Merge pull request #12055 from bluetech/cherry-pick-release

Cherry-pick 8.1.0 release notes

.git-blame-ignore-revs

@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@ afc607cfd81458d4e4f3b1f3cf8cc931b933907e
 5f95dce95602921a70bfbc7d8de2f7712c5e4505
 # ran pyupgrade-docs again
 75d0b899bbb56d6849e9d69d83a9426ed3f43f8b
-
 # move argument parser to own file
 c9df77cbd6a365dcb73c39618e4842711817e871
+# Replace reorder-python-imports by isort due to black incompatibility (#11896)
+8b54596639f41dfac070030ef20394b9001fe63c
+# Run blacken-docs with black's 2024's style
+4546d5445aaefe6a03957db028c263521dfb5c4b
+# Migration to ruff / ruff format
+4588653b2497ed25976b7aaff225b889fb476756

.github/workflows/backport.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
       pull-requests: write
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
         persist-credentials: true

.github/workflows/deploy.yml

@@ -1,60 +1,101 @@
 name: deploy
 
 on:
-  push:
-    tags:
-      # These tags are protected, see:
-      # https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/settings/tag_protection
-      - "[0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]+"
-      - "[0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]+rc[0-9]+"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      version:
+        description: 'Release version'
+        required: true
+        default: '1.2.3'
 
 
 # Set permissions at the job level.
 permissions: {}
 
 jobs:
-
-  deploy:
-    if: github.repository == 'pytest-dev/pytest'
-
+  package:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 30
-    permissions:
-      contents: write
+    env:
+      SETUPTOOLS_SCM_PRETEND_VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
+    timeout-minutes: 10
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
         persist-credentials: false
 
     - name: Build and Check Package
-      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v1.5
+      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2.0.1
+
+  deploy:
+    if: github.repository == 'pytest-dev/pytest'
+    needs: [package]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    environment: deploy
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    permissions:
+      id-token: write
+      contents: write
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
     - name: Download Package
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: Packages
         path: dist
 
     - name: Publish package to PyPI
-      uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1
+      uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@v1.8.11
+
+    - name: Push tag
+      run: |
+        git config user.name "pytest bot"
+        git config user.email "pytestbot@gmail.com"
+        git tag --annotate --message=v${{ github.event.inputs.version }} ${{ github.event.inputs.version }} ${{ github.sha }}
+        git push origin ${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
+
+  release-notes:
+
+    # todo: generate the content in the build  job
+    #       the goal being of using a github action script to push the release data
+    #       after success instead of creating a complete python/tox env
+    needs: [deploy]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
-        password: ${{ secrets.pypi_token }}
+        fetch-depth: 0
+        persist-credentials: false
+
+    - name: Download Package
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: Packages
+        path: dist
 
     - name: Set up Python
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       with:
-        python-version: "3.7"
+        python-version: "3.11"
 
     - name: Install tox
       run: |
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
         pip install --upgrade tox
 
-    - name: Publish GitHub release notes
-      env:
-        GH_RELEASE_NOTES_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+    - name: Generate release notes
       run: |
         sudo apt-get install pandoc
-        tox -e publish-gh-release-notes
+        tox -e generate-gh-release-notes -- ${{ github.event.inputs.version }} scripts/latest-release-notes.md
+
+    - name: Publish GitHub Release
+      uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v1
+      with:
+        body_path: scripts/latest-release-notes.md
+        files: dist/*
+        tag_name: ${{ github.event.inputs.version }}

.github/workflows/prepare-release-pr.yml

@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ jobs:
       pull-requests: write
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
 
     - name: Set up Python
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       with:
         python-version: "3.8"
 

.github/workflows/stale.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       issues: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/stale@v8
+      - uses: actions/stale@v9
         with:
           debug-only: false
           days-before-issue-stale: 14

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -27,7 +27,19 @@ concurrency:
 permissions: {}
 
 jobs:
+  package:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 0
+        persist-credentials: false
+    - name: Build and Check Package
+      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2.0.1
+
   build:
+    needs: [package]
+
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     timeout-minutes: 45
     permissions:
@@ -37,48 +49,41 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         name: [
-          "windows-py37",
-          "windows-py37-pluggy",
           "windows-py38",
+          "windows-py38-pluggy",
           "windows-py39",
           "windows-py310",
           "windows-py311",
           "windows-py312",
 
-          "ubuntu-py37",
-          "ubuntu-py37-pluggy",
-          "ubuntu-py37-freeze",
           "ubuntu-py38",
+          "ubuntu-py38-pluggy",
+          "ubuntu-py38-freeze",
           "ubuntu-py39",
           "ubuntu-py310",
           "ubuntu-py311",
           "ubuntu-py312",
           "ubuntu-pypy3",
 
-          "macos-py37",
+          "macos-py38",
           "macos-py39",
           "macos-py310",
           "macos-py312",
 
-          "docs",
           "doctesting",
           "plugins",
         ]
 
         include:
-          - name: "windows-py37"
-            python: "3.7"
-            os: windows-latest
-            tox_env: "py37-numpy"
-          - name: "windows-py37-pluggy"
-            python: "3.7"
-            os: windows-latest
-            tox_env: "py37-pluggymain-pylib-xdist"
           - name: "windows-py38"
             python: "3.8"
             os: windows-latest
             tox_env: "py38-unittestextras"
             use_coverage: true
+          - name: "windows-py38-pluggy"
+            python: "3.8"
+            os: windows-latest
+            tox_env: "py38-pluggymain-pylib-xdist"
           - name: "windows-py39"
             python: "3.9"
             os: windows-latest
@@ -96,23 +101,19 @@ jobs:
             os: windows-latest
             tox_env: "py312"
 
-          - name: "ubuntu-py37"
-            python: "3.7"
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            tox_env: "py37-lsof-numpy-pexpect"
-            use_coverage: true
-          - name: "ubuntu-py37-pluggy"
-            python: "3.7"
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            tox_env: "py37-pluggymain-pylib-xdist"
-          - name: "ubuntu-py37-freeze"
-            python: "3.7"
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            tox_env: "py37-freeze"
           - name: "ubuntu-py38"
             python: "3.8"
             os: ubuntu-latest
-            tox_env: "py38-xdist"
+            tox_env: "py38-lsof-numpy-pexpect"
+            use_coverage: true
+          - name: "ubuntu-py38-pluggy"
+            python: "3.8"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            tox_env: "py38-pluggymain-pylib-xdist"
+          - name: "ubuntu-py38-freeze"
+            python: "3.8"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            tox_env: "py38-freeze"
           - name: "ubuntu-py39"
             python: "3.9"
             os: ubuntu-latest
@@ -132,14 +133,14 @@ jobs:
             tox_env: "py312"
             use_coverage: true
           - name: "ubuntu-pypy3"
-            python: "pypy-3.7"
+            python: "pypy-3.8"
             os: ubuntu-latest
             tox_env: "pypy3-xdist"
 
-          - name: "macos-py37"
-            python: "3.7"
+          - name: "macos-py38"
+            python: "3.8"
             os: macos-latest
-            tox_env: "py37-xdist"
+            tox_env: "py38-xdist"
           - name: "macos-py39"
             python: "3.9"
             os: macos-latest
@@ -155,28 +156,30 @@ jobs:
             tox_env: "py312-xdist"
 
           - name: "plugins"
-            python: "3.9"
+            python: "3.12"
             os: ubuntu-latest
             tox_env: "plugins"
 
-          - name: "docs"
-            python: "3.7"
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            tox_env: "docs"
           - name: "doctesting"
-            python: "3.7"
+            python: "3.8"
             os: ubuntu-latest
             tox_env: "doctesting"
             use_coverage: true
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
         persist-credentials: false
 
+    - name: Download Package
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: Packages
+        path: dist
+
     - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python }}
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}
         check-latest: ${{ endsWith(matrix.python, '-dev') }}
@@ -188,11 +191,13 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: Test without coverage
       if: "! matrix.use_coverage"
-      run: "tox -e ${{ matrix.tox_env }}"
+      shell: bash
+      run: tox run -e ${{ matrix.tox_env }} --installpkg `find dist/*.tar.gz`
 
     - name: Test with coverage
       if: "matrix.use_coverage"
-      run: "tox -e ${{ matrix.tox_env }}-coverage"
+      shell: bash
+      run: tox run -e ${{ matrix.tox_env }}-coverage --installpkg `find dist/*.tar.gz`
 
     - name: Generate coverage report
       if: "matrix.use_coverage"
@@ -200,16 +205,9 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
       if: "matrix.use_coverage"
-      uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
+      uses: codecov/codecov-action@v4
       continue-on-error: true
       with:
         fail_ci_if_error: true
         files: ./coverage.xml
         verbose: true
-
-  check-package:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - name: Build and Check Package
-      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v1.5

.github/workflows/update-plugin-list.yml

@@ -20,25 +20,33 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
 
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
-          python-version: 3.8
+          python-version: "3.11"
+          cache: pip
+      - name: requests-cache
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: ~/.cache/pytest-plugin-list/
+          key: plugins-http-cache-${{ github.run_id }} # Can use time based key as well
+          restore-keys: plugins-http-cache-
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
           python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-          pip install packaging requests tabulate[widechars] tqdm
+          pip install packaging requests tabulate[widechars] tqdm requests-cache platformdirs
+
 
       - name: Update Plugin List
         run: python scripts/update-plugin-list.py
 
       - name: Create Pull Request
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@153407881ec5c347639a548ade7d8ad1d6740e38
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@b1ddad2c994a25fbc81a28b3ec0e368bb2021c50
         with:
           commit-message: '[automated] Update plugin list'
           author: 'pytest bot <pytestbot@users.noreply.github.com>'

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,16 +1,12 @@
 repos:
--   repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 23.3.0
-    hooks:
-    -   id: black
-        args: [--safe, --quiet]
--   repo: https://github.com/asottile/blacken-docs
-    rev: 1.14.0
-    hooks:
-    -   id: blacken-docs
-        additional_dependencies: [black==23.1.0]
+- repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
+  rev: "v0.2.2"
+  hooks:
+    - id: ruff
+      args: ["--fix"]
+    - id: ruff-format
 -   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-    rev: v4.4.0
+    rev: v4.5.0
     hooks:
     -   id: trailing-whitespace
     -   id: end-of-file-fixer
@@ -20,56 +16,38 @@ repos:
     -   id: debug-statements
         exclude: _pytest/(debugging|hookspec).py
         language_version: python3
--   repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/autoflake
-    rev: v2.1.1
+-   repo: https://github.com/adamchainz/blacken-docs
+    rev: 1.16.0
     hooks:
-    -   id: autoflake
-        name: autoflake
-        args: ["--in-place", "--remove-unused-variables", "--remove-all-unused-imports"]
-        language: python
-        files: \.py$
--   repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8
-    rev: 6.0.0
-    hooks:
-    -   id: flake8
-        language_version: python3
-        additional_dependencies:
-          - flake8-typing-imports==1.12.0
-          - flake8-docstrings==1.5.0
--   repo: https://github.com/asottile/reorder-python-imports
-    rev: v3.10.0
-    hooks:
-    -   id: reorder-python-imports
-        args: ['--application-directories=.:src', --py37-plus]
--   repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
-    rev: v3.7.0
-    hooks:
-    -   id: pyupgrade
-        args: [--py37-plus]
--   repo: https://github.com/asottile/setup-cfg-fmt
-    rev: v2.3.0
-    hooks:
-    -   id: setup-cfg-fmt
-        args: ["--max-py-version=3.12", "--include-version-classifiers"]
+    -   id: blacken-docs
+        additional_dependencies: [black==24.1.1]
 -   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pygrep-hooks
     rev: v1.10.0
     hooks:
     -   id: python-use-type-annotations
 -   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-    rev: v1.3.0
+    rev: v1.8.0
     hooks:
     -   id: mypy
-        files: ^(src/|testing/)
+        files: ^(src/|testing/|scripts/)
         args: []
         additional_dependencies:
           - iniconfig>=1.1.0
           - attrs>=19.2.0
+          - pluggy>=1.4.0
           - packaging
           - tomli
           - types-pkg_resources
+          - types-tabulate
             # for mypy running on python>=3.11 since exceptiongroup is only a dependency
             # on <3.11
           - exceptiongroup>=1.0.0rc8
+- repo: https://github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt
+  rev: "1.7.0"
+  hooks:
+    - id: pyproject-fmt
+      # https://pyproject-fmt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#calculating-max-supported-python-version
+      additional_dependencies: ["tox>=4.9"]
 -   repo: local
     hooks:
     -   id: rst

.readthedocs.yml

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ python:
        path: .
      - requirements: doc/en/requirements.txt
 
+sphinx:
+  configuration: doc/en/conf.py
+  fail_on_warning: true
+
 build:
   os: ubuntu-20.04
   tools:

AUTHORS

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ Adam Johnson
 Adam Stewart
 Adam Uhlir
 Ahn Ki-Wook
+Akhilesh Ramakrishnan
 Akiomi Kamakura
 Alan Velasco
 Alessio Izzo
@@ -47,15 +48,20 @@ Ariel Pillemer
 Armin Rigo
 Aron Coyle
 Aron Curzon
+Arthur Richard
 Ashish Kurmi
 Aviral Verma
 Aviv Palivoda
 Babak Keyvani
 Barney Gale
+Ben Brown
 Ben Gartner
+Ben Leith
 Ben Webb
 Benjamin Peterson
+Benjamin Schubert
 Bernard Pratz
+Bo Wu
 Bob Ippolito
 Brian Dorsey
 Brian Larsen
@@ -88,6 +94,7 @@ Christopher Dignam
 Christopher Gilling
 Claire Cecil
 Claudio Madotto
+Clément M.T. Robert
 CrazyMerlyn
 Cristian Vera
 Cyrus Maden
@@ -121,6 +128,8 @@ Edison Gustavo Muenz
 Edoardo Batini
 Edson Tadeu M. Manoel
 Eduardo Schettino
+Edward Haigh
+Eero Vaher
 Eli Boyarski
 Elizaveta Shashkova
 Éloi Rivard
@@ -129,17 +138,21 @@ Eric Hunsberger
 Eric Liu
 Eric Siegerman
 Erik Aronesty
+Erik Hasse
 Erik M. Bray
 Evan Kepner
 Evgeny Seliverstov
+Fabian Sturm
 Fabien Zarifian
 Fabio Zadrozny
+faph
 Felix Hofstätter
 Felix Nieuwenhuizen
 Feng Ma
 Florian Bruhin
 Florian Dahlitz
 Floris Bruynooghe
+Fraser Stark
 Gabriel Landau
 Gabriel Reis
 Garvit Shubham
@@ -166,6 +179,8 @@ Ian Bicking
 Ian Lesperance
 Ilya Konstantinov
 Ionuț Turturică
+Isaac Virshup
+Israel Fruchter
 Itxaso Aizpurua
 Iwan Briquemont
 Jaap Broekhuizen
@@ -181,6 +196,7 @@ Javier Romero
 Jeff Rackauckas
 Jeff Widman
 Jenni Rinker
+Jens Tröger
 John Eddie Ayson
 John Litborn
 John Towler
@@ -229,9 +245,11 @@ Maho
 Maik Figura
 Mandeep Bhutani
 Manuel Krebber
+Marc Mueller
 Marc Schlaich
 Marcelo Duarte Trevisani
 Marcin Bachry
+Marc Bresson
 Marco Gorelli
 Mark Abramowitz
 Mark Dickinson
@@ -256,15 +274,20 @@ Michael Goerz
 Michael Krebs
 Michael Seifert
 Michal Wajszczuk
+Michał Górny
 Michał Zięba
 Mickey Pashov
 Mihai Capotă
+Mihail Milushev
 Mike Hoyle (hoylemd)
 Mike Lundy
+Milan Lesnek
 Miro Hrončok
+mrbean-bremen
 Nathaniel Compton
 Nathaniel Waisbrot
 Ned Batchelder
+Neil Martin
 Neven Mundar
 Nicholas Devenish
 Nicholas Murphy
@@ -282,6 +305,7 @@ Ondřej Súkup
 Oscar Benjamin
 Parth Patel
 Patrick Hayes
+Patrick Lannigan
 Paul Müller
 Paul Reece
 Pauli Virtanen
@@ -310,6 +334,7 @@ Raphael Pierzina
 Rafal Semik
 Raquel Alegre
 Ravi Chandra
+Reagan Lee
 Robert Holt
 Roberto Aldera
 Roberto Polli
@@ -320,25 +345,33 @@ Ronny Pfannschmidt
 Ross Lawley
 Ruaridh Williamson
 Russel Winder
+Russell Martin
+Ryan Puddephatt
 Ryan Wooden
+Sadra Barikbin
 Saiprasad Kale
 Samuel Colvin
 Samuel Dion-Girardeau
 Samuel Searles-Bryant
+Samuel Therrien (Avasam)
 Samuele Pedroni
 Sanket Duthade
 Sankt Petersbug
 Saravanan Padmanaban
+Sean Malloy
 Segev Finer
 Serhii Mozghovyi
 Seth Junot
 Shantanu Jain
+Sharad Nair
 Shubham Adep
+Simon Blanchard
 Simon Gomizelj
 Simon Holesch
 Simon Kerr
 Skylar Downes
 Srinivas Reddy Thatiparthy
+Stefaan Lippens
 Stefan Farmbauer
 Stefan Scherfke
 Stefan Zimmermann
@@ -352,6 +385,7 @@ Tadek Teleżyński
 Takafumi Arakaki
 Taneli Hukkinen
 Tanvi Mehta
+Tanya Agarwal
 Tarcisio Fischer
 Tareq Alayan
 Tatiana Ovary
@@ -370,7 +404,9 @@ Tomer Keren
 Tony Narlock
 Tor Colvin
 Trevor Bekolay
+Tushar Sadhwani
 Tyler Goodlet
+Tyler Smart
 Tzu-ping Chung
 Vasily Kuznetsov
 Victor Maryama
@@ -384,6 +420,7 @@ Vivaan Verma
 Vlad Dragos
 Vlad Radziuk
 Vladyslav Rachek
+Volodymyr Kochetkov
 Volodymyr Piskun
 Wei Lin
 Wil Cooley

CONTRIBUTING.rst

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Fix bugs
 --------
 
 Look through the `GitHub issues for bugs <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/labels/type:%20bug>`_.
-See also the `"status: easy" issues <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/labels/status%3A%20easy>`_
+See also the `"good first issue" issues <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/labels/good%20first%20issue>`_
 that are friendly to new contributors.
 
 :ref:`Talk <contact>` to developers to find out how you can fix specific bugs. To indicate that you are going
@@ -197,11 +197,12 @@ Short version
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 #. Fork the repository.
+#. Fetch tags from upstream if necessary (if you cloned only main `git fetch --tags https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest`).
 #. Enable and install `pre-commit <https://pre-commit.com>`_ to ensure style-guides and code checks are followed.
-#. Follow **PEP-8** for naming and `black <https://github.com/psf/black>`_ for formatting.
+#. Follow `PEP-8 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/>`_ for naming.
 #. Tests are run using ``tox``::
 
-    tox -e linting,py37
+    tox -e linting,py39
 
    The test environments above are usually enough to cover most cases locally.
 
@@ -236,6 +237,7 @@ Here is a simple overview, with pytest-specific bits:
 
     $ git clone git@github.com:YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME/pytest.git
     $ cd pytest
+    $ git fetch --tags https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest
     # now, create your own branch off "main":
 
         $ git checkout -b your-bugfix-branch-name main
@@ -272,24 +274,24 @@ Here is a simple overview, with pytest-specific bits:
 
 #. Run all the tests
 
-   You need to have Python 3.7 available in your system.  Now
+   You need to have Python 3.8 or later available in your system.  Now
    running tests is as simple as issuing this command::
 
-    $ tox -e linting,py37
+    $ tox -e linting,py39
 
-   This command will run tests via the "tox" tool against Python 3.7
+   This command will run tests via the "tox" tool against Python 3.9
    and also perform "lint" coding-style checks.
 
-#. You can now edit your local working copy and run the tests again as necessary. Please follow PEP-8 for naming.
+#. You can now edit your local working copy and run the tests again as necessary. Please follow `PEP-8 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/>`_ for naming.
 
-   You can pass different options to ``tox``. For example, to run tests on Python 3.7 and pass options to pytest
+   You can pass different options to ``tox``. For example, to run tests on Python 3.9 and pass options to pytest
    (e.g. enter pdb on failure) to pytest you can do::
 
-    $ tox -e py37 -- --pdb
+    $ tox -e py39 -- --pdb
 
-   Or to only run tests in a particular test module on Python 3.7::
+   Or to only run tests in a particular test module on Python 3.9::
 
-    $ tox -e py37 -- testing/test_config.py
+    $ tox -e py39 -- testing/test_config.py
 
 
    When committing, ``pre-commit`` will re-format the files if necessary.

README.rst

@@ -20,16 +20,13 @@
     :target: https://codecov.io/gh/pytest-dev/pytest
     :alt: Code coverage Status
 
-.. image:: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/workflows/test/badge.svg
+.. image:: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg
     :target: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/actions?query=workflow%3Atest
 
 .. image:: https://results.pre-commit.ci/badge/github/pytest-dev/pytest/main.svg
    :target: https://results.pre-commit.ci/latest/github/pytest-dev/pytest/main
    :alt: pre-commit.ci status
 
-.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg
-    :target: https://github.com/psf/black
-
 .. image:: https://www.codetriage.com/pytest-dev/pytest/badges/users.svg
     :target: https://www.codetriage.com/pytest-dev/pytest
 
@@ -97,12 +94,12 @@ Features
 - `Modular fixtures <https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/explanation/fixtures.html>`_ for
   managing small or parametrized long-lived test resources
 
-- Can run `unittest <https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/how-to/unittest.html>`_ (or trial),
-  `nose <https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/how-to/nose.html>`_ test suites out of the box
+- Can run `unittest <https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/how-to/unittest.html>`_ (or trial)
+  test suites out of the box
 
-- Python 3.7+ or PyPy3
+- Python 3.8+ or PyPy3
 
-- Rich plugin architecture, with over 850+ `external plugins <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/reference/plugin_list.html>`_ and thriving community
+- Rich plugin architecture, with over 1300+ `external plugins <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/reference/plugin_list.html>`_ and thriving community
 
 
 Documentation

RELEASING.rst

@@ -133,14 +133,12 @@ Releasing
 
 Both automatic and manual processes described above follow the same steps from this point onward.
 
-#. After all tests pass and the PR has been approved, tag the release commit
-   in the ``release-MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`` branch and push it. This will publish to PyPI::
+#. After all tests pass and the PR has been approved, trigger the ``deploy`` job
+   in https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/actions/workflows/deploy.yml, using the ``release-MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`` branch
+   as source.
 
-     git fetch upstream
-     git tag MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH upstream/release-MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH
-     git push upstream MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH
-
-   Wait for the deploy to complete, then make sure it is `available on PyPI <https://pypi.org/project/pytest>`_.
+   This job will require approval from ``pytest-dev/core``, after which it will publish to PyPI
+   and tag the repository.
 
 #. Merge the PR. **Make sure it's not squash-merged**, so that the tagged commit ends up in the main branch.
 

TIDELIFT.rst

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ members of the `contributors team`_ interested in receiving funding.
 
 The current list of contributors receiving funding are:
 
-* `@asottile`_
 * `@nicoddemus`_
 * `@The-Compiler`_
 
@@ -55,6 +54,5 @@ funds. Just drop a line to one of the `@pytest-dev/tidelift-admins`_ or use the
 .. _`@pytest-dev/tidelift-admins`: https://github.com/orgs/pytest-dev/teams/tidelift-admins/members
 .. _`agreement`: https://tidelift.com/docs/lifting/agreement
 
-.. _`@asottile`: https://github.com/asottile
 .. _`@nicoddemus`: https://github.com/nicoddemus
 .. _`@The-Compiler`: https://github.com/The-Compiler

bench/bench.py

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 import sys
 
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     import cProfile
-    import pytest  # NOQA
     import pstats
 
+    import pytest  # noqa: F401
+
     script = sys.argv[1:] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else ["empty.py"]
     cProfile.run("pytest.cmdline.main(%r)" % script, "prof")
     p = pstats.Stats("prof")

bench/bench_argcomplete.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 # FastFilesCompleter    0.7383    1.0760
 import timeit
 
+
 imports = [
     "from argcomplete.completers import FilesCompleter as completer",
     "from _pytest._argcomplete import FastFilesCompleter as completer",

bench/skip.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
+
 SKIP = True
 
 

bench/unit_test.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from unittest import TestCase  # noqa: F401
 
+
 for i in range(15000):
     exec(
         f"""

changelog/10831.bugfix.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Terminal Reporting: Fixed bug when running in ``--tb=line`` mode where ``pytest.fail(pytrace=False)`` tests report ``None``.

changelog/10872.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Update test log report annotation to named tuple and fixed inconsistency in docs for :hook:`pytest_report_teststatus` hook.

changelog/10901.feature.rst

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-Added :func:`ExceptionInfo.from_exception() <pytest.ExceptionInfo.from_exception>`, a simpler way to create an :class:`~pytest.ExceptionInfo` from an exception.
-This can replace :func:`ExceptionInfo.from_exc_info() <pytest.ExceptionInfo.from_exc_info()>` for most uses.

changelog/10907.improvement.rst

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-When an exception traceback to be displayed is completely filtered out (by mechanisms such as ``__tracebackhide__``, internal frames, and similar), now only the exception string and the following message are shown:
-
-"All traceback entries are hidden. Pass `--full-trace` to see hidden and internal frames.".
-
-Previously, the last frame of the traceback was shown, even though it was hidden.

changelog/10940.improvement.rst

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-Improved verbose output (``-vv``) of ``skip`` and ``xfail`` reasons by performing text wrapping while leaving a clear margin for progress output.
-
-Added :func:`TerminalReporter.wrap_write() <pytest.TerminalReporter.wrap_write>` as a helper for that.

changelog/10991.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Added handling of ``%f`` directive to print microseconds in log format options, such as ``log-date-format``.

changelog/11005.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Added underlying exception to cache provider path creation and write warning messages.

changelog/11013.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Added warning when :confval:`testpaths` is set, but paths are not found by glob. In this case, pytest will fall back to searching from the current directory.

changelog/11031.trivial.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Enhanced the CLI flag for ``-c`` to now include ``--config-file`` to make it clear that this flag applies to the usage of a custom config file.

changelog/11043.improvement.rst

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-When `--confcutdir` is not specified, and there is no config file present, the conftest cutoff directory (`--confcutdir`) is now set to the :ref:`rootdir`.
-Previously in such cases, `conftest.py` files would be probed all the way to the root directory of the filesystem.
-If you are badly affected by this change, consider adding an empty config file to your desired cutoff directory, or explicitly set `--confcutdir`.

changelog/11068.bugfix.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Fixed the ``--last-failed`` whole-file skipping functionality ("skipped N files") for :ref:`non-python test files <non-python tests>`.

changelog/11081.improvement.rst

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-The :confval:`norecursedir` check is now performed in a :hook:`pytest_ignore_collect` implementation, so plugins can affect it.
-
-If after updating to this version you see that your `norecursedir` setting is not being respected,
-it means that a conftest or a plugin you use has a bad `pytest_ignore_collect` implementation.
-Most likely, your hook returns `False` for paths it does not want to ignore,
-which ends the processing and doesn't allow other plugins, including pytest itself, to ignore the path.
-The fix is to return `None` instead of `False` for paths your hook doesn't want to ignore.

changelog/11104.bugfix.rst

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-Fixed a regression in pytest 7.3.2 which caused to :confval:`testpaths` to be considered for loading initial conftests,
-even when it was not utilized (e.g. when explicit paths were given on the command line).
-Now the ``testpaths`` are only considered when they are in use.

changelog/1904.bugfix.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Fixed traceback entries hidden with ``__tracebackhide__ = True`` still being shown for chained exceptions (parts after "... the above exception ..." message).

changelog/7781.bugfix.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Fix writing non-encodable text to log file when using ``--debug``.

changelog/8711.improvement.rst

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-:func:`_pytest.logging.LogCaptureFixture.set_level` and :func:`_pytest.logging.LogCaptureFixture.at_level`
-will temporarily enable the requested ``level`` if ``level`` was disabled globally via
-``logging.disable(LEVEL)``.

changelog/9146.doc.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Improve Documentation for `caplog.set_level`.

changelog/README.rst

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Each file should be named like ``<ISSUE>.<TYPE>.rst``, where
 ``<ISSUE>`` is an issue number, and ``<TYPE>`` is one of:
 
 * ``feature``: new user facing features, like new command-line options and new behavior.
-* ``improvement``: improvement of existing functionality, usually without requiring user intervention (for example, new fields being written in ``--junitxml``, improved colors in terminal, etc).
+* ``improvement``: improvement of existing functionality, usually without requiring user intervention (for example, new fields being written in ``--junit-xml``, improved colors in terminal, etc).
 * ``bugfix``: fixes a bug.
 * ``doc``: documentation improvement, like rewording an entire session or adding missing docs.
 * ``deprecation``: feature deprecation.

doc/en/_templates/slim_searchbox.html

@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@
 <div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search">
   <div class="searchformwrapper">
     <form class="search" action="{{ pathto('search') }}" method="get">
-      <input type="text" name="q" aria-labelledby="searchlabel"
-        placeholder="Search"/>
+      <input type="text" name="q" aria-labelledby="searchlabel" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false"/>
       <input type="submit" value="{{ _('Go') }}" />
     </form>
   </div>
 </div>
-<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
+<script>document.getElementById('searchbox').style.display = "block"</script>
 {%- endif %}

doc/en/adopt.rst

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Partner projects, sign up here! (by 22 March)
 What does it mean to "adopt pytest"?
 -----------------------------------------
 
-There can be many different definitions of "success". Pytest can run many nose_ and unittest_ tests by default, so using pytest as your testrunner may be possible from day 1. Job done, right?
+There can be many different definitions of "success". Pytest can run many unittest_ tests by default, so using pytest as your testrunner may be possible from day 1. Job done, right?
 
 Progressive success might look like:
 
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ Progressive success might look like:
 
 It may be after the month is up, the partner project decides that pytest is not right for it. That's okay - hopefully the pytest team will also learn something about its weaknesses or deficiencies.
 
-.. _nose: nose.html
 .. _unittest: unittest.html
 .. _assert: assert.html
 .. _pycmd: https://bitbucket.org/hpk42/pycmd/overview

doc/en/announce/index.rst

@@ -6,6 +6,17 @@ Release announcements
    :maxdepth: 2
 
 
+   release-8.1.0
+   release-8.0.2
+   release-8.0.1
+   release-8.0.0
+   release-8.0.0rc2
+   release-8.0.0rc1
+   release-7.4.4
+   release-7.4.3
+   release-7.4.2
+   release-7.4.1
+   release-7.4.0
    release-7.3.2
    release-7.3.1
    release-7.3.0

doc/en/announce/release-7.4.0.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+pytest-7.4.0
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 7.4.0 release!
+
+This release contains new features, improvements, and bug fixes,
+the full list of changes is available in the changelog:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html
+
+For complete documentation, please visit:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/
+
+As usual, you can upgrade from PyPI via:
+
+    pip install -U pytest
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Adam J. Stewart
+* Alessio Izzo
+* Alex
+* Alex Lambson
+* Brian Larsen
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Bryan Ricker
+* Chris Mahoney
+* Facundo Batista
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Jarrett Keifer
+* Kenny Y
+* Miro Hrončok
+* Ran Benita
+* Roberto Aldera
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* Sergey Kim
+* Stefanie Molin
+* Vijay Arora
+* Ville Skyttä
+* Zac Hatfield-Dodds
+* bzoracler
+* leeyueh
+* nondescryptid
+* theirix
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.4.1.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+pytest-7.4.1
+=======================================
+
+pytest 7.4.1 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Ran Benita
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.4.2.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+pytest-7.4.2
+=======================================
+
+pytest 7.4.2 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Bruno Oliveira
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.4.3.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+pytest-7.4.3
+=======================================
+
+pytest 7.4.3 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Marc Mueller
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.4.4.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+pytest-7.4.4
+=======================================
+
+pytest 7.4.4 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Ran Benita
+* Zac Hatfield-Dodds
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-8.0.0.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+pytest-8.0.0
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 8.0.0 release!
+
+This release contains new features, improvements, bug fixes, and breaking changes, so users
+are encouraged to take a look at the CHANGELOG carefully:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html
+
+For complete documentation, please visit:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/
+
+As usual, you can upgrade from PyPI via:
+
+    pip install -U pytest
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Ran Benita
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-8.0.0rc1.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+pytest-8.0.0rc1
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 8.0.0rc1 release!
+
+This release contains new features, improvements, bug fixes, and breaking changes, so users
+are encouraged to take a look at the CHANGELOG carefully:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html
+
+For complete documentation, please visit:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/
+
+As usual, you can upgrade from PyPI via:
+
+    pip install -U pytest
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Akhilesh Ramakrishnan
+* Aleksandr Brodin
+* Anthony Sottile
+* Arthur Richard
+* Avasam
+* Benjamin Schubert
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Carsten Grohmann
+* Cheukting
+* Chris Mahoney
+* Christoph Anton Mitterer
+* DetachHead
+* Erik Hasse
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Fraser Stark
+* Ha Pam
+* Hugo van Kemenade
+* Isaac Virshup
+* Israel Fruchter
+* Jens Tröger
+* Jon Parise
+* Kenny Y
+* Lesnek
+* Marc Mueller
+* Michał Górny
+* Mihail Milushev
+* Milan Lesnek
+* Miro Hrončok
+* Patrick Lannigan
+* Ran Benita
+* Reagan Lee
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* Sadra Barikbin
+* Sean Malloy
+* Sean Patrick Malloy
+* Sharad Nair
+* Simon Blanchard
+* Sourabh Beniwal
+* Stefaan Lippens
+* Tanya Agarwal
+* Thomas Grainger
+* Tom Mortimer-Jones
+* Tushar Sadhwani
+* Tyler Smart
+* Uday Kumar
+* Warren Markham
+* WarrenTheRabbit
+* Zac Hatfield-Dodds
+* Ziad Kermadi
+* akhilramkee
+* antosikv
+* bowugit
+* mickeypash
+* neilmartin2000
+* pomponchik
+* ryanpudd
+* touilleWoman
+* ubaumann
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-8.0.0rc2.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+pytest-8.0.0rc2
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 8.0.0rc2 prerelease!
+
+This is a prerelease, not intended for production use, but to test the upcoming features and improvements
+in order to catch any major problems before the final version is released to the major public.
+
+We appreciate your help testing this out before the final release, making sure to report any
+regressions to our issue tracker:
+
+https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues
+
+When doing so, please include the string ``[prerelease]`` in the title.
+
+You can upgrade from PyPI via:
+
+    pip install pytest==8.0.0rc2
+
+Users are encouraged to take a look at the CHANGELOG carefully:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/release-8.0.0rc2/changelog.html
+
+Thanks to all the contributors to this release:
+
+* Ben Brown
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Ran Benita
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-8.0.1.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+pytest-8.0.1
+=======================================
+
+pytest 8.0.1 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Clément Robert
+* Pierre Sassoulas
+* Ran Benita
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-8.0.2.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+pytest-8.0.2
+=======================================
+
+pytest 8.0.2 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Ran Benita
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-8.1.0.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+pytest-8.1.0
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 8.1.0 release!
+
+This release contains new features, improvements, and bug fixes,
+the full list of changes is available in the changelog:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html
+
+For complete documentation, please visit:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/
+
+As usual, you can upgrade from PyPI via:
+
+    pip install -U pytest
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Ben Brown
+* Ben Leith
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Clément Robert
+* Dave Hall
+* Dương Quốc Khánh
+* Eero Vaher
+* Eric Larson
+* Fabian Sturm
+* Faisal Fawad
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Franck Charras
+* Joachim B Haga
+* John Litborn
+* Loïc Estève
+* Marc Bresson
+* Patrick Lannigan
+* Pierre Sassoulas
+* Ran Benita
+* Reagan Lee
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* Russell Martin
+* clee2000
+* donghui
+* faph
+* jakkdl
+* mrbean-bremen
+* robotherapist
+* whysage
+* woutdenolf
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/backwards-compatibility.rst

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ b) transitional: the old and new API don't conflict
 
    We will only start the removal of deprecated functionality in major releases (e.g. if we deprecate something in 3.0 we will start to remove it in 4.0), and keep it around for at least two minor releases (e.g. if we deprecate something in 3.9 and 4.0 is the next release, we start to remove it in 5.0, not in 4.0).
 
-   A deprecated feature scheduled to be removed in major version X will use the warning class `PytestRemovedInXWarning` (a subclass of :class:`~pytest.PytestDeprecationwarning`).
+   A deprecated feature scheduled to be removed in major version X will use the warning class `PytestRemovedInXWarning` (a subclass of :class:`~pytest.PytestDeprecationWarning`).
 
    When the deprecation expires (e.g. 4.0 is released), we won't remove the deprecated functionality immediately, but will use the standard warning filters to turn `PytestRemovedInXWarning` (e.g. `PytestRemovedIn4Warning`) into **errors** by default. This approach makes it explicit that removal is imminent, and still gives you time to turn the deprecated feature into a warning instead of an error so it can be dealt with in your own time. In the next minor release (e.g. 4.1), the feature will be effectively removed.
 
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ Released pytest versions support all Python versions that are actively maintaine
 ==============  ===================
 pytest version  min. Python version
 ==============  ===================
+8.0+            3.8+
 7.1+            3.7+
 6.2 - 7.0       3.6+
 5.0 - 6.1       3.5+

doc/en/builtin.rst

@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
 
     $ pytest  --fixtures -v
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 0 items
-    cache -- .../_pytest/cacheprovider.py:510
+    cache -- .../_pytest/cacheprovider.py:527
         Return a cache object that can persist state between testing sessions.
 
         cache.get(key, default)
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
 
         Values can be any object handled by the json stdlib module.
 
-    capsysbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1001
+    capsysbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1008
         Enable bytes capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``.
 
         The captured output is made available via ``capsysbinary.readouterr()``
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[bytes] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
         Example:
-
         .. code-block:: python
 
             def test_output(capsysbinary):
@@ -51,7 +50,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 captured = capsysbinary.readouterr()
                 assert captured.out == b"hello\n"
 
-    capfd -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1029
+    capfd -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1035
         Enable text capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``.
 
         The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method
@@ -61,7 +60,6 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
         Example:
-
         .. code-block:: python
 
             def test_system_echo(capfd):
@@ -69,7 +67,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 captured = capfd.readouterr()
                 assert captured.out == "hello\n"
 
-    capfdbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1057
+    capfdbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1062
         Enable bytes capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``.
 
         The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method
@@ -79,7 +77,6 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[bytes] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
         Example:
-
         .. code-block:: python
 
             def test_system_echo(capfdbinary):
@@ -87,7 +84,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 captured = capfdbinary.readouterr()
                 assert captured.out == b"hello\n"
 
-    capsys -- .../_pytest/capture.py:973
+    capsys -- .../_pytest/capture.py:981
         Enable text capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``.
 
         The captured output is made available via ``capsys.readouterr()`` method
@@ -97,7 +94,6 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
         Example:
-
         .. code-block:: python
 
             def test_output(capsys):
@@ -119,7 +115,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
 
         For more details: :ref:`doctest_namespace`.
 
-    pytestconfig [session scope] -- .../_pytest/fixtures.py:1360
+    pytestconfig [session scope] -- .../_pytest/fixtures.py:1346
         Session-scoped fixture that returns the session's :class:`pytest.Config`
         object.
 
@@ -129,7 +125,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 if pytestconfig.getoption("verbose") > 0:
                     ...
 
-    record_property -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:282
+    record_property -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:283
         Add extra properties to the calling test.
 
         User properties become part of the test report and are available to the
@@ -143,13 +139,13 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
             def test_function(record_property):
                 record_property("example_key", 1)
 
-    record_xml_attribute -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:305
+    record_xml_attribute -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:306
         Add extra xml attributes to the tag for the calling test.
 
         The fixture is callable with ``name, value``. The value is
         automatically XML-encoded.
 
-    record_testsuite_property [session scope] -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:343
+    record_testsuite_property [session scope] -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:344
         Record a new ``<property>`` tag as child of the root ``<testsuite>``.
 
         This is suitable to writing global information regarding the entire test
@@ -174,18 +170,18 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
             `pytest-xdist <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-xdist>`__ plugin. See
             :issue:`7767` for details.
 
-    tmpdir_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/legacypath.py:302
+    tmpdir_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/legacypath.py:317
         Return a :class:`pytest.TempdirFactory` instance for the test session.
 
-    tmpdir -- .../_pytest/legacypath.py:309
+    tmpdir -- .../_pytest/legacypath.py:324
         Return a temporary directory path object which is unique to each test
         function invocation, created as a sub directory of the base temporary
         directory.
 
         By default, a new base temporary directory is created each test session,
         and old bases are removed after 3 sessions, to aid in debugging. If
-        ``--basetemp`` is used then it is cleared each session. See :ref:`base
-        temporary directory`.
+        ``--basetemp`` is used then it is cleared each session. See
+        :ref:`temporary directory location and retention`.
 
         The returned object is a `legacy_path`_ object.
 
@@ -196,7 +192,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
 
         .. _legacy_path: https://py.readthedocs.io/en/latest/path.html
 
-    caplog -- .../_pytest/logging.py:498
+    caplog -- .../_pytest/logging.py:601
         Access and control log capturing.
 
         Captured logs are available through the following properties/methods::
@@ -207,7 +203,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         * caplog.record_tuples   -> list of (logger_name, level, message) tuples
         * caplog.clear()         -> clear captured records and formatted log output string
 
-    monkeypatch -- .../_pytest/monkeypatch.py:30
+    monkeypatch -- .../_pytest/monkeypatch.py:32
         A convenient fixture for monkey-patching.
 
         The fixture provides these methods to modify objects, dictionaries, or
@@ -231,16 +227,16 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         To undo modifications done by the fixture in a contained scope,
         use :meth:`context() <pytest.MonkeyPatch.context>`.
 
-    recwarn -- .../_pytest/recwarn.py:30
+    recwarn -- .../_pytest/recwarn.py:31
         Return a :class:`WarningsRecorder` instance that records all warnings emitted by test functions.
 
         See https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/how-to/capture-warnings.html for information
         on warning categories.
 
-    tmp_path_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:245
+    tmp_path_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:241
         Return a :class:`pytest.TempPathFactory` instance for the test session.
 
-    tmp_path -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:260
+    tmp_path -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:256
         Return a temporary directory path object which is unique to each test
         function invocation, created as a sub directory of the base temporary
         directory.
@@ -249,8 +245,8 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         and old bases are removed after 3 sessions, to aid in debugging.
         This behavior can be configured with :confval:`tmp_path_retention_count` and
         :confval:`tmp_path_retention_policy`.
-        If ``--basetemp`` is used then it is cleared each session. See :ref:`base
-        temporary directory`.
+        If ``--basetemp`` is used then it is cleared each session. See
+        :ref:`temporary directory location and retention`.
 
         The returned object is a :class:`pathlib.Path` object.
 

doc/en/changelog.rst

@@ -28,6 +28,731 @@ with advance notice in the **Deprecations** section of releases.
 
 .. towncrier release notes start
 
+pytest 8.1.0 (2024-03-03)
+=========================
+
+Features
+--------
+
+- `#11475 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11475>`_: Added the new :confval:`consider_namespace_packages` configuration option, defaulting to ``False``.
+
+  If set to ``True``, pytest will attempt to identify modules that are part of `namespace packages <https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/guides/packaging-namespace-packages>`__ when importing modules.
+
+
+- `#11653 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11653>`_: Added the new :confval:`verbosity_test_cases` configuration option for fine-grained control of test execution verbosity.
+  See :ref:`Fine-grained verbosity <pytest.fine_grained_verbosity>` for more details.
+
+
+
+Improvements
+------------
+
+- `#10865 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10865>`_: :func:`pytest.warns` now validates that :func:`warnings.warn` was called with a `str` or a `Warning`.
+  Currently in Python it is possible to use other types, however this causes an exception when :func:`warnings.filterwarnings` is used to filter those warnings (see `CPython #103577 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/103577>`__ for a discussion).
+  While this can be considered a bug in CPython, we decided to put guards in pytest as the error message produced without this check in place is confusing.
+
+
+- `#11311 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11311>`_: When using ``--override-ini`` for paths in invocations without a configuration file defined, the current working directory is used
+  as the relative directory.
+
+  Previoulsy this would raise an :class:`AssertionError`.
+
+
+- `#11475 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11475>`_: :ref:`--import-mode=importlib <import-mode-importlib>` now tries to import modules using the standard import mechanism (but still without changing :py:data:`sys.path`), falling back to importing modules directly only if that fails.
+
+  This means that installed packages will be imported under their canonical name if possible first, for example ``app.core.models``, instead of having the module name always be derived from their path (for example ``.env310.lib.site_packages.app.core.models``).
+
+
+- `#11801 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11801>`_: Added the :func:`iter_parents() <_pytest.nodes.Node.iter_parents>` helper method on nodes.
+  It is similar to :func:`listchain <_pytest.nodes.Node.listchain>`, but goes from bottom to top, and returns an iterator, not a list.
+
+
+- `#11850 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11850>`_: Added support for :data:`sys.last_exc` for post-mortem debugging on Python>=3.12.
+
+
+- `#11962 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11962>`_: In case no other suitable candidates for configuration file are found, a ``pyproject.toml`` (even without a ``[tool.pytest.ini_options]`` table) will be considered as the configuration file and define the ``rootdir``.
+
+
+- `#11978 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11978>`_: Add ``--log-file-mode`` option to the logging plugin, enabling appending to log-files. This option accepts either ``"w"`` or ``"a"`` and defaults to ``"w"``.
+
+  Previously, the mode was hard-coded to be ``"w"`` which truncates the file before logging.
+
+
+- `#12047 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/12047>`_: When multiple finalizers of a fixture raise an exception, now all exceptions are reported as an exception group.
+  Previously, only the first exception was reported.
+
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#11904 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11904>`_: Fixed a regression in pytest 8.0.0 that would cause test collection to fail due to permission errors when using ``--pyargs``.
+
+  This change improves the collection tree for tests specified using ``--pyargs``, see :pull:`12043` for a comparison with pytest 8.0 and <8.
+
+
+- `#12011 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/12011>`_: Fixed a regression in 8.0.1 whereby ``setup_module`` xunit-style fixtures are not executed when ``--doctest-modules`` is passed.
+
+
+- `#12014 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/12014>`_: Fix the ``stacklevel`` used when warning about marks used on fixtures.
+
+
+- `#12039 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/12039>`_: Fixed a regression in ``8.0.2`` where tests created using :fixture:`tmp_path` have been collected multiple times in CI under Windows.
+
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- `#11790 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11790>`_: Documented the retention of temporary directories created using the ``tmp_path`` fixture in more detail.
+
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- `#11785 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11785>`_: Some changes were made to private functions which may affect plugins which access them:
+
+  - ``FixtureManager._getautousenames()`` now takes a ``Node`` itself instead of the nodeid.
+  - ``FixtureManager.getfixturedefs()`` now takes the ``Node`` itself instead of the nodeid.
+  - The ``_pytest.nodes.iterparentnodeids()`` function is removed without replacement.
+    Prefer to traverse the node hierarchy itself instead.
+    If you really need to, copy the function from the previous pytest release.
+
+
+pytest 8.0.2 (2024-02-24)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#11895 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11895>`_: Fix collection on Windows where initial paths contain the short version of a path (for example ``c:\PROGRA~1\tests``).
+
+
+- `#11953 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11953>`_: Fix an ``IndexError`` crash raising from ``getstatementrange_ast``.
+
+
+- `#12021 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/12021>`_: Reverted a fix to `--maxfail` handling in pytest 8.0.0 because it caused a regression in pytest-xdist whereby session fixture teardowns may get executed multiple times when the max-fails is reached.
+
+
+pytest 8.0.1 (2024-02-16)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#11875 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11875>`_: Correctly handle errors from :func:`getpass.getuser` in Python 3.13.
+
+
+- `#11879 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11879>`_: Fix an edge case where ``ExceptionInfo._stringify_exception`` could crash :func:`pytest.raises`.
+
+
+- `#11906 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11906>`_: Fix regression with :func:`pytest.warns` using custom warning subclasses which have more than one parameter in their `__init__`.
+
+
+- `#11907 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11907>`_: Fix a regression in pytest 8.0.0 whereby calling :func:`pytest.skip` and similar control-flow exceptions within a :func:`pytest.warns()` block would get suppressed instead of propagating.
+
+
+- `#11929 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11929>`_: Fix a regression in pytest 8.0.0 whereby autouse fixtures defined in a module get ignored by the doctests in the module.
+
+
+- `#11937 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11937>`_: Fix a regression in pytest 8.0.0 whereby items would be collected in reverse order in some circumstances.
+
+
+pytest 8.0.0 (2024-01-27)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#11842 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11842>`_: Properly escape the ``reason`` of a :ref:`skip <pytest.mark.skip ref>` mark when writing JUnit XML files.
+
+
+- `#11861 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11861>`_: Avoid microsecond exceeds ``1_000_000`` when using ``log-date-format`` with ``%f`` specifier, which might cause the test suite to crash.
+
+
+pytest 8.0.0rc2 (2024-01-17)
+============================
+
+
+Improvements
+------------
+
+- `#11233 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11233>`_: Improvements to ``-r`` for xfailures and xpasses:
+
+  * Report tracebacks for xfailures when ``-rx`` is set.
+  * Report captured output for xpasses when ``-rX`` is set.
+  * For xpasses, add ``-`` in summary between test name and reason, to match how xfail is displayed.
+
+- `#11825 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11825>`_: The :hook:`pytest_plugin_registered` hook has a new ``plugin_name`` parameter containing the name by which ``plugin`` is registered.
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#11706 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11706>`_: Fix reporting of teardown errors in higher-scoped fixtures when using `--maxfail` or `--stepwise`.
+
+  NOTE: This change was reverted in pytest 8.0.2 to fix a `regression <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-xdist/issues/1024>`_ it caused in pytest-xdist.
+
+
+- `#11758 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11758>`_: Fixed ``IndexError: string index out of range`` crash in ``if highlighted[-1] == "\n" and source[-1] != "\n"``.
+  This bug was introduced in pytest 8.0.0rc1.
+
+
+- `#9765 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9765>`_, `#11816 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11816>`_: Fixed a frustrating bug that afflicted some users with the only error being ``assert mod not in mods``. The issue was caused by the fact that ``str(Path(mod))`` and ``mod.__file__`` don't necessarily produce the same string, and was being erroneously used interchangably in some places in the code.
+
+  This fix also broke the internal API of ``PytestPluginManager.consider_conftest`` by introducing a new parameter -- we mention this in case it is being used by external code, even if marked as *private*.
+
+
+pytest 8.0.0rc1 (2023-12-30)
+============================
+
+Breaking Changes
+----------------
+
+Old Deprecations Are Now Errors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+- `#7363 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7363>`_: **PytestRemovedIn8Warning deprecation warnings are now errors by default.**
+
+  Following our plan to remove deprecated features with as little disruption as
+  possible, all warnings of type ``PytestRemovedIn8Warning`` now generate errors
+  instead of warning messages by default.
+
+  **The affected features will be effectively removed in pytest 8.1**, so please consult the
+  :ref:`deprecations` section in the docs for directions on how to update existing code.
+
+  In the pytest ``8.0.X`` series, it is possible to change the errors back into warnings as a
+  stopgap measure by adding this to your ``pytest.ini`` file:
+
+  .. code-block:: ini
+
+      [pytest]
+      filterwarnings =
+          ignore::pytest.PytestRemovedIn8Warning
+
+  But this will stop working when pytest ``8.1`` is released.
+
+  **If you have concerns** about the removal of a specific feature, please add a
+  comment to :issue:`7363`.
+
+
+Version Compatibility
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+- `#11151 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11151>`_: Dropped support for Python 3.7, which `reached end-of-life on 2023-06-27 <https://devguide.python.org/versions/>`__.
+
+
+- ``pluggy>=1.3.0`` is now required.
+
+
+Collection Changes
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+In this version we've made several breaking changes to pytest's collection phase,
+particularly around how filesystem directories and Python packages are collected,
+fixing deficiencies and allowing for cleanups and improvements to pytest's internals.
+A deprecation period for these changes was not possible.
+
+
+- `#7777 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7777>`_: Files and directories are now collected in alphabetical order jointly, unless changed by a plugin.
+  Previously, files were collected before directories.
+  See below for an example.
+
+
+- `#8976 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8976>`_: Running `pytest pkg/__init__.py` now collects the `pkg/__init__.py` file (module) only.
+  Previously, it collected the entire `pkg` package, including other test files in the directory, but excluding tests in the `__init__.py` file itself
+  (unless :confval:`python_files` was changed to allow `__init__.py` file).
+
+  To collect the entire package, specify just the directory: `pytest pkg`.
+
+
+- `#11137 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11137>`_: :class:`pytest.Package` is no longer a :class:`pytest.Module` or :class:`pytest.File`.
+
+  The ``Package`` collector node designates a Python package, that is, a directory with an `__init__.py` file.
+  Previously ``Package`` was a subtype of ``pytest.Module`` (which represents a single Python module),
+  the module being the `__init__.py` file.
+  This has been deemed a design mistake (see :issue:`11137` and :issue:`7777` for details).
+
+  The ``path`` property of ``Package`` nodes now points to the package directory instead of the ``__init__.py`` file.
+
+  Note that a ``Module`` node for ``__init__.py`` (which is not a ``Package``) may still exist,
+  if it is picked up during collection (e.g. if you configured :confval:`python_files` to include ``__init__.py`` files).
+
+
+- `#7777 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7777>`_: Added a new :class:`pytest.Directory` base collection node, which all collector nodes for filesystem directories are expected to subclass.
+  This is analogous to the existing :class:`pytest.File` for file nodes.
+
+  Changed :class:`pytest.Package` to be a subclass of :class:`pytest.Directory`.
+  A ``Package`` represents a filesystem directory which is a Python package,
+  i.e. contains an ``__init__.py`` file.
+
+  :class:`pytest.Package` now only collects files in its own directory; previously it collected recursively.
+  Sub-directories are collected as their own collector nodes, which then collect themselves, thus creating a collection tree which mirrors the filesystem hierarchy.
+
+  Added a new :class:`pytest.Dir` concrete collection node, a subclass of :class:`pytest.Directory`.
+  This node represents a filesystem directory, which is not a :class:`pytest.Package`,
+  that is, does not contain an ``__init__.py`` file.
+  Similarly to ``Package``, it only collects the files in its own directory.
+
+  :class:`pytest.Session` now only collects the initial arguments, without recursing into directories.
+  This work is now done by the :func:`recursive expansion process <pytest.Collector.collect>` of directory collector nodes.
+
+  :attr:`session.name <pytest.Session.name>` is now ``""``; previously it was the rootdir directory name.
+  This matches :attr:`session.nodeid <_pytest.nodes.Node.nodeid>` which has always been `""`.
+
+  The collection tree now contains directories/packages up to the :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>`,
+  for initial arguments that are found within the rootdir.
+  For files outside the rootdir, only the immediate directory/package is collected --
+  note however that collecting from outside the rootdir is discouraged.
+
+  As an example, given the following filesystem tree::
+
+      myroot/
+          pytest.ini
+          top/
+          ├── aaa
+          │   └── test_aaa.py
+          ├── test_a.py
+          ├── test_b
+          │   ├── __init__.py
+          │   └── test_b.py
+          ├── test_c.py
+          └── zzz
+              ├── __init__.py
+              └── test_zzz.py
+
+  the collection tree, as shown by `pytest --collect-only top/` but with the otherwise-hidden :class:`~pytest.Session` node added for clarity,
+  is now the following::
+
+      <Session>
+        <Dir myroot>
+          <Dir top>
+            <Dir aaa>
+              <Module test_aaa.py>
+                <Function test_it>
+            <Module test_a.py>
+              <Function test_it>
+            <Package test_b>
+              <Module test_b.py>
+                <Function test_it>
+            <Module test_c.py>
+              <Function test_it>
+            <Package zzz>
+              <Module test_zzz.py>
+                <Function test_it>
+
+  Previously, it was::
+
+      <Session>
+        <Module top/test_a.py>
+          <Function test_it>
+        <Module top/test_c.py>
+          <Function test_it>
+        <Module top/aaa/test_aaa.py>
+          <Function test_it>
+        <Package test_b>
+          <Module test_b.py>
+            <Function test_it>
+        <Package zzz>
+          <Module test_zzz.py>
+            <Function test_it>
+
+  Code/plugins which rely on a specific shape of the collection tree might need to update.
+
+
+- `#11676 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11676>`_: The classes :class:`~_pytest.nodes.Node`, :class:`~pytest.Collector`, :class:`~pytest.Item`, :class:`~pytest.File`, :class:`~_pytest.nodes.FSCollector` are now marked abstract (see :mod:`abc`).
+
+  We do not expect this change to affect users and plugin authors, it will only cause errors when the code is already wrong or problematic.
+
+
+Other breaking changes
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+These are breaking changes where deprecation was not possible.
+
+
+- `#11282 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11282>`_: Sanitized the handling of the ``default`` parameter when defining configuration options.
+
+  Previously if ``default`` was not supplied for :meth:`parser.addini <pytest.Parser.addini>` and the configuration option value was not defined in a test session, then calls to :func:`config.getini <pytest.Config.getini>` returned an *empty list* or an *empty string* depending on whether ``type`` was supplied or not respectively, which is clearly incorrect. Also, ``None`` was not honored even if ``default=None`` was used explicitly while defining the option.
+
+  Now the behavior of :meth:`parser.addini <pytest.Parser.addini>` is as follows:
+
+  * If ``default`` is NOT passed but ``type`` is provided, then a type-specific default will be returned. For example ``type=bool`` will return ``False``, ``type=str`` will return ``""``, etc.
+  * If ``default=None`` is passed and the option is not defined in a test session, then ``None`` will be returned, regardless of the ``type``.
+  * If neither ``default`` nor ``type`` are provided, assume ``type=str`` and return ``""`` as default (this is as per previous behavior).
+
+  The team decided to not introduce a deprecation period for this change, as doing so would be complicated both in terms of communicating this to the community as well as implementing it, and also because the team believes this change should not break existing plugins except in rare cases.
+
+
+- `#11667 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11667>`_: pytest's ``setup.py`` file is removed.
+  If you relied on this file, e.g. to install pytest using ``setup.py install``,
+  please see `Why you shouldn't invoke setup.py directly <https://blog.ganssle.io/articles/2021/10/setup-py-deprecated.html#summary>`_ for alternatives.
+
+
+- `#9288 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9288>`_: :func:`~pytest.warns` now re-emits unmatched warnings when the context
+  closes -- previously it would consume all warnings, hiding those that were not
+  matched by the function.
+
+  While this is a new feature, we announce it as a breaking change
+  because many test suites are configured to error-out on warnings, and will
+  therefore fail on the newly-re-emitted warnings.
+
+
+- The internal ``FixtureManager.getfixtureclosure`` method has changed. Plugins which use this method or
+  which subclass ``FixtureManager`` and overwrite that method will need to adapt to the change.
+
+
+
+Deprecations
+------------
+
+- `#10465 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10465>`_: Test functions returning a value other than ``None`` will now issue a :class:`pytest.PytestWarning` instead of ``pytest.PytestRemovedIn8Warning``, meaning this will stay a warning instead of becoming an error in the future.
+
+
+- `#3664 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3664>`_: Applying a mark to a fixture function now issues a warning: marks in fixtures never had any effect, but it is a common user error to apply a mark to a fixture (for example ``usefixtures``) and expect it to work.
+
+  This will become an error in pytest 9.0.
+
+
+
+Features and Improvements
+-------------------------
+
+Improved Diffs
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+These changes improve the diffs that pytest prints when an assertion fails.
+Note that syntax highlighting requires the ``pygments`` package.
+
+
+- `#11520 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11520>`_: The very verbose (``-vv``) diff output is now colored as a diff instead of a big chunk of red.
+
+  Python code in error reports is now syntax-highlighted as Python.
+
+  The sections in the error reports are now better separated.
+
+
+- `#1531 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1531>`_: The very verbose diff (``-vv``) for every standard library container type is improved. The indentation is now consistent and the markers are on their own separate lines, which should reduce the diffs shown to users.
+
+  Previously, the standard Python pretty printer was used to generate the output, which puts opening and closing
+  markers on the same line as the first/last entry, in addition to not having consistent indentation.
+
+
+- `#10617 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10617>`_: Added more comprehensive set assertion rewrites for comparisons other than equality ``==``, with
+  the following operations now providing better failure messages: ``!=``, ``<=``, ``>=``, ``<``, and ``>``.
+
+
+Separate Control For Assertion Verbosity
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+- `#11387 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11387>`_: Added the new :confval:`verbosity_assertions` configuration option for fine-grained control of failed assertions verbosity.
+
+  If you've ever wished that pytest always show you full diffs, but without making everything else verbose, this is for you.
+
+  See :ref:`Fine-grained verbosity <pytest.fine_grained_verbosity>` for more details.
+
+  For plugin authors, :attr:`config.get_verbosity <pytest.Config.get_verbosity>` can be used to retrieve the verbosity level for a specific verbosity type.
+
+
+Additional Support For Exception Groups and ``__notes__``
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+These changes improve pytest's support for exception groups.
+
+
+- `#10441 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10441>`_: Added :func:`ExceptionInfo.group_contains() <pytest.ExceptionInfo.group_contains>`, an assertion helper that tests if an :class:`ExceptionGroup` contains a matching exception.
+
+  See :ref:`assert-matching-exception-groups` for an example.
+
+
+- `#11227 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11227>`_: Allow :func:`pytest.raises` ``match`` argument to match against `PEP-678 <https://peps.python.org/pep-0678/>` ``__notes__``.
+
+
+Custom Directory collectors
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+- `#7777 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7777>`_: Added a new hook :hook:`pytest_collect_directory`,
+  which is called by filesystem-traversing collector nodes,
+  such as :class:`pytest.Session`, :class:`pytest.Dir` and :class:`pytest.Package`,
+  to create a collector node for a sub-directory.
+  It is expected to return a subclass of :class:`pytest.Directory`.
+  This hook allows plugins to :ref:`customize the collection of directories <custom directory collectors>`.
+
+
+"New-style" Hook Wrappers
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+- `#11122 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11122>`_: pytest now uses "new-style" hook wrappers internally, available since pluggy 1.2.0.
+  See `pluggy's 1.2.0 changelog <https://pluggy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/changelog.html#pluggy-1-2-0-2023-06-21>`_ and the :ref:`updated docs <hookwrapper>` for details.
+
+  Plugins which want to use new-style wrappers can do so if they require ``pytest>=8``.
+
+
+Other Improvements
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+- `#11216 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11216>`_: If a test is skipped from inside an :ref:`xunit setup fixture <classic xunit>`, the test summary now shows the test location instead of the fixture location.
+
+
+- `#11314 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11314>`_: Logging to a file using the ``--log-file`` option will use ``--log-level``, ``--log-format`` and ``--log-date-format`` as fallback
+  if ``--log-file-level``, ``--log-file-format`` and ``--log-file-date-format`` are not provided respectively.
+
+
+- `#11610 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11610>`_: Added the :func:`LogCaptureFixture.filtering() <pytest.LogCaptureFixture.filtering>` context manager which
+  adds a given :class:`logging.Filter` object to the :fixture:`caplog` fixture.
+
+
+- `#11447 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11447>`_: :func:`pytest.deprecated_call` now also considers warnings of type :class:`FutureWarning`.
+
+
+- `#11600 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11600>`_: Improved the documentation and type signature for :func:`pytest.mark.xfail <pytest.mark.xfail>`'s ``condition`` param to use ``False`` as the default value.
+
+
+- `#7469 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7469>`_: :class:`~pytest.FixtureDef` is now exported as ``pytest.FixtureDef`` for typing purposes.
+
+
+- `#11353 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11353>`_: Added typing to :class:`~pytest.PytestPluginManager`.
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10701 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10701>`_: :meth:`pytest.WarningsRecorder.pop` will return the most-closely-matched warning in the list,
+  rather than the first warning which is an instance of the requested type.
+
+
+- `#11255 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11255>`_: Fixed crash on `parametrize(..., scope="package")` without a package present.
+
+
+- `#11277 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11277>`_: Fixed a bug that when there are multiple fixtures for an indirect parameter,
+  the scope of the highest-scope fixture is picked for the parameter set, instead of that of the one with the narrowest scope.
+
+
+- `#11456 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11456>`_: Parametrized tests now *really do* ensure that the ids given to each input are unique - for
+  example, ``a, a, a0`` now results in ``a1, a2, a0`` instead of the previous (buggy) ``a0, a1, a0``.
+  This necessarily means changing nodeids where these were previously colliding, and for
+  readability adds an underscore when non-unique ids end in a number.
+
+
+- `#11563 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11563>`_: Fixed a crash when using an empty string for the same parametrized value more than once.
+
+
+- `#11712 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11712>`_: Fixed handling ``NO_COLOR`` and ``FORCE_COLOR`` to ignore an empty value.
+
+
+- `#9036 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9036>`_: ``pytest.warns`` and similar functions now capture warnings when an exception is raised inside a ``with`` block.
+
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- `#11011 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11011>`_: Added a warning about modifying the root logger during tests when using ``caplog``.
+
+
+- `#11065 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11065>`_: Use ``pytestconfig`` instead of ``request.config`` in cache example to be consistent with the API documentation.
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- `#11208 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11208>`_: The (internal) ``FixtureDef.cached_result`` type has changed.
+  Now the third item ``cached_result[2]``, when set, is an exception instance instead of an exception triplet.
+
+
+- `#11218 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11218>`_: (This entry is meant to assist plugins which access private pytest internals to instantiate ``FixtureRequest`` objects.)
+
+  :class:`~pytest.FixtureRequest` is now an abstract class which can't be instantiated directly.
+  A new concrete ``TopRequest`` subclass of ``FixtureRequest`` has been added for the ``request`` fixture in test functions,
+  as counterpart to the existing ``SubRequest`` subclass for the ``request`` fixture in fixture functions.
+
+
+- `#11315 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11315>`_: The :fixture:`pytester` fixture now uses the :fixture:`monkeypatch` fixture to manage the current working directory.
+  If you use ``pytester`` in combination with :func:`monkeypatch.undo() <pytest.MonkeyPatch.undo>`, the CWD might get restored.
+  Use :func:`monkeypatch.context() <pytest.MonkeyPatch.context>` instead.
+
+
+- `#11333 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11333>`_: Corrected the spelling of ``Config.ArgsSource.INVOCATION_DIR``.
+  The previous spelling ``INCOVATION_DIR`` remains as an alias.
+
+
+- `#11638 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11638>`_: Fixed the selftests to pass correctly if ``FORCE_COLOR``, ``NO_COLOR`` or ``PY_COLORS`` is set in the calling environment.
+
+pytest 7.4.4 (2023-12-31)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#11140 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11140>`_: Fix non-string constants at the top of file being detected as docstrings on Python>=3.8.
+
+
+- `#11572 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11572>`_: Handle an edge case where :data:`sys.stderr` and :data:`sys.__stderr__` might already be closed when :ref:`faulthandler` is tearing down.
+
+
+- `#11710 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11710>`_: Fixed tracebacks from collection errors not getting pruned.
+
+
+- `#7966 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7966>`_: Removed unhelpful error message from assertion rewrite mechanism when exceptions are raised in ``__iter__`` methods. Now they are treated un-iterable instead.
+
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- `#11091 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11091>`_: Updated documentation to refer to hyphenated options: replaced ``--junitxml`` with ``--junit-xml`` and ``--collectonly`` with ``--collect-only``.
+
+
+pytest 7.4.3 (2023-10-24)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10447 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10447>`_: Markers are now considered in the reverse mro order to ensure base  class markers are considered first -- this resolves a regression.
+
+
+- `#11239 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11239>`_: Fixed ``:=`` in asserts impacting unrelated test cases.
+
+
+- `#11439 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11439>`_: Handled an edge case where :data:`sys.stderr` might already be closed when :ref:`faulthandler` is tearing down.
+
+
+pytest 7.4.2 (2023-09-07)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#11237 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11237>`_: Fix doctest collection of `functools.cached_property` objects.
+
+
+- `#11306 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11306>`_: Fixed bug using ``--importmode=importlib`` which would cause package ``__init__.py`` files to be imported more than once in some cases.
+
+
+- `#11367 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11367>`_: Fixed bug where `user_properties` where not being saved in the JUnit XML file if a fixture failed during teardown.
+
+
+- `#11394 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11394>`_: Fixed crash when parsing long command line arguments that might be interpreted as files.
+
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- `#11391 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11391>`_: Improved disclaimer on pytest plugin reference page to better indicate this is an automated, non-curated listing.
+
+
+pytest 7.4.1 (2023-09-02)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10337 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10337>`_: Fixed bug where fake intermediate modules generated by ``--import-mode=importlib`` would not include the
+  child modules as attributes of the parent modules.
+
+
+- `#10702 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10702>`_: Fixed error assertion handling in :func:`pytest.approx` when ``None`` is an expected or received value when comparing dictionaries.
+
+
+- `#10811 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10811>`_: Fixed issue when using ``--import-mode=importlib`` together with ``--doctest-modules`` that caused modules
+  to be imported more than once, causing problems with modules that have import side effects.
+
+
+pytest 7.4.0 (2023-06-23)
+=========================
+
+Features
+--------
+
+- `#10901 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10901>`_: Added :func:`ExceptionInfo.from_exception() <pytest.ExceptionInfo.from_exception>`, a simpler way to create an :class:`~pytest.ExceptionInfo` from an exception.
+  This can replace :func:`ExceptionInfo.from_exc_info() <pytest.ExceptionInfo.from_exc_info()>` for most uses.
+
+
+
+Improvements
+------------
+
+- `#10872 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10872>`_: Update test log report annotation to named tuple and fixed inconsistency in docs for :hook:`pytest_report_teststatus` hook.
+
+
+- `#10907 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10907>`_: When an exception traceback to be displayed is completely filtered out (by mechanisms such as ``__tracebackhide__``, internal frames, and similar), now only the exception string and the following message are shown:
+
+  "All traceback entries are hidden. Pass `--full-trace` to see hidden and internal frames.".
+
+  Previously, the last frame of the traceback was shown, even though it was hidden.
+
+
+- `#10940 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10940>`_: Improved verbose output (``-vv``) of ``skip`` and ``xfail`` reasons by performing text wrapping while leaving a clear margin for progress output.
+
+  Added ``TerminalReporter.wrap_write()`` as a helper for that.
+
+
+- `#10991 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10991>`_: Added handling of ``%f`` directive to print microseconds in log format options, such as ``log-date-format``.
+
+
+- `#11005 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11005>`_: Added the underlying exception to the cache provider's path creation and write warning messages.
+
+
+- `#11013 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11013>`_: Added warning when :confval:`testpaths` is set, but paths are not found by glob. In this case, pytest will fall back to searching from the current directory.
+
+
+- `#11043 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11043>`_: When `--confcutdir` is not specified, and there is no config file present, the conftest cutoff directory (`--confcutdir`) is now set to the :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>`.
+  Previously in such cases, `conftest.py` files would be probed all the way to the root directory of the filesystem.
+  If you are badly affected by this change, consider adding an empty config file to your desired cutoff directory, or explicitly set `--confcutdir`.
+
+
+- `#11081 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11081>`_: The :confval:`norecursedirs` check is now performed in a :hook:`pytest_ignore_collect` implementation, so plugins can affect it.
+
+  If after updating to this version you see that your `norecursedirs` setting is not being respected,
+  it means that a conftest or a plugin you use has a bad `pytest_ignore_collect` implementation.
+  Most likely, your hook returns `False` for paths it does not want to ignore,
+  which ends the processing and doesn't allow other plugins, including pytest itself, to ignore the path.
+  The fix is to return `None` instead of `False` for paths your hook doesn't want to ignore.
+
+
+- `#8711 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8711>`_: :func:`caplog.set_level() <pytest.LogCaptureFixture.set_level>` and :func:`caplog.at_level() <pytest.LogCaptureFixture.at_level>`
+  will temporarily enable the requested ``level`` if ``level`` was disabled globally via
+  ``logging.disable(LEVEL)``.
+
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10831 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10831>`_: Terminal Reporting: Fixed bug when running in ``--tb=line`` mode where ``pytest.fail(pytrace=False)`` tests report ``None``.
+
+
+- `#11068 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11068>`_: Fixed the ``--last-failed`` whole-file skipping functionality ("skipped N files") for :ref:`non-python test files <non-python tests>`.
+
+
+- `#11104 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11104>`_: Fixed a regression in pytest 7.3.2 which caused to :confval:`testpaths` to be considered for loading initial conftests,
+  even when it was not utilized (e.g. when explicit paths were given on the command line).
+  Now the ``testpaths`` are only considered when they are in use.
+
+
+- `#1904 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1904>`_: Fixed traceback entries hidden with ``__tracebackhide__ = True`` still being shown for chained exceptions (parts after "... the above exception ..." message).
+
+
+- `#7781 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7781>`_: Fix writing non-encodable text to log file when using ``--debug``.
+
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- `#9146 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9146>`_: Improved documentation for :func:`caplog.set_level() <pytest.LogCaptureFixture.set_level>`.
+
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- `#11031 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11031>`_: Enhanced the CLI flag for ``-c`` to now include ``--config-file`` to make it clear that this flag applies to the usage of a custom config file.
+
+
 pytest 7.3.2 (2023-06-10)
 =========================
 
@@ -264,7 +989,7 @@ Improvements
 
 
 - `#8508 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8508>`_: Introduce multiline display for warning matching  via :py:func:`pytest.warns` and
-  enhance match comparison for :py:func:`_pytest._code.ExceptionInfo.match` as returned by :py:func:`pytest.raises`.
+  enhance match comparison for :py:func:`pytest.ExceptionInfo.match` as returned by :py:func:`pytest.raises`.
 
 
 - `#8646 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8646>`_: Improve :py:func:`pytest.raises`. Previously passing an empty tuple would give a confusing
@@ -273,7 +998,7 @@ Improvements
 
 - `#9741 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9741>`_: On Python 3.11, use the standard library's :mod:`tomllib` to parse TOML.
 
-  :mod:`tomli` is no longer a dependency on Python 3.11.
+  `tomli` is no longer a dependency on Python 3.11.
 
 
 - `#9742 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9742>`_: Display assertion message without escaped newline characters with ``-vv``.
@@ -308,7 +1033,7 @@ Bug Fixes
 
   When inheriting marks from super-classes, marks from the sub-classes are now ordered before marks from the super-classes, in MRO order. Previously it was the reverse.
 
-  When inheriting marks from super-classes, the `pytestmark` attribute of the sub-class now only contains the marks directly applied to it. Previously, it also contained marks from its super-classes. Please note that this attribute should not normally be accessed directly; use :func:`pytest.Node.iter_markers` instead.
+  When inheriting marks from super-classes, the `pytestmark` attribute of the sub-class now only contains the marks directly applied to it. Previously, it also contained marks from its super-classes. Please note that this attribute should not normally be accessed directly; use :func:`Node.iter_markers <_pytest.nodes.Node.iter_markers>` instead.
 
 
 - `#9159 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9159>`_: Showing inner exceptions by forcing native display in ``ExceptionGroups`` even when using display options other than ``--tb=native``. A temporary step before full implementation of pytest-native display for inner exceptions in ``ExceptionGroups``.
@@ -561,7 +1286,7 @@ Bug Fixes
 - `#9355 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9355>`_: Fixed error message prints function decorators when using assert in Python 3.8 and above.
 
 
-- `#9396 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9396>`_: Ensure :attr:`pytest.Config.inifile` is available during the :func:`pytest_cmdline_main <_pytest.hookspec.pytest_cmdline_main>` hook (regression during ``7.0.0rc1``).
+- `#9396 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9396>`_: Ensure `pytest.Config.inifile` is available during the :hook:`pytest_cmdline_main` hook (regression during ``7.0.0rc1``).
 
 
 
@@ -706,13 +1431,13 @@ Deprecations
   - ``parser.addoption(..., type="int/string/float/complex")`` - use ``type=int`` etc. instead.
 
 
-- `#8447 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8447>`_: Defining a custom pytest node type which is both an :class:`pytest.Item <Item>` and a :class:`pytest.Collector <Collector>` (e.g. :class:`pytest.File <File>`) now issues a warning.
+- `#8447 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8447>`_: Defining a custom pytest node type which is both an :class:`~pytest.Item` and a :class:`~pytest.Collector` (e.g. :class:`~pytest.File`) now issues a warning.
   It was never sanely supported and triggers hard to debug errors.
 
   See :ref:`the deprecation note <diamond-inheritance-deprecated>` for full details.
 
 
-- `#8592 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8592>`_: :hook:`pytest_cmdline_preparse` has been officially deprecated.  It will be removed in a future release.  Use :hook:`pytest_load_initial_conftests` instead.
+- `#8592 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8592>`_: ``pytest_cmdline_preparse`` has been officially deprecated.  It will be removed in a future release.  Use :hook:`pytest_load_initial_conftests` instead.
 
   See :ref:`the deprecation note <cmdline-preparse-deprecated>` for full details.
 
@@ -748,7 +1473,7 @@ Features
 - `#7132 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7132>`_: Added two environment variables :envvar:`PYTEST_THEME` and :envvar:`PYTEST_THEME_MODE` to let the users customize the pygments theme used.
 
 
-- `#7259 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7259>`_: Added :meth:`cache.mkdir() <pytest.Cache.mkdir>`, which is similar to the existing :meth:`cache.makedir() <pytest.Cache.makedir>`,
+- `#7259 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7259>`_: Added :meth:`cache.mkdir() <pytest.Cache.mkdir>`, which is similar to the existing ``cache.makedir()``,
   but returns a :class:`pathlib.Path` instead of a legacy ``py.path.local``.
 
   Added a ``paths`` type to :meth:`parser.addini() <pytest.Parser.addini>`,
@@ -774,7 +1499,7 @@ Features
   - ``pytest.HookRecorder`` for the :class:`HookRecorder <pytest.HookRecorder>` type returned from :class:`~pytest.Pytester`.
   - ``pytest.RecordedHookCall`` for the :class:`RecordedHookCall <pytest.HookRecorder>` type returned from :class:`~pytest.HookRecorder`.
   - ``pytest.RunResult`` for the :class:`RunResult <pytest.RunResult>` type returned from :class:`~pytest.Pytester`.
-  - ``pytest.LineMatcher`` for the :class:`LineMatcher <pytest.RunResult>` type used in :class:`~pytest.RunResult` and others.
+  - ``pytest.LineMatcher`` for the :class:`LineMatcher <pytest.LineMatcher>` type used in :class:`~pytest.RunResult` and others.
   - ``pytest.TestReport`` for the :class:`TestReport <pytest.TestReport>` type used in various hooks.
   - ``pytest.CollectReport`` for the :class:`CollectReport <pytest.CollectReport>` type used in various hooks.
 
@@ -807,7 +1532,7 @@ Features
 
 
 - `#8251 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8251>`_: Implement ``Node.path`` as a ``pathlib.Path``. Both the old ``fspath`` and this new attribute gets set no matter whether ``path`` or ``fspath`` (deprecated) is passed to the constructor. It is a replacement for the ``fspath`` attribute (which represents the same path as ``py.path.local``). While ``fspath`` is not deprecated yet
-  due to the ongoing migration of methods like :meth:`~_pytest.Item.reportinfo`, we expect to deprecate it in a future release.
+  due to the ongoing migration of methods like :meth:`~pytest.Item.reportinfo`, we expect to deprecate it in a future release.
 
   .. note::
       The name of the :class:`~_pytest.nodes.Node` arguments and attributes (the
@@ -839,7 +1564,7 @@ Features
   See :ref:`plugin-stash` for details.
 
 
-- `#8953 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8953>`_: :class:`RunResult <_pytest.pytester.RunResult>` method :meth:`assert_outcomes <_pytest.pytester.RunResult.assert_outcomes>` now accepts a
+- `#8953 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8953>`_: :class:`~pytest.RunResult` method :meth:`~pytest.RunResult.assert_outcomes` now accepts a
   ``warnings`` argument to assert the total number of warnings captured.
 
 
@@ -851,7 +1576,7 @@ Features
   used.
 
 
-- `#9113 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9113>`_: :class:`RunResult <_pytest.pytester.RunResult>` method :meth:`assert_outcomes <_pytest.pytester.RunResult.assert_outcomes>` now accepts a
+- `#9113 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9113>`_: :class:`~pytest.RunResult` method :meth:`~pytest.RunResult.assert_outcomes` now accepts a
   ``deselected`` argument to assert the total number of deselected tests.
 
 
@@ -864,7 +1589,7 @@ Improvements
 
 - `#7480 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7480>`_: A deprecation scheduled to be removed in a major version X (e.g. pytest 7, 8, 9, ...) now uses warning category `PytestRemovedInXWarning`,
   a subclass of :class:`~pytest.PytestDeprecationWarning`,
-  instead of :class:`PytestDeprecationWarning` directly.
+  instead of :class:`~pytest.PytestDeprecationWarning` directly.
 
   See :ref:`backwards-compatibility` for more details.
 
@@ -903,7 +1628,7 @@ Improvements
 
 - `#8803 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8803>`_: It is now possible to add colors to custom log levels on cli log.
 
-  By using :func:`add_color_level <_pytest.logging.add_color_level>` from a ``pytest_configure`` hook, colors can be added::
+  By using ``add_color_level`` from a :hook:`pytest_configure` hook, colors can be added::
 
       logging_plugin = config.pluginmanager.get_plugin('logging-plugin')
       logging_plugin.log_cli_handler.formatter.add_color_level(logging.INFO, 'cyan')
@@ -968,7 +1693,7 @@ Bug Fixes
 
 - `#8503 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8503>`_: :meth:`pytest.MonkeyPatch.syspath_prepend` no longer fails when
   ``setuptools`` is not installed.
-  It now only calls :func:`pkg_resources.fixup_namespace_packages` if
+  It now only calls ``pkg_resources.fixup_namespace_packages`` if
   ``pkg_resources`` was previously imported, because it is not needed otherwise.
 
 
@@ -1195,7 +1920,7 @@ Features
 
   This is part of the movement to use :class:`pathlib.Path` objects internally, in order to remove the dependency to ``py`` in the future.
 
-  Internally, the old :class:`Testdir <_pytest.pytester.Testdir>` is now a thin wrapper around :class:`Pytester <_pytest.pytester.Pytester>`, preserving the old interface.
+  Internally, the old ``pytest.Testdir`` is now a thin wrapper around :class:`~pytest.Pytester`, preserving the old interface.
 
 
 - :issue:`7695`: A new hook was added, `pytest_markeval_namespace` which should return a dictionary.
@@ -1233,7 +1958,7 @@ Features
 Improvements
 ------------
 
-- :issue:`1265`: Added an ``__str__`` implementation to the :class:`~pytest.pytester.LineMatcher` class which is returned from ``pytester.run_pytest().stdout`` and similar. It returns the entire output, like the existing ``str()`` method.
+- :issue:`1265`: Added an ``__str__`` implementation to the :class:`~pytest.LineMatcher` class which is returned from ``pytester.run_pytest().stdout`` and similar. It returns the entire output, like the existing ``str()`` method.
 
 
 - :issue:`2044`: Verbose mode now shows the reason that a test was skipped in the test's terminal line after the "SKIPPED", "XFAIL" or "XPASS".
@@ -1297,7 +2022,7 @@ Bug Fixes
 - :issue:`7911`: Directories created by by :fixture:`tmp_path` and :fixture:`tmpdir` are now considered stale after 3 days without modification (previous value was 3 hours) to avoid deleting directories still in use in long running test suites.
 
 
-- :issue:`7913`: Fixed a crash or hang in :meth:`pytester.spawn <_pytest.pytester.Pytester.spawn>` when the :mod:`readline` module is involved.
+- :issue:`7913`: Fixed a crash or hang in :meth:`pytester.spawn <pytest.Pytester.spawn>` when the :mod:`readline` module is involved.
 
 
 - :issue:`7951`: Fixed handling of recursive symlinks when collecting tests.
@@ -1414,7 +2139,7 @@ Deprecations
   if you use this and want a replacement.
 
 
-- :issue:`7255`: The :hook:`pytest_warning_captured` hook is deprecated in favor
+- :issue:`7255`: The ``pytest_warning_captured`` hook is deprecated in favor
   of :hook:`pytest_warning_recorded`, and will be removed in a future version.
 
 
@@ -1442,8 +2167,8 @@ Improvements
 - :issue:`7572`: When a plugin listed in ``required_plugins`` is missing or an unknown config key is used with ``--strict-config``, a simple error message is now shown instead of a stacktrace.
 
 
-- :issue:`7685`: Added two new attributes :attr:`rootpath <_pytest.config.Config.rootpath>` and :attr:`inipath <_pytest.config.Config.inipath>` to :class:`Config <_pytest.config.Config>`.
-  These attributes are :class:`pathlib.Path` versions of the existing :attr:`rootdir <_pytest.config.Config.rootdir>` and :attr:`inifile <_pytest.config.Config.inifile>` attributes,
+- :issue:`7685`: Added two new attributes :attr:`rootpath <pytest.Config.rootpath>` and :attr:`inipath <pytest.Config.inipath>` to :class:`~pytest.Config`.
+  These attributes are :class:`pathlib.Path` versions of the existing ``rootdir`` and ``inifile`` attributes,
   and should be preferred over them when possible.
 
 
@@ -1514,7 +2239,7 @@ Trivial/Internal Changes
 - :issue:`7587`: The dependency on the ``more-itertools`` package has been removed.
 
 
-- :issue:`7631`: The result type of :meth:`capfd.readouterr() <_pytest.capture.CaptureFixture.readouterr>` (and similar) is no longer a namedtuple,
+- :issue:`7631`: The result type of :meth:`capfd.readouterr() <pytest.CaptureFixture.readouterr>` (and similar) is no longer a namedtuple,
   but should behave like one in all respects. This was done for technical reasons.
 
 
@@ -1892,10 +2617,10 @@ Improvements
 - :issue:`7128`: `pytest --version` now displays just the pytest version, while `pytest --version --version` displays more verbose information including plugins. This is more consistent with how other tools show `--version`.
 
 
-- :issue:`7133`: :meth:`caplog.set_level() <_pytest.logging.LogCaptureFixture.set_level>` will now override any :confval:`log_level` set via the CLI or configuration file.
+- :issue:`7133`: :meth:`caplog.set_level() <pytest.LogCaptureFixture.set_level>` will now override any :confval:`log_level` set via the CLI or configuration file.
 
 
-- :issue:`7159`: :meth:`caplog.set_level() <_pytest.logging.LogCaptureFixture.set_level>` and :meth:`caplog.at_level() <_pytest.logging.LogCaptureFixture.at_level>` no longer affect
+- :issue:`7159`: :meth:`caplog.set_level() <pytest.LogCaptureFixture.set_level>` and :meth:`caplog.at_level() <pytest.LogCaptureFixture.at_level>` no longer affect
   the level of logs that are shown in the *Captured log report* report section.
 
 
@@ -1990,7 +2715,7 @@ Bug Fixes
   parameter when Python is called with the ``-bb`` flag.
 
 
-- :issue:`7143`: Fix :meth:`pytest.File.from_parent` so it forwards extra keyword arguments to the constructor.
+- :issue:`7143`: Fix :meth:`pytest.File.from_parent <_pytest.nodes.Node.from_parent>` so it forwards extra keyword arguments to the constructor.
 
 
 - :issue:`7145`: Classes with broken ``__getattribute__`` methods are displayed correctly during failures.
@@ -2241,7 +2966,7 @@ Improvements
 - :issue:`6384`: Make `--showlocals` work also with `--tb=short`.
 
 
-- :issue:`6653`: Add support for matching lines consecutively with :attr:`LineMatcher <_pytest.pytester.LineMatcher>`'s :func:`~_pytest.pytester.LineMatcher.fnmatch_lines` and :func:`~_pytest.pytester.LineMatcher.re_match_lines`.
+- :issue:`6653`: Add support for matching lines consecutively with :class:`~pytest.LineMatcher`'s :func:`~pytest.LineMatcher.fnmatch_lines` and :func:`~pytest.LineMatcher.re_match_lines`.
 
 
 - :issue:`6658`: Code is now highlighted in tracebacks when ``pygments`` is installed.
@@ -2309,7 +3034,7 @@ Bug Fixes
 - :issue:`6597`: Fix node ids which contain a parametrized empty-string variable.
 
 
-- :issue:`6646`: Assertion rewriting hooks are (re)stored for the current item, which fixes them being still used after e.g. pytester's :func:`testdir.runpytest <_pytest.pytester.Testdir.runpytest>` etc.
+- :issue:`6646`: Assertion rewriting hooks are (re)stored for the current item, which fixes them being still used after e.g. pytester's ``testdir.runpytest`` etc.
 
 
 - :issue:`6660`: :py:func:`pytest.exit` is handled when emitted from the :hook:`pytest_sessionfinish` hook.  This includes quitting from a debugger.
@@ -2375,7 +3100,7 @@ Bug Fixes
   ``multiprocessing`` module.
 
 
-- :issue:`6436`: :class:`FixtureDef <_pytest.fixtures.FixtureDef>` objects now properly register their finalizers with autouse and
+- :issue:`6436`: :class:`~pytest.FixtureDef` objects now properly register their finalizers with autouse and
   parameterized fixtures that execute before them in the fixture stack so they are torn
   down at the right times, and in the right order.
 
@@ -2431,7 +3156,7 @@ Improvements
 Bug Fixes
 ---------
 
-- :issue:`5914`: pytester: fix :py:func:`~_pytest.pytester.LineMatcher.no_fnmatch_line` when used after positive matching.
+- :issue:`5914`: pytester: fix :py:func:`~pytest.LineMatcher.no_fnmatch_line` when used after positive matching.
 
 
 - :issue:`6082`: Fix line detection for doctest samples inside :py:class:`python:property` docstrings, as a workaround to :bpo:`17446`.
@@ -2495,8 +3220,8 @@ Features
   rather than implicitly.
 
 
-- :issue:`5914`: :fixture:`testdir` learned two new functions, :py:func:`~_pytest.pytester.LineMatcher.no_fnmatch_line` and
-  :py:func:`~_pytest.pytester.LineMatcher.no_re_match_line`.
+- :issue:`5914`: :fixture:`testdir` learned two new functions, :py:func:`~pytest.LineMatcher.no_fnmatch_line` and
+  :py:func:`~pytest.LineMatcher.no_re_match_line`.
 
   The functions are used to ensure the captured text *does not* match the given
   pattern.
@@ -6348,7 +7073,7 @@ Changes
 * fix :issue:`2013`: turn RecordedWarning into ``namedtuple``,
   to give it a comprehensible repr while preventing unwarranted modification.
 
-* fix :issue:`2208`: ensure an iteration limit for _pytest.compat.get_real_func.
+* fix :issue:`2208`: ensure an iteration limit for ``_pytest.compat.get_real_func``.
   Thanks :user:`RonnyPfannschmidt` for the report and PR.
 
 * Hooks are now verified after collection is complete, rather than right after loading installed plugins. This

doc/en/conf.py

@@ -15,16 +15,15 @@
 #
 # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
 # The short X.Y version.
-import ast
 import os
 import shutil
 import sys
 from textwrap import dedent
-from typing import List
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from _pytest import __version__ as version
 
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     import sphinx.application
 
@@ -171,6 +170,49 @@ extlinks = {
 }
 
 
+nitpicky = True
+nitpick_ignore = [
+    # TODO (fix in pluggy?)
+    ("py:class", "HookCaller"),
+    ("py:class", "HookspecMarker"),
+    ("py:exc", "PluginValidationError"),
+    # Might want to expose/TODO (https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7469)
+    ("py:class", "ExceptionRepr"),
+    ("py:class", "Exit"),
+    ("py:class", "SubRequest"),
+    ("py:class", "SubRequest"),
+    ("py:class", "TerminalReporter"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest._code.code.TerminalRepr"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.fixtures.FixtureFunctionMarker"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.logging.LogCaptureHandler"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.mark.structures.ParameterSet"),
+    # Intentionally undocumented/private
+    ("py:class", "_pytest._code.code.Traceback"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest._py.path.LocalPath"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.capture.CaptureResult"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.compat.NotSetType"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.python.PyCollector"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.python.PyobjMixin"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.python_api.RaisesContext"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.recwarn.WarningsChecker"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.reports.BaseReport"),
+    # Undocumented third parties
+    ("py:class", "_tracing.TagTracerSub"),
+    ("py:class", "warnings.WarningMessage"),
+    # Undocumented type aliases
+    ("py:class", "_PluggyPlugin"),
+    # TypeVars
+    ("py:class", "_pytest._code.code.E"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.fixtures.FixtureFunction"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.nodes._NodeType"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.python_api.E"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.recwarn.T"),
+    ("py:class", "_pytest.runner.TResult"),
+    ("py:obj", "_pytest.fixtures.FixtureValue"),
+    ("py:obj", "_pytest.stash.T"),
+]
+
+
 # -- Options for HTML output ---------------------------------------------------
 
 sys.path.append(os.path.abspath("_themes"))
@@ -399,9 +441,10 @@ intersphinx_mapping = {
 
 def configure_logging(app: "sphinx.application.Sphinx") -> None:
     """Configure Sphinx's WarningHandler to handle (expected) missing include."""
-    import sphinx.util.logging
     import logging
 
+    import sphinx.util.logging
+
     class WarnLogFilter(logging.Filter):
         def filter(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> bool:
             """Ignore warnings about missing include with "only" directive.
@@ -451,25 +494,6 @@ def setup(app: "sphinx.application.Sphinx") -> None:
 
     configure_logging(app)
 
-    # Make Sphinx mark classes with "final" when decorated with @final.
-    # We need this because we import final from pytest._compat, not from
-    # typing (for Python < 3.8 compat), so Sphinx doesn't detect it.
-    # To keep things simple we accept any `@final` decorator.
-    # Ref: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/pull/7780
-    import sphinx.pycode.ast
-    import sphinx.pycode.parser
-
-    original_is_final = sphinx.pycode.parser.VariableCommentPicker.is_final
-
-    def patched_is_final(self, decorators: List[ast.expr]) -> bool:
-        if original_is_final(self, decorators):
-            return True
-        return any(
-            sphinx.pycode.ast.unparse(decorator) == "final" for decorator in decorators
-        )
-
-    sphinx.pycode.parser.VariableCommentPicker.is_final = patched_is_final
-
     # legacypath.py monkey-patches pytest.Testdir in. Import the file so
     # that autodoc can discover references to it.
     import _pytest.legacypath  # noqa: F401

doc/en/contents.rst

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ How-to guides
 
    how-to/existingtestsuite
    how-to/unittest
-   how-to/nose
    how-to/xunit_setup
 
    how-to/bash-completion

doc/en/deprecations.rst

@@ -19,170 +19,6 @@ Below is a complete list of all pytest features which are considered deprecated.
 :class:`~pytest.PytestWarning` or subclasses, which can be filtered using :ref:`standard warning filters <warnings>`.
 
 
-.. _nose-deprecation:
-
-Support for tests written for nose
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-.. deprecated:: 7.2
-
-Support for running tests written for `nose <https://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`__ is now deprecated.
-
-``nose`` has been in maintenance mode-only for years, and maintaining the plugin is not trivial as it spills
-over the code base (see :issue:`9886` for more details).
-
-setup/teardown
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-One thing that might catch users by surprise is that plain ``setup`` and ``teardown`` methods are not pytest native,
-they are in fact part of the ``nose`` support.
-
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    class Test:
-        def setup(self):
-            self.resource = make_resource()
-
-        def teardown(self):
-            self.resource.close()
-
-        def test_foo(self):
-            ...
-
-        def test_bar(self):
-            ...
-
-
-
-Native pytest support uses ``setup_method`` and ``teardown_method`` (see :ref:`xunit-method-setup`), so the above should be changed to:
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    class Test:
-        def setup_method(self):
-            self.resource = make_resource()
-
-        def teardown_method(self):
-            self.resource.close()
-
-        def test_foo(self):
-            ...
-
-        def test_bar(self):
-            ...
-
-
-This is easy to do in an entire code base by doing a simple find/replace.
-
-@with_setup
-^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-Code using `@with_setup <with-setup-nose>`_ such as this:
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    from nose.tools import with_setup
-
-
-    def setup_some_resource():
-        ...
-
-
-    def teardown_some_resource():
-        ...
-
-
-    @with_setup(setup_some_resource, teardown_some_resource)
-    def test_foo():
-        ...
-
-Will also need to be ported to a supported pytest style. One way to do it is using a fixture:
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    import pytest
-
-
-    def setup_some_resource():
-        ...
-
-
-    def teardown_some_resource():
-        ...
-
-
-    @pytest.fixture
-    def some_resource():
-        setup_some_resource()
-        yield
-        teardown_some_resource()
-
-
-    def test_foo(some_resource):
-        ...
-
-
-.. _`with-setup-nose`: https://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/testing_tools.html?highlight=with_setup#nose.tools.with_setup
-
-.. _instance-collector-deprecation:
-
-The ``pytest.Instance`` collector
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-.. versionremoved:: 7.0
-
-The ``pytest.Instance`` collector type has been removed.
-
-Previously, Python test methods were collected as :class:`~pytest.Class` -> ``Instance`` -> :class:`~pytest.Function`.
-Now :class:`~pytest.Class` collects the test methods directly.
-
-Most plugins which reference ``Instance`` do so in order to ignore or skip it,
-using a check such as ``if isinstance(node, Instance): return``.
-Such plugins should simply remove consideration of ``Instance`` on pytest>=7.
-However, to keep such uses working, a dummy type has been instanted in ``pytest.Instance`` and ``_pytest.python.Instance``,
-and importing it emits a deprecation warning. This will be removed in pytest 8.
-
-
-.. _node-ctor-fspath-deprecation:
-
-``fspath`` argument for Node constructors replaced with ``pathlib.Path``
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-.. deprecated:: 7.0
-
-In order to support the transition from ``py.path.local`` to :mod:`pathlib`,
-the ``fspath`` argument to :class:`~_pytest.nodes.Node` constructors like
-:func:`pytest.Function.from_parent()` and :func:`pytest.Class.from_parent()`
-is now deprecated.
-
-Plugins which construct nodes should pass the ``path`` argument, of type
-:class:`pathlib.Path`, instead of the ``fspath`` argument.
-
-Plugins which implement custom items and collectors are encouraged to replace
-``fspath`` parameters (``py.path.local``) with ``path`` parameters
-(``pathlib.Path``), and drop any other usage of the ``py`` library if possible.
-
-If possible, plugins with custom items should use :ref:`cooperative
-constructors <uncooperative-constructors-deprecated>` to avoid hardcoding
-arguments they only pass on to the superclass.
-
-.. note::
-    The name of the :class:`~_pytest.nodes.Node` arguments and attributes (the
-    new attribute being ``path``) is **the opposite** of the situation for
-    hooks, :ref:`outlined below <legacy-path-hooks-deprecated>` (the old
-    argument being ``path``).
-
-    This is an unfortunate artifact due to historical reasons, which should be
-    resolved in future versions as we slowly get rid of the :pypi:`py`
-    dependency (see :issue:`9283` for a longer discussion).
-
-Due to the ongoing migration of methods like :meth:`~_pytest.Item.reportinfo`
-which still is expected to return a ``py.path.local`` object, nodes still have
-both ``fspath`` (``py.path.local``) and ``path`` (``pathlib.Path``) attributes,
-no matter what argument was used in the constructor. We expect to deprecate the
-``fspath`` attribute in a future release.
-
 .. _legacy-path-hooks-deprecated:
 
 Configuring hook specs/impls using markers
@@ -197,13 +33,11 @@ have been available since years and should be used instead.
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.tryfirst
-    def pytest_runtest_call():
-        ...
+    def pytest_runtest_call(): ...
 
 
     # or
-    def pytest_runtest_call():
-        ...
+    def pytest_runtest_call(): ...
 
 
     pytest_runtest_call.tryfirst = True
@@ -213,8 +47,7 @@ should be changed to:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
-    def pytest_runtest_call():
-        ...
+    def pytest_runtest_call(): ...
 
 Changed ``hookimpl`` attributes:
 
@@ -229,31 +62,6 @@ Changed ``hookwrapper`` attributes:
 * ``historic``
 
 
-``py.path.local`` arguments for hooks replaced with ``pathlib.Path``
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-.. deprecated:: 7.0
-
-In order to support the transition from ``py.path.local`` to :mod:`pathlib`, the following hooks now receive additional arguments:
-
-*  :hook:`pytest_ignore_collect(collection_path: pathlib.Path) <pytest_ignore_collect>` as equivalent to ``path``
-*  :hook:`pytest_collect_file(file_path: pathlib.Path) <pytest_collect_file>` as equivalent to ``path``
-*  :hook:`pytest_pycollect_makemodule(module_path: pathlib.Path) <pytest_pycollect_makemodule>` as equivalent to ``path``
-*  :hook:`pytest_report_header(start_path: pathlib.Path) <pytest_report_header>` as equivalent to ``startdir``
-*  :hook:`pytest_report_collectionfinish(start_path: pathlib.Path) <pytest_report_collectionfinish>` as equivalent to ``startdir``
-
-The accompanying ``py.path.local`` based paths have been deprecated: plugins which manually invoke those hooks should only pass the new ``pathlib.Path`` arguments, and users should change their hook implementations to use the new ``pathlib.Path`` arguments.
-
-.. note::
-    The name of the :class:`~_pytest.nodes.Node` arguments and attributes,
-    :ref:`outlined above <node-ctor-fspath-deprecation>` (the new attribute
-    being ``path``) is **the opposite** of the situation for hooks (the old
-    argument being ``path``).
-
-    This is an unfortunate artifact due to historical reasons, which should be
-    resolved in future versions as we slowly get rid of the :pypi:`py`
-    dependency (see :issue:`9283` for a longer discussion).
-
 Directly constructing internal classes
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -273,62 +81,6 @@ Directly constructing the following classes is now deprecated:
 
 These constructors have always been considered private, but now issue a deprecation warning, which may become a hard error in pytest 8.
 
-.. _cmdline-preparse-deprecated:
-
-Passing ``msg=`` to ``pytest.skip``, ``pytest.fail`` or ``pytest.exit``
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-.. deprecated:: 7.0
-
-Passing the keyword argument ``msg`` to :func:`pytest.skip`, :func:`pytest.fail` or :func:`pytest.exit`
-is now deprecated and ``reason`` should be used instead.  This change is to bring consistency between these
-functions and the ``@pytest.mark.skip`` and ``@pytest.mark.xfail`` markers which already accept a ``reason`` argument.
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    def test_fail_example():
-        # old
-        pytest.fail(msg="foo")
-        # new
-        pytest.fail(reason="bar")
-
-
-    def test_skip_example():
-        # old
-        pytest.skip(msg="foo")
-        # new
-        pytest.skip(reason="bar")
-
-
-    def test_exit_example():
-        # old
-        pytest.exit(msg="foo")
-        # new
-        pytest.exit(reason="bar")
-
-
-Implementing the ``pytest_cmdline_preparse`` hook
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-.. deprecated:: 7.0
-
-Implementing the :hook:`pytest_cmdline_preparse` hook has been officially deprecated.
-Implement the :hook:`pytest_load_initial_conftests` hook instead.
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    def pytest_cmdline_preparse(config: Config, args: List[str]) -> None:
-        ...
-
-
-    # becomes:
-
-
-    def pytest_load_initial_conftests(
-        early_config: Config, parser: Parser, args: List[str]
-    ) -> None:
-        ...
-
 .. _diamond-inheritance-deprecated:
 
 Diamond inheritance between :class:`pytest.Collector` and :class:`pytest.Item`
@@ -336,7 +88,7 @@ Diamond inheritance between :class:`pytest.Collector` and :class:`pytest.Item`
 
 .. deprecated:: 7.0
 
-Defining a custom pytest node type which is both an :class:`pytest.Item <Item>` and a :class:`pytest.Collector <Collector>` (e.g. :class:`pytest.File <File>`) now issues a warning.
+Defining a custom pytest node type which is both an :class:`~pytest.Item` and a :class:`~pytest.Collector` (e.g. :class:`~pytest.File`) now issues a warning.
 It was never sanely supported and triggers hard to debug errors.
 
 Some plugins providing linting/code analysis have been using this as a hack.
@@ -348,8 +100,8 @@ Instead, a separate collector node should be used, which collects the item. See
 
 .. _uncooperative-constructors-deprecated:
 
-Constructors of custom :class:`pytest.Node` subclasses should take ``**kwargs``
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Constructors of custom :class:`~_pytest.nodes.Node` subclasses should take ``**kwargs``
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 .. deprecated:: 7.0
 
@@ -380,28 +132,22 @@ conflicts (such as :class:`pytest.File` now taking ``path`` instead of
 ``fspath``, as :ref:`outlined above <node-ctor-fspath-deprecation>`), a
 deprecation warning is now raised.
 
-Backward compatibilities in ``Parser.addoption``
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Applying a mark to a fixture function
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-.. deprecated:: 2.4
+.. deprecated:: 7.4
 
-Several behaviors of :meth:`Parser.addoption <pytest.Parser.addoption>` are now
-scheduled for removal in pytest 8 (deprecated since pytest 2.4.0):
+Applying a mark to a fixture function never had any effect, but it is a common user error.
 
-- ``parser.addoption(..., help=".. %default ..")`` - use ``%(default)s`` instead.
-- ``parser.addoption(..., type="int/string/float/complex")`` - use ``type=int`` etc. instead.
+.. code-block:: python
 
+    @pytest.mark.usefixtures("clean_database")
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def user() -> User: ...
 
-Using ``pytest.warns(None)``
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Users expected in this case that the ``usefixtures`` mark would have its intended effect of using the ``clean_database`` fixture when ``user`` was invoked, when in fact it has no effect at all.
 
-.. deprecated:: 7.0
-
-:func:`pytest.warns(None) <pytest.warns>` is now deprecated because it was frequently misused.
-Its correct usage was checking that the code emits at least one warning of any type - like ``pytest.warns()``
-or ``pytest.warns(Warning)``.
-
-See :ref:`warns use cases` for examples.
+Now pytest will issue a warning when it encounters this problem, and will raise an error in the future versions.
 
 
 Returning non-None value in test functions
@@ -444,19 +190,6 @@ The proper fix is to change the `return` to an `assert`:
         assert foo(a, b) == result
 
 
-The ``--strict`` command-line option
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-.. deprecated:: 6.2
-
-The ``--strict`` command-line option has been deprecated in favor of ``--strict-markers``, which
-better conveys what the option does.
-
-We have plans to maybe in the future to reintroduce ``--strict`` and make it an encompassing
-flag for all strictness related options (``--strict-markers`` and ``--strict-config``
-at the moment, more might be introduced in the future).
-
-
 The ``yield_fixture`` function/decorator
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -467,12 +200,415 @@ The ``yield_fixture`` function/decorator
 It has been so for a very long time, so can be search/replaced safely.
 
 
-Removed Features
-----------------
+Removed Features and Breaking Changes
+-------------------------------------
 
 As stated in our :ref:`backwards-compatibility` policy, deprecated features are removed only in major releases after
 an appropriate period of deprecation has passed.
 
+Some breaking changes which could not be deprecated are also listed.
+
+.. _node-ctor-fspath-deprecation:
+
+``fspath`` argument for Node constructors replaced with ``pathlib.Path``
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. deprecated:: 7.0
+
+In order to support the transition from ``py.path.local`` to :mod:`pathlib`,
+the ``fspath`` argument to :class:`~_pytest.nodes.Node` constructors like
+:func:`pytest.Function.from_parent()` and :func:`pytest.Class.from_parent()`
+is now deprecated.
+
+Plugins which construct nodes should pass the ``path`` argument, of type
+:class:`pathlib.Path`, instead of the ``fspath`` argument.
+
+Plugins which implement custom items and collectors are encouraged to replace
+``fspath`` parameters (``py.path.local``) with ``path`` parameters
+(``pathlib.Path``), and drop any other usage of the ``py`` library if possible.
+
+If possible, plugins with custom items should use :ref:`cooperative
+constructors <uncooperative-constructors-deprecated>` to avoid hardcoding
+arguments they only pass on to the superclass.
+
+.. note::
+    The name of the :class:`~_pytest.nodes.Node` arguments and attributes (the
+    new attribute being ``path``) is **the opposite** of the situation for
+    hooks, :ref:`outlined below <legacy-path-hooks-deprecated>` (the old
+    argument being ``path``).
+
+    This is an unfortunate artifact due to historical reasons, which should be
+    resolved in future versions as we slowly get rid of the :pypi:`py`
+    dependency (see :issue:`9283` for a longer discussion).
+
+Due to the ongoing migration of methods like :meth:`~pytest.Item.reportinfo`
+which still is expected to return a ``py.path.local`` object, nodes still have
+both ``fspath`` (``py.path.local``) and ``path`` (``pathlib.Path``) attributes,
+no matter what argument was used in the constructor. We expect to deprecate the
+``fspath`` attribute in a future release.
+
+
+``py.path.local`` arguments for hooks replaced with ``pathlib.Path``
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. deprecated:: 7.0
+.. versionremoved:: 8.0
+
+In order to support the transition from ``py.path.local`` to :mod:`pathlib`, the following hooks now receive additional arguments:
+
+*  :hook:`pytest_ignore_collect(collection_path: pathlib.Path) <pytest_ignore_collect>` as equivalent to ``path``
+*  :hook:`pytest_collect_file(file_path: pathlib.Path) <pytest_collect_file>` as equivalent to ``path``
+*  :hook:`pytest_pycollect_makemodule(module_path: pathlib.Path) <pytest_pycollect_makemodule>` as equivalent to ``path``
+*  :hook:`pytest_report_header(start_path: pathlib.Path) <pytest_report_header>` as equivalent to ``startdir``
+*  :hook:`pytest_report_collectionfinish(start_path: pathlib.Path) <pytest_report_collectionfinish>` as equivalent to ``startdir``
+
+The accompanying ``py.path.local`` based paths have been deprecated: plugins which manually invoke those hooks should only pass the new ``pathlib.Path`` arguments, and users should change their hook implementations to use the new ``pathlib.Path`` arguments.
+
+.. note::
+    The name of the :class:`~_pytest.nodes.Node` arguments and attributes,
+    :ref:`outlined above <node-ctor-fspath-deprecation>` (the new attribute
+    being ``path``) is **the opposite** of the situation for hooks (the old
+    argument being ``path``).
+
+    This is an unfortunate artifact due to historical reasons, which should be
+    resolved in future versions as we slowly get rid of the :pypi:`py`
+    dependency (see :issue:`9283` for a longer discussion).
+
+
+.. _nose-deprecation:
+
+Support for tests written for nose
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. deprecated:: 7.2
+.. versionremoved:: 8.0
+
+Support for running tests written for `nose <https://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`__ is now deprecated.
+
+``nose`` has been in maintenance mode-only for years, and maintaining the plugin is not trivial as it spills
+over the code base (see :issue:`9886` for more details).
+
+setup/teardown
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+One thing that might catch users by surprise is that plain ``setup`` and ``teardown`` methods are not pytest native,
+they are in fact part of the ``nose`` support.
+
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    class Test:
+        def setup(self):
+            self.resource = make_resource()
+
+        def teardown(self):
+            self.resource.close()
+
+        def test_foo(self): ...
+
+        def test_bar(self): ...
+
+
+
+Native pytest support uses ``setup_method`` and ``teardown_method`` (see :ref:`xunit-method-setup`), so the above should be changed to:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    class Test:
+        def setup_method(self):
+            self.resource = make_resource()
+
+        def teardown_method(self):
+            self.resource.close()
+
+        def test_foo(self): ...
+
+        def test_bar(self): ...
+
+
+This is easy to do in an entire code base by doing a simple find/replace.
+
+@with_setup
+^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Code using `@with_setup <with-setup-nose>`_ such as this:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from nose.tools import with_setup
+
+
+    def setup_some_resource(): ...
+
+
+    def teardown_some_resource(): ...
+
+
+    @with_setup(setup_some_resource, teardown_some_resource)
+    def test_foo(): ...
+
+Will also need to be ported to a supported pytest style. One way to do it is using a fixture:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    import pytest
+
+
+    def setup_some_resource(): ...
+
+
+    def teardown_some_resource(): ...
+
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def some_resource():
+        setup_some_resource()
+        yield
+        teardown_some_resource()
+
+
+    def test_foo(some_resource): ...
+
+
+.. _`with-setup-nose`: https://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/testing_tools.html?highlight=with_setup#nose.tools.with_setup
+
+
+The ``compat_co_firstlineno`` attribute
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Nose inspects this attribute on function objects to allow overriding the function's inferred line number.
+Pytest no longer respects this attribute.
+
+
+
+Passing ``msg=`` to ``pytest.skip``, ``pytest.fail`` or ``pytest.exit``
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. deprecated:: 7.0
+.. versionremoved:: 8.0
+
+Passing the keyword argument ``msg`` to :func:`pytest.skip`, :func:`pytest.fail` or :func:`pytest.exit`
+is now deprecated and ``reason`` should be used instead.  This change is to bring consistency between these
+functions and the ``@pytest.mark.skip`` and ``@pytest.mark.xfail`` markers which already accept a ``reason`` argument.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    def test_fail_example():
+        # old
+        pytest.fail(msg="foo")
+        # new
+        pytest.fail(reason="bar")
+
+
+    def test_skip_example():
+        # old
+        pytest.skip(msg="foo")
+        # new
+        pytest.skip(reason="bar")
+
+
+    def test_exit_example():
+        # old
+        pytest.exit(msg="foo")
+        # new
+        pytest.exit(reason="bar")
+
+
+.. _instance-collector-deprecation:
+
+The ``pytest.Instance`` collector
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. versionremoved:: 7.0
+
+The ``pytest.Instance`` collector type has been removed.
+
+Previously, Python test methods were collected as :class:`~pytest.Class` -> ``Instance`` -> :class:`~pytest.Function`.
+Now :class:`~pytest.Class` collects the test methods directly.
+
+Most plugins which reference ``Instance`` do so in order to ignore or skip it,
+using a check such as ``if isinstance(node, Instance): return``.
+Such plugins should simply remove consideration of ``Instance`` on pytest>=7.
+However, to keep such uses working, a dummy type has been instanted in ``pytest.Instance`` and ``_pytest.python.Instance``,
+and importing it emits a deprecation warning. This was removed in pytest 8.
+
+
+Using ``pytest.warns(None)``
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. deprecated:: 7.0
+.. versionremoved:: 8.0
+
+:func:`pytest.warns(None) <pytest.warns>` is now deprecated because it was frequently misused.
+Its correct usage was checking that the code emits at least one warning of any type - like ``pytest.warns()``
+or ``pytest.warns(Warning)``.
+
+See :ref:`warns use cases` for examples.
+
+
+Backward compatibilities in ``Parser.addoption``
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. deprecated:: 2.4
+.. versionremoved:: 8.0
+
+Several behaviors of :meth:`Parser.addoption <pytest.Parser.addoption>` are now
+removed in pytest 8 (deprecated since pytest 2.4.0):
+
+- ``parser.addoption(..., help=".. %default ..")`` - use ``%(default)s`` instead.
+- ``parser.addoption(..., type="int/string/float/complex")`` - use ``type=int`` etc. instead.
+
+
+The ``--strict`` command-line option
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. deprecated:: 6.2
+.. versionremoved:: 8.0
+
+The ``--strict`` command-line option has been deprecated in favor of ``--strict-markers``, which
+better conveys what the option does.
+
+We have plans to maybe in the future to reintroduce ``--strict`` and make it an encompassing
+flag for all strictness related options (``--strict-markers`` and ``--strict-config``
+at the moment, more might be introduced in the future).
+
+
+.. _cmdline-preparse-deprecated:
+
+Implementing the ``pytest_cmdline_preparse`` hook
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. deprecated:: 7.0
+.. versionremoved:: 8.0
+
+Implementing the ``pytest_cmdline_preparse`` hook has been officially deprecated.
+Implement the :hook:`pytest_load_initial_conftests` hook instead.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    def pytest_cmdline_preparse(config: Config, args: List[str]) -> None: ...
+
+
+    # becomes:
+
+
+    def pytest_load_initial_conftests(
+        early_config: Config, parser: Parser, args: List[str]
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+
+Collection changes in pytest 8
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Added a new :class:`pytest.Directory` base collection node, which all collector nodes for filesystem directories are expected to subclass.
+This is analogous to the existing :class:`pytest.File` for file nodes.
+
+Changed :class:`pytest.Package` to be a subclass of :class:`pytest.Directory`.
+A ``Package`` represents a filesystem directory which is a Python package,
+i.e. contains an ``__init__.py`` file.
+
+:class:`pytest.Package` now only collects files in its own directory; previously it collected recursively.
+Sub-directories are collected as sub-collector nodes, thus creating a collection tree which mirrors the filesystem hierarchy.
+
+:attr:`session.name <pytest.Session.name>` is now ``""``; previously it was the rootdir directory name.
+This matches :attr:`session.nodeid <_pytest.nodes.Node.nodeid>` which has always been `""`.
+
+Added a new :class:`pytest.Dir` concrete collection node, a subclass of :class:`pytest.Directory`.
+This node represents a filesystem directory, which is not a :class:`pytest.Package`,
+i.e. does not contain an ``__init__.py`` file.
+Similarly to ``Package``, it only collects the files in its own directory,
+while collecting sub-directories as sub-collector nodes.
+
+Files and directories are now collected in alphabetical order jointly, unless changed by a plugin.
+Previously, files were collected before directories.
+
+The collection tree now contains directories/packages up to the :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>`,
+for initial arguments that are found within the rootdir.
+For files outside the rootdir, only the immediate directory/package is collected --
+note however that collecting from outside the rootdir is discouraged.
+
+As an example, given the following filesystem tree::
+
+    myroot/
+        pytest.ini
+        top/
+        ├── aaa
+        │   └── test_aaa.py
+        ├── test_a.py
+        ├── test_b
+        │   ├── __init__.py
+        │   └── test_b.py
+        ├── test_c.py
+        └── zzz
+            ├── __init__.py
+            └── test_zzz.py
+
+the collection tree, as shown by `pytest --collect-only top/` but with the otherwise-hidden :class:`~pytest.Session` node added for clarity,
+is now the following::
+
+    <Session>
+      <Dir myroot>
+        <Dir top>
+          <Dir aaa>
+            <Module test_aaa.py>
+              <Function test_it>
+          <Module test_a.py>
+            <Function test_it>
+          <Package test_b>
+            <Module test_b.py>
+              <Function test_it>
+          <Module test_c.py>
+            <Function test_it>
+          <Package zzz>
+            <Module test_zzz.py>
+              <Function test_it>
+
+Previously, it was::
+
+    <Session>
+      <Module top/test_a.py>
+        <Function test_it>
+      <Module top/test_c.py>
+        <Function test_it>
+      <Module top/aaa/test_aaa.py>
+        <Function test_it>
+      <Package test_b>
+        <Module test_b.py>
+          <Function test_it>
+      <Package zzz>
+        <Module test_zzz.py>
+          <Function test_it>
+
+Code/plugins which rely on a specific shape of the collection tree might need to update.
+
+
+:class:`pytest.Package` is no longer a :class:`pytest.Module` or :class:`pytest.File`
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. versionchanged:: 8.0
+
+The ``Package`` collector node designates a Python package, that is, a directory with an `__init__.py` file.
+Previously ``Package`` was a subtype of ``pytest.Module`` (which represents a single Python module),
+the module being the `__init__.py` file.
+This has been deemed a design mistake (see :issue:`11137` and :issue:`7777` for details).
+
+The ``path`` property of ``Package`` nodes now points to the package directory instead of the ``__init__.py`` file.
+
+Note that a ``Module`` node for ``__init__.py`` (which is not a ``Package``) may still exist,
+if it is picked up during collection (e.g. if you configured :confval:`python_files` to include ``__init__.py`` files).
+
+
+Collecting ``__init__.py`` files no longer collects package
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. versionremoved:: 8.0
+
+Running `pytest pkg/__init__.py` now collects the `pkg/__init__.py` file (module) only.
+Previously, it collected the entire `pkg` package, including other test files in the directory, but excluding tests in the `__init__.py` file itself
+(unless :confval:`python_files` was changed to allow `__init__.py` file).
+
+To collect the entire package, specify just the directory: `pytest pkg`.
+
 
 The ``pytest.collect`` module
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -596,7 +732,7 @@ By using ``legacy`` you will keep using the legacy/xunit1 format when upgrading
 pytest 6.0, where the default format will be ``xunit2``.
 
 In order to let users know about the transition, pytest will issue a warning in case
-the ``--junitxml`` option is given in the command line but ``junit_family`` is not explicitly
+the ``--junit-xml`` option is given in the command line but ``junit_family`` is not explicitly
 configured in ``pytest.ini``.
 
 Services known to support the ``xunit2`` format:
@@ -773,8 +909,7 @@ Applying marks to values of a ``pytest.mark.parametrize`` call is now deprecated
             (50, 500),
         ],
     )
-    def test_foo(a, b):
-        ...
+    def test_foo(a, b): ...
 
 This code applies the ``pytest.mark.xfail(reason="flaky")`` mark to the ``(6, 36)`` value of the above parametrization
 call.
@@ -797,8 +932,7 @@ To update the code, use ``pytest.param``:
             (50, 500),
         ],
     )
-    def test_foo(a, b):
-        ...
+    def test_foo(a, b): ...
 
 
 .. _pytest_funcarg__ prefix deprecated:
@@ -949,15 +1083,13 @@ This is just a matter of renaming the fixture as the API is the same:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    def test_foo(record_xml_property):
-        ...
+    def test_foo(record_xml_property): ...
 
 Change to:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    def test_foo(record_property):
-        ...
+    def test_foo(record_property): ...
 
 
 .. _passing command-line string to pytest.main deprecated:
@@ -1119,8 +1251,7 @@ Example of usage:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    class MySymbol:
-        ...
+    class MySymbol: ...
 
 
     def pytest_namespace():

doc/en/example/assertion/failure_demo.py

@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ class TestRaises:
         raise ValueError("demo error")
 
     def test_tupleerror(self):
-        a, b = [1]  # NOQA
+        a, b = [1]  # noqa: F841
 
     def test_reinterpret_fails_with_print_for_the_fun_of_it(self):
         items = [1, 2, 3]
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ class TestRaises:
         a, b = items.pop()
 
     def test_some_error(self):
-        if namenotexi:  # NOQA
+        if namenotexi:  # noqa: F821
             pass
 
     def func1(self):

doc/en/example/assertion/global_testmodule_config/conftest.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import os.path
 
 import pytest
 
+
 mydir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
 
 

doc/en/example/assertion/test_failures.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import os.path
 import shutil
 
+
 failure_demo = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "failure_demo.py")
 pytest_plugins = ("pytester",)
 

doc/en/example/conftest.py

@@ -1 +1 @@
-collect_ignore = ["nonpython"]
+collect_ignore = ["nonpython", "customdirectory"]

doc/en/example/customdirectory.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+.. _`custom directory collectors`:
+
+Using a custom directory collector
+====================================================
+
+By default, pytest collects directories using :class:`pytest.Package`, for directories with ``__init__.py`` files,
+and :class:`pytest.Dir` for other directories.
+If you want to customize how a directory is collected, you can write your own :class:`pytest.Directory` collector,
+and use :hook:`pytest_collect_directory` to hook it up.
+
+.. _`directory manifest plugin`:
+
+A basic example for a directory manifest file
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Suppose you want to customize how collection is done on a per-directory basis.
+Here is an example ``conftest.py`` plugin that allows directories to contain a ``manifest.json`` file,
+which defines how the collection should be done for the directory.
+In this example, only a simple list of files is supported,
+however you can imagine adding other keys, such as exclusions and globs.
+
+.. include:: customdirectory/conftest.py
+    :literal:
+
+You can create a ``manifest.json`` file and some test files:
+
+.. include:: customdirectory/tests/manifest.json
+    :literal:
+
+.. include:: customdirectory/tests/test_first.py
+    :literal:
+
+.. include:: customdirectory/tests/test_second.py
+    :literal:
+
+.. include:: customdirectory/tests/test_third.py
+    :literal:
+
+An you can now execute the test specification:
+
+.. code-block:: pytest
+
+    customdirectory $ pytest
+    =========================== test session starts ============================
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    rootdir: /home/sweet/project/customdirectory
+    configfile: pytest.ini
+    collected 2 items
+
+    tests/test_first.py .                                                [ 50%]
+    tests/test_second.py .                                               [100%]
+
+    ============================ 2 passed in 0.12s =============================
+
+.. regendoc:wipe
+
+Notice how ``test_three.py`` was not executed, because it is not listed in the manifest.
+
+You can verify that your custom collector appears in the collection tree:
+
+.. code-block:: pytest
+
+    customdirectory $ pytest --collect-only
+    =========================== test session starts ============================
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    rootdir: /home/sweet/project/customdirectory
+    configfile: pytest.ini
+    collected 2 items
+
+    <Dir customdirectory>
+      <ManifestDirectory tests>
+        <Module test_first.py>
+          <Function test_1>
+        <Module test_second.py>
+          <Function test_2>
+
+    ======================== 2 tests collected in 0.12s ========================

doc/en/example/customdirectory/conftest.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# content of conftest.py
+import json
+
+import pytest
+
+
+class ManifestDirectory(pytest.Directory):
+    def collect(self):
+        # The standard pytest behavior is to loop over all `test_*.py` files and
+        # call `pytest_collect_file` on each file. This collector instead reads
+        # the `manifest.json` file and only calls `pytest_collect_file` for the
+        # files defined there.
+        manifest_path = self.path / "manifest.json"
+        manifest = json.loads(manifest_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+        ihook = self.ihook
+        for file in manifest["files"]:
+            yield from ihook.pytest_collect_file(
+                file_path=self.path / file, parent=self
+            )
+
+
+@pytest.hookimpl
+def pytest_collect_directory(path, parent):
+    # Use our custom collector for directories containing a `mainfest.json` file.
+    if path.joinpath("manifest.json").is_file():
+        return ManifestDirectory.from_parent(parent=parent, path=path)
+    # Otherwise fallback to the standard behavior.
+    return None

doc/en/example/customdirectory/tests/manifest.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+    "files": [
+        "test_first.py",
+        "test_second.py"
+    ]
+}

doc/en/example/customdirectory/tests/test_first.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# content of test_first.py
+def test_1():
+    pass

doc/en/example/customdirectory/tests/test_second.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# content of test_second.py
+def test_2():
+    pass

doc/en/example/customdirectory/tests/test_third.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# content of test_third.py
+def test_3():
+    pass

doc/en/example/index.rst

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ For basic examples, see
 - :ref:`Fixtures <fixtures>` for basic fixture/setup examples
 - :ref:`parametrize` for basic test function parametrization
 - :ref:`unittest` for basic unittest integration
-- :ref:`noseintegration` for basic nosetests integration
 
 The following examples aim at various use cases you might encounter.
 
@@ -32,3 +31,4 @@ The following examples aim at various use cases you might encounter.
    special
    pythoncollection
    nonpython
+   customdirectory

doc/en/example/markers.rst

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ You can then restrict a test run to only run tests marked with ``webtest``:
 
     $ pytest -v -m webtest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 4 items / 3 deselected / 1 selected
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ Or the inverse, running all tests except the webtest ones:
 
     $ pytest -v -m "not webtest"
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 4 items / 1 deselected / 3 selected
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ tests based on their module, class, method, or function name:
 
     $ pytest -v test_server.py::TestClass::test_method
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 1 item
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ You can also select on the class:
 
     $ pytest -v test_server.py::TestClass
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 1 item
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ Or select multiple nodes:
 
     $ pytest -v test_server.py::TestClass test_server.py::test_send_http
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 2 items
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ Or select multiple nodes:
 
     Node IDs for failing tests are displayed in the test summary info
     when running pytest with the ``-rf`` option.  You can also
-    construct Node IDs from the output of ``pytest --collectonly``.
+    construct Node IDs from the output of ``pytest --collect-only``.
 
 Using ``-k expr`` to select tests based on their name
 -------------------------------------------------------
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ The expression matching is now case-insensitive.
 
     $ pytest -v -k http  # running with the above defined example module
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 4 items / 3 deselected / 1 selected
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ And you can also run all tests except the ones that match the keyword:
 
     $ pytest -k "not send_http" -v
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 4 items / 1 deselected / 3 selected
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ Or to select "http" and "quick" tests:
 
     $ pytest -k "http or quick" -v
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 4 items / 2 deselected / 2 selected
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ the test needs:
 
     $ pytest -E stage2
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 1 item
 
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ and here is one that specifies exactly the environment needed:
 
     $ pytest -E stage1
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 1 item
 
@@ -604,7 +604,7 @@ then you will see two tests skipped and two executed tests as expected:
 
     $ pytest -rs # this option reports skip reasons
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 4 items
 
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ Note that if you specify a platform via the marker-command line option like this
 
     $ pytest -m linux
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 4 items / 3 deselected / 1 selected
 
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ We can now use the ``-m option`` to select one set:
 
     $ pytest -m interface --tb=short
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 4 items / 2 deselected / 2 selected
 
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ or to select both "event" and "interface" tests:
 
     $ pytest -m "interface or event" --tb=short
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 4 items / 1 deselected / 3 selected
 

doc/en/example/multipython.py

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-"""
-module containing a parametrized tests testing cross-python
-serialization via the pickle module.
-"""
+"""Module containing a parametrized tests testing cross-python serialization
+via the pickle module."""
+
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 import textwrap
 
 import pytest
 
-pythonlist = ["python3.5", "python3.6", "python3.7"]
+
+pythonlist = ["python3.9", "python3.10", "python3.11"]
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(params=pythonlist)
@@ -33,37 +33,33 @@ class Python:
         dumpfile = self.picklefile.with_name("dump.py")
         dumpfile.write_text(
             textwrap.dedent(
-                r"""
+                rf"""
                 import pickle
-                f = open({!r}, 'wb')
-                s = pickle.dump({!r}, f, protocol=2)
+                f = open({str(self.picklefile)!r}, 'wb')
+                s = pickle.dump({obj!r}, f, protocol=2)
                 f.close()
-                """.format(
-                    str(self.picklefile), obj
-                )
+                """
             )
         )
-        subprocess.check_call((self.pythonpath, str(dumpfile)))
+        subprocess.run((self.pythonpath, str(dumpfile)), check=True)
 
     def load_and_is_true(self, expression):
         loadfile = self.picklefile.with_name("load.py")
         loadfile.write_text(
             textwrap.dedent(
-                r"""
+                rf"""
                 import pickle
-                f = open({!r}, 'rb')
+                f = open({str(self.picklefile)!r}, 'rb')
                 obj = pickle.load(f)
                 f.close()
-                res = eval({!r})
+                res = eval({expression!r})
                 if not res:
                     raise SystemExit(1)
-                """.format(
-                    str(self.picklefile), expression
-                )
+                """
             )
         )
         print(loadfile)
-        subprocess.check_call((self.pythonpath, str(loadfile)))
+        subprocess.run((self.pythonpath, str(loadfile)), check=True)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("obj", [42, {}, {1: 3}])

doc/en/example/nonpython.rst

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ now execute the test specification:
 
     nonpython $ pytest test_simple.yaml
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project/nonpython
     collected 2 items
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ consulted when reporting in ``verbose`` mode:
 
     nonpython $ pytest -v
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project/nonpython
     collecting ... collected 2 items
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ interesting to just look at the collection tree:
 
     nonpython $ pytest --collect-only
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project/nonpython
     collected 2 items
 

doc/en/example/nonpython/conftest.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class YamlFile(pytest.File):
         # We need a yaml parser, e.g. PyYAML.
         import yaml
 
-        raw = yaml.safe_load(self.path.open())
+        raw = yaml.safe_load(self.path.open(encoding="utf-8"))
         for name, spec in sorted(raw.items()):
             yield YamlItem.from_parent(self, name=name, spec=spec)
 

doc/en/example/parametrize.rst

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
 Parametrizing tests
 =================================================
 
-.. currentmodule:: _pytest.python
-
 ``pytest`` allows to easily parametrize test functions.
 For basic docs, see :ref:`parametrize-basics`.
 
@@ -160,19 +158,20 @@ objects, they are still using the default pytest representation:
 
     $ pytest test_time.py --collect-only
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 8 items
 
-    <Module test_time.py>
-      <Function test_timedistance_v0[a0-b0-expected0]>
-      <Function test_timedistance_v0[a1-b1-expected1]>
-      <Function test_timedistance_v1[forward]>
-      <Function test_timedistance_v1[backward]>
-      <Function test_timedistance_v2[20011212-20011211-expected0]>
-      <Function test_timedistance_v2[20011211-20011212-expected1]>
-      <Function test_timedistance_v3[forward]>
-      <Function test_timedistance_v3[backward]>
+    <Dir parametrize.rst-195>
+      <Module test_time.py>
+        <Function test_timedistance_v0[a0-b0-expected0]>
+        <Function test_timedistance_v0[a1-b1-expected1]>
+        <Function test_timedistance_v1[forward]>
+        <Function test_timedistance_v1[backward]>
+        <Function test_timedistance_v2[20011212-20011211-expected0]>
+        <Function test_timedistance_v2[20011211-20011212-expected1]>
+        <Function test_timedistance_v3[forward]>
+        <Function test_timedistance_v3[backward]>
 
     ======================== 8 tests collected in 0.12s ========================
 
@@ -185,7 +184,7 @@ A quick port of "testscenarios"
 Here is a quick port to run tests configured with :pypi:`testscenarios`,
 an add-on from Robert Collins for the standard unittest framework. We
 only have to work a bit to construct the correct arguments for pytest's
-:py:func:`Metafunc.parametrize`:
+:py:func:`Metafunc.parametrize <pytest.Metafunc.parametrize>`:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
@@ -222,7 +221,7 @@ this is a fully self-contained example which you can run with:
 
     $ pytest test_scenarios.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 4 items
 
@@ -236,16 +235,17 @@ If you just collect tests you'll also nicely see 'advanced' and 'basic' as varia
 
     $ pytest --collect-only test_scenarios.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 4 items
 
-    <Module test_scenarios.py>
-      <Class TestSampleWithScenarios>
-        <Function test_demo1[basic]>
-        <Function test_demo2[basic]>
-        <Function test_demo1[advanced]>
-        <Function test_demo2[advanced]>
+    <Dir parametrize.rst-195>
+      <Module test_scenarios.py>
+        <Class TestSampleWithScenarios>
+          <Function test_demo1[basic]>
+          <Function test_demo2[basic]>
+          <Function test_demo1[advanced]>
+          <Function test_demo2[advanced]>
 
     ======================== 4 tests collected in 0.12s ========================
 
@@ -314,13 +314,14 @@ Let's first see how it looks like at collection time:
 
     $ pytest test_backends.py --collect-only
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 2 items
 
-    <Module test_backends.py>
-      <Function test_db_initialized[d1]>
-      <Function test_db_initialized[d2]>
+    <Dir parametrize.rst-195>
+      <Module test_backends.py>
+        <Function test_db_initialized[d1]>
+        <Function test_db_initialized[d2]>
 
     ======================== 2 tests collected in 0.12s ========================
 
@@ -412,7 +413,7 @@ The result of this test will be successful:
 
     $ pytest -v test_indirect_list.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 1 item
@@ -483,8 +484,8 @@ argument sets to use for each test function.  Let's run it:
     FAILED test_parametrize.py::TestClass::test_equals[1-2] - assert 1 == 2
     1 failed, 2 passed in 0.12s
 
-Indirect parametrization with multiple fixtures
---------------------------------------------------------------
+Parametrization with multiple fixtures
+--------------------------------------
 
 Here is a stripped down real-life example of using parametrized
 testing for testing serialization of objects between different python
@@ -502,15 +503,14 @@ Running it results in some skips if we don't have all the python interpreters in
 .. code-block:: pytest
 
    . $ pytest -rs -q multipython.py
-   sssssssssssssssssssssssssss                                          [100%]
+   ssssssssssss...ssssssssssss                                          [100%]
    ========================= short test summary info ==========================
-   SKIPPED [9] multipython.py:69: 'python3.5' not found
-   SKIPPED [9] multipython.py:69: 'python3.6' not found
-   SKIPPED [9] multipython.py:69: 'python3.7' not found
-   27 skipped in 0.12s
+   SKIPPED [12] multipython.py:65: 'python3.9' not found
+   SKIPPED [12] multipython.py:65: 'python3.11' not found
+   3 passed, 24 skipped in 0.12s
 
-Indirect parametrization of optional implementations/imports
---------------------------------------------------------------------
+Parametrization of optional implementations/imports
+---------------------------------------------------
 
 If you want to compare the outcomes of several implementations of a given
 API, you can write test functions that receive the already imported implementations
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ If you run this with reporting for skips enabled:
 
     $ pytest -rs test_module.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 2 items
 
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ Then run ``pytest`` with verbose mode and with only the ``basic`` marker:
 
     $ pytest -v -m basic
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 24 items / 21 deselected / 3 selected
@@ -657,13 +657,16 @@ Use :func:`pytest.raises` with the
 :ref:`pytest.mark.parametrize ref` decorator to write parametrized tests
 in which some tests raise exceptions and others do not.
 
-It may be helpful to use ``nullcontext`` as a complement to ``raises``.
+``contextlib.nullcontext`` can be used to test cases that are not expected to
+raise exceptions but that should result in some value. The value is given as the
+``enter_result`` parameter, which will be available as the ``with`` statement’s
+target (``e`` in the example below).
 
 For example:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    from contextlib import nullcontext as does_not_raise
+    from contextlib import nullcontext
 
     import pytest
 
@@ -671,16 +674,17 @@ For example:
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
         "example_input,expectation",
         [
-            (3, does_not_raise()),
-            (2, does_not_raise()),
-            (1, does_not_raise()),
+            (3, nullcontext(2)),
+            (2, nullcontext(3)),
+            (1, nullcontext(6)),
             (0, pytest.raises(ZeroDivisionError)),
         ],
     )
     def test_division(example_input, expectation):
         """Test how much I know division."""
-        with expectation:
-            assert (6 / example_input) is not None
+        with expectation as e:
+            assert (6 / example_input) == e
 
-In the example above, the first three test cases should run unexceptionally,
-while the fourth should raise ``ZeroDivisionError``.
+In the example above, the first three test cases should run without any
+exceptions, while the fourth should raise a``ZeroDivisionError`` exception,
+which is expected by pytest.

doc/en/example/pythoncollection.rst

@@ -147,15 +147,16 @@ The test collection would look like this:
 
     $ pytest --collect-only
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     configfile: pytest.ini
     collected 2 items
 
-    <Module check_myapp.py>
-      <Class CheckMyApp>
-        <Function simple_check>
-        <Function complex_check>
+    <Dir pythoncollection.rst-196>
+      <Module check_myapp.py>
+        <Class CheckMyApp>
+          <Function simple_check>
+          <Function complex_check>
 
     ======================== 2 tests collected in 0.12s ========================
 
@@ -209,16 +210,18 @@ You can always peek at the collection tree without running tests like this:
 
     . $ pytest --collect-only pythoncollection.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     configfile: pytest.ini
     collected 3 items
 
-    <Module CWD/pythoncollection.py>
-      <Function test_function>
-      <Class TestClass>
-        <Function test_method>
-        <Function test_anothermethod>
+    <Dir pythoncollection.rst-196>
+      <Dir CWD>
+        <Module pythoncollection.py>
+          <Function test_function>
+          <Class TestClass>
+            <Function test_method>
+            <Function test_anothermethod>
 
     ======================== 3 tests collected in 0.12s ========================
 
@@ -291,7 +294,7 @@ file will be left out:
 
     $ pytest --collect-only
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     configfile: pytest.ini
     collected 0 items

doc/en/example/reportingdemo.rst

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
 
     assertion $ pytest failure_demo.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project/assertion
     collected 44 items
 
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
         def test_eq_text(self):
     >       assert "spam" == "eggs"
     E       AssertionError: assert 'spam' == 'eggs'
+    E
     E         - eggs
     E         + spam
 
@@ -91,6 +92,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
         def test_eq_similar_text(self):
     >       assert "foo 1 bar" == "foo 2 bar"
     E       AssertionError: assert 'foo 1 bar' == 'foo 2 bar'
+    E
     E         - foo 2 bar
     E         ?     ^
     E         + foo 1 bar
@@ -104,6 +106,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
         def test_eq_multiline_text(self):
     >       assert "foo\nspam\nbar" == "foo\neggs\nbar"
     E       AssertionError: assert 'foo\nspam\nbar' == 'foo\neggs\nbar'
+    E
     E           foo
     E         - eggs
     E         + spam
@@ -119,6 +122,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
             b = "1" * 100 + "b" + "2" * 100
     >       assert a == b
     E       AssertionError: assert '111111111111...2222222222222' == '111111111111...2222222222222'
+    E
     E         Skipping 90 identical leading characters in diff, use -v to show
     E         Skipping 91 identical trailing characters in diff, use -v to show
     E         - 1111111111b222222222
@@ -136,15 +140,15 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
             b = "1\n" * 100 + "b" + "2\n" * 100
     >       assert a == b
     E       AssertionError: assert '1\n1\n1\n1\n...n2\n2\n2\n2\n' == '1\n1\n1\n1\n...n2\n2\n2\n2\n'
+    E
     E         Skipping 190 identical leading characters in diff, use -v to show
     E         Skipping 191 identical trailing characters in diff, use -v to show
     E           1
     E           1
     E           1
-    E           1
     E           1...
     E
-    E         ...Full output truncated (6 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
+    E         ...Full output truncated (7 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
 
     failure_demo.py:60: AssertionError
     _________________ TestSpecialisedExplanations.test_eq_list _________________
@@ -154,6 +158,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
         def test_eq_list(self):
     >       assert [0, 1, 2] == [0, 1, 3]
     E       assert [0, 1, 2] == [0, 1, 3]
+    E
     E         At index 2 diff: 2 != 3
     E         Use -v to get more diff
 
@@ -167,6 +172,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
             b = [0] * 100 + [2] + [3] * 100
     >       assert a == b
     E       assert [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ...] == [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ...]
+    E
     E         At index 100 diff: 1 != 2
     E         Use -v to get more diff
 
@@ -178,6 +184,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
         def test_eq_dict(self):
     >       assert {"a": 0, "b": 1, "c": 0} == {"a": 0, "b": 2, "d": 0}
     E       AssertionError: assert {'a': 0, 'b': 1, 'c': 0} == {'a': 0, 'b': 2, 'd': 0}
+    E
     E         Omitting 1 identical items, use -vv to show
     E         Differing items:
     E         {'b': 1} != {'b': 2}
@@ -195,6 +202,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
         def test_eq_set(self):
     >       assert {0, 10, 11, 12} == {0, 20, 21}
     E       assert {0, 10, 11, 12} == {0, 20, 21}
+    E
     E         Extra items in the left set:
     E         10
     E         11
@@ -212,6 +220,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
         def test_eq_longer_list(self):
     >       assert [1, 2] == [1, 2, 3]
     E       assert [1, 2] == [1, 2, 3]
+    E
     E         Right contains one more item: 3
     E         Use -v to get more diff
 
@@ -233,6 +242,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
             text = "some multiline\ntext\nwhich\nincludes foo\nand a\ntail"
     >       assert "foo" not in text
     E       AssertionError: assert 'foo' not in 'some multil...nand a\ntail'
+    E
     E         'foo' is contained here:
     E           some multiline
     E           text
@@ -251,6 +261,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
             text = "single foo line"
     >       assert "foo" not in text
     E       AssertionError: assert 'foo' not in 'single foo line'
+    E
     E         'foo' is contained here:
     E           single foo line
     E         ?        +++
@@ -264,6 +275,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
             text = "head " * 50 + "foo " + "tail " * 20
     >       assert "foo" not in text
     E       AssertionError: assert 'foo' not in 'head head h...l tail tail '
+    E
     E         'foo' is contained here:
     E           head head foo tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail
     E         ?           +++
@@ -277,6 +289,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
             text = "head " * 50 + "f" * 70 + "tail " * 20
     >       assert "f" * 70 not in text
     E       AssertionError: assert 'fffffffffff...ffffffffffff' not in 'head head h...l tail tail '
+    E
     E         'ffffffffffffffffff...fffffffffffffffffff' is contained here:
     E           head head fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffftail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail tail
     E         ?           ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
@@ -432,7 +445,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
     self = <failure_demo.TestRaises object at 0xdeadbeef0020>
 
         def test_tupleerror(self):
-    >       a, b = [1]  # NOQA
+    >       a, b = [1]  # noqa: F841
     E       ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 1)
 
     failure_demo.py:175: ValueError
@@ -454,7 +467,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
     self = <failure_demo.TestRaises object at 0xdeadbeef0022>
 
         def test_some_error(self):
-    >       if namenotexi:  # NOQA
+    >       if namenotexi:  # noqa: F821
     E       NameError: name 'namenotexi' is not defined
 
     failure_demo.py:183: NameError

doc/en/example/simple.rst

@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ Now we'll get feedback on a bad argument:
 
 
 If you need to provide more detailed error messages, you can use the
-``type`` parameter and raise ``pytest.UsageError``:
+``type`` parameter and raise :exc:`pytest.UsageError`:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ directory with the above conftest.py:
 
     $ pytest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 0 items
 
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ and when running it will see a skipped "slow" test:
 
     $ pytest -rs    # "-rs" means report details on the little 's'
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 2 items
 
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ Or run it including the ``slow`` marked test:
 
     $ pytest --runslow
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 2 items
 
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ which will add the string to the test header accordingly:
 
     $ pytest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     project deps: mylib-1.1
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 0 items
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ which will add info only when run with "--v":
 
     $ pytest -v
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     info1: did you know that ...
     did you?
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ and nothing when run plainly:
 
     $ pytest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 0 items
 
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ Now we can profile which test functions execute the slowest:
 
     $ pytest --durations=3
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 3 items
 
@@ -644,7 +644,7 @@ If we run this:
 
     $ pytest -rx
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 4 items
 
@@ -660,6 +660,31 @@ If we run this:
     E       assert 0
 
     test_step.py:11: AssertionError
+    ================================ XFAILURES =================================
+    ______________________ TestUserHandling.test_deletion ______________________
+
+    item = <Function test_deletion>
+
+        def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
+            if "incremental" in item.keywords:
+                # retrieve the class name of the test
+                cls_name = str(item.cls)
+                # check if a previous test has failed for this class
+                if cls_name in _test_failed_incremental:
+                    # retrieve the index of the test (if parametrize is used in combination with incremental)
+                    parametrize_index = (
+                        tuple(item.callspec.indices.values())
+                        if hasattr(item, "callspec")
+                        else ()
+                    )
+                    # retrieve the name of the first test function to fail for this class name and index
+                    test_name = _test_failed_incremental[cls_name].get(parametrize_index, None)
+                    # if name found, test has failed for the combination of class name & test name
+                    if test_name is not None:
+    >                   pytest.xfail(f"previous test failed ({test_name})")
+    E                   _pytest.outcomes.XFailed: previous test failed (test_modification)
+
+    conftest.py:47: XFailed
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
     XFAIL test_step.py::TestUserHandling::test_deletion - reason: previous test failed (test_modification)
     ================== 1 failed, 2 passed, 1 xfailed in 0.12s ==================
@@ -726,14 +751,14 @@ We can run this:
 
     $ pytest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 7 items
 
-    test_step.py .Fx.                                                    [ 57%]
-    a/test_db.py F                                                       [ 71%]
-    a/test_db2.py F                                                      [ 85%]
-    b/test_error.py E                                                    [100%]
+    a/test_db.py F                                                       [ 14%]
+    a/test_db2.py F                                                      [ 28%]
+    b/test_error.py E                                                    [ 42%]
+    test_step.py .Fx.                                                    [100%]
 
     ================================== ERRORS ==================================
     _______________________ ERROR at setup of test_root ________________________
@@ -745,39 +770,39 @@ We can run this:
 
     /home/sweet/project/b/test_error.py:1
     ================================= FAILURES =================================
+    _________________________________ test_a1 __________________________________
+
+    db = <conftest.DB object at 0xdeadbeef0002>
+
+        def test_a1(db):
+    >       assert 0, db  # to show value
+    E       AssertionError: <conftest.DB object at 0xdeadbeef0002>
+    E       assert 0
+
+    a/test_db.py:2: AssertionError
+    _________________________________ test_a2 __________________________________
+
+    db = <conftest.DB object at 0xdeadbeef0002>
+
+        def test_a2(db):
+    >       assert 0, db  # to show value
+    E       AssertionError: <conftest.DB object at 0xdeadbeef0002>
+    E       assert 0
+
+    a/test_db2.py:2: AssertionError
     ____________________ TestUserHandling.test_modification ____________________
 
-    self = <test_step.TestUserHandling object at 0xdeadbeef0002>
+    self = <test_step.TestUserHandling object at 0xdeadbeef0003>
 
         def test_modification(self):
     >       assert 0
     E       assert 0
 
     test_step.py:11: AssertionError
-    _________________________________ test_a1 __________________________________
-
-    db = <conftest.DB object at 0xdeadbeef0003>
-
-        def test_a1(db):
-    >       assert 0, db  # to show value
-    E       AssertionError: <conftest.DB object at 0xdeadbeef0003>
-    E       assert 0
-
-    a/test_db.py:2: AssertionError
-    _________________________________ test_a2 __________________________________
-
-    db = <conftest.DB object at 0xdeadbeef0003>
-
-        def test_a2(db):
-    >       assert 0, db  # to show value
-    E       AssertionError: <conftest.DB object at 0xdeadbeef0003>
-    E       assert 0
-
-    a/test_db2.py:2: AssertionError
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
-    FAILED test_step.py::TestUserHandling::test_modification - assert 0
     FAILED a/test_db.py::test_a1 - AssertionError: <conftest.DB object at 0x7...
     FAILED a/test_db2.py::test_a2 - AssertionError: <conftest.DB object at 0x...
+    FAILED test_step.py::TestUserHandling::test_modification - assert 0
     ERROR b/test_error.py::test_root
     ============= 3 failed, 2 passed, 1 xfailed, 1 error in 0.12s ==============
 
@@ -808,16 +833,15 @@ case we just write some information out to a ``failures`` file:
     import pytest
 
 
-    @pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True, hookwrapper=True)
+    @pytest.hookimpl(wrapper=True, tryfirst=True)
     def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
         # execute all other hooks to obtain the report object
-        outcome = yield
-        rep = outcome.get_result()
+        rep = yield
 
         # we only look at actual failing test calls, not setup/teardown
         if rep.when == "call" and rep.failed:
             mode = "a" if os.path.exists("failures") else "w"
-            with open("failures", mode) as f:
+            with open("failures", mode, encoding="utf-8") as f:
                 # let's also access a fixture for the fun of it
                 if "tmp_path" in item.fixturenames:
                     extra = " ({})".format(item.funcargs["tmp_path"])
@@ -826,6 +850,8 @@ case we just write some information out to a ``failures`` file:
 
                 f.write(rep.nodeid + extra + "\n")
 
+        return rep
+
 
 if you then have failing tests:
 
@@ -845,7 +871,7 @@ and run them:
 
     $ pytest test_module.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 2 items
 
@@ -899,16 +925,17 @@ here is a little example implemented via a local plugin:
     phase_report_key = StashKey[Dict[str, CollectReport]]()
 
 
-    @pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True, hookwrapper=True)
+    @pytest.hookimpl(wrapper=True, tryfirst=True)
     def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
         # execute all other hooks to obtain the report object
-        outcome = yield
-        rep = outcome.get_result()
+        rep = yield
 
         # store test results for each phase of a call, which can
         # be "setup", "call", "teardown"
         item.stash.setdefault(phase_report_key, {})[rep.when] = rep
 
+        return rep
+
 
     @pytest.fixture
     def something(request):
@@ -953,7 +980,7 @@ and run it:
 
     $ pytest -s test_module.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 3 items
 
@@ -1088,4 +1115,4 @@ application with standard ``pytest`` command-line options:
 
 .. code-block:: bash
 
-    ./app_main --pytest --verbose --tb=long --junitxml=results.xml test-suite/
+    ./app_main --pytest --verbose --tb=long --junit=xml=results.xml test-suite/

doc/en/example/xfail_demo.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
+
 xfail = pytest.mark.xfail
 
 

doc/en/explanation/anatomy.rst

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ a function/method call.
 
 **Assert** is where we look at that resulting state and check if it looks how
 we'd expect after the dust has settled. It's where we gather evidence to say the
-behavior does or does not aligns with what we expect. The ``assert`` in our test
+behavior does or does not align with what we expect. The ``assert`` in our test
 is where we take that measurement/observation and apply our judgement to it. If
 something should be green, we'd say ``assert thing == "green"``.
 

doc/en/explanation/fixtures.rst

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ style of setup/teardown functions:
 In addition, pytest continues to support :ref:`xunitsetup`.  You can mix
 both styles, moving incrementally from classic to new style, as you
 prefer.  You can also start out from existing :ref:`unittest.TestCase
-style <unittest.TestCase>` or :ref:`nose based <nosestyle>` projects.
+style <unittest.TestCase>`.
 
 
 
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ A note about fixture cleanup
 ----------------------------
 
 pytest does not do any special processing for :data:`SIGTERM <signal.SIGTERM>` and
-:data:`SIGQUIT <signal.SIGQUIT>` signals (:data:`SIGINT <signal.SIGINT>` is handled naturally
+``SIGQUIT`` signals (:data:`SIGINT <signal.SIGINT>` is handled naturally
 by the Python runtime via :class:`KeyboardInterrupt`), so fixtures that manage external resources which are important
 to be cleared when the Python process is terminated (by those signals) might leak resources.
 

doc/en/explanation/goodpractices.rst

@@ -60,8 +60,10 @@ Within Python modules, ``pytest`` also discovers tests using the standard
 :ref:`unittest.TestCase <unittest.TestCase>` subclassing technique.
 
 
-Choosing a test layout / import rules
--------------------------------------
+.. _`test layout`:
+
+Choosing a test layout
+----------------------
 
 ``pytest`` supports two common test layouts:
 

doc/en/explanation/pythonpath.rst

@@ -10,19 +10,27 @@ Import modes
 
 pytest as a testing framework needs to import test modules and ``conftest.py`` files for execution.
 
-Importing files in Python (at least until recently) is a non-trivial processes, often requiring
-changing :data:`sys.path`. Some aspects of the
+Importing files in Python is a non-trivial processes, so aspects of the
 import process can be controlled through the ``--import-mode`` command-line flag, which can assume
 these values:
 
-* ``prepend`` (default): the directory path containing each module will be inserted into the *beginning*
-  of :py:data:`sys.path` if not already there, and then imported with the :func:`importlib.import_module <importlib.import_module>` function.
+.. _`import-mode-prepend`:
 
-  This requires test module names to be unique when the test directory tree is not arranged in
-  packages, because the modules will put in :py:data:`sys.modules` after importing.
+* ``prepend`` (default): the directory path containing each module will be inserted into the *beginning*
+  of :py:data:`sys.path` if not already there, and then imported with
+  the :func:`importlib.import_module <importlib.import_module>` function.
+
+  It is highly recommended to arrange your test modules as packages by adding ``__init__.py`` files to your directories
+  containing tests. This will make the tests part of a proper Python package, allowing pytest to resolve their full
+  name (for example ``tests.core.test_core`` for ``test_core.py`` inside the ``tests.core`` package).
+
+  If the test directory tree is not arranged as packages, then each test file needs to have a unique name
+  compared to the other test files, otherwise pytest will raise an error if it finds two tests with the same name.
 
   This is the classic mechanism, dating back from the time Python 2 was still supported.
 
+.. _`import-mode-append`:
+
 * ``append``: the directory containing each module is appended to the end of :py:data:`sys.path` if not already
   there, and imported with :func:`importlib.import_module <importlib.import_module>`.
 
@@ -38,32 +46,78 @@ these values:
   the tests will run against the installed version
   of ``pkg_under_test`` when ``--import-mode=append`` is used whereas
   with ``prepend`` they would pick up the local version. This kind of confusion is why
-  we advocate for using :ref:`src <src-layout>` layouts.
+  we advocate for using :ref:`src-layouts <src-layout>`.
 
   Same as ``prepend``, requires test module names to be unique when the test directory tree is
   not arranged in packages, because the modules will put in :py:data:`sys.modules` after importing.
 
-* ``importlib``: new in pytest-6.0, this mode uses more fine control mechanisms provided by :mod:`importlib` to import test modules. This gives full control over the import process, and doesn't require changing :py:data:`sys.path`.
+.. _`import-mode-importlib`:
 
-  For this reason this doesn't require test module names to be unique.
+* ``importlib``: this mode uses more fine control mechanisms provided by :mod:`importlib` to import test modules, without changing :py:data:`sys.path`.
 
-  One drawback however is that test modules are non-importable by each other. Also,  utility
-  modules in the tests directories are not automatically importable because the tests directory is no longer
-  added to :py:data:`sys.path`.
+  Advantages of this mode:
 
-  Initially we intended to make ``importlib`` the default in future releases, however it is clear now that
-  it has its own set of drawbacks so the default will remain ``prepend`` for the foreseeable future.
+  * pytest will not change :py:data:`sys.path` at all.
+  * Test module names do not need to be unique -- pytest will generate a unique name automatically based on the ``rootdir``.
+
+  Disadvantages:
+
+  * Test modules can't import each other.
+  * Testing utility modules in the tests directories (for example a ``tests.helpers`` module containing test-related functions/classes)
+    are not importable. The recommendation in this case it to place testing utility modules together with the application/library
+    code, for example ``app.testing.helpers``.
+
+    Important: by "test utility modules" we mean functions/classes which are imported by
+    other tests directly; this does not include fixtures, which should be placed in ``conftest.py`` files, along
+    with the test modules, and are discovered automatically by pytest.
+
+  It works like this:
+
+  1. Given a certain module path, for example ``tests/core/test_models.py``, derives a canonical name
+     like ``tests.core.test_models`` and tries to import it.
+
+     For non-test modules this will work if they are accessible via :py:data:`sys.path`, so
+     for example ``.env/lib/site-packages/app/core.py`` will be importable as ``app.core``.
+     This is happens when plugins import non-test modules (for example doctesting).
+
+     If this step succeeds, the module is returned.
+
+     For test modules, unless they are reachable from :py:data:`sys.path`, this step will fail.
+
+  2. If the previous step fails, we import the module directly using ``importlib`` facilities, which lets us import it without
+     changing :py:data:`sys.path`.
+
+     Because Python requires the module to also be available in :py:data:`sys.modules`, pytest derives a unique name for it based
+     on its relative location from the ``rootdir``, and adds the module to :py:data:`sys.modules`.
+
+     For example, ``tests/core/test_models.py`` will end up being imported as the module ``tests.core.test_models``.
+
+  .. versionadded:: 6.0
+
+.. note::
+
+    Initially we intended to make ``importlib`` the default in future releases, however it is clear now that
+    it has its own set of drawbacks so the default will remain ``prepend`` for the foreseeable future.
+
+.. note::
+
+    By default, pytest will not attempt to resolve namespace packages automatically, but that can
+    be changed via the :confval:`consider_namespace_packages` configuration variable.
 
 .. seealso::
 
     The :confval:`pythonpath` configuration variable.
 
+    The :confval:`consider_namespace_packages` configuration variable.
+
+    :ref:`test layout`.
+
 
 ``prepend`` and ``append`` import modes scenarios
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 Here's a list of scenarios when using ``prepend`` or ``append`` import modes where pytest needs to
-change ``sys.path`` in order to import test modules or ``conftest.py`` files, and the issues users
+change :py:data:`sys.path` in order to import test modules or ``conftest.py`` files, and the issues users
 might encounter because of that.
 
 Test modules / ``conftest.py`` files inside packages
@@ -92,7 +146,7 @@ pytest will find ``foo/bar/tests/test_foo.py`` and realize it is part of a packa
 there's an ``__init__.py`` file in the same folder. It will then search upwards until it can find the
 last folder which still contains an ``__init__.py`` file in order to find the package *root* (in
 this case ``foo/``). To load the module, it will insert ``root/``  to the front of
-``sys.path`` (if not there already) in order to load
+:py:data:`sys.path` (if not there already) in order to load
 ``test_foo.py`` as the *module* ``foo.bar.tests.test_foo``.
 
 The same logic applies to the ``conftest.py`` file: it will be imported as ``foo.conftest`` module.
@@ -122,8 +176,8 @@ When executing:
 
 pytest will find ``foo/bar/tests/test_foo.py`` and realize it is NOT part of a package given that
 there's no ``__init__.py`` file in the same folder. It will then add ``root/foo/bar/tests`` to
-``sys.path`` in order to import ``test_foo.py`` as the *module* ``test_foo``. The same is done
-with the ``conftest.py`` file by adding ``root/foo`` to ``sys.path`` to import it as ``conftest``.
+:py:data:`sys.path` in order to import ``test_foo.py`` as the *module* ``test_foo``. The same is done
+with the ``conftest.py`` file by adding ``root/foo`` to :py:data:`sys.path` to import it as ``conftest``.
 
 For this reason this layout cannot have test modules with the same name, as they all will be
 imported in the global import namespace.
@@ -136,7 +190,7 @@ Invoking ``pytest`` versus ``python -m pytest``
 -----------------------------------------------
 
 Running pytest with ``pytest [...]`` instead of ``python -m pytest [...]`` yields nearly
-equivalent behaviour, except that the latter will add the current directory to ``sys.path``, which
+equivalent behaviour, except that the latter will add the current directory to :py:data:`sys.path`, which
 is standard ``python`` behavior.
 
 See also :ref:`invoke-python`.

doc/en/funcarg_compare.rst

@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@ funcarg mechanism, see :ref:`historical funcargs and pytest.funcargs`.
 If you are new to pytest, then you can simply ignore this
 section and read the other sections.
 
-.. currentmodule:: _pytest
-
 Shortcomings of the previous ``pytest_funcarg__`` mechanism
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -46,7 +44,7 @@ There are several limitations and difficulties with this approach:
 
 2. parametrizing the "db" resource is not straight forward:
    you need to apply a "parametrize" decorator or implement a
-   :py:func:`~hookspec.pytest_generate_tests` hook
+   :hook:`pytest_generate_tests` hook
    calling :py:func:`~pytest.Metafunc.parametrize` which
    performs parametrization at the places where the resource
    is used.  Moreover, you need to modify the factory to use an
@@ -94,15 +92,14 @@ Direct parametrization of funcarg resource factories
 
 Previously, funcarg factories could not directly cause parametrization.
 You needed to specify a ``@parametrize`` decorator on your test function
-or implement a ``pytest_generate_tests`` hook to perform
+or implement a :hook:`pytest_generate_tests` hook to perform
 parametrization, i.e. calling a test multiple times with different value
 sets.  pytest-2.3 introduces a decorator for use on the factory itself:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.fixture(params=["mysql", "pg"])
-    def db(request):
-        ...  # use request.param
+    def db(request): ...  # use request.param
 
 Here the factory will be invoked twice (with the respective "mysql"
 and "pg" values set as ``request.param`` attributes) and all of
@@ -143,8 +140,7 @@ argument:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.fixture()
-    def db(request):
-        ...
+    def db(request): ...
 
 The name under which the funcarg resource can be requested is ``db``.
 
@@ -153,8 +149,7 @@ aka:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    def pytest_funcarg__db(request):
-        ...
+    def pytest_funcarg__db(request): ...
 
 
 But it is then not possible to define scoping and parametrization.

doc/en/getting-started.rst

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Get Started
 Install ``pytest``
 ----------------------------------------
 
-``pytest`` requires: Python 3.7+ or PyPy3.
+``pytest`` requires: Python 3.8+ or PyPy3.
 
 1. Run the following command in your command line:
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Install ``pytest``
 .. code-block:: bash
 
     $ pytest --version
-    pytest 7.3.2
+    pytest 8.1.0
 
 .. _`simpletest`:
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ The test
 
     $ pytest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 1 item
 
@@ -97,6 +97,30 @@ Use the :ref:`raises <assertraises>` helper to assert that some code raises an e
         with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
             f()
 
+You can also use the context provided by :ref:`raises <assertraises>` to
+assert that an expected exception is part of a raised :class:`ExceptionGroup`:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    # content of test_exceptiongroup.py
+    import pytest
+
+
+    def f():
+        raise ExceptionGroup(
+            "Group message",
+            [
+                RuntimeError(),
+            ],
+        )
+
+
+    def test_exception_in_group():
+        with pytest.raises(ExceptionGroup) as excinfo:
+            f()
+        assert excinfo.group_contains(RuntimeError)
+        assert not excinfo.group_contains(TypeError)
+
 Execute the test function with “quiet” reporting mode:
 
 .. code-block:: pytest

doc/en/historical-notes.rst

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ More details can be found in the :pull:`original PR <3317>`.
 .. note::
 
     in a future major release of pytest we will introduce class based markers,
-    at which point markers will no longer be limited to instances of :py:class:`~_pytest.mark.Mark`.
+    at which point markers will no longer be limited to instances of :py:class:`~pytest.Mark`.
 
 
 cache plugin integrated into the core
@@ -227,8 +227,7 @@ to use strings:
 
 
     @pytest.mark.skipif("sys.version_info >= (3,3)")
-    def test_function():
-        ...
+    def test_function(): ...
 
 During test function setup the skipif condition is evaluated by calling
 ``eval('sys.version_info >= (3,0)', namespace)``.  The namespace contains
@@ -262,8 +261,7 @@ configuration value which you might have added:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.skipif("not config.getvalue('db')")
-    def test_function():
-        ...
+    def test_function(): ...
 
 The equivalent with "boolean conditions" is:
 

doc/en/how-to/assert.rst

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ you will see the return value of the function call:
 
     $ pytest test_assert1.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 1 item
 
@@ -54,14 +54,13 @@ operators. (See :ref:`tbreportdemo`).  This allows you to use the
 idiomatic python constructs without boilerplate code while not losing
 introspection information.
 
-However, if you specify a message with the assertion like this:
+If a message is specified with the assertion like this:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
     assert a % 2 == 0, "value was odd, should be even"
 
-then no assertion introspection takes places at all and the message
-will be simply shown in the traceback.
+it is printed alongside the assertion introspection in the traceback.
 
 See :ref:`assert-details` for more information on assertion introspection.
 
@@ -99,6 +98,27 @@ and if you need to have access to the actual exception info you may use:
 the actual exception raised.  The main attributes of interest are
 ``.type``, ``.value`` and ``.traceback``.
 
+Note that ``pytest.raises`` will match the exception type or any subclasses (like the standard ``except`` statement).
+If you want to check if a block of code is raising an exact exception type, you need to check that explicitly:
+
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    def test_foo_not_implemented():
+        def foo():
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as excinfo:
+            foo()
+        assert excinfo.type is RuntimeError
+
+The :func:`pytest.raises` call will succeed, even though the function raises :class:`NotImplementedError`, because
+:class:`NotImplementedError` is a subclass of :class:`RuntimeError`; however the following `assert` statement will
+catch the problem.
+
+Matching exception messages
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
 You can pass a ``match`` keyword parameter to the context-manager to test
 that a regular expression matches on the string representation of an exception
 (similar to the ``TestCase.assertRaisesRegex`` method from ``unittest``):
@@ -116,36 +136,113 @@ that a regular expression matches on the string representation of an exception
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r".* 123 .*"):
             myfunc()
 
-The regexp parameter of the ``match`` method is matched with the ``re.search``
-function, so in the above example ``match='123'`` would have worked as
-well.
+Notes:
 
-There's an alternate form of the :func:`pytest.raises` function where you pass
-a function that will be executed with the given ``*args`` and ``**kwargs`` and
-assert that the given exception is raised:
+* The ``match`` parameter is matched with the :func:`re.search`
+  function, so in the above example ``match='123'`` would have worked as well.
+* The ``match`` parameter also matches against `PEP-678 <https://peps.python.org/pep-0678/>`__ ``__notes__``.
+
+
+.. _`assert-matching-exception-groups`:
+
+Matching exception groups
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can also use the :func:`excinfo.group_contains() <pytest.ExceptionInfo.group_contains>`
+method to test for exceptions returned as part of an :class:`ExceptionGroup`:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    pytest.raises(ExpectedException, func, *args, **kwargs)
+    def test_exception_in_group():
+        with pytest.raises(ExceptionGroup) as excinfo:
+            raise ExceptionGroup(
+                "Group message",
+                [
+                    RuntimeError("Exception 123 raised"),
+                ],
+            )
+        assert excinfo.group_contains(RuntimeError, match=r".* 123 .*")
+        assert not excinfo.group_contains(TypeError)
+
+The optional ``match`` keyword parameter works the same way as for
+:func:`pytest.raises`.
+
+By default ``group_contains()`` will recursively search for a matching
+exception at any level of nested ``ExceptionGroup`` instances. You can
+specify a ``depth`` keyword parameter if you only want to match an
+exception at a specific level; exceptions contained directly in the top
+``ExceptionGroup`` would match ``depth=1``.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    def test_exception_in_group_at_given_depth():
+        with pytest.raises(ExceptionGroup) as excinfo:
+            raise ExceptionGroup(
+                "Group message",
+                [
+                    RuntimeError(),
+                    ExceptionGroup(
+                        "Nested group",
+                        [
+                            TypeError(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                ],
+            )
+        assert excinfo.group_contains(RuntimeError, depth=1)
+        assert excinfo.group_contains(TypeError, depth=2)
+        assert not excinfo.group_contains(RuntimeError, depth=2)
+        assert not excinfo.group_contains(TypeError, depth=1)
+
+Alternate form (legacy)
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+There is an alternate form where you pass
+a function that will be executed, along ``*args`` and ``**kwargs``, and :func:`pytest.raises`
+will execute the function with the arguments and assert that the given exception is raised:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    def func(x):
+        if x <= 0:
+            raise ValueError("x needs to be larger than zero")
+
+
+    pytest.raises(ValueError, func, x=-1)
 
 The reporter will provide you with helpful output in case of failures such as *no
 exception* or *wrong exception*.
 
-Note that it is also possible to specify a "raises" argument to
-``pytest.mark.xfail``, which checks that the test is failing in a more
+This form was the original :func:`pytest.raises` API, developed before the ``with`` statement was
+added to the Python language. Nowadays, this form is rarely used, with the context-manager form (using ``with``)
+being considered more readable.
+Nonetheless, this form is fully supported and not deprecated in any way.
+
+xfail mark and pytest.raises
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+It is also possible to specify a ``raises`` argument to
+:ref:`pytest.mark.xfail <pytest.mark.xfail ref>`, which checks that the test is failing in a more
 specific way than just having any exception raised:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
+    def f():
+        raise IndexError()
+
+
     @pytest.mark.xfail(raises=IndexError)
     def test_f():
         f()
 
-Using :func:`pytest.raises` is likely to be better for cases where you are
-testing exceptions your own code is deliberately raising, whereas using
-``@pytest.mark.xfail`` with a check function is probably better for something
-like documenting unfixed bugs (where the test describes what "should" happen)
-or bugs in dependencies.
+
+This will only "xfail" if the test fails by raising ``IndexError`` or subclasses.
+
+* Using :ref:`pytest.mark.xfail <pytest.mark.xfail ref>` with the ``raises`` parameter is probably better for something
+  like documenting unfixed bugs (where the test describes what "should" happen) or bugs in dependencies.
+
+* Using :func:`pytest.raises` is likely to be better for cases where you are
+  testing exceptions your own code is deliberately raising, which is the majority of cases.
 
 
 .. _`assertwarns`:
@@ -183,7 +280,7 @@ if you run this module:
 
     $ pytest test_assert2.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 1 item
 
@@ -197,6 +294,7 @@ if you run this module:
             set2 = set("8035")
     >       assert set1 == set2
     E       AssertionError: assert {'0', '1', '3', '8'} == {'0', '3', '5', '8'}
+    E
     E         Extra items in the left set:
     E         '1'
     E         Extra items in the right set:

doc/en/how-to/cache.rst

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ If you then run it with ``--lf``:
 
     $ pytest --lf
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 2 items
     run-last-failure: rerun previous 2 failures
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ of ``FF`` and dots):
 
     $ pytest --ff
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 50 items
     run-last-failure: rerun previous 2 failures first
@@ -176,14 +176,21 @@ with more recent files coming first.
 Behavior when no tests failed in the last run
 ---------------------------------------------
 
-When no tests failed in the last run, or when no cached ``lastfailed`` data was
-found, ``pytest`` can be configured either to run all of the tests or no tests,
-using the ``--last-failed-no-failures`` option, which takes one of the following values:
+The ``--lfnf/--last-failed-no-failures`` option governs the behavior of ``--last-failed``.
+Determines whether to execute tests when there are no previously (known)
+failures or when no cached ``lastfailed`` data was found.
+
+There are two options:
+
+* ``all``:  when there are no known test failures, runs all tests (the full test suite). This is the default.
+* ``none``: when there are no known test failures, just emits a message stating this and exit successfully.
+
+Example:
 
 .. code-block:: bash
 
-    pytest --last-failed --last-failed-no-failures all    # run all tests (default behavior)
-    pytest --last-failed --last-failed-no-failures none   # run no tests and exit
+    pytest --last-failed --last-failed-no-failures all    # runs the full test suite (default behavior)
+    pytest --last-failed --last-failed-no-failures none   # runs no tests and exits successfully
 
 The new config.cache object
 --------------------------------
@@ -206,12 +213,12 @@ across pytest invocations:
 
 
     @pytest.fixture
-    def mydata(request):
-        val = request.config.cache.get("example/value", None)
+    def mydata(pytestconfig):
+        val = pytestconfig.cache.get("example/value", None)
         if val is None:
             expensive_computation()
             val = 42
-            request.config.cache.set("example/value", val)
+            pytestconfig.cache.set("example/value", val)
         return val
 
 
@@ -274,7 +281,7 @@ You can always peek at the content of the cache using the
 
     $ pytest --cache-show
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     cachedir: /home/sweet/project/.pytest_cache
     --------------------------- cache values for '*' ---------------------------
@@ -296,7 +303,7 @@ filtering:
 
     $ pytest --cache-show example/*
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     cachedir: /home/sweet/project/.pytest_cache
     ----------------------- cache values for 'example/*' -----------------------

doc/en/how-to/capture-stdout-stderr.rst

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ of the failing function and hide the other one:
 
     $ pytest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 2 items
 

doc/en/how-to/capture-warnings.rst

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Running pytest now produces this output:
 
     $ pytest test_show_warnings.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 1 item
 
@@ -382,8 +382,6 @@ warnings: a WarningsRecorder instance. To view the recorded warnings, you can
 iterate over this instance, call ``len`` on it to get the number of recorded
 warnings, or index into it to get a particular recorded warning.
 
-.. currentmodule:: _pytest.warnings
-
 Full API: :class:`~_pytest.recwarn.WarningsRecorder`.
 
 .. _`warns use cases`:

doc/en/how-to/doctest.rst

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ then you can just invoke ``pytest`` directly:
 
     $ pytest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 1 item
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ and functions, including from test modules:
 
     $ pytest --doctest-modules
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 2 items
 

doc/en/how-to/existingtestsuite.rst

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ How to use pytest with an existing test suite
 ==============================================
 
 Pytest can be used with most existing test suites, but its
-behavior differs from other test runners such as :ref:`nose <noseintegration>` or
-Python's default unittest framework.
+behavior differs from other test runners such as Python's
+default unittest framework.
 
 Before using this section you will want to :ref:`install pytest <getstarted>`.
 

doc/en/how-to/failures.rst

@@ -135,10 +135,6 @@ Warning about unraisable exceptions and unhandled thread exceptions
 
 .. versionadded:: 6.2
 
-.. note::
-
-    These features only work on Python>=3.8.
-
 Unhandled exceptions are exceptions that are raised in a situation in which
 they cannot propagate to a caller. The most common case is an exception raised
 in a :meth:`__del__ <object.__del__>` implementation.

doc/en/how-to/fixtures.rst

@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ marked ``smtp_connection`` fixture function.  Running the test looks like this:
 
     $ pytest test_module.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 2 items
 
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ Fixtures are created when first requested by a test, and are destroyed based on
 * ``function``: the default scope, the fixture is destroyed at the end of the test.
 * ``class``: the fixture is destroyed during teardown of the last test in the class.
 * ``module``: the fixture is destroyed during teardown of the last test in the module.
-* ``package``: the fixture is destroyed during teardown of the last test in the package.
+* ``package``: the fixture is destroyed during teardown of the last test in the package where the fixture is defined, including sub-packages and sub-directories within it.
 * ``session``: the fixture is destroyed at the end of the test session.
 
 .. note::
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ For yield fixtures, the first teardown code to run is from the right-most fixtur
 
     $ pytest -s test_finalizers.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 1 item
 
@@ -805,7 +805,7 @@ For finalizers, the first fixture to run is last call to `request.addfinalizer`.
 
     $ pytest -s test_finalizers.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 1 item
 
@@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@ configured in multiple ways.
 Extending the previous example, we can flag the fixture to create two
 ``smtp_connection`` fixture instances which will cause all tests using the fixture
 to run twice.  The fixture function gets access to each parameter
-through the special :py:class:`request <FixtureRequest>` object:
+through the special :py:class:`request <pytest.FixtureRequest>` object:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
@@ -1414,27 +1414,28 @@ Running the above tests results in the following test IDs being used:
 
    $ pytest --collect-only
    =========================== test session starts ============================
-   platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+   platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
    rootdir: /home/sweet/project
    collected 12 items
 
-   <Module test_anothersmtp.py>
-     <Function test_showhelo[smtp.gmail.com]>
-     <Function test_showhelo[mail.python.org]>
-   <Module test_emaillib.py>
-     <Function test_email_received>
-   <Module test_finalizers.py>
-     <Function test_bar>
-   <Module test_ids.py>
-     <Function test_a[spam]>
-     <Function test_a[ham]>
-     <Function test_b[eggs]>
-     <Function test_b[1]>
-   <Module test_module.py>
-     <Function test_ehlo[smtp.gmail.com]>
-     <Function test_noop[smtp.gmail.com]>
-     <Function test_ehlo[mail.python.org]>
-     <Function test_noop[mail.python.org]>
+   <Dir fixtures.rst-214>
+     <Module test_anothersmtp.py>
+       <Function test_showhelo[smtp.gmail.com]>
+       <Function test_showhelo[mail.python.org]>
+     <Module test_emaillib.py>
+       <Function test_email_received>
+     <Module test_finalizers.py>
+       <Function test_bar>
+     <Module test_ids.py>
+       <Function test_a[spam]>
+       <Function test_a[ham]>
+       <Function test_b[eggs]>
+       <Function test_b[1]>
+     <Module test_module.py>
+       <Function test_ehlo[smtp.gmail.com]>
+       <Function test_noop[smtp.gmail.com]>
+       <Function test_ehlo[mail.python.org]>
+       <Function test_noop[mail.python.org]>
 
    ======================= 12 tests collected in 0.12s ========================
 
@@ -1468,7 +1469,7 @@ Running this test will *skip* the invocation of ``data_set`` with value ``2``:
 
     $ pytest test_fixture_marks.py -v
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 3 items
@@ -1518,7 +1519,7 @@ Here we declare an ``app`` fixture which receives the previously defined
 
     $ pytest -v test_appsetup.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 2 items
@@ -1598,7 +1599,7 @@ Let's run the tests in verbose mode and with looking at the print-output:
 
     $ pytest -v -s test_module.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collecting ... collected 8 items
@@ -1698,7 +1699,7 @@ and declare its use in a test module via a ``usefixtures`` marker:
     class TestDirectoryInit:
         def test_cwd_starts_empty(self):
             assert os.listdir(os.getcwd()) == []
-            with open("myfile", "w") as f:
+            with open("myfile", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                 f.write("hello")
 
         def test_cwd_again_starts_empty(self):
@@ -1720,8 +1721,7 @@ You can specify multiple fixtures like this:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.usefixtures("cleandir", "anotherfixture")
-    def test():
-        ...
+    def test(): ...
 
 and you may specify fixture usage at the test module level using :globalvar:`pytestmark`:
 
@@ -1749,11 +1749,9 @@ into an ini-file:
 
         @pytest.mark.usefixtures("my_other_fixture")
         @pytest.fixture
-        def my_fixture_that_sadly_wont_use_my_other_fixture():
-            ...
+        def my_fixture_that_sadly_wont_use_my_other_fixture(): ...
 
-    Currently this will not generate any error or warning, but this is intended
-    to be handled by :issue:`3664`.
+    This generates a deprecation warning, and will become an error in Pytest 8.
 
 .. _`override fixtures`:
 

doc/en/how-to/index.rst

@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ pytest and other test systems
 
    existingtestsuite
    unittest
-   nose
    xunit_setup
 
 pytest development environment

doc/en/how-to/logging.rst

@@ -172,6 +172,13 @@ the records for the ``setup`` and ``call`` stages during teardown like so:
 
 The full API is available at :class:`pytest.LogCaptureFixture`.
 
+.. warning::
+
+    The ``caplog`` fixture adds a handler to the root logger to capture logs. If the root logger is
+    modified during a test, for example with ``logging.config.dictConfig``, this handler may be
+    removed and cause no logs to be captured. To avoid this, ensure that any root logger configuration
+    only adds to the existing handlers.
+
 
 .. _live_logs:
 
@@ -199,8 +206,9 @@ option names are:
 * ``log_cli_date_format``
 
 If you need to record the whole test suite logging calls to a file, you can pass
-``--log-file=/path/to/log/file``. This log file is opened in write mode which
+``--log-file=/path/to/log/file``. This log file is opened in write mode by default which
 means that it will be overwritten at each run tests session.
+If you'd like the file opened in append mode instead, then you can pass ``--log-file-mode=a``.
 Note that relative paths for the log-file location, whether passed on the CLI or declared in a
 config file, are always resolved relative to the current working directory.
 
@@ -216,12 +224,13 @@ All of the log file options can also be set in the configuration INI file. The
 option names are:
 
 * ``log_file``
+* ``log_file_mode``
 * ``log_file_level``
 * ``log_file_format``
 * ``log_file_date_format``
 
 You can call ``set_log_path()`` to customize the log_file path dynamically. This functionality
-is considered **experimental**.
+is considered **experimental**. Note that ``set_log_path()`` respects the ``log_file_mode`` option.
 
 .. _log_colors:
 
@@ -234,7 +243,7 @@ through ``add_color_level()``. Example:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    @pytest.hookimpl
+    @pytest.hookimpl(trylast=True)
     def pytest_configure(config):
         logging_plugin = config.pluginmanager.get_plugin("logging-plugin")
 

doc/en/how-to/nose.rst

@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-.. _`noseintegration`:
-
-How to run tests written for nose
-=======================================
-
-``pytest`` has basic support for running tests written for nose_.
-
-.. warning::
-    This functionality has been deprecated and is likely to be removed in ``pytest 8.x``.
-
-.. _nosestyle:
-
-Usage
--------------
-
-After :ref:`installation` type:
-
-.. code-block:: bash
-
-    python setup.py develop  # make sure tests can import our package
-    pytest  # instead of 'nosetests'
-
-and you should be able to run your nose style tests and
-make use of pytest's capabilities.
-
-Supported nose Idioms
-----------------------
-
-* ``setup()`` and ``teardown()`` at module/class/method level: any function or method called ``setup`` will be called during the setup phase for each test, same for ``teardown``.
-* ``SkipTest`` exceptions and markers
-* setup/teardown decorators
-* ``__test__`` attribute on modules/classes/functions
-* general usage of nose utilities
-
-Unsupported idioms / known issues
-----------------------------------
-
-- unittest-style ``setUp, tearDown, setUpClass, tearDownClass``
-  are recognized only on ``unittest.TestCase`` classes but not
-  on plain classes.  ``nose`` supports these methods also on plain
-  classes but pytest deliberately does not.  As nose and pytest already
-  both support ``setup_class, teardown_class, setup_method, teardown_method``
-  it doesn't seem useful to duplicate the unittest-API like nose does.
-  If you however rather think pytest should support the unittest-spelling on
-  plain classes please post to :issue:`377`.
-
-- nose imports test modules with the same import path (e.g.
-  ``tests.test_mode``) but different file system paths
-  (e.g. ``tests/test_mode.py`` and ``other/tests/test_mode.py``)
-  by extending sys.path/import semantics.   pytest does not do that
-  but there is discussion in :issue:`268` for adding some support.  Note that
-  `nose2 choose to avoid this sys.path/import hackery <https://nose2.readthedocs.io/en/latest/differences.html#test-discovery-and-loading>`_.
-
-  If you place a conftest.py file in the root directory of your project
-  (as determined by pytest) pytest will run tests "nose style" against
-  the code below that directory by adding it to your ``sys.path`` instead of
-  running against your installed code.
-
-  You may find yourself wanting to do this if you ran ``python setup.py install``
-  to set up your project, as opposed to ``python setup.py develop`` or any of
-  the package manager equivalents.  Installing with develop in a
-  virtual environment like tox is recommended over this pattern.
-
-- nose-style doctests are not collected and executed correctly,
-  also doctest fixtures don't work.
-
-- no nose-configuration is recognized.
-
-- ``yield``-based methods are unsupported as of pytest 4.1.0.  They are
-  fundamentally incompatible with pytest because they don't support fixtures
-  properly since collection and test execution are separated.
-
-Migrating from nose to pytest
-------------------------------
-
-`nose2pytest <https://github.com/pytest-dev/nose2pytest>`_ is a Python script
-and pytest plugin to help convert Nose-based tests into pytest-based tests.
-Specifically, the script transforms nose.tools.assert_* function calls into
-raw assert statements, while preserving format of original arguments
-as much as possible.
-
-.. _nose: https://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

doc/en/how-to/output.rst

@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@ Examples for modifying traceback printing:
     pytest -l               # show local variables (shortcut)
     pytest --no-showlocals  # hide local variables (if addopts enables them)
 
+    pytest --capture=fd  # default, capture at the file descriptor level
+    pytest --capture=sys # capture at the sys level
+    pytest --capture=no  # don't capture
+    pytest -s            # don't capture (shortcut)
+    pytest --capture=tee-sys # capture to logs but also output to sys level streams
+
     pytest --tb=auto    # (default) 'long' tracebacks for the first and last
                          # entry, but 'short' style for the other entries
     pytest --tb=long    # exhaustive, informative traceback formatting
@@ -36,6 +42,16 @@ option you make sure a trace is shown.
 Verbosity
 --------------------------------------------------
 
+Examples for modifying printing verbosity:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    pytest --quiet          # quiet - less verbose - mode
+    pytest -q               # quiet - less verbose - mode (shortcut)
+    pytest -v               # increase verbosity, display individual test names
+    pytest -vv              # more verbose, display more details from the test output
+    pytest -vvv             # not a standard , but may be used for even more detail in certain setups
+
 The ``-v`` flag controls the verbosity of pytest output in various aspects: test session progress, assertion
 details when tests fail, fixtures details with ``--fixtures``, etc.
 
@@ -84,6 +100,7 @@ Executing pytest normally gives us this output (we are skipping the header to fo
             fruits2 = ["banana", "apple", "orange", "melon", "kiwi"]
     >       assert fruits1 == fruits2
     E       AssertionError: assert ['banana', 'a...elon', 'kiwi'] == ['banana', 'a...elon', 'kiwi']
+    E
     E         At index 2 diff: 'grapes' != 'orange'
     E         Use -v to get more diff
 
@@ -95,6 +112,7 @@ Executing pytest normally gives us this output (we are skipping the header to fo
             number_to_text2 = {str(x * 10): x * 10 for x in range(5)}
     >       assert number_to_text1 == number_to_text2
     E       AssertionError: assert {'0': 0, '1':..., '3': 3, ...} == {'0': 0, '10'...'30': 30, ...}
+    E
     E         Omitting 1 identical items, use -vv to show
     E         Left contains 4 more items:
     E         {'1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4}
@@ -146,12 +164,15 @@ Now we can increase pytest's verbosity:
             fruits2 = ["banana", "apple", "orange", "melon", "kiwi"]
     >       assert fruits1 == fruits2
     E       AssertionError: assert ['banana', 'a...elon', 'kiwi'] == ['banana', 'a...elon', 'kiwi']
+    E
     E         At index 2 diff: 'grapes' != 'orange'
+    E
     E         Full diff:
-    E         - ['banana', 'apple', 'orange', 'melon', 'kiwi']
-    E         ?                      ^  ^^
-    E         + ['banana', 'apple', 'grapes', 'melon', 'kiwi']
-    E         ?                      ^  ^ +
+    E           [
+    E               'banana',
+    E               'apple',...
+    E
+    E         ...Full output truncated (7 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
 
     test_verbosity_example.py:8: AssertionError
     ____________________________ test_numbers_fail _____________________________
@@ -161,15 +182,15 @@ Now we can increase pytest's verbosity:
             number_to_text2 = {str(x * 10): x * 10 for x in range(5)}
     >       assert number_to_text1 == number_to_text2
     E       AssertionError: assert {'0': 0, '1':..., '3': 3, ...} == {'0': 0, '10'...'30': 30, ...}
+    E
     E         Omitting 1 identical items, use -vv to show
     E         Left contains 4 more items:
     E         {'1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4}
     E         Right contains 4 more items:
     E         {'10': 10, '20': 20, '30': 30, '40': 40}
-    E         Full diff:
-    E         - {'0': 0, '10': 10, '20': 20, '30': 30, '40': 40}
-    E         ?            -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -
-    E         + {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4}
+    E         ...
+    E
+    E         ...Full output truncated (16 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
 
     test_verbosity_example.py:14: AssertionError
     ___________________________ test_long_text_fail ____________________________
@@ -215,12 +236,20 @@ Now if we increase verbosity even more:
             fruits2 = ["banana", "apple", "orange", "melon", "kiwi"]
     >       assert fruits1 == fruits2
     E       AssertionError: assert ['banana', 'apple', 'grapes', 'melon', 'kiwi'] == ['banana', 'apple', 'orange', 'melon', 'kiwi']
+    E
     E         At index 2 diff: 'grapes' != 'orange'
+    E
     E         Full diff:
-    E         - ['banana', 'apple', 'orange', 'melon', 'kiwi']
-    E         ?                      ^  ^^
-    E         + ['banana', 'apple', 'grapes', 'melon', 'kiwi']
-    E         ?                      ^  ^ +
+    E           [
+    E               'banana',
+    E               'apple',
+    E         -     'orange',
+    E         ?      ^  ^^
+    E         +     'grapes',
+    E         ?      ^  ^ +
+    E               'melon',
+    E               'kiwi',
+    E           ]
 
     test_verbosity_example.py:8: AssertionError
     ____________________________ test_numbers_fail _____________________________
@@ -230,16 +259,30 @@ Now if we increase verbosity even more:
             number_to_text2 = {str(x * 10): x * 10 for x in range(5)}
     >       assert number_to_text1 == number_to_text2
     E       AssertionError: assert {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4} == {'0': 0, '10': 10, '20': 20, '30': 30, '40': 40}
+    E
     E         Common items:
     E         {'0': 0}
     E         Left contains 4 more items:
     E         {'1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4}
     E         Right contains 4 more items:
     E         {'10': 10, '20': 20, '30': 30, '40': 40}
+    E
     E         Full diff:
-    E         - {'0': 0, '10': 10, '20': 20, '30': 30, '40': 40}
-    E         ?            -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -
-    E         + {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4}
+    E           {
+    E               '0': 0,
+    E         -     '10': 10,
+    E         ?       -    -
+    E         +     '1': 1,
+    E         -     '20': 20,
+    E         ?       -    -
+    E         +     '2': 2,
+    E         -     '30': 30,
+    E         ?       -    -
+    E         +     '3': 3,
+    E         -     '40': 40,
+    E         ?       -    -
+    E         +     '4': 4,
+    E           }
 
     test_verbosity_example.py:14: AssertionError
     ___________________________ test_long_text_fail ____________________________
@@ -270,6 +313,22 @@ situations, for example you are shown even fixtures that start with ``_`` if you
 Using higher verbosity levels (``-vvv``, ``-vvvv``, ...) is supported, but has no effect in pytest itself at the moment,
 however some plugins might make use of higher verbosity.
 
+.. _`pytest.fine_grained_verbosity`:
+
+Fine-grained verbosity
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In addition to specifying the application wide verbosity level, it is possible to control specific aspects independently.
+This is done by setting a verbosity level in the configuration file for the specific aspect of the output.
+
+:confval:`verbosity_assertions`: Controls how verbose the assertion output should be when pytest is executed. Running
+``pytest --no-header`` with a value of ``2`` would have the same output as the previous example, but each test inside
+the file is shown by a single character in the output.
+
+:confval:`verbosity_test_cases`: Controls how verbose the test execution output should be when pytest is executed.
+Running ``pytest --no-header`` with a value of ``2`` would have the same output as the first verbosity example, but each
+test inside the file gets its own line in the output.
+
 .. _`pytest.detailed_failed_tests_usage`:
 
 Producing a detailed summary report
@@ -324,7 +383,7 @@ Example:
 
     $ pytest -ra
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 6 items
 
@@ -347,10 +406,19 @@ Example:
     E       assert 0
 
     test_example.py:14: AssertionError
+    ================================ XFAILURES =================================
+    ________________________________ test_xfail ________________________________
+
+        def test_xfail():
+    >       pytest.xfail("xfailing this test")
+    E       _pytest.outcomes.XFailed: xfailing this test
+
+    test_example.py:26: XFailed
+    ================================= XPASSES ==================================
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
     SKIPPED [1] test_example.py:22: skipping this test
     XFAIL test_example.py::test_xfail - reason: xfailing this test
-    XPASS test_example.py::test_xpass always xfail
+    XPASS test_example.py::test_xpass - always xfail
     ERROR test_example.py::test_error - assert 0
     FAILED test_example.py::test_fail - assert 0
     == 1 failed, 1 passed, 1 skipped, 1 xfailed, 1 xpassed, 1 error in 0.12s ===
@@ -380,7 +448,7 @@ More than one character can be used, so for example to only see failed and skipp
 
     $ pytest -rfs
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 6 items
 
@@ -415,7 +483,7 @@ captured output:
 
     $ pytest -rpP
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 6 items
 
@@ -478,7 +546,7 @@ integration servers, use this invocation:
 
 .. code-block:: bash
 
-    pytest --junitxml=path
+    pytest --junit-xml=path
 
 to create an XML file at ``path``.
 

doc/en/how-to/parametrize.rst

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ them in turn:
 
     $ pytest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 3 items
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ Let's run this:
 
     $ pytest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 3 items
 

doc/en/how-to/skipping.rst

@@ -47,8 +47,7 @@ which may be passed an optional ``reason``:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.skip(reason="no way of currently testing this")
-    def test_the_unknown():
-        ...
+    def test_the_unknown(): ...
 
 
 Alternatively, it is also possible to skip imperatively during test execution or setup
@@ -93,8 +92,7 @@ when run on an interpreter earlier than Python3.10:
 
 
     @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 10), reason="requires python3.10 or higher")
-    def test_function():
-        ...
+    def test_function(): ...
 
 If the condition evaluates to ``True`` during collection, the test function will be skipped,
 with the specified reason appearing in the summary when using ``-rs``.
@@ -112,8 +110,7 @@ You can share ``skipif`` markers between modules.  Consider this test module:
 
 
     @minversion
-    def test_function():
-        ...
+    def test_function(): ...
 
 You can import the marker and reuse it in another test module:
 
@@ -124,8 +121,7 @@ You can import the marker and reuse it in another test module:
 
 
     @minversion
-    def test_anotherfunction():
-        ...
+    def test_anotherfunction(): ...
 
 For larger test suites it's usually a good idea to have one file
 where you define the markers which you then consistently apply
@@ -232,8 +228,7 @@ expect a test to fail:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail
-    def test_function():
-        ...
+    def test_function(): ...
 
 This test will run but no traceback will be reported when it fails. Instead, terminal
 reporting will list it in the "expected to fail" (``XFAIL``) or "unexpectedly
@@ -275,8 +270,7 @@ that condition as the first parameter:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(sys.platform == "win32", reason="bug in a 3rd party library")
-    def test_function():
-        ...
+    def test_function(): ...
 
 Note that you have to pass a reason as well (see the parameter description at
 :ref:`pytest.mark.xfail ref`).
@@ -289,8 +283,7 @@ You can specify the motive of an expected failure with the ``reason`` parameter:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="known parser issue")
-    def test_function():
-        ...
+    def test_function(): ...
 
 
 ``raises`` parameter
@@ -302,8 +295,7 @@ a single exception, or a tuple of exceptions, in the ``raises`` argument.
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(raises=RuntimeError)
-    def test_function():
-        ...
+    def test_function(): ...
 
 Then the test will be reported as a regular failure if it fails with an
 exception not mentioned in ``raises``.
@@ -317,8 +309,7 @@ even executed, use the ``run`` parameter as ``False``:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(run=False)
-    def test_function():
-        ...
+    def test_function(): ...
 
 This is specially useful for xfailing tests that are crashing the interpreter and should be
 investigated later.
@@ -334,8 +325,7 @@ You can change this by setting the ``strict`` keyword-only parameter to ``True``
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(strict=True)
-    def test_function():
-        ...
+    def test_function(): ...
 
 
 This will make ``XPASS`` ("unexpectedly passing") results from this test to fail the test suite.

doc/en/how-to/tmp_path.rst

@@ -8,9 +8,8 @@ How to use temporary directories and files in tests
 The ``tmp_path`` fixture
 ------------------------
 
-You can use the ``tmp_path`` fixture which will
-provide a temporary directory unique to the test invocation,
-created in the `base temporary directory`_.
+You can use the ``tmp_path`` fixture which will provide a temporary directory
+unique to each test function.
 
 ``tmp_path`` is a :class:`pathlib.Path` object. Here is an example test usage:
 
@@ -24,8 +23,8 @@ created in the `base temporary directory`_.
         d = tmp_path / "sub"
         d.mkdir()
         p = d / "hello.txt"
-        p.write_text(CONTENT)
-        assert p.read_text() == CONTENT
+        p.write_text(CONTENT, encoding="utf-8")
+        assert p.read_text(encoding="utf-8") == CONTENT
         assert len(list(tmp_path.iterdir())) == 1
         assert 0
 
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ Running this would result in a passed test except for the last
 
     $ pytest test_tmp_path.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 1 item
 
@@ -51,8 +50,8 @@ Running this would result in a passed test except for the last
             d = tmp_path / "sub"
             d.mkdir()
             p = d / "hello.txt"
-            p.write_text(CONTENT)
-            assert p.read_text() == CONTENT
+            p.write_text(CONTENT, encoding="utf-8")
+            assert p.read_text(encoding="utf-8") == CONTENT
             assert len(list(tmp_path.iterdir())) == 1
     >       assert 0
     E       assert 0
@@ -62,6 +61,11 @@ Running this would result in a passed test except for the last
     FAILED test_tmp_path.py::test_create_file - assert 0
     ============================ 1 failed in 0.12s =============================
 
+By default, ``pytest`` retains the temporary directory for the last 3 ``pytest``
+invocations. Concurrent invocations of the same test function are supported by
+configuring the base temporary directory to be unique for each concurrent
+run. See `temporary directory location and retention`_ for details.
+
 .. _`tmp_path_factory example`:
 
 The ``tmp_path_factory`` fixture
@@ -100,7 +104,7 @@ See :ref:`tmp_path_factory API <tmp_path_factory factory api>` for details.
 .. _tmpdir:
 
 The ``tmpdir`` and ``tmpdir_factory`` fixtures
----------------------------------------------------
+----------------------------------------------
 
 The ``tmpdir`` and ``tmpdir_factory`` fixtures are similar to ``tmp_path``
 and ``tmp_path_factory``, but use/return legacy `py.path.local`_ objects
@@ -124,10 +128,10 @@ See :fixture:`tmpdir <tmpdir>` :fixture:`tmpdir_factory <tmpdir_factory>`
 API for details.
 
 
-.. _`base temporary directory`:
+.. _`temporary directory location and retention`:
 
-The default base temporary directory
------------------------------------------------
+Temporary directory location and retention
+------------------------------------------
 
 Temporary directories are by default created as sub-directories of
 the system temporary directory.  The base name will be ``pytest-NUM`` where
@@ -152,7 +156,7 @@ You can override the default temporary directory setting like this:
     for that purpose only.
 
 When distributing tests on the local machine using ``pytest-xdist``, care is taken to
-automatically configure a basetemp directory for the sub processes such that all temporary
-data lands below a single per-test run basetemp directory.
+automatically configure a `basetemp` directory for the sub processes such that all temporary
+data lands below a single per-test run temporary directory.
 
 .. _`py.path.local`: https://py.readthedocs.io/en/latest/path.html

doc/en/how-to/unittest.rst

@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ the ``self.db`` values in the traceback:
 
     $ pytest test_unittest_db.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
-    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 2 items
 
@@ -207,10 +207,10 @@ creation of a per-test temporary directory:
         @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
         def initdir(self, tmp_path, monkeypatch):
             monkeypatch.chdir(tmp_path)  # change to pytest-provided temporary directory
-            tmp_path.joinpath("samplefile.ini").write_text("# testdata")
+            tmp_path.joinpath("samplefile.ini").write_text("# testdata", encoding="utf-8")
 
         def test_method(self):
-            with open("samplefile.ini") as f:
+            with open("samplefile.ini", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                 s = f.read()
             assert "testdata" in s