` `on irc.libera.chat <ircs://irc.libera.chat:6697/#pytest>`_ IRC
-  channel for random questions (using an IRC client, `via webchat
-  <https://web.libera.chat/#pytest>`_, or `via Matrix
-  <https://matrix.to/#/%23pytest:libera.chat>`_).
+  channel for random questions (using an IRC client, or `via webchat
+  <https://web.libera.chat/#pytest>`)
+- ``#pytest`` `on Matrix https://matrix.to/#/#pytest:matrix.org>`.
 
-- private mail to Holger.Krekel at gmail com if you want to communicate sensitive issues
-
-
-- `merlinux.eu`_ offers pytest and tox-related professional teaching and
-  consulting.
 
 .. _`pytest issue tracker`: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues
 .. _`old issue tracker`: https://bitbucket.org/hpk42/py-trunk/issues/
 
 .. _`pytest discussions`: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/discussions
 
-.. _`merlinux.eu`: https://merlinux.eu/
-
 .. _`get an account`:
 
 .. _tetamap: https://tetamap.wordpress.com/

doc/en/example/assertion/failure_demo.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import pytest
 from pytest import raises
 

doc/en/example/assertion/global_testmodule_config/conftest.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import os.path
 
 import pytest

doc/en/example/assertion/global_testmodule_config/test_hello_world.py

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
 hello = "world"
 
 

doc/en/example/assertion/test_failures.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import os.path
 import shutil
 

doc/en/example/assertion/test_setup_flow_example.py

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
 def setup_module(module):
     module.TestStateFullThing.classcount = 0
 

doc/en/example/conftest.py

@@ -1 +1,4 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
 collect_ignore = ["nonpython", "customdirectory"]

doc/en/example/customdirectory/conftest.py

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # content of conftest.py
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 
 import pytest

doc/en/example/customdirectory/tests/test_first.py

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
 # content of test_first.py
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
 def test_1():
     pass

doc/en/example/customdirectory/tests/test_second.py

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
 # content of test_second.py
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
 def test_2():
     pass

doc/en/example/customdirectory/tests/test_third.py

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
 # content of test_third.py
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
 def test_3():
     pass

doc/en/example/fixtures/test_fixtures_order_autouse.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import pytest
 
 

doc/en/example/fixtures/test_fixtures_order_autouse_multiple_scopes.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import pytest
 
 

doc/en/example/fixtures/test_fixtures_order_autouse_temp_effects.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import pytest
 
 

doc/en/example/fixtures/test_fixtures_order_dependencies.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import pytest
 
 

doc/en/example/fixtures/test_fixtures_order_scope.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import pytest
 
 

doc/en/example/fixtures/test_fixtures_request_different_scope.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import pytest
 
 

doc/en/example/markers.rst

@@ -25,10 +25,12 @@ You can "mark" a test function with custom metadata like this:
         pass  # perform some webtest test for your app
 
 
+    @pytest.mark.device(serial="123")
     def test_something_quick():
         pass
 
 
+    @pytest.mark.device(serial="abc")
     def test_another():
         pass
 
@@ -71,6 +73,28 @@ Or the inverse, running all tests except the webtest ones:
 
     ===================== 3 passed, 1 deselected in 0.12s ======================
 
+.. _`marker_keyword_expression_example`:
+
+Additionally, you can restrict a test run to only run tests matching one or multiple marker
+keyword arguments, e.g. to run only tests marked with ``device`` and the specific ``serial="123"``:
+
+.. code-block:: pytest
+
+    $ pytest -v -m "device(serial='123')"
+    =========================== test session starts ============================
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
+    rootdir: /home/sweet/project
+    collecting ... collected 4 items / 3 deselected / 1 selected
+
+    test_server.py::test_something_quick PASSED                          [100%]
+
+    ===================== 1 passed, 3 deselected in 0.12s ======================
+
+.. note:: Only keyword argument matching is supported in marker expressions.
+
+.. note:: Only :class:`int`, (unescaped) :class:`str`, :class:`bool` & :data:`None` values are supported in marker expressions.
+
 Selecting tests based on their node ID
 --------------------------------------
 

doc/en/example/multipython.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 """Module containing a parametrized tests testing cross-python serialization
 via the pickle module."""
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 import textwrap

doc/en/example/nonpython/conftest.py

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # content of conftest.py
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import pytest
 
 

doc/en/example/pythoncollection.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # run this with $ pytest --collect-only test_collectonly.py
 #
+from __future__ import annotations
 
 
 def test_function():

doc/en/example/simple.rst

@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ the command line arguments before they get processed:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    # setuptools plugin
+    # installable external plugin
     import sys
 
 
@@ -405,35 +405,20 @@ Detect if running from within a pytest run
 Usually it is a bad idea to make application code
 behave differently if called from a test.  But if you
 absolutely must find out if your application code is
-running from a test you can do something like this:
+running from a test you can do this:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    # content of your_module.py
+    import os
 
 
-    _called_from_test = False
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    # content of conftest.py
-
-
-    def pytest_configure(config):
-        your_module._called_from_test = True
-
-and then check for the ``your_module._called_from_test`` flag:
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    if your_module._called_from_test:
-        # called from within a test run
+    if os.environ.get("PYTEST_VERSION") is not None:
+        # Things you want to to do if your code is called by pytest.
         ...
     else:
-        # called "normally"
+        # Things you want to to do if your code is not called by pytest.
         ...
 
-accordingly in your application.
 
 Adding info to test report header
 --------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1088,8 +1073,8 @@ Instead of freezing the pytest runner as a separate executable, you can make
 your frozen program work as the pytest runner by some clever
 argument handling during program startup. This allows you to
 have a single executable, which is usually more convenient.
-Please note that the mechanism for plugin discovery used by pytest
-(setuptools entry points) doesn't work with frozen executables so pytest
+Please note that the mechanism for plugin discovery used by pytest (:ref:`entry
+points <pip-installable plugins>`) doesn't work with frozen executables so pytest
 can't find any third party plugins automatically. To include third party plugins
 like ``pytest-timeout`` they must be imported explicitly and passed on to pytest.main.
 

doc/en/example/xfail_demo.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import pytest
 
 

doc/en/explanation/pythonpath.rst

@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@ pytest import mechanisms and ``sys.path``/``PYTHONPATH``
 Import modes
 ------------
 
-pytest as a testing framework needs to import test modules and ``conftest.py`` files for execution.
+pytest as a testing framework that needs to import test modules and ``conftest.py`` files for execution.
 
-Importing files in Python is a non-trivial processes, so aspects of the
+Importing files in Python is a non-trivial process, so aspects of the
 import process can be controlled through the ``--import-mode`` command-line flag, which can assume
 these values:
 
 .. _`import-mode-prepend`:
 
-* ``prepend`` (default): the directory path containing each module will be inserted into the *beginning*
+* ``prepend`` (default): The directory path containing each module will be inserted into the *beginning*
   of :py:data:`sys.path` if not already there, and then imported with
   the :func:`importlib.import_module <importlib.import_module>` function.
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ these values:
 * ``append``: the directory containing each module is appended to the end of :py:data:`sys.path` if not already
   there, and imported with :func:`importlib.import_module <importlib.import_module>`.
 
-  This better allows to run test modules against installed versions of a package even if the
+  This better allows users to run test modules against installed versions of a package even if the
   package under test has the same import root. For example:
 
   ::
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ these values:
 
   the tests will run against the installed version
   of ``pkg_under_test`` when ``--import-mode=append`` is used whereas
-  with ``prepend`` they would pick up the local version. This kind of confusion is why
+  with ``prepend``, they would pick up the local version. This kind of confusion is why
   we advocate for using :ref:`src-layouts <src-layout>`.
 
   Same as ``prepend``, requires test module names to be unique when the test directory tree is
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ these values:
     are not importable. The recommendation in this case it to place testing utility modules together with the application/library
     code, for example ``app.testing.helpers``.
 
-    Important: by "test utility modules" we mean functions/classes which are imported by
+    Important: by "test utility modules", we mean functions/classes which are imported by
     other tests directly; this does not include fixtures, which should be placed in ``conftest.py`` files, along
     with the test modules, and are discovered automatically by pytest.
 
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ these values:
   1. Given a certain module path, for example ``tests/core/test_models.py``, derives a canonical name
      like ``tests.core.test_models`` and tries to import it.
 
-     For non-test modules this will work if they are accessible via :py:data:`sys.path`, so
-     for example ``.env/lib/site-packages/app/core.py`` will be importable as ``app.core``.
+     For non-test modules, this will work if they are accessible via :py:data:`sys.path`. So
+     for example, ``.env/lib/site-packages/app/core.py`` will be importable as ``app.core``.
      This is happens when plugins import non-test modules (for example doctesting).
 
      If this step succeeds, the module is returned.

doc/en/historical-notes.rst

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Here is a non-exhaustive list of issues fixed by the new implementation:
 
 * Marker transfer incompatible with inheritance (:issue:`535`).
 
-More details can be found in the :pull:`original PR <3317>`.
+More details can be found in the :pr:`original PR <3317>`.
 
 .. note::
 

doc/en/how-to/fixtures.rst

@@ -1931,7 +1931,7 @@ The same applies for the test folder level obviously.
 Using fixtures from other projects
 ----------------------------------
 
-Usually projects that provide pytest support will use :ref:`entry points <setuptools entry points>`,
+Usually projects that provide pytest support will use :ref:`entry points <pip-installable plugins>`,
 so just installing those projects into an environment will make those fixtures available for use.
 
 In case you want to use fixtures from a project that does not use entry points, you can

doc/en/how-to/usage.rst

@@ -76,11 +76,19 @@ Specifying a specific parametrization of a test:
 
 **Run tests by marker expressions**
 
+To run all tests which are decorated with the ``@pytest.mark.slow`` decorator:
+
 .. code-block:: bash
 
     pytest -m slow
 
-Will run all tests which are decorated with the ``@pytest.mark.slow`` decorator.
+
+To run all tests which are decorated with the annotated ``@pytest.mark.slow(phase=1)`` decorator,
+with the ``phase`` keyword argument set to ``1``:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    pytest -m "slow(phase=1)"
 
 For more information see :ref:`marks <mark>`.
 
@@ -154,7 +162,7 @@ You can early-load plugins (internal and external) explicitly in the command-lin
 The option receives a ``name`` parameter, which can be:
 
 * A full module dotted name, for example ``myproject.plugins``. This dotted name must be importable.
-* The entry-point name of a plugin. This is the name passed to ``setuptools`` when the plugin is
+* The entry-point name of a plugin. This is the name passed to ``importlib`` when the plugin is
   registered. For example to early-load the :pypi:`pytest-cov` plugin you can use::
 
     pytest -p pytest_cov

doc/en/how-to/writing_plugins.rst

@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ reporting by calling :ref:`well specified hooks <hook-reference>` of the followi
 
 * builtin plugins: loaded from pytest's internal ``_pytest`` directory.
 
-* :ref:`external plugins <extplugins>`: modules discovered through
-  `setuptools entry points`_
+* :ref:`external plugins <extplugins>`: installed third-party modules discovered
+  through :ref:`entry points <pip-installable plugins>` in their packaging metadata
 
 * `conftest.py plugins`_: modules auto-discovered in test directories
 
@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ Plugin discovery order at tool startup
 3. by scanning the command line for the ``-p name`` option
    and loading the specified plugin. This happens before normal command-line parsing.
 
-4. by loading all plugins registered through `setuptools entry points`_.
+4. by loading all plugins registered through installed third-party package
+   :ref:`entry points <pip-installable plugins>`.
 
 5. by loading all plugins specified through the :envvar:`PYTEST_PLUGINS` environment variable.
 
@@ -142,7 +143,8 @@ Making your plugin installable by others
 If you want to make your plugin externally available, you
 may define a so-called entry point for your distribution so
 that ``pytest`` finds your plugin module. Entry points are
-a feature that is provided by :std:doc:`setuptools <setuptools:index>`.
+a feature that is provided by :std:doc:`packaging tools
+<packaging:specifications/entry-points>`.
 
 pytest looks up the ``pytest11`` entrypoint to discover its
 plugins, thus you can make your plugin available by defining
@@ -265,8 +267,9 @@ of the variable will also be loaded as plugins, and so on.
     tests root directory is deprecated, and will raise a warning.
 
 This mechanism makes it easy to share fixtures within applications or even
-external applications without the need to create external plugins using
-the ``setuptools``'s entry point technique.
+external applications without the need to create external plugins using the
+:std:doc:`entry point packaging metadata
+<packaging:guides/creating-and-discovering-plugins>` technique.
 
 Plugins imported by :globalvar:`pytest_plugins` will also automatically be marked
 for assertion rewriting (see :func:`pytest.register_assert_rewrite`).

doc/en/index.rst

@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@
 
 .. sidebar:: **Next Open Trainings and Events**
 
-    - `pytest development sprint <https://github.com/pytest-dev/sprint>`_, **June 17th -- 22nd 2024**, Klaus (AT) / Remote
-    - `pytest tips and tricks for a better testsuite <https://ep2024.europython.eu/session/pytest-tips-and-tricks-for-a-better-testsuite>`_, at `Europython 2024 <https://ep2024.europython.eu/>`_, **July 8th -- 14th 2024** (3h), Prague (CZ)
+    - `pytest tips and tricks for a better testsuite <https://ep2024.europython.eu/session/pytest-tips-and-tricks-for-a-better-testsuite>`_, at `Europython 2024 <https://ep2024.europython.eu/>`_, **July 9th 2024** (3h), Prague (CZ)
     - `pytest: Professionelles Testen (nicht nur) für Python <https://pretalx.com/workshoptage-2024/talk/9VUHYB/>`_, at `CH Open Workshoptage <https://workshoptage.ch/>`_, **September 2nd 2024**, HSLU Rotkreuz (CH)
     - `Professional Testing with Python <https://python-academy.com/courses/python_course_testing.html>`_, via `Python Academy <https://www.python-academy.com/>`_ (3 day in-depth training), **March 4th -- 6th 2025**, Leipzig (DE) / Remote
 

doc/en/reference/customize.rst

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ and can also be used to hold pytest configuration if they have a ``[pytest]`` se
 setup.cfg
 ~~~~~~~~~
 
-``setup.cfg`` files are general purpose configuration files, used originally by ``distutils`` (now deprecated) and `setuptools <https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/userguide/declarative_config.html>`__, and can also be used to hold pytest configuration
+``setup.cfg`` files are general purpose configuration files, used originally by ``distutils`` (now deprecated) and :std:doc:`setuptools <setuptools:userguide/declarative_config>`, and can also be used to hold pytest configuration
 if they have a ``[tool:pytest]`` section.
 
 .. code-block:: ini

doc/en/reference/reference.rst

@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ Reference to all hooks which can be implemented by :ref:`conftest.py files <loca
 Bootstrapping hooks
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Bootstrapping hooks called for plugins registered early enough (internal and setuptools plugins).
+Bootstrapping hooks called for plugins registered early enough (internal and third-party plugins).
 
 .. hook:: pytest_load_initial_conftests
 .. autofunction:: pytest_load_initial_conftests
@@ -1147,8 +1147,9 @@ When set, pytest will print tracing and debug information.
 
 .. envvar:: PYTEST_DISABLE_PLUGIN_AUTOLOAD
 
-When set, disables plugin auto-loading through setuptools entrypoints. Only explicitly specified plugins will be
-loaded.
+When set, disables plugin auto-loading through :std:doc:`entry point packaging
+metadata <packaging:guides/creating-and-discovering-plugins>`. Only explicitly
+specified plugins will be loaded.
 
 .. envvar:: PYTEST_PLUGINS
 
@@ -1701,13 +1702,13 @@ passed multiple times. The expected format is ``name=value``. For example::
    This would tell ``pytest`` to not look into typical subversion or
    sphinx-build directories or into any ``tmp`` prefixed directory.
 
-   Additionally, ``pytest`` will attempt to intelligently identify and ignore a
-   virtualenv by the presence of an activation script.  Any directory deemed to
-   be the root of a virtual environment will not be considered during test
-   collection unless ``--collect-in-virtualenv`` is given.  Note also that
-   ``norecursedirs`` takes precedence over ``--collect-in-virtualenv``; e.g. if
-   you intend to run tests in a virtualenv with a base directory that matches
-   ``'.*'`` you *must* override ``norecursedirs`` in addition to using the
+   Additionally, ``pytest`` will attempt to intelligently identify and ignore
+   a virtualenv.  Any directory deemed to be the root of a virtual environment
+   will not be considered during test collection unless
+   ``--collect-in-virtualenv`` is given.  Note also that ``norecursedirs``
+   takes precedence over ``--collect-in-virtualenv``; e.g. if you intend to
+   run tests in a virtualenv with a base directory that matches ``'.*'`` you
+   *must* override ``norecursedirs`` in addition to using the
    ``--collect-in-virtualenv`` flag.
 
 

doc/en/requirements.txt

@@ -9,3 +9,5 @@ sphinxcontrib-svg2pdfconverter
 # See https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/pull/10578#issuecomment-1348249045.
 packaging
 furo
+sphinxcontrib-towncrier
+sphinx-issues

extra/get_issues.py

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 from pathlib import Path
+import sys
 
 import requests
 
@@ -17,7 +20,7 @@ def get_issues():
         if r.status_code == 403:
             # API request limit exceeded
             print(data["message"])
-            exit(1)
+            sys.exit(1)
         issues.extend(data)
 
         # Look for next page
@@ -60,7 +63,7 @@ def report(issues):
         kind = _get_kind(issue)
         status = issue["state"]
         number = issue["number"]
-        link = "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/%s/" % number
+        link = f"https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/{number}/"
         print("----")
         print(status, kind, link)
         print(title)
@@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ def report(issues):
         # print("\n".join(lines[:3]))
         # if len(lines) > 3 or len(body) > 240:
         #    print("...")
-    print("\n\nFound %s open issues" % len(issues))
+    print(f"\n\nFound {len(issues)} open issues")
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+[build-system]
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+requires = [
+    "setuptools>=61",
+    "setuptools-scm[toml]>=6.2.3",
+]
+
 [project]
 name = "pytest"
 description = "pytest: simple powerful testing with Python"
@@ -6,15 +13,15 @@ keywords = [
     "test",
     "unittest",
 ]
-license = {text = "MIT"}
+license = { text = "MIT" }
 authors = [
-    {name = "Holger Krekel"},
-    {name = "Bruno Oliveira"},
-    {name = "Ronny Pfannschmidt"},
-    {name = "Floris Bruynooghe"},
-    {name = "Brianna Laugher"},
-    {name = "Florian Bruhin"},
-    {name = "Others (See AUTHORS)"},
+    { name = "Holger Krekel" },
+    { name = "Bruno Oliveira" },
+    { name = "Ronny Pfannschmidt" },
+    { name = "Floris Bruynooghe" },
+    { name = "Brianna Laugher" },
+    { name = "Florian Bruhin" },
+    { name = "Others (See AUTHORS)" },
 ]
 requires-python = ">=3.8"
 classifiers = [
@@ -31,7 +38,6 @@ classifiers = [
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
     "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries",
     "Topic :: Software Development :: Testing",
     "Topic :: Utilities",
@@ -40,15 +46,14 @@ dynamic = [
     "version",
 ]
 dependencies = [
-    'colorama; sys_platform == "win32"',
-    'exceptiongroup>=1.0.0rc8; python_version < "3.11"',
+    "colorama; sys_platform=='win32'",
+    "exceptiongroup>=1.0.0rc8; python_version<'3.11'",
     "iniconfig",
     "packaging",
-    "pluggy<2.0,>=1.5",
-    'tomli>=1; python_version < "3.11"',
+    "pluggy<2,>=1.5",
+    "tomli>=1; python_version<'3.11'",
 ]
-[project.optional-dependencies]
-dev = [
+optional-dependencies.dev = [
     "argcomplete",
     "attrs>=19.2",
     "hypothesis>=3.56",
@@ -58,58 +63,55 @@ dev = [
     "setuptools",
     "xmlschema",
 ]
-[project.urls]
-Changelog = "https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html"
-Homepage = "https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/"
-Source = "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest"
-Tracker = "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues"
-Twitter = "https://twitter.com/pytestdotorg"
-[project.scripts]
-"py.test" = "pytest:console_main"
-pytest = "pytest:console_main"
-
-[build-system]
-build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
-requires = [
-    "setuptools>=61",
-    "setuptools-scm[toml]>=6.2.3",
-]
+urls.Changelog = "https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html"
+urls.Homepage = "https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/"
+urls.Source = "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest"
+urls.Tracker = "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues"
+urls.Twitter = "https://twitter.com/pytestdotorg"
+scripts."py.test" = "pytest:console_main"
+scripts.pytest = "pytest:console_main"
 
 [tool.setuptools.package-data]
-"_pytest" = ["py.typed"]
-"pytest" = ["py.typed"]
+"_pytest" = [
+    "py.typed",
+]
+"pytest" = [
+    "py.typed",
+]
 
 [tool.setuptools_scm]
 write_to = "src/_pytest/_version.py"
 
 [tool.black]
-target-version = ['py38']
+target-version = [
+    'py38',
+]
 
 [tool.ruff]
-src = ["src"]
 line-length = 88
-
-[tool.ruff.format]
-docstring-code-format = true
-
-[tool.ruff.lint]
-select = [
-    "B",  # bugbear
-    "D",  # pydocstyle
-    "E",  # pycodestyle
-    "F",  # pyflakes
-    "I",  # isort
-    "PYI", # flake8-pyi
-    "UP", # pyupgrade
-    "RUF", # ruff
-    "W",  # pycodestyle
-    "PIE", # flake8-pie
-    "PGH004", # pygrep-hooks - Use specific rule codes when using noqa
-    "PLE", # pylint error
-    "PLW", # pylint warning
-    "PLR1714", # Consider merging multiple comparisons
+src = [
+    "src",
 ]
-ignore = [
+format.docstring-code-format = true
+lint.select = [
+    "B",       # bugbear
+    "D",       # pydocstyle
+    "E",       # pycodestyle
+    "F",       # pyflakes
+    "FA100",   # add future annotations
+    "I",       # isort
+    "PGH004",  # pygrep-hooks - Use specific rule codes when using noqa
+    "PIE",     # flake8-pie
+    "PLE",     # pylint error
+    "PLR1714", # Consider merging multiple comparisons
+    "PLW",     # pylint warning
+    "PYI",     # flake8-pyi
+    "RUF",     # ruff
+    "T100",    # flake8-debugger
+    "UP",      # pyupgrade
+    "W",       # pycodestyle
+]
+lint.ignore = [
     # bugbear ignore
     "B004", # Using `hasattr(x, "__call__")` to test if x is callable is unreliable.
     "B007", # Loop control variable `i` not used within loop body
@@ -117,10 +119,6 @@ ignore = [
     "B010", # [*] Do not call `setattr` with a constant attribute value.
     "B011", # Do not `assert False` (`python -O` removes these calls)
     "B028", # No explicit `stacklevel` keyword argument found
-    # pycodestyle ignore
-    # pytest can do weird low-level things, and we usually know
-    # what we're doing when we use type(..) is ...
-    "E721", # Do not compare types, use `isinstance()`
     # pydocstyle ignore
     "D100", # Missing docstring in public module
     "D101", # Missing docstring in public class
@@ -130,46 +128,59 @@ ignore = [
     "D105", # Missing docstring in magic method
     "D106", # Missing docstring in public nested class
     "D107", # Missing docstring in `__init__`
-    "D209", # [*] Multi-line docstring closing quotes should be on a separate line
     "D205", # 1 blank line required between summary line and description
+    "D209", # [*] Multi-line docstring closing quotes should be on a separate line
     "D400", # First line should end with a period
     "D401", # First line of docstring should be in imperative mood
     "D402", # First line should not be the function's signature
     "D404", # First word of the docstring should not be "This"
     "D415", # First line should end with a period, question mark, or exclamation point
+    # pytest can do weird low-level things, and we usually know
+    # what we're doing when we use type(..) is ...
+    "E721", # Do not compare types, use `isinstance()`
+    # pylint ignore
+    "PLR5501", # Use `elif` instead of `else` then `if`
+    "PLW0120", # remove the else and dedent its contents
+    "PLW0603", # Using the global statement
+    "PLW2901", # for loop variable overwritten by assignment target
     # ruff ignore
     "RUF012", # Mutable class attributes should be annotated with `typing.ClassVar`
-    # pylint ignore
-    "PLW0603",  # Using the global statement
-    "PLW0120",  # remove the else and dedent its contents
-    "PLW2901",  # for loop variable overwritten by assignment target
-    "PLR5501",  # Use `elif` instead of `else` then `if`
 ]
-
-[tool.ruff.lint.pycodestyle]
+lint.per-file-ignores."src/_pytest/_py/**/*.py" = [
+    "B",
+    "PYI",
+]
+lint.per-file-ignores."src/_pytest/_version.py" = [
+    "I001",
+]
+lint.per-file-ignores."testing/python/approx.py" = [
+    "B015",
+]
+lint.extend-safe-fixes = [
+    "UP006",
+    "UP007",
+]
+lint.isort.combine-as-imports = true
+lint.isort.force-single-line = true
+lint.isort.force-sort-within-sections = true
+lint.isort.known-local-folder = [
+    "pytest",
+    "_pytest",
+]
+lint.isort.lines-after-imports = 2
+lint.isort.order-by-type = false
+lint.isort.required-imports = [
+    "from __future__ import annotations",
+]
 # In order to be able to format for 88 char in ruff format
-max-line-length = 120
-
-[tool.ruff.lint.pydocstyle]
-convention = "pep257"
-
-[tool.ruff.lint.isort]
-force-single-line = true
-combine-as-imports = true
-force-sort-within-sections = true
-order-by-type = false
-known-local-folder = ["pytest", "_pytest"]
-lines-after-imports = 2
-
-[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
-"src/_pytest/_py/**/*.py" = ["B", "PYI"]
-"src/_pytest/_version.py" = ["I001"]
-"testing/python/approx.py" = ["B015"]
+lint.pycodestyle.max-line-length = 120
+lint.pydocstyle.convention = "pep257"
+lint.pyupgrade.keep-runtime-typing = false
 
 [tool.pylint.main]
 # Maximum number of characters on a single line.
 max-line-length = 120
-disable= [
+disable = [
     "abstract-method",
     "arguments-differ",
     "arguments-renamed",
@@ -179,28 +190,25 @@ disable= [
     "bad-mcs-method-argument",
     "broad-exception-caught",
     "broad-exception-raised",
-    "cell-var-from-loop",
+    "cell-var-from-loop",                     # B023 from ruff / flake8-bugbear
     "comparison-of-constants",
     "comparison-with-callable",
     "comparison-with-itself",
     "condition-evals-to-constant",
     "consider-using-dict-items",
-    "consider-using-enumerate",
     "consider-using-from-import",
     "consider-using-f-string",
     "consider-using-in",
-    "consider-using-sys-exit",
     "consider-using-ternary",
     "consider-using-with",
     "cyclic-import",
-    "disallowed-name",
+    "disallowed-name",                        # foo / bar are used often in tests
     "duplicate-code",
     "eval-used",
     "exec-used",
     "expression-not-assigned",
     "fixme",
     "global-statement",
-    "implicit-str-concat",
     "import-error",
     "import-outside-toplevel",
     "inconsistent-return-statements",
@@ -211,10 +219,9 @@ disable= [
     "keyword-arg-before-vararg",
     "line-too-long",
     "method-hidden",
-    "misplaced-bare-raise",
     "missing-docstring",
     "missing-timeout",
-    "multiple-statements",
+    "multiple-statements",                    # multiple-statements-on-one-line-colon (E701) from ruff
     "no-else-break",
     "no-else-continue",
     "no-else-raise",
@@ -227,6 +234,7 @@ disable= [
     "pointless-exception-statement",
     "pointless-statement",
     "pointless-string-statement",
+    "possibly-used-before-assignment",
     "protected-access",
     "raise-missing-from",
     "redefined-argument-from-local",
@@ -274,7 +282,6 @@ disable= [
     "useless-else-on-loop",
     "useless-import-alias",
     "useless-return",
-    "use-maxsplit-arg",
     "using-constant-test",
     "wrong-import-order",
 ]
@@ -290,16 +297,27 @@ indent = 4
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
 minversion = "2.0"
 addopts = "-rfEX -p pytester --strict-markers"
-python_files = ["test_*.py", "*_test.py", "testing/python/*.py"]
-python_classes = ["Test", "Acceptance"]
-python_functions = ["test"]
+python_files = [
+    "test_*.py",
+    "*_test.py",
+    "testing/python/*.py",
+]
+python_classes = [
+    "Test",
+    "Acceptance",
+]
+python_functions = [
+    "test",
+]
 # NOTE: "doc" is not included here, but gets tested explicitly via "doctesting".
-testpaths = ["testing"]
+testpaths = [
+    "testing",
+]
 norecursedirs = [
-  "testing/example_scripts",
-  ".*",
-  "build",
-  "dist",
+    "testing/example_scripts",
+    ".*",
+    "build",
+    "dist",
 ]
 xfail_strict = true
 filterwarnings = [
@@ -340,6 +358,9 @@ markers = [
     "foo",
     "bar",
     "baz",
+    "number_mark",
+    "builtin_matchers_mark",
+    "str_mark",
     # conftest.py reorders tests moving slow ones to the end of the list
     "slow",
     # experimental mark for all tests using pexpect
@@ -354,49 +375,85 @@ directory = "changelog/"
 title_format = "pytest {version} ({project_date})"
 template = "changelog/_template.rst"
 
-  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
-  directory = "breaking"
-  name = "Breaking Changes"
-  showcontent = true
+# NOTE: The types are declared because:
+# NOTE: - there is no mechanism to override just the value of
+# NOTE:   `tool.towncrier.type.misc.showcontent`;
+# NOTE: - and, we want to declare extra non-default types for
+# NOTE:   clarity and flexibility.
 
-  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
-  directory = "deprecation"
-  name = "Deprecations"
-  showcontent = true
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+# When something public gets removed in a breaking way. Could be
+# deprecated in an earlier release.
+directory = "breaking"
+name = "Removals and backward incompatible breaking changes"
+showcontent = true
 
-  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
-  directory = "feature"
-  name = "Features"
-  showcontent = true
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+# Declarations of future API removals and breaking changes in behavior.
+directory = "deprecation"
+name = "Deprecations (removal in next major release)"
+showcontent = true
 
-  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
-  directory = "improvement"
-  name = "Improvements"
-  showcontent = true
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+# New behaviors, public APIs. That sort of stuff.
+directory = "feature"
+name = "New features"
+showcontent = true
 
-  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
-  directory = "bugfix"
-  name = "Bug Fixes"
-  showcontent = true
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+# New behaviors in existing features.
+directory = "improvement"
+name = "Improvements in existing functionality"
+showcontent = true
 
-  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
-  directory = "vendor"
-  name = "Vendored Libraries"
-  showcontent = true
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+# Something we deemed an improper undesired behavior that got corrected
+# in the release to match pre-agreed expectations.
+directory = "bugfix"
+name = "Bug fixes"
+showcontent = true
 
-  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
-  directory = "doc"
-  name = "Improved Documentation"
-  showcontent = true
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+# Updates regarding bundling dependencies.
+directory = "vendor"
+name = "Vendored libraries"
+showcontent = true
 
-  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
-  directory = "trivial"
-  name = "Trivial/Internal Changes"
-  showcontent = true
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+# Notable updates to the documentation structure or build process.
+directory = "doc"
+name = "Improved documentation"
+showcontent = true
+
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+# Notes for downstreams about unobvious side effects and tooling. Changes
+# in the test invocation considerations and runtime assumptions.
+directory = "packaging"
+name = "Packaging updates and notes for downstreams"
+showcontent = true
+
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+# Stuff that affects the contributor experience. e.g. Running tests,
+# building the docs, setting up the development environment.
+directory = "contrib"
+name = "Contributor-facing changes"
+showcontent = true
+
+[[tool.towncrier.type]]
+# Changes that are hard to assign to any of the above categories.
+directory = "misc"
+name = "Miscellaneous internal changes"
+showcontent = true
 
 [tool.mypy]
-files = ["src", "testing", "scripts"]
-mypy_path = ["src"]
+files = [
+    "src",
+    "testing",
+    "scripts",
+]
+mypy_path = [
+    "src",
+]
 check_untyped_defs = true
 disallow_any_generics = true
 disallow_untyped_defs = true

scripts/generate-gh-release-notes.py

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ our CHANGELOG) into Markdown (which is required by GitHub Releases).
 Requires Python3.6+.
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from pathlib import Path
 import re
 import sys

scripts/prepare-release-pr.py

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ After that, it will create a release using the `release` tox environment, and pu
 `pytest bot <pytestbot@gmail.com>` commit author.
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import argparse
 from pathlib import Path
 import re

scripts/release.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 # mypy: disallow-untyped-defs
 """Invoke development tasks."""
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import argparse
 import os
 from pathlib import Path

scripts/towncrier-draft-to-file.py

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-# mypy: disallow-untyped-defs
-from subprocess import call
-import sys
-
-
-def main() -> int:
-    """
-    Platform-agnostic wrapper script for towncrier.
-    Fixes the issue (#7251) where Windows users are unable to natively run tox -e docs to build pytest docs.
-    """
-    with open(
-        "doc/en/_changelog_towncrier_draft.rst", "w", encoding="utf-8"
-    ) as draft_file:
-        return call(("towncrier", "--draft"), stdout=draft_file)
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    sys.exit(main())

scripts/update-plugin-list.py

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # mypy: disallow-untyped-defs
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import datetime
 import pathlib
 import re

src/_pytest/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
 __all__ = ["__version__", "version_tuple"]
 
 try:

src/_pytest/_argcomplete.py

@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ If things do not work right away:
   global argcomplete script).
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import argparse
 from glob import glob
 import os
 import sys
 from typing import Any
-from typing import List
-from typing import Optional
 
 
 class FastFilesCompleter:
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class FastFilesCompleter:
     def __init__(self, directories: bool = True) -> None:
         self.directories = directories
 
-    def __call__(self, prefix: str, **kwargs: Any) -> List[str]:
+    def __call__(self, prefix: str, **kwargs: Any) -> list[str]:
         # Only called on non option completions.
         if os.sep in prefix[1:]:
             prefix_dir = len(os.path.dirname(prefix) + os.sep)
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ if os.environ.get("_ARGCOMPLETE"):
         import argcomplete.completers
     except ImportError:
         sys.exit(-1)
-    filescompleter: Optional[FastFilesCompleter] = FastFilesCompleter()
+    filescompleter: FastFilesCompleter | None = FastFilesCompleter()
 
     def try_argcomplete(parser: argparse.ArgumentParser) -> None:
         argcomplete.autocomplete(parser, always_complete_options=False)

src/_pytest/_code/__init__.py

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 """Python inspection/code generation API."""
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from .code import Code
 from .code import ExceptionInfo
 from .code import filter_traceback

src/_pytest/_code/code.py

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import ast
 import dataclasses
 import inspect
@@ -17,7 +19,6 @@ from types import TracebackType
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import ClassVar
-from typing import Dict
 from typing import Final
 from typing import final
 from typing import Generic
@@ -25,11 +26,9 @@ from typing import Iterable
 from typing import List
 from typing import Literal
 from typing import Mapping
-from typing import Optional
 from typing import overload
 from typing import Pattern
 from typing import Sequence
-from typing import Set
 from typing import SupportsIndex
 from typing import Tuple
 from typing import Type
@@ -55,7 +54,9 @@ from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
 if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
     from exceptiongroup import BaseExceptionGroup
 
-_TracebackStyle = Literal["long", "short", "line", "no", "native", "value", "auto"]
+TracebackStyle = Literal["long", "short", "line", "no", "native", "value", "auto"]
+
+EXCEPTION_OR_MORE = Union[Type[Exception], Tuple[Type[Exception], ...]]
 
 
 class Code:
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ class Code:
         self.raw = obj
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_function(cls, obj: object) -> "Code":
+    def from_function(cls, obj: object) -> Code:
         return cls(getrawcode(obj))
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ class Code:
         return self.raw.co_name
 
     @property
-    def path(self) -> Union[Path, str]:
+    def path(self) -> Path | str:
         """Return a path object pointing to source code, or an ``str`` in
         case of ``OSError`` / non-existing file."""
         if not self.raw.co_filename:
@@ -102,17 +103,17 @@ class Code:
             return self.raw.co_filename
 
     @property
-    def fullsource(self) -> Optional["Source"]:
+    def fullsource(self) -> Source | None:
         """Return a _pytest._code.Source object for the full source file of the code."""
         full, _ = findsource(self.raw)
         return full
 
-    def source(self) -> "Source":
+    def source(self) -> Source:
         """Return a _pytest._code.Source object for the code object's source only."""
         # return source only for that part of code
         return Source(self.raw)
 
-    def getargs(self, var: bool = False) -> Tuple[str, ...]:
+    def getargs(self, var: bool = False) -> tuple[str, ...]:
         """Return a tuple with the argument names for the code object.
 
         If 'var' is set True also return the names of the variable and
@@ -141,11 +142,11 @@ class Frame:
         return self.raw.f_lineno - 1
 
     @property
-    def f_globals(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    def f_globals(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
         return self.raw.f_globals
 
     @property
-    def f_locals(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    def f_locals(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
         return self.raw.f_locals
 
     @property
@@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ class Frame:
         return Code(self.raw.f_code)
 
     @property
-    def statement(self) -> "Source":
+    def statement(self) -> Source:
         """Statement this frame is at."""
         if self.code.fullsource is None:
             return Source("")
@@ -197,14 +198,14 @@ class TracebackEntry:
     def __init__(
         self,
         rawentry: TracebackType,
-        repr_style: Optional['Literal["short", "long"]'] = None,
+        repr_style: Literal["short", "long"] | None = None,
     ) -> None:
-        self._rawentry: "Final" = rawentry
-        self._repr_style: "Final" = repr_style
+        self._rawentry: Final = rawentry
+        self._repr_style: Final = repr_style
 
     def with_repr_style(
-        self, repr_style: Optional['Literal["short", "long"]']
-    ) -> "TracebackEntry":
+        self, repr_style: Literal["short", "long"] | None
+    ) -> TracebackEntry:
         return TracebackEntry(self._rawentry, repr_style)
 
     @property
@@ -223,19 +224,19 @@ class TracebackEntry:
         return "<TracebackEntry %s:%d>" % (self.frame.code.path, self.lineno + 1)
 
     @property
-    def statement(self) -> "Source":
+    def statement(self) -> Source:
         """_pytest._code.Source object for the current statement."""
         source = self.frame.code.fullsource
         assert source is not None
         return source.getstatement(self.lineno)
 
     @property
-    def path(self) -> Union[Path, str]:
+    def path(self) -> Path | str:
         """Path to the source code."""
         return self.frame.code.path
 
     @property
-    def locals(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    def locals(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
         """Locals of underlying frame."""
         return self.frame.f_locals
 
@@ -243,8 +244,8 @@ class TracebackEntry:
         return self.frame.code.firstlineno
 
     def getsource(
-        self, astcache: Optional[Dict[Union[str, Path], ast.AST]] = None
-    ) -> Optional["Source"]:
+        self, astcache: dict[str | Path, ast.AST] | None = None
+    ) -> Source | None:
         """Return failing source code."""
         # we use the passed in astcache to not reparse asttrees
         # within exception info printing
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ class TracebackEntry:
 
     source = property(getsource)
 
-    def ishidden(self, excinfo: Optional["ExceptionInfo[BaseException]"]) -> bool:
+    def ishidden(self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | None) -> bool:
         """Return True if the current frame has a var __tracebackhide__
         resolving to True.
 
@@ -279,9 +280,7 @@ class TracebackEntry:
 
         Mostly for internal use.
         """
-        tbh: Union[bool, Callable[[Optional[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]]], bool]] = (
-            False
-        )
+        tbh: bool | Callable[[ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | None], bool] = False
         for maybe_ns_dct in (self.frame.f_locals, self.frame.f_globals):
             # in normal cases, f_locals and f_globals are dictionaries
             # however via `exec(...)` / `eval(...)` they can be other types
@@ -326,13 +325,13 @@ class Traceback(List[TracebackEntry]):
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        tb: Union[TracebackType, Iterable[TracebackEntry]],
+        tb: TracebackType | Iterable[TracebackEntry],
     ) -> None:
         """Initialize from given python traceback object and ExceptionInfo."""
         if isinstance(tb, TracebackType):
 
             def f(cur: TracebackType) -> Iterable[TracebackEntry]:
-                cur_: Optional[TracebackType] = cur
+                cur_: TracebackType | None = cur
                 while cur_ is not None:
                     yield TracebackEntry(cur_)
                     cur_ = cur_.tb_next
@@ -343,11 +342,11 @@ class Traceback(List[TracebackEntry]):
 
     def cut(
         self,
-        path: Optional[Union["os.PathLike[str]", str]] = None,
-        lineno: Optional[int] = None,
-        firstlineno: Optional[int] = None,
-        excludepath: Optional["os.PathLike[str]"] = None,
-    ) -> "Traceback":
+        path: os.PathLike[str] | str | None = None,
+        lineno: int | None = None,
+        firstlineno: int | None = None,
+        excludepath: os.PathLike[str] | None = None,
+    ) -> Traceback:
         """Return a Traceback instance wrapping part of this Traceback.
 
         By providing any combination of path, lineno and firstlineno, the
@@ -378,14 +377,12 @@ class Traceback(List[TracebackEntry]):
         return self
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, key: "SupportsIndex") -> TracebackEntry: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, key: SupportsIndex) -> TracebackEntry: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, key: slice) -> "Traceback": ...
+    def __getitem__(self, key: slice) -> Traceback: ...
 
-    def __getitem__(
-        self, key: Union["SupportsIndex", slice]
-    ) -> Union[TracebackEntry, "Traceback"]:
+    def __getitem__(self, key: SupportsIndex | slice) -> TracebackEntry | Traceback:
         if isinstance(key, slice):
             return self.__class__(super().__getitem__(key))
         else:
@@ -393,12 +390,9 @@ class Traceback(List[TracebackEntry]):
 
     def filter(
         self,
-        excinfo_or_fn: Union[
-            "ExceptionInfo[BaseException]",
-            Callable[[TracebackEntry], bool],
-        ],
+        excinfo_or_fn: ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | Callable[[TracebackEntry], bool],
         /,
-    ) -> "Traceback":
+    ) -> Traceback:
         """Return a Traceback instance with certain items removed.
 
         If the filter is an `ExceptionInfo`, removes all the ``TracebackEntry``s
@@ -414,10 +408,10 @@ class Traceback(List[TracebackEntry]):
             fn = excinfo_or_fn
         return Traceback(filter(fn, self))
 
-    def recursionindex(self) -> Optional[int]:
+    def recursionindex(self) -> int | None:
         """Return the index of the frame/TracebackEntry where recursion originates if
         appropriate, None if no recursion occurred."""
-        cache: Dict[Tuple[Any, int, int], List[Dict[str, Any]]] = {}
+        cache: dict[tuple[Any, int, int], list[dict[str, Any]]] = {}
         for i, entry in enumerate(self):
             # id for the code.raw is needed to work around
             # the strange metaprogramming in the decorator lib from pypi
@@ -445,15 +439,15 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
 
     _assert_start_repr: ClassVar = "AssertionError('assert "
 
-    _excinfo: Optional[Tuple[Type["E"], "E", TracebackType]]
+    _excinfo: tuple[type[E], E, TracebackType] | None
     _striptext: str
-    _traceback: Optional[Traceback]
+    _traceback: Traceback | None
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        excinfo: Optional[Tuple[Type["E"], "E", TracebackType]],
+        excinfo: tuple[type[E], E, TracebackType] | None,
         striptext: str = "",
-        traceback: Optional[Traceback] = None,
+        traceback: Traceback | None = None,
         *,
         _ispytest: bool = False,
     ) -> None:
@@ -469,8 +463,8 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
         # This is OK to ignore because this class is (conceptually) readonly.
         # See https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/7049.
         exception: E,  # type: ignore[misc]
-        exprinfo: Optional[str] = None,
-    ) -> "ExceptionInfo[E]":
+        exprinfo: str | None = None,
+    ) -> ExceptionInfo[E]:
         """Return an ExceptionInfo for an existing exception.
 
         The exception must have a non-``None`` ``__traceback__`` attribute,
@@ -495,9 +489,9 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
     @classmethod
     def from_exc_info(
         cls,
-        exc_info: Tuple[Type[E], E, TracebackType],
-        exprinfo: Optional[str] = None,
-    ) -> "ExceptionInfo[E]":
+        exc_info: tuple[type[E], E, TracebackType],
+        exprinfo: str | None = None,
+    ) -> ExceptionInfo[E]:
         """Like :func:`from_exception`, but using old-style exc_info tuple."""
         _striptext = ""
         if exprinfo is None and isinstance(exc_info[1], AssertionError):
@@ -510,9 +504,7 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
         return cls(exc_info, _striptext, _ispytest=True)
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_current(
-        cls, exprinfo: Optional[str] = None
-    ) -> "ExceptionInfo[BaseException]":
+    def from_current(cls, exprinfo: str | None = None) -> ExceptionInfo[BaseException]:
         """Return an ExceptionInfo matching the current traceback.
 
         .. warning::
@@ -532,17 +524,17 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
         return ExceptionInfo.from_exc_info(exc_info, exprinfo)
 
     @classmethod
-    def for_later(cls) -> "ExceptionInfo[E]":
+    def for_later(cls) -> ExceptionInfo[E]:
         """Return an unfilled ExceptionInfo."""
         return cls(None, _ispytest=True)
 
-    def fill_unfilled(self, exc_info: Tuple[Type[E], E, TracebackType]) -> None:
+    def fill_unfilled(self, exc_info: tuple[type[E], E, TracebackType]) -> None:
         """Fill an unfilled ExceptionInfo created with ``for_later()``."""
         assert self._excinfo is None, "ExceptionInfo was already filled"
         self._excinfo = exc_info
 
     @property
-    def type(self) -> Type[E]:
+    def type(self) -> type[E]:
         """The exception class."""
         assert (
             self._excinfo is not None
@@ -605,16 +597,14 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
                 text = text[len(self._striptext) :]
         return text
 
-    def errisinstance(
-        self, exc: Union[Type[BaseException], Tuple[Type[BaseException], ...]]
-    ) -> bool:
+    def errisinstance(self, exc: EXCEPTION_OR_MORE) -> bool:
         """Return True if the exception is an instance of exc.
 
         Consider using ``isinstance(excinfo.value, exc)`` instead.
         """
         return isinstance(self.value, exc)
 
-    def _getreprcrash(self) -> Optional["ReprFileLocation"]:
+    def _getreprcrash(self) -> ReprFileLocation | None:
         # Find last non-hidden traceback entry that led to the exception of the
         # traceback, or None if all hidden.
         for i in range(-1, -len(self.traceback) - 1, -1):
@@ -628,15 +618,15 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
     def getrepr(
         self,
         showlocals: bool = False,
-        style: _TracebackStyle = "long",
+        style: TracebackStyle = "long",
         abspath: bool = False,
-        tbfilter: Union[
-            bool, Callable[["ExceptionInfo[BaseException]"], Traceback]
-        ] = True,
+        tbfilter: bool
+        | Callable[[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]], _pytest._code.code.Traceback] = True,
         funcargs: bool = False,
         truncate_locals: bool = True,
+        truncate_args: bool = True,
         chain: bool = True,
-    ) -> Union["ReprExceptionInfo", "ExceptionChainRepr"]:
+    ) -> ReprExceptionInfo | ExceptionChainRepr:
         """Return str()able representation of this exception info.
 
         :param bool showlocals:
@@ -665,6 +655,9 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
         :param bool truncate_locals:
             With ``showlocals==True``, make sure locals can be safely represented as strings.
 
+        :param bool truncate_args:
+            With ``showargs==True``, make sure args can be safely represented as strings.
+
         :param bool chain:
             If chained exceptions in Python 3 should be shown.
 
@@ -691,6 +684,7 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
             tbfilter=tbfilter,
             funcargs=funcargs,
             truncate_locals=truncate_locals,
+            truncate_args=truncate_args,
             chain=chain,
         )
         return fmt.repr_excinfo(self)
@@ -714,7 +708,7 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
             ]
         )
 
-    def match(self, regexp: Union[str, Pattern[str]]) -> "Literal[True]":
+    def match(self, regexp: str | Pattern[str]) -> Literal[True]:
         """Check whether the regular expression `regexp` matches the string
         representation of the exception using :func:`python:re.search`.
 
@@ -732,9 +726,9 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
     def _group_contains(
         self,
         exc_group: BaseExceptionGroup[BaseException],
-        expected_exception: Union[Type[BaseException], Tuple[Type[BaseException], ...]],
-        match: Union[str, Pattern[str], None],
-        target_depth: Optional[int] = None,
+        expected_exception: EXCEPTION_OR_MORE,
+        match: str | Pattern[str] | None,
+        target_depth: int | None = None,
         current_depth: int = 1,
     ) -> bool:
         """Return `True` if a `BaseExceptionGroup` contains a matching exception."""
@@ -761,10 +755,10 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
 
     def group_contains(
         self,
-        expected_exception: Union[Type[BaseException], Tuple[Type[BaseException], ...]],
+        expected_exception: EXCEPTION_OR_MORE,
         *,
-        match: Union[str, Pattern[str], None] = None,
-        depth: Optional[int] = None,
+        match: str | Pattern[str] | None = None,
+        depth: int | None = None,
     ) -> bool:
         """Check whether a captured exception group contains a matching exception.
 
@@ -804,17 +798,18 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
     fail_marker: ClassVar = "E"
 
     showlocals: bool = False
-    style: _TracebackStyle = "long"
+    style: TracebackStyle = "long"
     abspath: bool = True
-    tbfilter: Union[bool, Callable[[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]], Traceback]] = True
+    tbfilter: bool | Callable[[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]], Traceback] = True
     funcargs: bool = False
     truncate_locals: bool = True
+    truncate_args: bool = True
     chain: bool = True
-    astcache: Dict[Union[str, Path], ast.AST] = dataclasses.field(
+    astcache: dict[str | Path, ast.AST] = dataclasses.field(
         default_factory=dict, init=False, repr=False
     )
 
-    def _getindent(self, source: "Source") -> int:
+    def _getindent(self, source: Source) -> int:
         # Figure out indent for the given source.
         try:
             s = str(source.getstatement(len(source) - 1))
@@ -829,27 +824,31 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
                 return 0
         return 4 + (len(s) - len(s.lstrip()))
 
-    def _getentrysource(self, entry: TracebackEntry) -> Optional["Source"]:
+    def _getentrysource(self, entry: TracebackEntry) -> Source | None:
         source = entry.getsource(self.astcache)
         if source is not None:
             source = source.deindent()
         return source
 
-    def repr_args(self, entry: TracebackEntry) -> Optional["ReprFuncArgs"]:
+    def repr_args(self, entry: TracebackEntry) -> ReprFuncArgs | None:
         if self.funcargs:
             args = []
             for argname, argvalue in entry.frame.getargs(var=True):
-                args.append((argname, saferepr(argvalue)))
+                if self.truncate_args:
+                    str_repr = saferepr(argvalue)
+                else:
+                    str_repr = saferepr(argvalue, maxsize=None)
+                args.append((argname, str_repr))
             return ReprFuncArgs(args)
         return None
 
     def get_source(
         self,
-        source: Optional["Source"],
+        source: Source | None,
         line_index: int = -1,
-        excinfo: Optional[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]] = None,
+        excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | None = None,
         short: bool = False,
-    ) -> List[str]:
+    ) -> list[str]:
         """Return formatted and marked up source lines."""
         lines = []
         if source is not None and line_index < 0:
@@ -878,7 +877,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
         excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException],
         indent: int = 4,
         markall: bool = False,
-    ) -> List[str]:
+    ) -> list[str]:
         lines = []
         indentstr = " " * indent
         # Get the real exception information out.
@@ -890,7 +889,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
                 failindent = indentstr
         return lines
 
-    def repr_locals(self, locals: Mapping[str, object]) -> Optional["ReprLocals"]:
+    def repr_locals(self, locals: Mapping[str, object]) -> ReprLocals | None:
         if self.showlocals:
             lines = []
             keys = [loc for loc in locals if loc[0] != "@"]
@@ -918,10 +917,10 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
 
     def repr_traceback_entry(
         self,
-        entry: Optional[TracebackEntry],
-        excinfo: Optional[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]] = None,
-    ) -> "ReprEntry":
-        lines: List[str] = []
+        entry: TracebackEntry | None,
+        excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | None = None,
+    ) -> ReprEntry:
+        lines: list[str] = []
         style = (
             entry._repr_style
             if entry is not None and entry._repr_style is not None
@@ -939,7 +938,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
             s = self.get_source(source, line_index, excinfo, short=short)
             lines.extend(s)
             if short:
-                message = "in %s" % (entry.name)
+                message = f"in {entry.name}"
             else:
                 message = excinfo and excinfo.typename or ""
             entry_path = entry.path
@@ -956,7 +955,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
                 lines.extend(self.get_exconly(excinfo, indent=4))
             return ReprEntry(lines, None, None, None, style)
 
-    def _makepath(self, path: Union[Path, str]) -> str:
+    def _makepath(self, path: Path | str) -> str:
         if not self.abspath and isinstance(path, Path):
             try:
                 np = bestrelpath(Path.cwd(), path)
@@ -966,7 +965,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
                 return np
         return str(path)
 
-    def repr_traceback(self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]) -> "ReprTraceback":
+    def repr_traceback(self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]) -> ReprTraceback:
         traceback = excinfo.traceback
         if callable(self.tbfilter):
             traceback = self.tbfilter(excinfo)
@@ -997,7 +996,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
 
     def _truncate_recursive_traceback(
         self, traceback: Traceback
-    ) -> Tuple[Traceback, Optional[str]]:
+    ) -> tuple[Traceback, str | None]:
         """Truncate the given recursive traceback trying to find the starting
         point of the recursion.
 
@@ -1014,7 +1013,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
             recursionindex = traceback.recursionindex()
         except Exception as e:
             max_frames = 10
-            extraline: Optional[str] = (
+            extraline: str | None = (
                 "!!! Recursion error detected, but an error occurred locating the origin of recursion.\n"
                 "  The following exception happened when comparing locals in the stack frame:\n"
                 f"    {type(e).__name__}: {e!s}\n"
@@ -1032,16 +1031,12 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
 
         return traceback, extraline
 
-    def repr_excinfo(
-        self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]
-    ) -> "ExceptionChainRepr":
-        repr_chain: List[
-            Tuple[ReprTraceback, Optional[ReprFileLocation], Optional[str]]
-        ] = []
-        e: Optional[BaseException] = excinfo.value
-        excinfo_: Optional[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]] = excinfo
+    def repr_excinfo(self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]) -> ExceptionChainRepr:
+        repr_chain: list[tuple[ReprTraceback, ReprFileLocation | None, str | None]] = []
+        e: BaseException | None = excinfo.value
+        excinfo_: ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | None = excinfo
         descr = None
-        seen: Set[int] = set()
+        seen: set[int] = set()
         while e is not None and id(e) not in seen:
             seen.add(id(e))
 
@@ -1050,7 +1045,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
                 # full support for exception groups added to ExceptionInfo.
                 # See https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9159
                 if isinstance(e, BaseExceptionGroup):
-                    reprtraceback: Union[ReprTracebackNative, ReprTraceback] = (
+                    reprtraceback: ReprTracebackNative | ReprTraceback = (
                         ReprTracebackNative(
                             traceback.format_exception(
                                 type(excinfo_.value),
@@ -1108,9 +1103,9 @@ class TerminalRepr:
 @dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ExceptionRepr(TerminalRepr):
     # Provided by subclasses.
-    reprtraceback: "ReprTraceback"
-    reprcrash: Optional["ReprFileLocation"]
-    sections: List[Tuple[str, str, str]] = dataclasses.field(
+    reprtraceback: ReprTraceback
+    reprcrash: ReprFileLocation | None
+    sections: list[tuple[str, str, str]] = dataclasses.field(
         init=False, default_factory=list
     )
 
@@ -1125,13 +1120,11 @@ class ExceptionRepr(TerminalRepr):
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ExceptionChainRepr(ExceptionRepr):
-    chain: Sequence[Tuple["ReprTraceback", Optional["ReprFileLocation"], Optional[str]]]
+    chain: Sequence[tuple[ReprTraceback, ReprFileLocation | None, str | None]]
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        chain: Sequence[
-            Tuple["ReprTraceback", Optional["ReprFileLocation"], Optional[str]]
-        ],
+        chain: Sequence[tuple[ReprTraceback, ReprFileLocation | None, str | None]],
     ) -> None:
         # reprcrash and reprtraceback of the outermost (the newest) exception
         # in the chain.
@@ -1152,8 +1145,8 @@ class ExceptionChainRepr(ExceptionRepr):
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ReprExceptionInfo(ExceptionRepr):
-    reprtraceback: "ReprTraceback"
-    reprcrash: Optional["ReprFileLocation"]
+    reprtraceback: ReprTraceback
+    reprcrash: ReprFileLocation | None
 
     def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
         self.reprtraceback.toterminal(tw)
@@ -1162,9 +1155,9 @@ class ReprExceptionInfo(ExceptionRepr):
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ReprTraceback(TerminalRepr):
-    reprentries: Sequence[Union["ReprEntry", "ReprEntryNative"]]
-    extraline: Optional[str]
-    style: _TracebackStyle
+    reprentries: Sequence[ReprEntry | ReprEntryNative]
+    extraline: str | None
+    style: TracebackStyle
 
     entrysep: ClassVar = "_ "
 
@@ -1198,7 +1191,7 @@ class ReprTracebackNative(ReprTraceback):
 class ReprEntryNative(TerminalRepr):
     lines: Sequence[str]
 
-    style: ClassVar[_TracebackStyle] = "native"
+    style: ClassVar[TracebackStyle] = "native"
 
     def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
         tw.write("".join(self.lines))
@@ -1207,10 +1200,10 @@ class ReprEntryNative(TerminalRepr):
 @dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ReprEntry(TerminalRepr):
     lines: Sequence[str]
-    reprfuncargs: Optional["ReprFuncArgs"]
-    reprlocals: Optional["ReprLocals"]
-    reprfileloc: Optional["ReprFileLocation"]
-    style: _TracebackStyle
+    reprfuncargs: ReprFuncArgs | None
+    reprlocals: ReprLocals | None
+    reprfileloc: ReprFileLocation | None
+    style: TracebackStyle
 
     def _write_entry_lines(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
         """Write the source code portions of a list of traceback entries with syntax highlighting.
@@ -1233,9 +1226,9 @@ class ReprEntry(TerminalRepr):
         # such as ">   assert 0"
         fail_marker = f"{FormattedExcinfo.fail_marker}   "
         indent_size = len(fail_marker)
-        indents: List[str] = []
-        source_lines: List[str] = []
-        failure_lines: List[str] = []
+        indents: list[str] = []
+        source_lines: list[str] = []
+        failure_lines: list[str] = []
         for index, line in enumerate(self.lines):
             is_failure_line = line.startswith(fail_marker)
             if is_failure_line:
@@ -1314,7 +1307,7 @@ class ReprLocals(TerminalRepr):
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ReprFuncArgs(TerminalRepr):
-    args: Sequence[Tuple[str, object]]
+    args: Sequence[tuple[str, object]]
 
     def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
         if self.args:
@@ -1335,7 +1328,7 @@ class ReprFuncArgs(TerminalRepr):
             tw.line("")
 
 
-def getfslineno(obj: object) -> Tuple[Union[str, Path], int]:
+def getfslineno(obj: object) -> tuple[str | Path, int]:
     """Return source location (path, lineno) for the given object.
 
     If the source cannot be determined return ("", -1).

src/_pytest/_code/source.py

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 # mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import ast
 from bisect import bisect_right
 import inspect
@@ -7,11 +9,7 @@ import tokenize
 import types
 from typing import Iterable
 from typing import Iterator
-from typing import List
-from typing import Optional
 from typing import overload
-from typing import Tuple
-from typing import Union
 import warnings
 
 
@@ -23,7 +21,7 @@ class Source:
 
     def __init__(self, obj: object = None) -> None:
         if not obj:
-            self.lines: List[str] = []
+            self.lines: list[str] = []
         elif isinstance(obj, Source):
             self.lines = obj.lines
         elif isinstance(obj, (tuple, list)):
@@ -50,9 +48,9 @@ class Source:
     def __getitem__(self, key: int) -> str: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, key: slice) -> "Source": ...
+    def __getitem__(self, key: slice) -> Source: ...
 
-    def __getitem__(self, key: Union[int, slice]) -> Union[str, "Source"]:
+    def __getitem__(self, key: int | slice) -> str | Source:
         if isinstance(key, int):
             return self.lines[key]
         else:
@@ -68,7 +66,7 @@ class Source:
     def __len__(self) -> int:
         return len(self.lines)
 
-    def strip(self) -> "Source":
+    def strip(self) -> Source:
         """Return new Source object with trailing and leading blank lines removed."""
         start, end = 0, len(self)
         while start < end and not self.lines[start].strip():
@@ -79,20 +77,20 @@ class Source:
         source.lines[:] = self.lines[start:end]
         return source
 
-    def indent(self, indent: str = " " * 4) -> "Source":
+    def indent(self, indent: str = " " * 4) -> Source:
         """Return a copy of the source object with all lines indented by the
         given indent-string."""
         newsource = Source()
         newsource.lines = [(indent + line) for line in self.lines]
         return newsource
 
-    def getstatement(self, lineno: int) -> "Source":
+    def getstatement(self, lineno: int) -> Source:
         """Return Source statement which contains the given linenumber
         (counted from 0)."""
         start, end = self.getstatementrange(lineno)
         return self[start:end]
 
-    def getstatementrange(self, lineno: int) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    def getstatementrange(self, lineno: int) -> tuple[int, int]:
         """Return (start, end) tuple which spans the minimal statement region
         which containing the given lineno."""
         if not (0 <= lineno < len(self)):
@@ -100,7 +98,7 @@ class Source:
         ast, start, end = getstatementrange_ast(lineno, self)
         return start, end
 
-    def deindent(self) -> "Source":
+    def deindent(self) -> Source:
         """Return a new Source object deindented."""
         newsource = Source()
         newsource.lines[:] = deindent(self.lines)
@@ -115,7 +113,7 @@ class Source:
 #
 
 
-def findsource(obj) -> Tuple[Optional[Source], int]:
+def findsource(obj) -> tuple[Source | None, int]:
     try:
         sourcelines, lineno = inspect.findsource(obj)
     except Exception:
@@ -138,14 +136,14 @@ def getrawcode(obj: object, trycall: bool = True) -> types.CodeType:
     raise TypeError(f"could not get code object for {obj!r}")
 
 
-def deindent(lines: Iterable[str]) -> List[str]:
+def deindent(lines: Iterable[str]) -> list[str]:
     return textwrap.dedent("\n".join(lines)).splitlines()
 
 
-def get_statement_startend2(lineno: int, node: ast.AST) -> Tuple[int, Optional[int]]:
+def get_statement_startend2(lineno: int, node: ast.AST) -> tuple[int, int | None]:
     # Flatten all statements and except handlers into one lineno-list.
     # AST's line numbers start indexing at 1.
-    values: List[int] = []
+    values: list[int] = []
     for x in ast.walk(node):
         if isinstance(x, (ast.stmt, ast.ExceptHandler)):
             # The lineno points to the class/def, so need to include the decorators.
@@ -154,7 +152,7 @@ def get_statement_startend2(lineno: int, node: ast.AST) -> Tuple[int, Optional[i
                     values.append(d.lineno - 1)
             values.append(x.lineno - 1)
             for name in ("finalbody", "orelse"):
-                val: Optional[List[ast.stmt]] = getattr(x, name, None)
+                val: list[ast.stmt] | None = getattr(x, name, None)
                 if val:
                     # Treat the finally/orelse part as its own statement.
                     values.append(val[0].lineno - 1 - 1)
@@ -172,8 +170,8 @@ def getstatementrange_ast(
     lineno: int,
     source: Source,
     assertion: bool = False,
-    astnode: Optional[ast.AST] = None,
-) -> Tuple[ast.AST, int, int]:
+    astnode: ast.AST | None = None,
+) -> tuple[ast.AST, int, int]:
     if astnode is None:
         content = str(source)
         # See #4260: