Prepare release version 7.4.2

[7.4.x] Fix crash when passing a very long cmdline argument (#11404)

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -9,3 +9,9 @@ updates:
   allow:
   - dependency-type: direct
   - dependency-type: indirect
+- package-ecosystem: github-actions
+  directory: /
+  schedule:
+    interval: weekly
+    time: "03:00"
+  open-pull-requests-limit: 10

.github/workflows/backport.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
       pull-requests: write
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
         persist-credentials: true

.github/workflows/deploy.yml

@@ -1,52 +1,84 @@
 name: deploy
 
 on:
-  push:
-    tags:
-      # These tags are protected, see:
-      # https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/settings/tag_protection
-      - "[0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]+"
-      - "[0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]+rc[0-9]+"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      version:
+        description: 'Release version'
+        required: true
+        default: '1.2.3'
 
 
 # Set permissions at the job level.
 permissions: {}
 
 jobs:
+  package:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      SETUPTOOLS_SCM_PRETEND_VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 0
+        persist-credentials: false
+
+    - name: Build and Check Package
+      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v1.5
 
   deploy:
     if: github.repository == 'pytest-dev/pytest'
+    needs: [package]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    environment: deploy
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    permissions:
+      id-token: write
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - name: Download Package
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
+      with:
+        name: Packages
+        path: dist
 
+    - name: Publish package to PyPI
+      uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@v1.8.5
+
+    - name: Push tag
+      run: |
+        git config user.name "pytest bot"
+        git config user.email "pytestbot@gmail.com"
+        git tag --annotate --message=v${{ github.event.inputs.version }} v${{ github.event.inputs.version }} ${{ github.sha }}
+        git push origin v${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
+
+  release-notes:
+
+    # todo: generate the content in the build  job
+    #       the goal being of using a github action script to push the release data
+    #       after success instead of creating a complete python/tox env
+    needs: [deploy]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 30
     permissions:
       contents: write
-
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
         persist-credentials: false
 
     - name: Set up Python
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
-        python-version: "3.7"
+        python-version: "3.10"
 
-    - name: Install dependencies
+    - name: Install tox
       run: |
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install --upgrade build tox
-
-    - name: Build package
-      run: |
-        python -m build
-
-    - name: Publish package to PyPI
-      uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@master
-      with:
-        user: __token__
-        password: ${{ secrets.pypi_token }}
+        pip install --upgrade tox
 
     - name: Publish GitHub release notes
       env:

.github/workflows/prepare-release-pr.yml

@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ jobs:
       pull-requests: write
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
 
     - name: Set up Python
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
         python-version: "3.8"
 

.github/workflows/stale.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+name: close needs-information issues
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "30 1 * * *"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  close-issues:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      issues: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/stale@v8
+        with:
+          debug-only: false
+          days-before-issue-stale: 14
+          days-before-issue-close: 7
+          only-labels: "status: needs information"
+          stale-issue-label: "stale"
+          stale-issue-message: "This issue is stale because it has been open for 14 days with no activity."
+          close-issue-message: "This issue was closed because it has been inactive for 7 days since being marked as stale."
+          days-before-pr-stale: -1
+          days-before-pr-close: -1

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -18,11 +18,28 @@ on:
 env:
   PYTEST_ADDOPTS: "--color=yes"
 
+# Cancel running jobs for the same workflow and branch.
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
 # Set permissions at the job level.
 permissions: {}
 
 jobs:
+  package:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 0
+        persist-credentials: false
+    - name: Build and Check Package
+      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v1.5
+
   build:
+    needs: [package]
+
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     timeout-minutes: 45
     permissions:
@@ -33,27 +50,28 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         name: [
           "windows-py37",
-          "windows-py37-pluggy",
           "windows-py38",
+          "windows-py38-pluggy",
           "windows-py39",
           "windows-py310",
           "windows-py311",
+          "windows-py312",
 
           "ubuntu-py37",
-          "ubuntu-py37-pluggy",
           "ubuntu-py37-freeze",
           "ubuntu-py38",
+          "ubuntu-py38-pluggy",
           "ubuntu-py39",
           "ubuntu-py310",
           "ubuntu-py311",
+          "ubuntu-py312",
           "ubuntu-pypy3",
 
           "macos-py37",
-          "macos-py38",
           "macos-py39",
           "macos-py310",
+          "macos-py312",
 
-          "docs",
           "doctesting",
           "plugins",
         ]
@@ -63,15 +81,15 @@ jobs:
             python: "3.7"
             os: windows-latest
             tox_env: "py37-numpy"
-          - name: "windows-py37-pluggy"
-            python: "3.7"
-            os: windows-latest
-            tox_env: "py37-pluggymain-pylib-xdist"
           - name: "windows-py38"
             python: "3.8"
             os: windows-latest
             tox_env: "py38-unittestextras"
             use_coverage: true
+          - name: "windows-py38-pluggy"
+            python: "3.8"
+            os: windows-latest
+            tox_env: "py38-pluggymain-pylib-xdist"
           - name: "windows-py39"
             python: "3.9"
             os: windows-latest
@@ -81,19 +99,19 @@ jobs:
             os: windows-latest
             tox_env: "py310-xdist"
           - name: "windows-py311"
-            python: "3.11-dev"
+            python: "3.11"
             os: windows-latest
             tox_env: "py311"
+          - name: "windows-py312"
+            python: "3.12-dev"
+            os: windows-latest
+            tox_env: "py312"
 
           - name: "ubuntu-py37"
             python: "3.7"
             os: ubuntu-latest
             tox_env: "py37-lsof-numpy-pexpect"
             use_coverage: true
-          - name: "ubuntu-py37-pluggy"
-            python: "3.7"
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            tox_env: "py37-pluggymain-pylib-xdist"
           - name: "ubuntu-py37-freeze"
             python: "3.7"
             os: ubuntu-latest
@@ -102,6 +120,10 @@ jobs:
             python: "3.8"
             os: ubuntu-latest
             tox_env: "py38-xdist"
+          - name: "ubuntu-py38-pluggy"
+            python: "3.8"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            tox_env: "py38-pluggymain-pylib-xdist"
           - name: "ubuntu-py39"
             python: "3.9"
             os: ubuntu-latest
@@ -111,10 +133,15 @@ jobs:
             os: ubuntu-latest
             tox_env: "py310-xdist"
           - name: "ubuntu-py311"
-            python: "3.11-dev"
+            python: "3.11"
             os: ubuntu-latest
             tox_env: "py311"
             use_coverage: true
+          - name: "ubuntu-py312"
+            python: "3.12-dev"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            tox_env: "py312"
+            use_coverage: true
           - name: "ubuntu-pypy3"
             python: "pypy-3.7"
             os: ubuntu-latest
@@ -124,29 +151,25 @@ jobs:
             python: "3.7"
             os: macos-latest
             tox_env: "py37-xdist"
-          - name: "macos-py38"
-            python: "3.8"
-            os: macos-latest
-            tox_env: "py38-xdist"
-            use_coverage: true
           - name: "macos-py39"
             python: "3.9"
             os: macos-latest
             tox_env: "py39-xdist"
+            use_coverage: true
           - name: "macos-py310"
             python: "3.10"
             os: macos-latest
             tox_env: "py310-xdist"
+          - name: "macos-py312"
+            python: "3.12-dev"
+            os: macos-latest
+            tox_env: "py312-xdist"
 
           - name: "plugins"
             python: "3.9"
             os: ubuntu-latest
             tox_env: "plugins"
 
-          - name: "docs"
-            python: "3.7"
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            tox_env: "docs"
           - name: "doctesting"
             python: "3.7"
             os: ubuntu-latest
@@ -159,10 +182,17 @@ jobs:
         fetch-depth: 0
         persist-credentials: false
 
+    - name: Download Package
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
+      with:
+        name: Packages
+        path: dist
+
     - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python }}
       uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}
+        check-latest: ${{ endsWith(matrix.python, '-dev') }}
 
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: |
@@ -171,11 +201,13 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: Test without coverage
       if: "! matrix.use_coverage"
-      run: "tox -e ${{ matrix.tox_env }}"
+      shell: bash
+      run: tox run -e ${{ matrix.tox_env }} --installpkg `find dist/*.tar.gz`
 
     - name: Test with coverage
       if: "matrix.use_coverage"
-      run: "tox -e ${{ matrix.tox_env }}-coverage"
+      shell: bash
+      run: tox run -e ${{ matrix.tox_env }}-coverage --installpkg `find dist/*.tar.gz`
 
     - name: Generate coverage report
       if: "matrix.use_coverage"

.github/workflows/update-plugin-list.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ on:
 permissions: {}
 
 jobs:
-  createPullRequest:
+  update-plugin-list:
     if: github.repository_owner == 'pytest-dev'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     permissions:
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
 
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
           python-version: 3.8
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ jobs:
         run: python scripts/update-plugin-list.py
 
       - name: Create Pull Request
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@2455e1596942c2902952003bbb574afbbe2ab2e6
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@153407881ec5c347639a548ade7d8ad1d6740e38
         with:
           commit-message: '[automated] Update plugin list'
           author: 'pytest bot <pytestbot@users.noreply.github.com>'

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,18 +1,16 @@
-default_language_version:
-    python: "3.10"
 repos:
 -   repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 22.10.0
+    rev: 23.3.0
     hooks:
     -   id: black
         args: [--safe, --quiet]
 -   repo: https://github.com/asottile/blacken-docs
-    rev: v1.12.1
+    rev: 1.14.0
     hooks:
     -   id: blacken-docs
-        additional_dependencies: [black==20.8b1]
+        additional_dependencies: [black==23.1.0]
 -   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-    rev: v4.3.0
+    rev: v4.4.0
     hooks:
     -   id: trailing-whitespace
     -   id: end-of-file-fixer
@@ -23,7 +21,7 @@ repos:
         exclude: _pytest/(debugging|hookspec).py
         language_version: python3
 -   repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/autoflake
-    rev: v1.7.6
+    rev: v2.1.1
     hooks:
     -   id: autoflake
         name: autoflake
@@ -31,34 +29,34 @@ repos:
         language: python
         files: \.py$
 -   repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8
-    rev: 5.0.4
+    rev: 6.0.0
     hooks:
     -   id: flake8
         language_version: python3
         additional_dependencies:
           - flake8-typing-imports==1.12.0
           - flake8-docstrings==1.5.0
--   repo: https://github.com/asottile/reorder_python_imports
-    rev: v3.8.5
+-   repo: https://github.com/asottile/reorder-python-imports
+    rev: v3.10.0
     hooks:
     -   id: reorder-python-imports
         args: ['--application-directories=.:src', --py37-plus]
 -   repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
-    rev: v3.1.0
+    rev: v3.7.0
     hooks:
     -   id: pyupgrade
         args: [--py37-plus]
 -   repo: https://github.com/asottile/setup-cfg-fmt
-    rev: v2.1.0
+    rev: v2.3.0
     hooks:
     -   id: setup-cfg-fmt
-        args: ["--max-py-version=3.10", "--include-version-classifiers"]
+        args: ["--max-py-version=3.12", "--include-version-classifiers"]
 -   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pygrep-hooks
-    rev: v1.9.0
+    rev: v1.10.0
     hooks:
     -   id: python-use-type-annotations
 -   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-    rev: v0.982
+    rev: v1.3.0
     hooks:
     -   id: mypy
         files: ^(src/|testing/)

.readthedocs.yml

@@ -2,9 +2,12 @@ version: 2
 
 python:
    install:
-      - requirements: doc/en/requirements.txt
-      - method: pip
-        path: .
+     # Install pytest first, then doc/en/requirements.txt.
+     # This order is important to honor any pins in doc/en/requirements.txt
+     # when the pinned library is also a dependency of pytest.
+     - method: pip
+       path: .
+     - requirements: doc/en/requirements.txt
 
 build:
   os: ubuntu-20.04

AUTHORS

@@ -8,10 +8,14 @@ Abdeali JK
 Abdelrahman Elbehery
 Abhijeet Kasurde
 Adam Johnson
+Adam Stewart
 Adam Uhlir
 Ahn Ki-Wook
 Akiomi Kamakura
 Alan Velasco
+Alessio Izzo
+Alex Jones
+Alex Lambson
 Alexander Johnson
 Alexander King
 Alexei Kozlenok
@@ -43,6 +47,7 @@ Ariel Pillemer
 Armin Rigo
 Aron Coyle
 Aron Curzon
+Ashish Kurmi
 Aviral Verma
 Aviv Palivoda
 Babak Keyvani
@@ -53,10 +58,12 @@ Benjamin Peterson
 Bernard Pratz
 Bob Ippolito
 Brian Dorsey
+Brian Larsen
 Brian Maissy
 Brian Okken
 Brianna Laugher
 Bruno Oliveira
+Cal Jacobson
 Cal Leeming
 Carl Friedrich Bolz
 Carlos Jenkins
@@ -65,6 +72,7 @@ Charles Cloud
 Charles Machalow
 Charnjit SiNGH (CCSJ)
 Cheuk Ting Ho
+Chris Mahoney
 Chris Lamb
 Chris NeJame
 Chris Rose
@@ -88,6 +96,7 @@ Daniel Grana
 Daniel Hahler
 Daniel Nuri
 Daniel Sánchez Castelló
+Daniel Valenzuela Zenteno
 Daniel Wandschneider
 Daniele Procida
 Danielle Jenkins
@@ -122,8 +131,10 @@ Eric Siegerman
 Erik Aronesty
 Erik M. Bray
 Evan Kepner
+Evgeny Seliverstov
 Fabien Zarifian
 Fabio Zadrozny
+Felix Hofstätter
 Felix Nieuwenhuizen
 Feng Ma
 Florian Bruhin
@@ -155,9 +166,12 @@ Ian Bicking
 Ian Lesperance
 Ilya Konstantinov
 Ionuț Turturică
+Isaac Virshup
+Israel Fruchter
 Itxaso Aizpurua
 Iwan Briquemont
 Jaap Broekhuizen
+Jake VanderPlas
 Jakob van Santen
 Jakub Mitoraj
 James Bourbeau
@@ -182,10 +196,11 @@ Joseph Hunkeler
 Josh Karpel
 Joshua Bronson
 Jurko Gospodnetić
-Justyna Janczyszyn
 Justice Ndou
+Justyna Janczyszyn
 Kale Kundert
 Kamran Ahmad
+Kenny Y
 Karl O. Pinc
 Karthikeyan Singaravelan
 Katarzyna Jachim
@@ -222,6 +237,7 @@ Marcin Bachry
 Marco Gorelli
 Mark Abramowitz
 Mark Dickinson
+Marko Pacak
 Markus Unterwaditzer
 Martijn Faassen
 Martin Altmayer
@@ -235,7 +251,6 @@ Matthias Hafner
 Maxim Filipenko
 Maximilian Cosmo Sitter
 mbyt
-Mickey Pashov
 Michael Aquilina
 Michael Birtwell
 Michael Droettboom
@@ -244,6 +259,7 @@ Michael Krebs
 Michael Seifert
 Michal Wajszczuk
 Michał Zięba
+Mickey Pashov
 Mihai Capotă
 Mike Hoyle (hoylemd)
 Mike Lundy
@@ -258,9 +274,9 @@ Niclas Olofsson
 Nicolas Delaby
 Nikolay Kondratyev
 Nipunn Koorapati
-Olga Matoula
 Oleg Pidsadnyi
 Oleg Sushchenko
+Olga Matoula
 Oliver Bestwalter
 Omar Kohl
 Omer Hadari
@@ -276,6 +292,7 @@ Paweł Adamczak
 Pedro Algarvio
 Petter Strandmark
 Philipp Loose
+Pierre Sassoulas
 Pieter Mulder
 Piotr Banaszkiewicz
 Piotr Helm
@@ -285,15 +302,18 @@ Prashant Sharma
 Pulkit Goyal
 Punyashloka Biswal
 Quentin Pradet
+q0w
 Ralf Schmitt
-Ram Rachum
 Ralph Giles
+Ram Rachum
 Ran Benita
 Raphael Castaneda
 Raphael Pierzina
+Rafal Semik
 Raquel Alegre
 Ravi Chandra
 Robert Holt
+Roberto Aldera
 Roberto Polli
 Roland Puntaier
 Romain Dorgueil
@@ -310,6 +330,7 @@ Samuel Searles-Bryant
 Samuele Pedroni
 Sanket Duthade
 Sankt Petersbug
+Saravanan Padmanaban
 Segev Finer
 Serhii Mozghovyi
 Seth Junot
@@ -320,9 +341,11 @@ Simon Holesch
 Simon Kerr
 Skylar Downes
 Srinivas Reddy Thatiparthy
+Stefaan Lippens
 Stefan Farmbauer
 Stefan Scherfke
 Stefan Zimmermann
+Stefanie Molin
 Stefano Taschini
 Steffen Allner
 Stephan Obermann
@@ -341,6 +364,7 @@ Thomas Grainger
 Thomas Hisch
 Tim Hoffmann
 Tim Strazny
+TJ Bruno
 Tobias Diez
 Tom Dalton
 Tom Viner
@@ -350,12 +374,14 @@ Tony Narlock
 Tor Colvin
 Trevor Bekolay
 Tyler Goodlet
+Tyler Smart
 Tzu-ping Chung
 Vasily Kuznetsov
 Victor Maryama
 Victor Rodriguez
 Victor Uriarte
 Vidar T. Fauske
+Vijay Arora
 Virgil Dupras
 Vitaly Lashmanov
 Vivaan Verma
@@ -371,7 +397,10 @@ Wouter van Ackooy
 Xixi Zhao
 Xuan Luong
 Xuecong Liao
+Yannick Péroux
 Yoav Caspi
+Yuliang Shao
+Yusuke Kadowaki
 Yuval Shimon
 Zac Hatfield-Dodds
 Zachary Kneupper

CONTRIBUTING.rst

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Fix bugs
 --------
 
 Look through the `GitHub issues for bugs <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/labels/type:%20bug>`_.
-See also the `"status: easy" issues <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/labels/status%3A%20easy>`_
+See also the `"good first issue" issues <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/labels/good%20first%20issue>`_
 that are friendly to new contributors.
 
 :ref:`Talk <contact>` to developers to find out how you can fix specific bugs. To indicate that you are going

RELEASING.rst

@@ -133,14 +133,11 @@ Releasing
 
 Both automatic and manual processes described above follow the same steps from this point onward.
 
-#. After all tests pass and the PR has been approved, tag the release commit
-   in the ``release-MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`` branch and push it. This will publish to PyPI::
+#. After all tests pass and the PR has been approved, trigger the ``deploy`` job
+   in https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/actions/workflows/deploy.yml.
 
-     git fetch upstream
-     git tag MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH upstream/release-MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH
-     git push upstream MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH
-
-   Wait for the deploy to complete, then make sure it is `available on PyPI <https://pypi.org/project/pytest>`_.
+   This job will require approval from ``pytest-dev/core``, after which it will publish to PyPI
+   and tag the repository.
 
 #. Merge the PR. **Make sure it's not squash-merged**, so that the tagged commit ends up in the main branch.
 

changelog/10012.deprecation.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Update :class:`pytest.PytestUnhandledCoroutineWarning` to a deprecation; it will raise an error in pytest 8.

changelog/10150.bugfix.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-:data:`sys.stdin` now contains all expected methods of a file-like object when capture is enabled.

changelog/10196.trivial.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-:class:`~pytest.PytestReturnNotNoneWarning` is now a subclass of :class:`~pytest.PytestRemovedIn8Warning`: the plan is to make returning non-``None`` from tests an error in the future.

changelog/10218.improvement.rst

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-``@pytest.mark.parametrize()`` (and similar functions) now accepts any ``Sequence[str]`` for the argument names,
-instead of just ``list[str]`` and ``tuple[str, ...]``.
-
-(Note that ``str``, which is itself a ``Sequence[str]``, is still treated as a
-comma-delimited name list, as before).

changelog/10313.trivial.rst

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-Made ``_pytest.doctest.DoctestItem`` export ``pytest.DoctestItem`` for
-type check and runtime purposes. Made `_pytest.doctest` use internal APIs
-to avoid circular imports.

changelog/10344.doc.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Update information on writing plugins to use ``pyproject.toml`` instead of ``setup.py``.

changelog/10381.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-The ``--no-showlocals`` flag has been added. This can be passed directly to tests to override ``--showlocals`` declared through ``addopts``.

changelog/10382.bugfix.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Do not break into pdb when ``raise unittest.SkipTest()`` appears top-level in a file.

changelog/10396.deprecation.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-pytest no longer depends on the ``py`` library.  ``pytest`` provides a vendored copy of ``py.error`` and ``py.path`` modules but will use the ``py`` library if it is installed.  If you need other ``py.*`` modules, continue to install the deprecated ``py`` library separately, otherwise it can usually be removed as a dependency.

changelog/3426.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Assertion failures with strings in NFC and NFD forms that normalize to the same string now have a dedicated error message detailing the issue, and their utf-8 representation is expresed instead.

changelog/4562.deprecation.rst

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-Deprecate configuring hook specs/impls using attributes/marks.
-
-Instead use :py:func:`pytest.hookimpl` and :py:func:`pytest.hookspec`.
-For more details, see the :ref:`docs <legacy-path-hooks-deprecated>`.

changelog/7337.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-A warning is now emitted if a test function returns something other than `None`. This prevents a common mistake among beginners that expect that returning a `bool` (for example `return foo(a, b) == result`) would cause a test to pass or fail, instead of using `assert`.

changelog/7792.bugfix.rst

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-Marks are now inherited according to the full MRO in test classes. Previously, if a test class inherited from two or more classes, only marks from the first super-class would apply.
-
-When inheriting marks from super-classes, marks from the sub-classes are now ordered before marks from the super-classes, in MRO order. Previously it was the reverse.
-
-When inheriting marks from super-classes, the `pytestmark` attribute of the sub-class now only contains the marks directly applied to it. Previously, it also contained marks from its super-classes. Please note that this attribute should not normally be accessed directly; use :func:`pytest.Node.iter_markers` instead.

changelog/8508.improvement.rst

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-Introduce multiline display for warning matching  via :py:func:`pytest.warns` and
-enhance match comparison for :py:func:`_pytest._code.ExceptionInfo.match` as returned by :py:func:`pytest.raises`.

changelog/8646.improvement.rst

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-Improve :py:func:`pytest.raises`. Previously passing an empty tuple would give a confusing
-error. We now raise immediately with a more helpful message.

changelog/9159.bugfix.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Showing inner exceptions by forcing native display in ``ExceptionGroups`` even when using display options other than ``--tb=native``. A temporary step before full implementation of pytest-native display for inner exceptions in ``ExceptionGroups``.

changelog/9248.doc.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-The documentation is now built using Sphinx 5.x (up from 3.x previously).

changelog/9291.doc.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Update documentation on how :func:`pytest.warns` affects :class:`DeprecationWarning`.

changelog/9741.improvement.rst

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-On Python 3.11, use the standard library's :mod:`tomllib` to parse TOML.
-
-:mod:`tomli`` is no longer a dependency on Python 3.11.

changelog/9742.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Display assertion message without escaped newline characters with ``-vv``.

changelog/9823.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Improved error message that is shown when no collector is found for a given file.

changelog/9873.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Some coloring has been added to the short test summary.

changelog/9877.bugfix.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Ensure ``caplog.get_records(when)`` returns current/correct data after invoking ``caplog.clear()``.

changelog/9883.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Normalize the help description of all command-line options.

changelog/9886.deprecation.rst

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-The functionality for running tests written for ``nose`` has been officially deprecated.
-
-This includes:
-
-* Plain ``setup`` and ``teardown`` functions and methods: this might catch users by surprise, as ``setup()`` and ``teardown()`` are not pytest idioms, but part of the ``nose`` support.
-* Setup/teardown using the `@with_setup <with-setup-nose>`_ decorator.
-
-For more details, consult the :ref:`deprecation docs <nose-deprecation>`.
-
-.. _`with-setup-nose`: https://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/testing_tools.html?highlight=with_setup#nose.tools.with_setup

changelog/9897.feature.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Added shell-style wildcard support to ``testpaths``.

changelog/9906.trivial.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Made ``_pytest.compat`` re-export ``importlib_metadata`` in the eyes of type checkers.

changelog/9910.trivial.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Fix default encoding warning (``EncodingWarning``) in ``cacheprovider``

changelog/9920.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Display full crash messages in ``short test summary info``, when runng in a CI environment.

changelog/9984.trivial.rst

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-Improve the error message when we attempt to access a fixture that has been
-torn down.
-Add an additional sentence to the docstring explaining when it's not a good
-idea to call getfixturevalue.

changelog/9987.improvement.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Added support for hidden configuration file by allowing ``.pytest.ini`` as an alternative to ``pytest.ini``.

doc/en/announce/index.rst

@@ -6,6 +6,15 @@ Release announcements
    :maxdepth: 2
 
 
+   release-7.4.2
+   release-7.4.1
+   release-7.4.0
+   release-7.3.2
+   release-7.3.1
+   release-7.3.0
+   release-7.2.2
+   release-7.2.1
+   release-7.2.0
    release-7.1.3
    release-7.1.2
    release-7.1.1

doc/en/announce/release-7.2.0.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+pytest-7.2.0
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 7.2.0 release!
+
+This release contains new features, improvements, and bug fixes,
+the full list of changes is available in the changelog:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html
+
+For complete documentation, please visit:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/
+
+As usual, you can upgrade from PyPI via:
+
+    pip install -U pytest
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Aaron Berdy
+* Adam Turner
+* Albert Villanova del Moral
+* Alice Purcell
+* Anthony Sottile
+* Anton Yakutovich
+* Babak Keyvani
+* Brandon Chinn
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Chanvin Xiao
+* Cheuk Ting Ho
+* Chris Wheeler
+* EmptyRabbit
+* Ezio Melotti
+* Florian Best
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Fredrik Berndtsson
+* Gabriel Landau
+* Gergely Kalmár
+* Hugo van Kemenade
+* James Gerity
+* John Litborn
+* Jon Parise
+* Kevin C
+* Kian Eliasi
+* MatthewFlamm
+* Miro Hrončok
+* Nate Meyvis
+* Neil Girdhar
+* Nhieuvu1802
+* Nipunn Koorapati
+* Ofek Lev
+* Paul Müller
+* Paul Reece
+* Pax
+* Pete Baughman
+* Peyman Salehi
+* Philipp A
+* Ran Benita
+* Robert O'Shea
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* Rowin
+* Ruth Comer
+* Samuel Colvin
+* Samuel Gaist
+* Sandro Tosi
+* Shantanu
+* Simon K
+* Stephen Rosen
+* Sviatoslav Sydorenko
+* Tatiana Ovary
+* Thierry Moisan
+* Thomas Grainger
+* Tim Hoffmann
+* Tobias Diez
+* Tony Narlock
+* Vivaan Verma
+* Wolfremium
+* Zac Hatfield-Dodds
+* Zach OBrien
+* aizpurua23a
+* gresm
+* holesch
+* itxasos23
+* johnkangw
+* skhomuti
+* sommersoft
+* wodny
+* zx.qiu
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.2.1.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+pytest-7.2.1
+=======================================
+
+pytest 7.2.1 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Anthony Sottile
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Daniel Valenzuela
+* Kadino
+* Prerak Patel
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* Santiago Castro
+* s-padmanaban
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.2.2.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+pytest-7.2.2
+=======================================
+
+pytest 7.2.2 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Garvit Shubham
+* Mahesh Vashishtha
+* Ramsey
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* Teejay
+* q0w
+* vin01
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.3.0.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+pytest-7.3.0
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 7.3.0 release!
+
+This release contains new features, improvements, and bug fixes,
+the full list of changes is available in the changelog:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html
+
+For complete documentation, please visit:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/
+
+As usual, you can upgrade from PyPI via:
+
+    pip install -U pytest
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Aaron Berdy
+* Adam Turner
+* Albert Villanova del Moral
+* Alessio Izzo
+* Alex Hadley
+* Alice Purcell
+* Anthony Sottile
+* Anton Yakutovich
+* Ashish Kurmi
+* Babak Keyvani
+* Billy
+* Brandon Chinn
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Cal Jacobson
+* Chanvin Xiao
+* Cheuk Ting Ho
+* Chris Wheeler
+* Daniel Garcia Moreno
+* Daniel Scheffler
+* Daniel Valenzuela
+* EmptyRabbit
+* Ezio Melotti
+* Felix Hofstätter
+* Florian Best
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Fredrik Berndtsson
+* Gabriel Landau
+* Garvit Shubham
+* Gergely Kalmár
+* HTRafal
+* Hugo van Kemenade
+* Ilya Konstantinov
+* Itxaso Aizpurua
+* James Gerity
+* Jay
+* John Litborn
+* Jon Parise
+* Jouke Witteveen
+* Kadino
+* Kevin C
+* Kian Eliasi
+* Klaus Rettinghaus
+* Kodi Arfer
+* Mahesh Vashishtha
+* Manuel Jacob
+* Marko Pacak
+* MatthewFlamm
+* Miro Hrončok
+* Nate Meyvis
+* Neil Girdhar
+* Nhieuvu1802
+* Nipunn Koorapati
+* Ofek Lev
+* Paul Kehrer
+* Paul Müller
+* Paul Reece
+* Pax
+* Pete Baughman
+* Peyman Salehi
+* Philipp A
+* Pierre Sassoulas
+* Prerak Patel
+* Ramsey
+* Ran Benita
+* Robert O'Shea
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* Rowin
+* Ruth Comer
+* Samuel Colvin
+* Samuel Gaist
+* Sandro Tosi
+* Santiago Castro
+* Shantanu
+* Simon K
+* Stefanie Molin
+* Stephen Rosen
+* Sviatoslav Sydorenko
+* Tatiana Ovary
+* Teejay
+* Thierry Moisan
+* Thomas Grainger
+* Tim Hoffmann
+* Tobias Diez
+* Tony Narlock
+* Vivaan Verma
+* Wolfremium
+* Yannick PÉROUX
+* Yusuke Kadowaki
+* Zac Hatfield-Dodds
+* Zach OBrien
+* aizpurua23a
+* bitzge
+* bluthej
+* gresm
+* holesch
+* itxasos23
+* johnkangw
+* q0w
+* rdb
+* s-padmanaban
+* skhomuti
+* sommersoft
+* vin01
+* wim glenn
+* wodny
+* zx.qiu
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.3.1.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+pytest-7.3.1
+=======================================
+
+pytest 7.3.1 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Ran Benita
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.3.2.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+pytest-7.3.2
+=======================================
+
+pytest 7.3.2 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Adam J. Stewart
+* Alessio Izzo
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Ran Benita
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.4.0.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+pytest-7.4.0
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 7.4.0 release!
+
+This release contains new features, improvements, and bug fixes,
+the full list of changes is available in the changelog:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html
+
+For complete documentation, please visit:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/
+
+As usual, you can upgrade from PyPI via:
+
+    pip install -U pytest
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Adam J. Stewart
+* Alessio Izzo
+* Alex
+* Alex Lambson
+* Brian Larsen
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Bryan Ricker
+* Chris Mahoney
+* Facundo Batista
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Jarrett Keifer
+* Kenny Y
+* Miro Hrončok
+* Ran Benita
+* Roberto Aldera
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* Sergey Kim
+* Stefanie Molin
+* Vijay Arora
+* Ville Skyttä
+* Zac Hatfield-Dodds
+* bzoracler
+* leeyueh
+* nondescryptid
+* theirix
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.4.1.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+pytest-7.4.1
+=======================================
+
+pytest 7.4.1 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Ran Benita
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-7.4.2.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+pytest-7.4.2
+=======================================
+
+pytest 7.4.2 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Bruno Oliveira
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/backwards-compatibility.rst

@@ -92,3 +92,5 @@ pytest version  min. Python version
 5.0 - 6.1       3.5+
 3.3 - 4.6       2.7, 3.4+
 ==============  ===================
+
+`Status of Python Versions <https://devguide.python.org/versions/>`__.

doc/en/builtin.rst

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 0 items
-    cache -- .../_pytest/cacheprovider.py:510
+    cache -- .../_pytest/cacheprovider.py:532
         Return a cache object that can persist state between testing sessions.
 
         cache.get(key, default)
@@ -33,25 +33,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
 
         Values can be any object handled by the json stdlib module.
 
-    capsys -- .../_pytest/capture.py:878
-        Enable text capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``.
-
-        The captured output is made available via ``capsys.readouterr()`` method
-        calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.
-        ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text`` objects.
-
-        Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
-
-        Example:
-
-        .. code-block:: python
-
-            def test_output(capsys):
-                print("hello")
-                captured = capsys.readouterr()
-                assert captured.out == "hello\n"
-
-    capsysbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:906
+    capsysbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1001
         Enable bytes capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``.
 
         The captured output is made available via ``capsysbinary.readouterr()``
@@ -69,7 +51,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 captured = capsysbinary.readouterr()
                 assert captured.out == b"hello\n"
 
-    capfd -- .../_pytest/capture.py:934
+    capfd -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1029
         Enable text capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``.
 
         The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method
@@ -87,7 +69,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 captured = capfd.readouterr()
                 assert captured.out == "hello\n"
 
-    capfdbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:962
+    capfdbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1057
         Enable bytes capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``.
 
         The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method
@@ -105,7 +87,25 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 captured = capfdbinary.readouterr()
                 assert captured.out == b"hello\n"
 
-    doctest_namespace [session scope] -- .../_pytest/doctest.py:735
+    capsys -- .../_pytest/capture.py:973
+        Enable text capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``.
+
+        The captured output is made available via ``capsys.readouterr()`` method
+        calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.
+        ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text`` objects.
+
+        Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
+
+        Example:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            def test_output(capsys):
+                print("hello")
+                captured = capsys.readouterr()
+                assert captured.out == "hello\n"
+
+    doctest_namespace [session scope] -- .../_pytest/doctest.py:757
         Fixture that returns a :py:class:`dict` that will be injected into the
         namespace of doctests.
 
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
 
         For more details: :ref:`doctest_namespace`.
 
-    pytestconfig [session scope] -- .../_pytest/fixtures.py:1344
+    pytestconfig [session scope] -- .../_pytest/fixtures.py:1353
         Session-scoped fixture that returns the session's :class:`pytest.Config`
         object.
 
@@ -163,7 +163,10 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 record_testsuite_property("ARCH", "PPC")
                 record_testsuite_property("STORAGE_TYPE", "CEPH")
 
-        ``name`` must be a string, ``value`` will be converted to a string and properly xml-escaped.
+        :param name:
+            The property name.
+        :param value:
+            The property value. Will be converted to a string.
 
         .. warning::
 
@@ -193,7 +196,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
 
         .. _legacy_path: https://py.readthedocs.io/en/latest/path.html
 
-    caplog -- .../_pytest/logging.py:487
+    caplog -- .../_pytest/logging.py:570
         Access and control log capturing.
 
         Captured logs are available through the following properties/methods::
@@ -204,7 +207,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         * caplog.record_tuples   -> list of (logger_name, level, message) tuples
         * caplog.clear()         -> clear captured records and formatted log output string
 
-    monkeypatch -- .../_pytest/monkeypatch.py:29
+    monkeypatch -- .../_pytest/monkeypatch.py:30
         A convenient fixture for monkey-patching.
 
         The fixture provides these methods to modify objects, dictionaries, or
@@ -228,23 +231,25 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         To undo modifications done by the fixture in a contained scope,
         use :meth:`context() <pytest.MonkeyPatch.context>`.
 
-    recwarn -- .../_pytest/recwarn.py:29
+    recwarn -- .../_pytest/recwarn.py:30
         Return a :class:`WarningsRecorder` instance that records all warnings emitted by test functions.
 
-        See https://docs.python.org/library/how-to/capture-warnings.html for information
+        See https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/how-to/capture-warnings.html for information
         on warning categories.
 
-    tmp_path_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:184
+    tmp_path_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:245
         Return a :class:`pytest.TempPathFactory` instance for the test session.
 
-    tmp_path -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:199
+    tmp_path -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:260
         Return a temporary directory path object which is unique to each test
         function invocation, created as a sub directory of the base temporary
         directory.
 
         By default, a new base temporary directory is created each test session,
-        and old bases are removed after 3 sessions, to aid in debugging. If
-        ``--basetemp`` is used then it is cleared each session. See :ref:`base
+        and old bases are removed after 3 sessions, to aid in debugging.
+        This behavior can be configured with :confval:`tmp_path_retention_count` and
+        :confval:`tmp_path_retention_policy`.
+        If ``--basetemp`` is used then it is cleared each session. See :ref:`base
         temporary directory`.
 
         The returned object is a :class:`pathlib.Path` object.

doc/en/changelog.rst

@@ -28,6 +28,463 @@ with advance notice in the **Deprecations** section of releases.
 
 .. towncrier release notes start
 
+pytest 7.4.2 (2023-09-07)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#11237 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11237>`_: Fix doctest collection of `functools.cached_property` objects.
+
+
+- `#11306 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11306>`_: Fixed bug using ``--importmode=importlib`` which would cause package ``__init__.py`` files to be imported more than once in some cases.
+
+
+- `#11367 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11367>`_: Fixed bug where `user_properties` where not being saved in the JUnit XML file if a fixture failed during teardown.
+
+
+- `#11394 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11394>`_: Fixed crash when parsing long command line arguments that might be interpreted as files.
+
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- `#11391 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11391>`_: Improved disclaimer on pytest plugin reference page to better indicate this is an automated, non-curated listing.
+
+
+pytest 7.4.1 (2023-09-02)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10337 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10337>`_: Fixed bug where fake intermediate modules generated by ``--import-mode=importlib`` would not include the
+  child modules as attributes of the parent modules.
+
+
+- `#10702 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10702>`_: Fixed error assertion handling in :func:`pytest.approx` when ``None`` is an expected or received value when comparing dictionaries.
+
+
+- `#10811 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10811>`_: Fixed issue when using ``--import-mode=importlib`` together with ``--doctest-modules`` that caused modules
+  to be imported more than once, causing problems with modules that have import side effects.
+
+
+pytest 7.4.0 (2023-06-23)
+=========================
+
+Features
+--------
+
+- `#10901 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10901>`_: Added :func:`ExceptionInfo.from_exception() <pytest.ExceptionInfo.from_exception>`, a simpler way to create an :class:`~pytest.ExceptionInfo` from an exception.
+  This can replace :func:`ExceptionInfo.from_exc_info() <pytest.ExceptionInfo.from_exc_info()>` for most uses.
+
+
+
+Improvements
+------------
+
+- `#10872 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10872>`_: Update test log report annotation to named tuple and fixed inconsistency in docs for :hook:`pytest_report_teststatus` hook.
+
+
+- `#10907 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10907>`_: When an exception traceback to be displayed is completely filtered out (by mechanisms such as ``__tracebackhide__``, internal frames, and similar), now only the exception string and the following message are shown:
+
+  "All traceback entries are hidden. Pass `--full-trace` to see hidden and internal frames.".
+
+  Previously, the last frame of the traceback was shown, even though it was hidden.
+
+
+- `#10940 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10940>`_: Improved verbose output (``-vv``) of ``skip`` and ``xfail`` reasons by performing text wrapping while leaving a clear margin for progress output.
+
+  Added ``TerminalReporter.wrap_write()`` as a helper for that.
+
+
+- `#10991 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10991>`_: Added handling of ``%f`` directive to print microseconds in log format options, such as ``log-date-format``.
+
+
+- `#11005 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11005>`_: Added the underlying exception to the cache provider's path creation and write warning messages.
+
+
+- `#11013 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11013>`_: Added warning when :confval:`testpaths` is set, but paths are not found by glob. In this case, pytest will fall back to searching from the current directory.
+
+
+- `#11043 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11043>`_: When `--confcutdir` is not specified, and there is no config file present, the conftest cutoff directory (`--confcutdir`) is now set to the :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>`.
+  Previously in such cases, `conftest.py` files would be probed all the way to the root directory of the filesystem.
+  If you are badly affected by this change, consider adding an empty config file to your desired cutoff directory, or explicitly set `--confcutdir`.
+
+
+- `#11081 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11081>`_: The :confval:`norecursedirs` check is now performed in a :hook:`pytest_ignore_collect` implementation, so plugins can affect it.
+
+  If after updating to this version you see that your `norecursedirs` setting is not being respected,
+  it means that a conftest or a plugin you use has a bad `pytest_ignore_collect` implementation.
+  Most likely, your hook returns `False` for paths it does not want to ignore,
+  which ends the processing and doesn't allow other plugins, including pytest itself, to ignore the path.
+  The fix is to return `None` instead of `False` for paths your hook doesn't want to ignore.
+
+
+- `#8711 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8711>`_: :func:`caplog.set_level() <pytest.LogCaptureFixture.set_level>` and :func:`caplog.at_level() <pytest.LogCaptureFixture.at_level>`
+  will temporarily enable the requested ``level`` if ``level`` was disabled globally via
+  ``logging.disable(LEVEL)``.
+
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10831 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10831>`_: Terminal Reporting: Fixed bug when running in ``--tb=line`` mode where ``pytest.fail(pytrace=False)`` tests report ``None``.
+
+
+- `#11068 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11068>`_: Fixed the ``--last-failed`` whole-file skipping functionality ("skipped N files") for :ref:`non-python test files <non-python tests>`.
+
+
+- `#11104 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11104>`_: Fixed a regression in pytest 7.3.2 which caused to :confval:`testpaths` to be considered for loading initial conftests,
+  even when it was not utilized (e.g. when explicit paths were given on the command line).
+  Now the ``testpaths`` are only considered when they are in use.
+
+
+- `#1904 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1904>`_: Fixed traceback entries hidden with ``__tracebackhide__ = True`` still being shown for chained exceptions (parts after "... the above exception ..." message).
+
+
+- `#7781 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7781>`_: Fix writing non-encodable text to log file when using ``--debug``.
+
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- `#9146 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9146>`_: Improved documentation for :func:`caplog.set_level() <pytest.LogCaptureFixture.set_level>`.
+
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- `#11031 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11031>`_: Enhanced the CLI flag for ``-c`` to now include ``--config-file`` to make it clear that this flag applies to the usage of a custom config file.
+
+
+pytest 7.3.2 (2023-06-10)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10169 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10169>`_: Fix bug where very long option names could cause pytest to break with ``OSError: [Errno 36] File name too long`` on some systems.
+
+
+- `#10894 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10894>`_: Support for Python 3.12 (beta at the time of writing).
+
+
+- `#10987 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10987>`_: :confval:`testpaths` is now honored to load root ``conftests``.
+
+
+- `#10999 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10999>`_: The `monkeypatch` `setitem`/`delitem` type annotations now allow `TypedDict` arguments.
+
+
+- `#11028 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11028>`_: Fixed bug in assertion rewriting where a variable assigned with the walrus operator could not be used later in a function call.
+
+
+- `#11054 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11054>`_: Fixed ``--last-failed``'s "(skipped N files)" functionality for files inside of packages (directories with `__init__.py` files).
+
+
+pytest 7.3.1 (2023-04-14)
+=========================
+
+Improvements
+------------
+
+- `#10875 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10875>`_: Python 3.12 support: fixed ``RuntimeError: TestResult has no addDuration method`` when running ``unittest`` tests.
+
+
+- `#10890 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10890>`_: Python 3.12 support: fixed ``shutil.rmtree(onerror=...)`` deprecation warning when using :fixture:`tmp_path`.
+
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10896 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10896>`_: Fixed performance regression related to :fixture:`tmp_path` and the new :confval:`tmp_path_retention_policy` option.
+
+
+- `#10903 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10903>`_: Fix crash ``INTERNALERROR IndexError: list index out of range`` which happens when displaying an exception where all entries are hidden.
+  This reverts the change "Correctly handle ``__tracebackhide__`` for chained exceptions." introduced in version 7.3.0.
+
+
+pytest 7.3.0 (2023-04-08)
+=========================
+
+Features
+--------
+
+- `#10525 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10525>`_: Test methods decorated with ``@classmethod`` can now be discovered as tests, following the same rules as normal methods. This fills the gap that static methods were discoverable as tests but not class methods.
+
+
+- `#10755 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10755>`_: :confval:`console_output_style` now supports ``progress-even-when-capture-no`` to force the use of the progress output even when capture is disabled. This is useful in large test suites where capture may have significant performance impact.
+
+
+- `#7431 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7431>`_: ``--log-disable`` CLI option added to disable individual loggers.
+
+
+- `#8141 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8141>`_: Added :confval:`tmp_path_retention_count` and :confval:`tmp_path_retention_policy` configuration options to control how directories created by the :fixture:`tmp_path` fixture are kept.
+
+
+
+Improvements
+------------
+
+- `#10226 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10226>`_: If multiple errors are raised in teardown, we now re-raise an ``ExceptionGroup`` of them instead of discarding all but the last.
+
+
+- `#10658 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10658>`_: Allow ``-p`` arguments to include spaces (eg: ``-p no:logging`` instead of
+  ``-pno:logging``). Mostly useful in the ``addopts`` section of the configuration
+  file.
+
+
+- `#10710 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10710>`_: Added ``start`` and ``stop`` timestamps to ``TestReport`` objects.
+
+
+- `#10727 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10727>`_: Split the report header for ``rootdir``, ``config file`` and ``testpaths`` so each has its own line.
+
+
+- `#10840 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10840>`_: pytest should no longer crash on AST with pathological position attributes, for example testing AST produced by `Hylang <https://github.com/hylang/hy>__`.
+
+
+- `#6267 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/6267>`_: The full output of a test is no longer truncated if the truncation message would be longer than
+  the hidden text. The line number shown has also been fixed.
+
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10743 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10743>`_: The assertion rewriting mechanism now works correctly when assertion expressions contain the walrus operator.
+
+
+- `#10765 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10765>`_: Fixed :fixture:`tmp_path` fixture always raising :class:`OSError` on ``emscripten`` platform due to missing :func:`os.getuid`.
+
+
+- `#1904 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1904>`_: Correctly handle ``__tracebackhide__`` for chained exceptions.
+  NOTE: This change was reverted in version 7.3.1.
+
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- `#10782 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10782>`_: Fixed the minimal example in :ref:`goodpractices`: ``pip install -e .`` requires a ``version`` entry in ``pyproject.toml`` to run successfully.
+
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- `#10669 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10669>`_: pytest no longer directly depends on the `attrs <https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/>`__ package. While
+  we at pytest all love the package dearly and would like to thank the ``attrs`` team for many years of cooperation and support,
+  it makes sense for ``pytest`` to have as little external dependencies as possible, as this helps downstream projects.
+  With that in mind, we have replaced the pytest's limited internal usage to use the standard library's ``dataclasses`` instead.
+
+  Nice diffs for ``attrs`` classes are still supported though.
+
+
+pytest 7.2.2 (2023-03-03)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10533 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10533>`_: Fixed :func:`pytest.approx` handling of dictionaries containing one or more values of `0.0`.
+
+
+- `#10592 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10592>`_: Fixed crash if `--cache-show` and `--help` are passed at the same time.
+
+
+- `#10597 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10597>`_: Fixed bug where a fixture method named ``teardown`` would be called as part of ``nose`` teardown stage.
+
+
+- `#10626 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10626>`_: Fixed crash if ``--fixtures`` and ``--help`` are passed at the same time.
+
+
+- `#10660 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10660>`_: Fixed :py:func:`pytest.raises` to return a 'ContextManager' so that type-checkers could narrow
+  :code:`pytest.raises(...) if ... else nullcontext()` down to 'ContextManager' rather than 'object'.
+
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- `#10690 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10690>`_: Added `CI` and `BUILD_NUMBER` environment variables to the documentation.
+
+
+- `#10721 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10721>`_: Fixed entry-points declaration in the documentation example using Hatch.
+
+
+- `#10753 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10753>`_: Changed wording of the module level skip to be very explicit
+  about not collecting tests and not executing the rest of the module.
+
+
+pytest 7.2.1 (2023-01-13)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10452 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10452>`_: Fix 'importlib.abc.TraversableResources' deprecation warning in Python 3.12.
+
+
+- `#10457 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10457>`_: If a test is skipped from inside a fixture, the test summary now shows the test location instead of the fixture location.
+
+
+- `#10506 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10506>`_: Fix bug where sometimes pytest would use the file system root directory as :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>` on Windows.
+
+
+- `#10607 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10607>`_: Fix a race condition when creating junitxml reports, which could occur when multiple instances of pytest execute in parallel.
+
+
+- `#10641 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10641>`_: Fix a race condition when creating or updating the stepwise plugin's cache, which could occur when multiple xdist worker nodes try to simultaneously update the stepwise plugin's cache.
+
+
+pytest 7.2.0 (2022-10-23)
+=========================
+
+Deprecations
+------------
+
+- `#10012 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10012>`_: Update :class:`pytest.PytestUnhandledCoroutineWarning` to a deprecation; it will raise an error in pytest 8.
+
+
+- `#10396 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10396>`_: pytest no longer depends on the ``py`` library.  ``pytest`` provides a vendored copy of ``py.error`` and ``py.path`` modules but will use the ``py`` library if it is installed.  If you need other ``py.*`` modules, continue to install the deprecated ``py`` library separately, otherwise it can usually be removed as a dependency.
+
+
+- `#4562 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/4562>`_: Deprecate configuring hook specs/impls using attributes/marks.
+
+  Instead use :py:func:`pytest.hookimpl` and :py:func:`pytest.hookspec`.
+  For more details, see the :ref:`docs <legacy-path-hooks-deprecated>`.
+
+
+- `#9886 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9886>`_: The functionality for running tests written for ``nose`` has been officially deprecated.
+
+  This includes:
+
+  * Plain ``setup`` and ``teardown`` functions and methods: this might catch users by surprise, as ``setup()`` and ``teardown()`` are not pytest idioms, but part of the ``nose`` support.
+  * Setup/teardown using the `@with_setup <with-setup-nose>`_ decorator.
+
+  For more details, consult the :ref:`deprecation docs <nose-deprecation>`.
+
+  .. _`with-setup-nose`: https://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/testing_tools.html?highlight=with_setup#nose.tools.with_setup
+
+- `#7337 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7337>`_: A deprecation warning is now emitted if a test function returns something other than `None`. This prevents a common mistake among beginners that expect that returning a `bool` (for example `return foo(a, b) == result`) would cause a test to pass or fail, instead of using `assert`. The plan is to make returning non-`None` from tests an error in the future.
+
+
+Features
+--------
+
+- `#9897 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9897>`_: Added shell-style wildcard support to ``testpaths``.
+
+
+
+Improvements
+------------
+
+- `#10218 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10218>`_: ``@pytest.mark.parametrize()`` (and similar functions) now accepts any ``Sequence[str]`` for the argument names,
+  instead of just ``list[str]`` and ``tuple[str, ...]``.
+
+  (Note that ``str``, which is itself a ``Sequence[str]``, is still treated as a
+  comma-delimited name list, as before).
+
+
+- `#10381 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10381>`_: The ``--no-showlocals`` flag has been added. This can be passed directly to tests to override ``--showlocals`` declared through ``addopts``.
+
+
+- `#3426 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3426>`_: Assertion failures with strings in NFC and NFD forms that normalize to the same string now have a dedicated error message detailing the issue, and their utf-8 representation is expressed instead.
+
+
+- `#8508 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8508>`_: Introduce multiline display for warning matching  via :py:func:`pytest.warns` and
+  enhance match comparison for :py:func:`_pytest._code.ExceptionInfo.match` as returned by :py:func:`pytest.raises`.
+
+
+- `#8646 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/8646>`_: Improve :py:func:`pytest.raises`. Previously passing an empty tuple would give a confusing
+  error. We now raise immediately with a more helpful message.
+
+
+- `#9741 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9741>`_: On Python 3.11, use the standard library's :mod:`tomllib` to parse TOML.
+
+  :mod:`tomli` is no longer a dependency on Python 3.11.
+
+
+- `#9742 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9742>`_: Display assertion message without escaped newline characters with ``-vv``.
+
+
+- `#9823 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9823>`_: Improved error message that is shown when no collector is found for a given file.
+
+
+- `#9873 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9873>`_: Some coloring has been added to the short test summary.
+
+
+- `#9883 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9883>`_: Normalize the help description of all command-line options.
+
+
+- `#9920 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9920>`_: Display full crash messages in ``short test summary info``, when running in a CI environment.
+
+
+- `#9987 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9987>`_: Added support for hidden configuration file by allowing ``.pytest.ini`` as an alternative to ``pytest.ini``.
+
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#10150 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10150>`_: :data:`sys.stdin` now contains all expected methods of a file-like object when capture is enabled.
+
+
+- `#10382 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10382>`_: Do not break into pdb when ``raise unittest.SkipTest()`` appears top-level in a file.
+
+
+- `#7792 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7792>`_: Marks are now inherited according to the full MRO in test classes. Previously, if a test class inherited from two or more classes, only marks from the first super-class would apply.
+
+  When inheriting marks from super-classes, marks from the sub-classes are now ordered before marks from the super-classes, in MRO order. Previously it was the reverse.
+
+  When inheriting marks from super-classes, the `pytestmark` attribute of the sub-class now only contains the marks directly applied to it. Previously, it also contained marks from its super-classes. Please note that this attribute should not normally be accessed directly; use :func:`pytest.Node.iter_markers` instead.
+
+
+- `#9159 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9159>`_: Showing inner exceptions by forcing native display in ``ExceptionGroups`` even when using display options other than ``--tb=native``. A temporary step before full implementation of pytest-native display for inner exceptions in ``ExceptionGroups``.
+
+
+- `#9877 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9877>`_: Ensure ``caplog.get_records(when)`` returns current/correct data after invoking ``caplog.clear()``.
+
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- `#10344 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10344>`_: Update information on writing plugins to use ``pyproject.toml`` instead of ``setup.py``.
+
+
+- `#9248 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9248>`_: The documentation is now built using Sphinx 5.x (up from 3.x previously).
+
+
+- `#9291 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9291>`_: Update documentation on how :func:`pytest.warns` affects :class:`DeprecationWarning`.
+
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- `#10313 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/10313>`_: Made ``_pytest.doctest.DoctestItem`` export ``pytest.DoctestItem`` for
+  type check and runtime purposes. Made `_pytest.doctest` use internal APIs
+  to avoid circular imports.
+
+
+- `#9906 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9906>`_: Made ``_pytest.compat`` re-export ``importlib_metadata`` in the eyes of type checkers.
+
+
+- `#9910 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9910>`_: Fix default encoding warning (``EncodingWarning``) in ``cacheprovider``
+
+
+- `#9984 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9984>`_: Improve the error message when we attempt to access a fixture that has been
+  torn down.
+  Add an additional sentence to the docstring explaining when it's not a good
+  idea to call ``getfixturevalue``.
+
+
 pytest 7.1.3 (2022-08-31)
 =========================
 
@@ -268,7 +725,7 @@ Breaking Changes
 - `#7259 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/7259>`_: The :ref:`Node.reportinfo() <non-python tests>` function first return value type has been expanded from `py.path.local | str` to `os.PathLike[str] | str`.
 
   Most plugins which refer to `reportinfo()` only define it as part of a custom :class:`pytest.Item` implementation.
-  Since `py.path.local` is a `os.PathLike[str]`, these plugins are unaffacted.
+  Since `py.path.local` is an `os.PathLike[str]`, these plugins are unaffacted.
 
   Plugins and users which call `reportinfo()`, use the first return value and interact with it as a `py.path.local`, would need to adjust by calling `py.path.local(fspath)`.
   Although preferably, avoid the legacy `py.path.local` and use `pathlib.Path`, or use `item.location` or `item.path`, instead.
@@ -3768,7 +4225,7 @@ Removals
   See our :ref:`docs <calling fixtures directly deprecated>` on information on how to update your code.
 
 
-- :issue:`4546`: Remove ``Node.get_marker(name)`` the return value was not usable for more than a existence check.
+- :issue:`4546`: Remove ``Node.get_marker(name)`` the return value was not usable for more than an existence check.
 
   Use ``Node.get_closest_marker(name)`` as a replacement.
 

doc/en/conf.py

@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ epub_copyright = "2013, holger krekel et alii"
 # The scheme of the identifier. Typical schemes are ISBN or URL.
 # epub_scheme = ''
 
-# The unique identifier of the text. This can be a ISBN number
+# The unique identifier of the text. This can be an ISBN number
 # or the project homepage.
 # epub_identifier = ''
 

doc/en/deprecations.rst

@@ -1052,7 +1052,7 @@ that are then turned into proper test methods. Example:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     def check(x, y):
-        assert x ** x == y
+        assert x**x == y
 
 
     def test_squared():
@@ -1067,7 +1067,7 @@ This form of test function doesn't support fixtures properly, and users should s
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("x, y", [(2, 4), (3, 9)])
     def test_squared(x, y):
-        assert x ** x == y
+        assert x**x == y
 
 .. _internal classes accessed through node deprecated:
 

doc/en/example/fixtures/test_fixtures_order_dependencies.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ def b(a, order):
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
-def c(a, b, order):
+def c(b, order):
     order.append("c")
 
 

doc/en/example/markers.rst

@@ -246,9 +246,9 @@ You can ask which markers exist for your test suite - the list includes our just
 
     @pytest.mark.usefixtures(fixturename1, fixturename2, ...): mark tests as needing all of the specified fixtures. see https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/explanation/fixtures.html#usefixtures
 
-    @pytest.mark.tryfirst: mark a hook implementation function such that the plugin machinery will try to call it first/as early as possible.
+    @pytest.mark.tryfirst: mark a hook implementation function such that the plugin machinery will try to call it first/as early as possible. DEPRECATED, use @pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True) instead.
 
-    @pytest.mark.trylast: mark a hook implementation function such that the plugin machinery will try to call it last/as late as possible.
+    @pytest.mark.trylast: mark a hook implementation function such that the plugin machinery will try to call it last/as late as possible. DEPRECATED, use @pytest.hookimpl(trylast=True) instead.
 
 
 For an example on how to add and work with markers from a plugin, see
@@ -438,9 +438,9 @@ The ``--markers`` option always gives you a list of available markers:
 
     @pytest.mark.usefixtures(fixturename1, fixturename2, ...): mark tests as needing all of the specified fixtures. see https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/explanation/fixtures.html#usefixtures
 
-    @pytest.mark.tryfirst: mark a hook implementation function such that the plugin machinery will try to call it first/as early as possible.
+    @pytest.mark.tryfirst: mark a hook implementation function such that the plugin machinery will try to call it first/as early as possible. DEPRECATED, use @pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True) instead.
 
-    @pytest.mark.trylast: mark a hook implementation function such that the plugin machinery will try to call it last/as late as possible.
+    @pytest.mark.trylast: mark a hook implementation function such that the plugin machinery will try to call it last/as late as possible. DEPRECATED, use @pytest.hookimpl(trylast=True) instead.
 
 
 .. _`passing callables to custom markers`:
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ then you will see two tests skipped and two executed tests as expected:
     test_plat.py s.s.                                                    [100%]
 
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
-    SKIPPED [2] conftest.py:12: cannot run on platform linux
+    SKIPPED [2] conftest.py:13: cannot run on platform linux
     ======================= 2 passed, 2 skipped in 0.12s =======================
 
 Note that if you specify a platform via the marker-command line option like this:

doc/en/example/nonpython/conftest.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class YamlFile(pytest.File):
         # We need a yaml parser, e.g. PyYAML.
         import yaml
 
-        raw = yaml.safe_load(self.path.open())
+        raw = yaml.safe_load(self.path.open(encoding="utf-8"))
         for name, spec in sorted(raw.items()):
             yield YamlItem.from_parent(self, name=name, spec=spec)
 
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ class YamlItem(pytest.Item):
                     "   no further details known at this point.",
                 ]
             )
+        return super().repr_failure(excinfo)
 
     def reportinfo(self):
         return self.path, 0, f"usecase: {self.name}"

doc/en/example/parametrize.rst

@@ -504,9 +504,9 @@ Running it results in some skips if we don't have all the python interpreters in
    . $ pytest -rs -q multipython.py
    sssssssssssssssssssssssssss                                          [100%]
    ========================= short test summary info ==========================
-   SKIPPED [9] multipython.py:29: 'python3.5' not found
-   SKIPPED [9] multipython.py:29: 'python3.6' not found
-   SKIPPED [9] multipython.py:29: 'python3.7' not found
+   SKIPPED [9] multipython.py:69: 'python3.5' not found
+   SKIPPED [9] multipython.py:69: 'python3.6' not found
+   SKIPPED [9] multipython.py:69: 'python3.7' not found
    27 skipped in 0.12s
 
 Indirect parametrization of optional implementations/imports
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ If you run this with reporting for skips enabled:
     test_module.py .s                                                    [100%]
 
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
-    SKIPPED [1] conftest.py:12: could not import 'opt2': No module named 'opt2'
+    SKIPPED [1] test_module.py:3: could not import 'opt2': No module named 'opt2'
     ======================= 1 passed, 1 skipped in 0.12s =======================
 
 You'll see that we don't have an ``opt2`` module and thus the second test run

doc/en/example/pythoncollection.rst

@@ -148,7 +148,8 @@ The test collection would look like this:
     $ pytest --collect-only
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
-    rootdir: /home/sweet/project, configfile: pytest.ini
+    rootdir: /home/sweet/project
+    configfile: pytest.ini
     collected 2 items
 
     <Module check_myapp.py>
@@ -209,7 +210,8 @@ You can always peek at the collection tree without running tests like this:
     . $ pytest --collect-only pythoncollection.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
-    rootdir: /home/sweet/project, configfile: pytest.ini
+    rootdir: /home/sweet/project
+    configfile: pytest.ini
     collected 3 items
 
     <Module CWD/pythoncollection.py>
@@ -290,7 +292,8 @@ file will be left out:
     $ pytest --collect-only
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
-    rootdir: /home/sweet/project, configfile: pytest.ini
+    rootdir: /home/sweet/project
+    configfile: pytest.ini
     collected 0 items
 
     ======================= no tests collected in 0.12s ========================

doc/en/example/reportingdemo.rst

@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
     E           1
     E           1...
     E
-    E         ...Full output truncated (7 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
+    E         ...Full output truncated (6 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
 
     failure_demo.py:60: AssertionError
     _________________ TestSpecialisedExplanations.test_eq_list _________________
@@ -184,9 +184,8 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
     E         Left contains 1 more item:
     E         {'c': 0}
     E         Right contains 1 more item:
-    E         {'d': 0}...
-    E
-    E         ...Full output truncated (2 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
+    E         {'d': 0}
+    E         Use -v to get more diff
 
     failure_demo.py:71: AssertionError
     _________________ TestSpecialisedExplanations.test_eq_set __________________
@@ -195,16 +194,15 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
 
         def test_eq_set(self):
     >       assert {0, 10, 11, 12} == {0, 20, 21}
-    E       AssertionError: assert {0, 10, 11, 12} == {0, 20, 21}
+    E       assert {0, 10, 11, 12} == {0, 20, 21}
     E         Extra items in the left set:
     E         10
     E         11
     E         12
     E         Extra items in the right set:
     E         20
-    E         21...
-    E
-    E         ...Full output truncated (2 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
+    E         21
+    E         Use -v to get more diff
 
     failure_demo.py:74: AssertionError
     _____________ TestSpecialisedExplanations.test_eq_longer_list ______________
@@ -241,9 +239,8 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
     E           which
     E           includes foo
     E         ?          +++
-    E           and a...
-    E
-    E         ...Full output truncated (2 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
+    E           and a
+    E           tail
 
     failure_demo.py:84: AssertionError
     ___________ TestSpecialisedExplanations.test_not_in_text_single ____________
@@ -307,9 +304,9 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
     E         ['b']
     E
     E         Drill down into differing attribute b:
-    E           b: 'b' != 'c'...
-    E
-    E         ...Full output truncated (3 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
+    E           b: 'b' != 'c'
+    E           - c
+    E           + b
 
     failure_demo.py:108: AssertionError
     ________________ TestSpecialisedExplanations.test_eq_attrs _________________
@@ -334,9 +331,9 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
     E         ['b']
     E
     E         Drill down into differing attribute b:
-    E           b: 'b' != 'c'...
-    E
-    E         ...Full output truncated (3 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
+    E           b: 'b' != 'c'
+    E           - c
+    E           + b
 
     failure_demo.py:120: AssertionError
     ______________________________ test_attribute ______________________________
@@ -673,7 +670,7 @@ Here is a nice run of several failures and how ``pytest`` presents things:
     FAILED failure_demo.py::TestSpecialisedExplanations::test_eq_list - asser...
     FAILED failure_demo.py::TestSpecialisedExplanations::test_eq_list_long - ...
     FAILED failure_demo.py::TestSpecialisedExplanations::test_eq_dict - Asser...
-    FAILED failure_demo.py::TestSpecialisedExplanations::test_eq_set - Assert...
+    FAILED failure_demo.py::TestSpecialisedExplanations::test_eq_set - assert...
     FAILED failure_demo.py::TestSpecialisedExplanations::test_eq_longer_list
     FAILED failure_demo.py::TestSpecialisedExplanations::test_in_list - asser...
     FAILED failure_demo.py::TestSpecialisedExplanations::test_not_in_text_multiline

doc/en/example/simple.rst

@@ -661,8 +661,7 @@ If we run this:
 
     test_step.py:11: AssertionError
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
-    XFAIL test_step.py::TestUserHandling::test_deletion
-      reason: previous test failed (test_modification)
+    XFAIL test_step.py::TestUserHandling::test_deletion - reason: previous test failed (test_modification)
     ================== 1 failed, 2 passed, 1 xfailed in 0.12s ==================
 
 We'll see that ``test_deletion`` was not executed because ``test_modification``
@@ -692,7 +691,7 @@ Here is an example for making a ``db`` fixture available in a directory:
         pass
 
 
-    @pytest.fixture(scope="session")
+    @pytest.fixture(scope="package")
     def db():
         return DB()
 
@@ -818,7 +817,7 @@ case we just write some information out to a ``failures`` file:
         # we only look at actual failing test calls, not setup/teardown
         if rep.when == "call" and rep.failed:
             mode = "a" if os.path.exists("failures") else "w"
-            with open("failures", mode) as f:
+            with open("failures", mode, encoding="utf-8") as f:
                 # let's also access a fixture for the fun of it
                 if "tmp_path" in item.fixturenames:
                     extra = " ({})".format(item.funcargs["tmp_path"])
@@ -893,8 +892,11 @@ here is a little example implemented via a local plugin:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     # content of conftest.py
-
+    from typing import Dict
     import pytest
+    from pytest import StashKey, CollectReport
+
+    phase_report_key = StashKey[Dict[str, CollectReport]]()
 
 
     @pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True, hookwrapper=True)
@@ -903,10 +905,9 @@ here is a little example implemented via a local plugin:
         outcome = yield
         rep = outcome.get_result()
 
-        # set a report attribute for each phase of a call, which can
+        # store test results for each phase of a call, which can
         # be "setup", "call", "teardown"
-
-        setattr(item, "rep_" + rep.when, rep)
+        item.stash.setdefault(phase_report_key, {})[rep.when] = rep
 
 
     @pytest.fixture
@@ -914,11 +915,11 @@ here is a little example implemented via a local plugin:
         yield
         # request.node is an "item" because we use the default
         # "function" scope
-        if request.node.rep_setup.failed:
-            print("setting up a test failed!", request.node.nodeid)
-        elif request.node.rep_setup.passed:
-            if request.node.rep_call.failed:
-                print("executing test failed", request.node.nodeid)
+        report = request.node.stash[phase_report_key]
+        if report["setup"].failed:
+            print("setting up a test failed or skipped", request.node.nodeid)
+        elif ("call" not in report) or report["call"].failed:
+            print("executing test failed or skipped", request.node.nodeid)
 
 
 if you then have failing tests:
@@ -956,8 +957,8 @@ and run it:
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 3 items
 
-    test_module.py Esetting up a test failed! test_module.py::test_setup_fails
-    Fexecuting test failed test_module.py::test_call_fails
+    test_module.py Esetting up a test failed or skipped test_module.py::test_setup_fails
+    Fexecuting test failed or skipped test_module.py::test_call_fails
     F
 
     ================================== ERRORS ==================================

doc/en/explanation/goodpractices.rst

@@ -24,8 +24,9 @@ The first few lines should look like this:
 
     [project]
     name = "PACKAGENAME"
+    version = "PACKAGEVERSION"
 
-where ``PACKAGENAME`` is the name of your package.
+where ``PACKAGENAME`` and ``PACKAGEVERSION`` are the name and version of your package respectively.
 
 You can then install your package in "editable" mode by running from the same directory:
 
@@ -50,8 +51,8 @@ Conventions for Python test discovery
 * In those directories, search for ``test_*.py`` or ``*_test.py`` files, imported by their `test package name`_.
 * From those files, collect test items:
 
-  * ``test`` prefixed test functions or methods outside of class
-  * ``test`` prefixed test functions or methods inside ``Test`` prefixed test classes (without an ``__init__`` method)
+  * ``test`` prefixed test functions or methods outside of class.
+  * ``test`` prefixed test functions or methods inside ``Test`` prefixed test classes (without an ``__init__`` method). Methods decorated with ``@staticmethod`` and ``@classmethods`` are also considered.
 
 For examples of how to customize your test discovery :doc:`/example/pythoncollection`.
 
@@ -270,8 +271,8 @@ tox
 
 Once you are done with your work and want to make sure that your actual
 package passes all tests you may want to look into :doc:`tox <tox:index>`, the
-virtualenv test automation tool and its :doc:`pytest support <tox:example/pytest>`.
-tox helps you to setup virtualenv environments with pre-defined
+virtualenv test automation tool.
+``tox`` helps you to setup virtualenv environments with pre-defined
 dependencies and then executing a pre-configured test command with
 options.  It will run tests against the installed package and not
 against your source code checkout, helping to detect packaging
@@ -293,3 +294,20 @@ See also `pypa/setuptools#1684 <https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/1684>`
 
 setuptools intends to
 `remove the test command <https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/931>`_.
+
+Checking with flake8-pytest-style
+---------------------------------
+
+In order to ensure that pytest is being used correctly in your project,
+it can be helpful to use the `flake8-pytest-style <https://github.com/m-burst/flake8-pytest-style>`_ flake8 plugin.
+
+flake8-pytest-style checks for common mistakes and coding style violations in pytest code,
+such as incorrect use of fixtures, test function names, and markers.
+By using this plugin, you can catch these errors early in the development process
+and ensure that your pytest code is consistent and easy to maintain.
+
+A list of the lints detected by flake8-pytest-style can be found on its `PyPI page <https://pypi.org/project/flake8-pytest-style/>`_.
+
+.. note::
+
+    flake8-pytest-style is not an official pytest project. Some of the rules enforce certain style choices, such as using `@pytest.fixture()` over `@pytest.fixture`, but you can configure the plugin to fit your preferred style.

doc/en/explanation/pythonpath.rst

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import process can be controlled through the ``--import-mode`` command-line flag
 these values:
 
 * ``prepend`` (default): the directory path containing each module will be inserted into the *beginning*
-  of :py:data:`sys.path` if not already there, and then imported with the :func:`__import__ <__import__>` builtin.
+  of :py:data:`sys.path` if not already there, and then imported with the :func:`importlib.import_module <importlib.import_module>` function.
 
   This requires test module names to be unique when the test directory tree is not arranged in
   packages, because the modules will put in :py:data:`sys.modules` after importing.
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ these values:
   This is the classic mechanism, dating back from the time Python 2 was still supported.
 
 * ``append``: the directory containing each module is appended to the end of :py:data:`sys.path` if not already
-  there, and imported with ``__import__``.
+  there, and imported with :func:`importlib.import_module <importlib.import_module>`.
 
   This better allows to run test modules against installed versions of a package even if the
   package under test has the same import root. For example:
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ these values:
   Same as ``prepend``, requires test module names to be unique when the test directory tree is
   not arranged in packages, because the modules will put in :py:data:`sys.modules` after importing.
 
-* ``importlib``: new in pytest-6.0, this mode uses :mod:`importlib` to import test modules. This gives full control over the import process, and doesn't require changing :py:data:`sys.path`.
+* ``importlib``: new in pytest-6.0, this mode uses more fine control mechanisms provided by :mod:`importlib` to import test modules. This gives full control over the import process, and doesn't require changing :py:data:`sys.path`.
 
   For this reason this doesn't require test module names to be unique.
 

doc/en/getting-started.rst

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Install ``pytest``
 .. code-block:: bash
 
     $ pytest --version
-    pytest 7.1.3
+    pytest 7.4.2
 
 .. _`simpletest`:
 

doc/en/how-to/assert.rst

@@ -54,14 +54,13 @@ operators. (See :ref:`tbreportdemo`).  This allows you to use the
 idiomatic python constructs without boilerplate code while not losing
 introspection information.
 
-However, if you specify a message with the assertion like this:
+If a message is specified with the assertion like this:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
     assert a % 2 == 0, "value was odd, should be even"
 
-then no assertion introspection takes places at all and the message
-will be simply shown in the traceback.
+it is printed alongside the assertion introspection in the traceback.
 
 See :ref:`assert-details` for more information on assertion introspection.
 

doc/en/how-to/cache.rst

@@ -176,14 +176,21 @@ with more recent files coming first.
 Behavior when no tests failed in the last run
 ---------------------------------------------
 
-When no tests failed in the last run, or when no cached ``lastfailed`` data was
-found, ``pytest`` can be configured either to run all of the tests or no tests,
-using the ``--last-failed-no-failures`` option, which takes one of the following values:
+The ``--lfnf/--last-failed-no-failures`` option governs the behavior of ``--last-failed``.
+Determines whether to execute tests when there are no previously (known)
+failures or when no cached ``lastfailed`` data was found.
+
+There are two options:
+
+* ``all``:  when there are no known test failures, runs all tests (the full test suite). This is the default.
+* ``none``: when there are no known test failures, just emits a message stating this and exit successfully.
+
+Example:
 
 .. code-block:: bash
 
-    pytest --last-failed --last-failed-no-failures all    # run all tests (default behavior)
-    pytest --last-failed --last-failed-no-failures none   # run no tests and exit
+    pytest --last-failed --last-failed-no-failures all    # runs the full test suite (default behavior)
+    pytest --last-failed --last-failed-no-failures none   # runs no tests and exits successfully
 
 The new config.cache object
 --------------------------------
@@ -233,7 +240,7 @@ If you run this command for the first time, you can see the print statement:
     >       assert mydata == 23
     E       assert 42 == 23
 
-    test_caching.py:20: AssertionError
+    test_caching.py:19: AssertionError
     -------------------------- Captured stdout setup ---------------------------
     running expensive computation...
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
@@ -256,7 +263,7 @@ the cache and nothing will be printed:
     >       assert mydata == 23
     E       assert 42 == 23
 
-    test_caching.py:20: AssertionError
+    test_caching.py:19: AssertionError
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
     FAILED test_caching.py::test_function - assert 42 == 23
     1 failed in 0.12s

doc/en/how-to/capture-warnings.rst

@@ -109,6 +109,18 @@ When a warning matches more than one option in the list, the action for the last
 is performed.
 
 
+.. note::
+
+    The ``-W`` flag and the ``filterwarnings`` ini option use warning filters that are
+    similar in structure, but each configuration option interprets its filter
+    differently. For example, *message* in ``filterwarnings`` is a string containing a
+    regular expression that the start of the warning message must match,
+    case-insensitively, while *message* in ``-W`` is a literal string that the start of
+    the warning message must contain (case-insensitively), ignoring any whitespace at
+    the start or end of message. Consult the `warning filter`_ documentation for more
+    details.
+
+
 .. _`filterwarnings`:
 
 ``@pytest.mark.filterwarnings``
@@ -270,20 +282,34 @@ which works in a similar manner to :ref:`raises <assertraises>` (except that
             warnings.warn("my warning", UserWarning)
 
 The test will fail if the warning in question is not raised. Use the keyword
-argument ``match`` to assert that the warning matches a text or regex::
+argument ``match`` to assert that the warning matches a text or regex.
+To match a literal string that may contain regular expression metacharacters like ``(`` or ``.``, the pattern can
+first be escaped with ``re.escape``.
 
-    >>> with warns(UserWarning, match='must be 0 or None'):
+Some examples:
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+
+    >>> with warns(UserWarning, match="must be 0 or None"):
     ...     warnings.warn("value must be 0 or None", UserWarning)
+    ...
 
-    >>> with warns(UserWarning, match=r'must be \d+$'):
+    >>> with warns(UserWarning, match=r"must be \d+$"):
     ...     warnings.warn("value must be 42", UserWarning)
+    ...
 
-    >>> with warns(UserWarning, match=r'must be \d+$'):
+    >>> with warns(UserWarning, match=r"must be \d+$"):
     ...     warnings.warn("this is not here", UserWarning)
+    ...
     Traceback (most recent call last):
       ...
     Failed: DID NOT WARN. No warnings of type ...UserWarning... were emitted...
 
+    >>> with warns(UserWarning, match=re.escape("issue with foo() func")):
+    ...     warnings.warn("issue with foo() func")
+    ...
+
 You can also call :func:`pytest.warns` on a function or code string:
 
 .. code-block:: python

doc/en/how-to/fixtures.rst

@@ -1237,7 +1237,6 @@ If the data created by the factory requires managing, the fixture can take care
 
     @pytest.fixture
     def make_customer_record():
-
         created_records = []
 
         def _make_customer_record(name):
@@ -1699,7 +1698,7 @@ and declare its use in a test module via a ``usefixtures`` marker:
     class TestDirectoryInit:
         def test_cwd_starts_empty(self):
             assert os.listdir(os.getcwd()) == []
-            with open("myfile", "w") as f:
+            with open("myfile", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                 f.write("hello")
 
         def test_cwd_again_starts_empty(self):

doc/en/how-to/logging.rst

@@ -55,6 +55,13 @@ These options can also be customized through ``pytest.ini`` file:
     log_format = %(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s
     log_date_format = %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
 
+Specific loggers can be disabled via ``--log-disable={logger_name}``.
+This argument can be passed multiple times:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    pytest --log-disable=main --log-disable=testing
+
 Further it is possible to disable reporting of captured content (stdout,
 stderr and logs) on failed tests completely with:
 

doc/en/how-to/monkeypatch.rst

@@ -135,10 +135,10 @@ This can be done in our test file by defining a class to represent ``r``.
     # this is the previous code block example
     import app
 
+
     # custom class to be the mock return value
     # will override the requests.Response returned from requests.get
     class MockResponse:
-
         # mock json() method always returns a specific testing dictionary
         @staticmethod
         def json():
@@ -146,7 +146,6 @@ This can be done in our test file by defining a class to represent ``r``.
 
 
     def test_get_json(monkeypatch):
-
         # Any arguments may be passed and mock_get() will always return our
         # mocked object, which only has the .json() method.
         def mock_get(*args, **kwargs):
@@ -181,6 +180,7 @@ This mock can be shared across tests using a ``fixture``:
     # app.py that includes the get_json() function
     import app
 
+
     # custom class to be the mock return value of requests.get()
     class MockResponse:
         @staticmethod
@@ -358,7 +358,6 @@ For testing purposes we can patch the ``DEFAULT_CONFIG`` dictionary to specific
 
 
     def test_connection(monkeypatch):
-
         # Patch the values of DEFAULT_CONFIG to specific
         # testing values only for this test.
         monkeypatch.setitem(app.DEFAULT_CONFIG, "user", "test_user")
@@ -383,7 +382,6 @@ You can use the :py:meth:`monkeypatch.delitem <MonkeyPatch.delitem>` to remove v
 
 
     def test_missing_user(monkeypatch):
-
         # patch the DEFAULT_CONFIG t be missing the 'user' key
         monkeypatch.delitem(app.DEFAULT_CONFIG, "user", raising=False)
 
@@ -404,6 +402,7 @@ separate fixtures for each potential mock and reference them in the needed tests
     # app.py with the connection string function
     import app
 
+
     # all of the mocks are moved into separated fixtures
     @pytest.fixture
     def mock_test_user(monkeypatch):
@@ -425,7 +424,6 @@ separate fixtures for each potential mock and reference them in the needed tests
 
     # tests reference only the fixture mocks that are needed
     def test_connection(mock_test_user, mock_test_database):
-
         expected = "User Id=test_user; Location=test_db;"
 
         result = app.create_connection_string()
@@ -433,7 +431,6 @@ separate fixtures for each potential mock and reference them in the needed tests
 
 
     def test_missing_user(mock_missing_default_user):
-
         with pytest.raises(KeyError):
             _ = app.create_connection_string()
 

doc/en/how-to/output.rst

@@ -167,9 +167,9 @@ Now we can increase pytest's verbosity:
     E         Right contains 4 more items:
     E         {'10': 10, '20': 20, '30': 30, '40': 40}
     E         Full diff:
-    E         - {'0': 0, '10': 10, '20': 20, '30': 30, '40': 40}...
-    E
-    E         ...Full output truncated (3 lines hidden), use '-vv' to show
+    E         - {'0': 0, '10': 10, '20': 20, '30': 30, '40': 40}
+    E         ?            -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -
+    E         + {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4}
 
     test_verbosity_example.py:14: AssertionError
     ___________________________ test_long_text_fail ____________________________
@@ -349,8 +349,7 @@ Example:
     test_example.py:14: AssertionError
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
     SKIPPED [1] test_example.py:22: skipping this test
-    XFAIL test_example.py::test_xfail
-      reason: xfailing this test
+    XFAIL test_example.py::test_xfail - reason: xfailing this test
     XPASS test_example.py::test_xpass always xfail
     ERROR test_example.py::test_error - assert 0
     FAILED test_example.py::test_fail - assert 0

doc/en/how-to/tmp_path.rst

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ created in the `base temporary directory`_.
         d = tmp_path / "sub"
         d.mkdir()
         p = d / "hello.txt"
-        p.write_text(CONTENT)
-        assert p.read_text() == CONTENT
+        p.write_text(CONTENT, encoding="utf-8")
+        assert p.read_text(encoding="utf-8") == CONTENT
         assert len(list(tmp_path.iterdir())) == 1
         assert 0
 
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ Running this would result in a passed test except for the last
             d = tmp_path / "sub"
             d.mkdir()
             p = d / "hello.txt"
-            p.write_text(CONTENT)
-            assert p.read_text() == CONTENT
+            p.write_text(CONTENT, encoding="utf-8")
+            assert p.read_text(encoding="utf-8") == CONTENT
             assert len(list(tmp_path.iterdir())) == 1
     >       assert 0
     E       assert 0
@@ -131,10 +131,12 @@ The default base temporary directory
 
 Temporary directories are by default created as sub-directories of
 the system temporary directory.  The base name will be ``pytest-NUM`` where
-``NUM`` will be incremented with each test run.  Moreover, entries older
-than 3 temporary directories will be removed.
+``NUM`` will be incremented with each test run.
+By default, entries older than 3 temporary directories will be removed.
+This behavior can be configured with :confval:`tmp_path_retention_count` and
+:confval:`tmp_path_retention_policy`.
 
-The number of entries currently cannot be changed, but using the ``--basetemp``
+Using the ``--basetemp``
 option will remove the directory before every run, effectively meaning the temporary directories
 of only the most recent run will be kept.
 

doc/en/how-to/unittest.rst

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ the ``self.db`` values in the traceback:
     E       AssertionError: <conftest.db_class.<locals>.DummyDB object at 0xdeadbeef0001>
     E       assert 0
 
-    test_unittest_db.py:10: AssertionError
+    test_unittest_db.py:11: AssertionError
     ___________________________ MyTest.test_method2 ____________________________
 
     self = <test_unittest_db.MyTest testMethod=test_method2>
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ the ``self.db`` values in the traceback:
     E       AssertionError: <conftest.db_class.<locals>.DummyDB object at 0xdeadbeef0001>
     E       assert 0
 
-    test_unittest_db.py:13: AssertionError
+    test_unittest_db.py:14: AssertionError
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
     FAILED test_unittest_db.py::MyTest::test_method1 - AssertionError: <conft...
     FAILED test_unittest_db.py::MyTest::test_method2 - AssertionError: <conft...
@@ -207,10 +207,10 @@ creation of a per-test temporary directory:
         @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
         def initdir(self, tmp_path, monkeypatch):
             monkeypatch.chdir(tmp_path)  # change to pytest-provided temporary directory
-            tmp_path.joinpath("samplefile.ini").write_text("# testdata")
+            tmp_path.joinpath("samplefile.ini").write_text("# testdata", encoding="utf-8")
 
         def test_method(self):
-            with open("samplefile.ini") as f:
+            with open("samplefile.ini", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                 s = f.read()
             assert "testdata" in s
 

doc/en/how-to/usage.rst

@@ -35,11 +35,12 @@ Pytest supports several ways to run and select tests from the command-line.
 
 .. code-block:: bash
 
-    pytest -k "MyClass and not method"
+    pytest -k 'MyClass and not method'
 
 This will run tests which contain names that match the given *string expression* (case-insensitive),
 which can include Python operators that use filenames, class names and function names as variables.
 The example above will run ``TestMyClass.test_something``  but not ``TestMyClass.test_method_simple``.
+Use ``""`` instead of ``''`` in expression when running this on Windows
 
 .. _nodeids:
 
@@ -172,7 +173,8 @@ You can invoke ``pytest`` from Python code directly:
 
 this acts as if you would call "pytest" from the command line.
 It will not raise :class:`SystemExit` but return the :ref:`exit code <exit-codes>` instead.
-You can pass in options and arguments:
+If you don't pass it any arguments, ``main`` reads the arguments from the command line arguments of the process (:data:`sys.argv`), which may be undesirable.
+You can pass in options and arguments explicitly:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 

doc/en/how-to/writing_hook_functions.rst

@@ -249,6 +249,7 @@ and use pytest_addoption as follows:
 
    # contents of hooks.py
 
+
    # Use firstresult=True because we only want one plugin to define this
    # default value
    @hookspec(firstresult=True)

doc/en/how-to/writing_plugins.rst

@@ -167,13 +167,8 @@ it in your ``pyproject.toml`` file.
         "Framework :: Pytest",
     ]
 
-    [tool.setuptools]
-    packages = ["myproject"]
-
-    [project.entry_points]
-    pytest11 = [
-        "myproject = myproject.pluginmodule",
-    ]
+    [project.entry-points.pytest11]
+    myproject = "myproject.pluginmodule"
 
 If a package is installed this way, ``pytest`` will load
 ``myproject.pluginmodule`` as a plugin which can define
@@ -454,7 +449,8 @@ in our ``pytest.ini`` to tell pytest where to look for example files.
     $ pytest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
-    rootdir: /home/sweet/project, configfile: pytest.ini
+    rootdir: /home/sweet/project
+    configfile: pytest.ini
     collected 2 items
 
     test_example.py ..                                                   [100%]

doc/en/index.rst

@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
 
 .. sidebar:: Next Open Trainings
 
-   - Professionelles Testen für Python mit pytest, part of `enterPy <https://www.enterpy.de/>`__ (German), `October 28th <https://www.enterpy.de/veranstaltung-15409-se-0-professionelles-testen-fuer-python-mit-pytest.html>`__ (sold out) and `November 4th <https://www.enterpy.de/veranstaltung-15557-se-0-professionelles-testen-fuer-python-mit-pytest-zusatztermin.html>`__, online
-   - `Professional Testing with Python <https://python-academy.com/courses/python_course_testing.html>`_, via `Python Academy <https://www.python-academy.com/>`_, March 7th to 9th 2023 (3 day in-depth training), Remote and Leipzig, Germany
+   - `Professional Testing with Python <https://python-academy.com/courses/python_course_testing.html>`_, via `Python Academy <https://www.python-academy.com/>`_, **March 5th to 7th 2024** (3 day in-depth training), **Leipzig, Germany / Remote**
 
    Also see :doc:`previous talks and blogposts <talks>`.
 

doc/en/reference/fixtures.rst

@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ For example:
 
 .. literalinclude:: /example/fixtures/test_fixtures_order_dependencies.py
 
-If we map out what depends on what, we get something that look like this:
+If we map out what depends on what, we get something that looks like this:
 
 .. image:: /example/fixtures/test_fixtures_order_dependencies.*
     :align: center

doc/en/reference/reference.rst

@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ pytest.exit
 pytest.main
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 
+**Tutorial**: :ref:`pytest.main-usage`
+
 .. autofunction:: pytest.main
 
 pytest.param
@@ -783,18 +785,66 @@ reporting or interaction with exceptions:
 .. autofunction:: pytest_leave_pdb
 
 
-Objects
--------
+Collection tree objects
+-----------------------
 
-Full reference to objects accessible from :ref:`fixtures <fixture>` or :ref:`hooks <hook-reference>`.
+These are the collector and item classes (collectively called "nodes") which
+make up the collection tree.
 
+Node
+~~~~
 
-CallInfo
-~~~~~~~~
-
-.. autoclass:: pytest.CallInfo()
+.. autoclass:: _pytest.nodes.Node()
     :members:
 
+Collector
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: pytest.Collector()
+    :members:
+    :show-inheritance:
+
+Item
+~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: pytest.Item()
+    :members:
+    :show-inheritance:
+
+File
+~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: pytest.File()
+    :members:
+    :show-inheritance:
+
+FSCollector
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: _pytest.nodes.FSCollector()
+    :members:
+    :show-inheritance:
+
+Session
+~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: pytest.Session()
+    :members:
+    :show-inheritance:
+
+Package
+~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: pytest.Package()
+    :members:
+    :show-inheritance:
+
+Module
+~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: pytest.Module()
+    :members:
+    :show-inheritance:
 
 Class
 ~~~~~
@@ -803,13 +853,34 @@ Class
     :members:
     :show-inheritance:
 
-Collector
-~~~~~~~~~
+Function
+~~~~~~~~
 
-.. autoclass:: pytest.Collector()
+.. autoclass:: pytest.Function()
     :members:
     :show-inheritance:
 
+FunctionDefinition
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: _pytest.python.FunctionDefinition()
+    :members:
+    :show-inheritance:
+
+
+Objects
+-------
+
+Objects accessible from :ref:`fixtures <fixture>` or :ref:`hooks <hook-reference>`
+or importable from ``pytest``.
+
+
+CallInfo
+~~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: pytest.CallInfo()
+    :members:
+
 CollectReport
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -837,13 +908,6 @@ ExitCode
 .. autoclass:: pytest.ExitCode
     :members:
 
-File
-~~~~
-
-.. autoclass:: pytest.File()
-    :members:
-    :show-inheritance:
-
 
 FixtureDef
 ~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -852,34 +916,6 @@ FixtureDef
     :members:
     :show-inheritance:
 
-FSCollector
-~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-.. autoclass:: _pytest.nodes.FSCollector()
-    :members:
-    :show-inheritance:
-
-Function
-~~~~~~~~
-
-.. autoclass:: pytest.Function()
-    :members:
-    :show-inheritance:
-
-FunctionDefinition
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-.. autoclass:: _pytest.python.FunctionDefinition()
-    :members:
-    :show-inheritance:
-
-Item
-~~~~
-
-.. autoclass:: pytest.Item()
-    :members:
-    :show-inheritance:
-
 MarkDecorator
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -907,19 +943,6 @@ Metafunc
 .. autoclass:: pytest.Metafunc()
     :members:
 
-Module
-~~~~~~
-
-.. autoclass:: pytest.Module()
-    :members:
-    :show-inheritance:
-
-Node
-~~~~
-
-.. autoclass:: _pytest.nodes.Node()
-    :members:
-
 Parser
 ~~~~~~
 
@@ -941,13 +964,6 @@ PytestPluginManager
     :inherited-members:
     :show-inheritance:
 
-Session
-~~~~~~~
-
-.. autoclass:: pytest.Session()
-    :members:
-    :show-inheritance:
-
 TestReport
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -956,10 +972,16 @@ TestReport
     :show-inheritance:
     :inherited-members:
 
-_Result
+TestShortLogReport
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. autoclass:: pytest.TestShortLogReport()
+    :members:
+
+Result
 ~~~~~~~
 
-Result object used within :ref:`hook wrappers <hookwrapper>`, see :py:class:`_Result in the pluggy documentation <pluggy._callers._Result>` for more information.
+Result object used within :ref:`hook wrappers <hookwrapper>`, see :py:class:`Result in the pluggy documentation <pluggy.Result>` for more information.
 
 Stash
 ~~~~~
@@ -1047,6 +1069,14 @@ Environment Variables
 
 Environment variables that can be used to change pytest's behavior.
 
+.. envvar:: CI
+
+When set (regardless of value), pytest acknowledges that is running in a CI process. Alternative to ``BUILD_NUMBER`` variable.
+
+.. envvar:: BUILD_NUMBER
+
+When set (regardless of value), pytest acknowledges that is running in a CI process. Alternative to CI variable.
+
 .. envvar:: PYTEST_ADDOPTS
 
 This contains a command-line (parsed by the py:mod:`shlex` module) that will be **prepended** to the command line given
@@ -1212,6 +1242,7 @@ passed multiple times. The expected format is ``name=value``. For example::
 
    * ``classic``: classic pytest output.
    * ``progress``: like classic pytest output, but with a progress indicator.
+   * ``progress-even-when-capture-no``: allows the use of the progress indicator even when ``capture=no``.
    * ``count``: like progress, but shows progress as the number of tests completed instead of a percent.
 
    The default is ``progress``, but you can fallback to ``classic`` if you prefer or
@@ -1688,6 +1719,11 @@ passed multiple times. The expected format is ``name=value``. For example::
         [pytest]
         pythonpath = src1 src2
 
+   .. note::
+
+        ``pythonpath`` does not affect some imports that happen very early,
+        most notably plugins loaded using the ``-p`` command line option.
+
 
 .. confval:: required_plugins
 
@@ -1704,13 +1740,12 @@ passed multiple times. The expected format is ``name=value``. For example::
 
 .. confval:: testpaths
 
-
-
    Sets list of directories that should be searched for tests when
    no specific directories, files or test ids are given in the command line when
    executing pytest from the :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>` directory.
    File system paths may use shell-style wildcards, including the recursive
    ``**`` pattern.
+
    Useful when all project tests are in a known location to speed up
    test collection and to avoid picking up undesired tests by accident.
 
@@ -1719,8 +1754,51 @@ passed multiple times. The expected format is ``name=value``. For example::
         [pytest]
         testpaths = testing doc
 
-   This tells pytest to only look for tests in ``testing`` and ``doc``
-   directories when executing from the root directory.
+   This configuration means that executing:
+
+   .. code-block:: console
+
+       pytest
+
+   has the same practical effects as executing:
+
+   .. code-block:: console
+
+       pytest testing doc
+
+
+.. confval:: tmp_path_retention_count
+
+
+
+   How many sessions should we keep the `tmp_path` directories,
+   according to `tmp_path_retention_policy`.
+
+   .. code-block:: ini
+
+        [pytest]
+        tmp_path_retention_count = 3
+
+   Default: ``3``
+
+
+.. confval:: tmp_path_retention_policy
+
+
+
+   Controls which directories created by the `tmp_path` fixture are kept around,
+   based on test outcome.
+
+    * `all`: retains directories for all tests, regardless of the outcome.
+    * `failed`: retains directories only for tests with outcome `error` or `failed`.
+    * `none`: directories are always removed after each test ends, regardless of the outcome.
+
+   .. code-block:: ini
+
+        [pytest]
+        tmp_path_retention_policy = "all"
+
+   Default: ``all``
 
 
 .. confval:: usefixtures
@@ -1759,12 +1837,12 @@ All the command-line flags can be obtained by running ``pytest --help``::
     $ pytest --help
     usage: pytest [options] [file_or_dir] [file_or_dir] [...]
 
-    Positional arguments:
+    positional arguments:
       file_or_dir
 
-    General:
+    general:
       -k EXPRESSION         Only run tests which match the given substring
-                            expression. An expression is a python evaluatable
+                            expression. An expression is a Python evaluatable
                             expression where all names are substring-matched
                             against test names and their parent classes.
                             Example: -k 'test_method or test_other' matches all
@@ -1778,9 +1856,9 @@ All the command-line flags can be obtained by running ``pytest --help``::
                             'extra_keyword_matches' set, as well as functions
                             which have names assigned directly to them. The
                             matching is case-insensitive.
-      -m MARKEXPR           Only run tests matching given mark expression.
-                            For example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'.
-      --markers             Show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones)
+      -m MARKEXPR           Only run tests matching given mark expression. For
+                            example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'.
+      --markers             show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones).
       -x, --exitfirst       Exit instantly on first error or failed test
       --fixtures, --funcargs
                             Show available fixtures, sorted by plugin appearance
@@ -1790,18 +1868,18 @@ All the command-line flags can be obtained by running ``pytest --help``::
                             KeyboardInterrupt
       --pdbcls=modulename:classname
                             Specify a custom interactive Python debugger for use
-                            with --pdb. For example:
+                            with --pdb.For example:
                             --pdbcls=IPython.terminal.debugger:TerminalPdb
       --trace               Immediately break when running each test
-      --capture=method      Per-test capturing method: one of fd|sys|no|tee-sys.
-      -s                    Shortcut for --capture=no.
+      --capture=method      Per-test capturing method: one of fd|sys|no|tee-sys
+      -s                    Shortcut for --capture=no
       --runxfail            Report the results of xfail tests as if they were
                             not marked
       --lf, --last-failed   Rerun only the tests that failed at the last run (or
                             all if none failed)
-      --ff, --failed-first  Run all tests, but run the last failures first
-                            This may re-order tests and thus lead to repeated
-                            fixture setup/teardown
+      --ff, --failed-first  Run all tests, but run the last failures first. This
+                            may re-order tests and thus lead to repeated fixture
+                            setup/teardown.
       --nf, --new-first     Run tests from new files first, then the rest of the
                             tests sorted by file mtime
       --cache-show=[CACHESHOW]
@@ -1809,17 +1887,20 @@ All the command-line flags can be obtained by running ``pytest --help``::
                             tests. Optional argument: glob (default: '*').
       --cache-clear         Remove all cache contents at start of test run
       --lfnf={all,none}, --last-failed-no-failures={all,none}
-                            Which tests to run with no previously (known)
-                            failures
+                            With ``--lf``, determines whether to execute tests
+                            when there are no previously (known) failures or
+                            when no cached ``lastfailed`` data was found.
+                            ``all`` (the default) runs the full test suite
+                            again. ``none`` just emits a message about no known
+                            failures and exits successfully.
       --sw, --stepwise      Exit on test failure and continue from last failing
                             test next time
       --sw-skip, --stepwise-skip
                             Ignore the first failing test but stop on the next
-                            failing test.
-                            implicitly enables --stepwise.
+                            failing test. Implicitly enables --stepwise.
 
     Reporting:
-      --durations=N         show N slowest setup/test durations (N=0 for all)
+      --durations=N         Show N slowest setup/test durations (N=0 for all)
       --durations-min=N     Minimal duration in seconds for inclusion in slowest
                             list. Default: 0.005.
       -v, --verbose         Increase verbosity
@@ -1836,8 +1917,10 @@ All the command-line flags can be obtained by running ``pytest --help``::
       --disable-warnings, --disable-pytest-warnings
                             Disable warnings summary
       -l, --showlocals      Show locals in tracebacks (disabled by default)
+      --no-showlocals       Hide locals in tracebacks (negate --showlocals
+                            passed through addopts)
       --tb=style            Traceback print mode
-                            (auto/long/short/line/native/no).
+                            (auto/long/short/line/native/no)
       --show-capture={no,stdout,stderr,log,all}
                             Controls how captured stdout/stderr/log is shown on
                             failed tests. Default: all.
@@ -1860,18 +1943,18 @@ All the command-line flags can be obtained by running ``pytest --help``::
       --strict-markers      Markers not registered in the `markers` section of
                             the configuration file raise errors
       --strict              (Deprecated) alias to --strict-markers
-      -c file               Load configuration from `file` instead of trying to
-                            locate one of the implicit configuration files
+      -c FILE, --config-file=FILE
+                            Load configuration from `FILE` instead of trying to
+                            locate one of the implicit configuration files.
       --continue-on-collection-errors
-                            Force test execution even if collection errors
-                            occur
+                            Force test execution even if collection errors occur
       --rootdir=ROOTDIR     Define root directory for tests. Can be relative
                             path: 'root_dir', './root_dir',
                             'root_dir/another_dir/'; absolute path:
                             '/home/user/root_dir'; path with variables:
                             '$HOME/root_dir'.
 
-    Collection:
+    collection:
       --collect-only, --co  Only collect tests, don't execute them
       --pyargs              Try to interpret all arguments as Python packages
       --ignore=path         Ignore path during collection (multi-allowed)
@@ -1899,27 +1982,24 @@ All the command-line flags can be obtained by running ``pytest --help``::
                             For a given doctest, continue to run after the first
                             failure
 
-    Test session debugging and configuration:
-      --basetemp=dir        Base temporary directory for this test run. (Warning:
-                            this directory is removed if it exists.)
+    test session debugging and configuration:
+      --basetemp=dir        Base temporary directory for this test run.
+                            (Warning: this directory is removed if it exists.)
       -V, --version         Display pytest version and information about
                             plugins. When given twice, also display information
                             about plugins.
       -h, --help            Show help message and configuration info
       -p name               Early-load given plugin module name or entry point
-                            (multi-allowed)
-                            To avoid loading of plugins, use the `no:` prefix,
-                            e.g. `no:doctest`
+                            (multi-allowed). To avoid loading of plugins, use
+                            the `no:` prefix, e.g. `no:doctest`.
       --trace-config        Trace considerations of conftest.py files
       --debug=[DEBUG_FILE_NAME]
                             Store internal tracing debug information in this log
-                            file.
-                            This file is opened with 'w' and truncated as a
-                            result, care advised.
-                            Default: pytestdebug.log.
+                            file. This file is opened with 'w' and truncated as
+                            a result, care advised. Default: pytestdebug.log.
       -o OVERRIDE_INI, --override-ini=OVERRIDE_INI
                             Override ini option with "option=value" style, e.g.
-                            `-o xfail_strict=True -o cache_dir=cache`
+                            `-o xfail_strict=True -o cache_dir=cache`.
       --assert=MODE         Control assertion debugging tools.
                             'plain' performs no assertion debugging.
                             'rewrite' (the default) rewrites assert statements
@@ -1930,11 +2010,11 @@ All the command-line flags can be obtained by running ``pytest --help``::
       --setup-plan          Show what fixtures and tests would be executed but
                             don't execute anything
 
-    Logging:
-      --log-level=LEVEL     Level of messages to catch/display.
-                            Not set by default, so it depends on the root/parent
-                            log handler's effective level, where it is "WARNING"
-                            by default.
+    logging:
+      --log-level=LEVEL     Level of messages to catch/display. Not set by
+                            default, so it depends on the root/parent log
+                            handler's effective level, where it is "WARNING" by
+                            default.
       --log-format=LOG_FORMAT
                             Log format used by the logging module
       --log-date-format=LOG_DATE_FORMAT
@@ -1955,15 +2035,18 @@ All the command-line flags can be obtained by running ``pytest --help``::
       --log-auto-indent=LOG_AUTO_INDENT
                             Auto-indent multiline messages passed to the logging
                             module. Accepts true|on, false|off or an integer.
+      --log-disable=LOGGER_DISABLE
+                            Disable a logger by name. Can be passed multiple
+                            times.
 
-    [pytest] ini-options in the first pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg file found:
+    [pytest] ini-options in the first pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg|pyproject.toml file found:
 
       markers (linelist):   Markers for test functions
       empty_parameter_set_mark (string):
                             Default marker for empty parametersets
       norecursedirs (args): Directory patterns to avoid for recursion
       testpaths (args):     Directories to search for tests when no files or
-                            directories are given in the command line
+                            directories are given on the command line
       filterwarnings (linelist):
                             Each line specifies a pattern for
                             warnings.filterwarnings. Processed after
@@ -1984,9 +2067,18 @@ All the command-line flags can be obtained by running ``pytest --help``::
       console_output_style (string):
                             Console output: "classic", or with additional
                             progress information ("progress" (percentage) |
-                            "count")
+                            "count" | "progress-even-when-capture-no" (forces
+                            progress even when capture=no)
       xfail_strict (bool):  Default for the strict parameter of xfail markers
                             when not given explicitly (default: False)
+      tmp_path_retention_count (string):
+                            How many sessions should we keep the `tmp_path`
+                            directories, according to
+                            `tmp_path_retention_policy`.
+      tmp_path_retention_policy (string):
+                            Controls which directories created by the `tmp_path`
+                            fixture are kept around, based on test outcome.
+                            (all/failed/none)
       enable_assertion_pass_hook (bool):
                             Enables the pytest_assertion_pass hook. Make sure to
                             delete any previously generated pyc cache files.

doc/en/requirements.txt

@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 pallets-sphinx-themes
 pluggy>=1.0
-pygments-pytest>=2.2.0
+pygments-pytest>=2.3.0
 sphinx-removed-in>=0.2.0
 sphinx>=5,<6
 sphinxcontrib-trio
 sphinxcontrib-svg2pdfconverter
+# Pin packaging because it no longer handles 'latest' version, which
+# is the version that is assigned to the docs.
+# See https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/pull/10578#issuecomment-1348249045.
+packaging <22

pyproject.toml

@@ -114,3 +114,8 @@ template = "changelog/_template.rst"
 
 [tool.black]
 target-version = ['py37']
+
+# check-wheel-contents is executed by the build-and-inspect-python-package action.
+[tool.check-wheel-contents]
+# W009: Wheel contains multiple toplevel library entries
+ignore = "W009"

scripts/towncrier-draft-to-file.py

@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ def main():
     Platform agnostic wrapper script for towncrier.
     Fixes the issue (#7251) where windows users are unable to natively run tox -e docs to build pytest docs.
     """
-    with open("doc/en/_changelog_towncrier_draft.rst", "w") as draft_file:
+    with open(
+        "doc/en/_changelog_towncrier_draft.rst", "w", encoding="utf-8"
+    ) as draft_file:
         return call(("towncrier", "--draft"), stdout=draft_file)
 
 

scripts/update-plugin-list.py

@@ -13,11 +13,25 @@ from tqdm import tqdm
 FILE_HEAD = r"""
 .. _plugin-list:
 
-Plugin List
-===========
+Pytest Plugin List
+==================
+
+Below is an automated compilation of ``pytest``` plugins available on `PyPI <https://pypi.org>`_.
+It includes PyPI projects whose names begin with "pytest-" and a handful of manually selected projects.
+Packages classified as inactive are excluded.
+
+For detailed insights into how this list is generated,
+please refer to `the update script <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/blob/main/scripts/update-plugin-list.py>`_.
+
+.. warning::
+
+   Please be aware that this list is not a curated collection of projects
+   and does not undergo a systematic review process.
+   It serves purely as an informational resource to aid in the discovery of ``pytest`` plugins.
+
+   Do not presume any endorsement from the ``pytest`` project or its developers,
+   and always conduct your own quality assessment before incorporating any of these plugins into your own projects.
 
-PyPI projects that match "pytest-\*" are considered plugins and are listed
-automatically. Packages classified as inactive are excluded.
 
 .. The following conditional uses a different format for this list when
    creating a PDF, because otherwise the table gets far too wide for the
@@ -33,6 +47,9 @@ DEVELOPMENT_STATUS_CLASSIFIERS = (
     "Development Status :: 6 - Mature",
     "Development Status :: 7 - Inactive",
 )
+ADDITIONAL_PROJECTS = {  # set of additional projects to consider as plugins
+    "logassert",
+}
 
 
 def escape_rst(text: str) -> str:
@@ -52,18 +69,18 @@ def iter_plugins():
     regex = r">([\d\w-]*)</a>"
     response = requests.get("https://pypi.org/simple")
 
-    matches = list(
-        match
-        for match in re.finditer(regex, response.text)
-        if match.groups()[0].startswith("pytest-")
-    )
+    match_names = (match.groups()[0] for match in re.finditer(regex, response.text))
+    plugin_names = [
+        name
+        for name in match_names
+        if name.startswith("pytest-") or name in ADDITIONAL_PROJECTS
+    ]
 
-    for match in tqdm(matches, smoothing=0):
-        name = match.groups()[0]
+    for name in tqdm(plugin_names, smoothing=0):
         response = requests.get(f"https://pypi.org/pypi/{name}/json")
         if response.status_code == 404:
-            # Some packages, like pytest-azurepipelines42, are included in https://pypi.org/simple but
-            # return 404 on the JSON API. Skip.
+            # Some packages, like pytest-azurepipelines42, are included in https://pypi.org/simple
+            # but return 404 on the JSON API. Skip.
             continue
         response.raise_for_status()
         info = response.json()["info"]
@@ -78,11 +95,23 @@ def iter_plugins():
         requires = "N/A"
         if info["requires_dist"]:
             for requirement in info["requires_dist"]:
-                if requirement == "pytest" or "pytest " in requirement:
+                if re.match(r"pytest(?![-.\w])", requirement):
                     requires = requirement
                     break
+
+        def version_sort_key(version_string):
+            """
+            Return the sort key for the given version string
+            returned by the API.
+            """
+            try:
+                return packaging.version.parse(version_string)
+            except packaging.version.InvalidVersion:
+                # Use a hard-coded pre-release version.
+                return packaging.version.Version("0.0.0alpha")
+
         releases = response.json()["releases"]
-        for release in sorted(releases, key=packaging.version.parse, reverse=True):
+        for release in sorted(releases, key=version_sort_key, reverse=True):
             if releases[release]:
                 release_date = datetime.date.fromisoformat(
                     releases[release][-1]["upload_time_iso_8601"].split("T")[0]
@@ -90,7 +119,9 @@ def iter_plugins():
                 last_release = release_date.strftime("%b %d, %Y")
                 break
         name = f':pypi:`{info["name"]}`'
-        summary = escape_rst(info["summary"].replace("\n", ""))
+        summary = ""
+        if info["summary"]:
+            summary = escape_rst(info["summary"].replace("\n", ""))
         yield {
             "name": name,
             "summary": summary.strip(),
@@ -122,7 +153,7 @@ def main():
     reference_dir = pathlib.Path("doc", "en", "reference")
 
     plugin_list = reference_dir / "plugin_list.rst"
-    with plugin_list.open("w") as f:
+    with plugin_list.open("w", encoding="UTF-8") as f:
         f.write(FILE_HEAD)
         f.write(f"This list contains {len(plugins)} plugins.\n\n")
         f.write(".. only:: not latex\n\n")

setup.cfg

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ long_description_content_type = text/x-rst
 url = https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/
 author = Holger Krekel, Bruno Oliveira, Ronny Pfannschmidt, Floris Bruynooghe, Brianna Laugher, Florian Bruhin and others
 license = MIT
-license_file = LICENSE
+license_files = LICENSE
 platforms = unix, linux, osx, cygwin, win32
 classifiers =
     Development Status :: 6 - Mature
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ classifiers =
     Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
     Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
     Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11
+    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12
     Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries
     Topic :: Software Development :: Testing
     Topic :: Utilities
@@ -43,7 +45,6 @@ packages =
     pytest
 py_modules = py
 install_requires =
-    attrs>=19.2.0
     iniconfig
     packaging
     pluggy>=0.12,<2.0
@@ -67,11 +68,13 @@ console_scripts =
 [options.extras_require]
 testing =
     argcomplete
+    attrs>=19.2.0
     hypothesis>=3.56
     mock
     nose
     pygments>=2.7.2
     requests
+    setuptools
     xmlschema
 
 [options.package_data]
@@ -95,7 +98,6 @@ mypy_path = src
 check_untyped_defs = True
 disallow_any_generics = True
 ignore_missing_imports = True
-no_implicit_optional = True
 show_error_codes = True
 strict_equality = True
 warn_redundant_casts = True

src/_pytest/_argcomplete.py

@@ -78,15 +78,15 @@ class FastFilesCompleter:
 
     def __call__(self, prefix: str, **kwargs: Any) -> List[str]:
         # Only called on non option completions.
-        if os.path.sep in prefix[1:]:
-            prefix_dir = len(os.path.dirname(prefix) + os.path.sep)
+        if os.sep in prefix[1:]:
+            prefix_dir = len(os.path.dirname(prefix) + os.sep)
         else:
             prefix_dir = 0
         completion = []
         globbed = []
         if "*" not in prefix and "?" not in prefix:
             # We are on unix, otherwise no bash.
-            if not prefix or prefix[-1] == os.path.sep:
+            if not prefix or prefix[-1] == os.sep:
                 globbed.extend(glob(prefix + ".*"))
             prefix += "*"
         globbed.extend(glob(prefix))

src/_pytest/_code/code.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import ast
+import dataclasses
 import inspect
 import os
 import re
@@ -30,9 +31,7 @@ from typing import Type
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import TypeVar
 from typing import Union
-from weakref import ref
 
-import attr
 import pluggy
 
 import _pytest
@@ -50,9 +49,9 @@ from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
 from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing_extensions import Final
     from typing_extensions import Literal
     from typing_extensions import SupportsIndex
-    from weakref import ReferenceType
 
     _TracebackStyle = Literal["long", "short", "line", "no", "native", "value", "auto"]
 
@@ -194,25 +193,25 @@ class Frame:
 class TracebackEntry:
     """A single entry in a Traceback."""
 
-    __slots__ = ("_rawentry", "_excinfo", "_repr_style")
+    __slots__ = ("_rawentry", "_repr_style")
 
     def __init__(
         self,
         rawentry: TracebackType,
-        excinfo: Optional["ReferenceType[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]]"] = None,
+        repr_style: Optional['Literal["short", "long"]'] = None,
     ) -> None:
-        self._rawentry = rawentry
-        self._excinfo = excinfo
-        self._repr_style: Optional['Literal["short", "long"]'] = None
+        self._rawentry: "Final" = rawentry
+        self._repr_style: "Final" = repr_style
+
+    def with_repr_style(
+        self, repr_style: Optional['Literal["short", "long"]']
+    ) -> "TracebackEntry":
+        return TracebackEntry(self._rawentry, repr_style)
 
     @property
     def lineno(self) -> int:
         return self._rawentry.tb_lineno - 1
 
-    def set_repr_style(self, mode: "Literal['short', 'long']") -> None:
-        assert mode in ("short", "long")
-        self._repr_style = mode
-
     @property
     def frame(self) -> Frame:
         return Frame(self._rawentry.tb_frame)
@@ -272,7 +271,7 @@ class TracebackEntry:
 
     source = property(getsource)
 
-    def ishidden(self) -> bool:
+    def ishidden(self, excinfo: Optional["ExceptionInfo[BaseException]"]) -> bool:
         """Return True if the current frame has a var __tracebackhide__
         resolving to True.
 
@@ -296,7 +295,7 @@ class TracebackEntry:
             else:
                 break
         if tbh and callable(tbh):
-            return tbh(None if self._excinfo is None else self._excinfo())
+            return tbh(excinfo)
         return tbh
 
     def __str__(self) -> str:
@@ -329,16 +328,14 @@ class Traceback(List[TracebackEntry]):
     def __init__(
         self,
         tb: Union[TracebackType, Iterable[TracebackEntry]],
-        excinfo: Optional["ReferenceType[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]]"] = None,
     ) -> None:
         """Initialize from given python traceback object and ExceptionInfo."""
-        self._excinfo = excinfo
         if isinstance(tb, TracebackType):
 
             def f(cur: TracebackType) -> Iterable[TracebackEntry]:
                 cur_: Optional[TracebackType] = cur
                 while cur_ is not None:
-                    yield TracebackEntry(cur_, excinfo=excinfo)
+                    yield TracebackEntry(cur_)
                     cur_ = cur_.tb_next
 
             super().__init__(f(tb))
@@ -378,7 +375,7 @@ class Traceback(List[TracebackEntry]):
                 continue
             if firstlineno is not None and x.frame.code.firstlineno != firstlineno:
                 continue
-            return Traceback(x._rawentry, self._excinfo)
+            return Traceback(x._rawentry)
         return self
 
     @overload
@@ -398,26 +395,27 @@ class Traceback(List[TracebackEntry]):
             return super().__getitem__(key)
 
     def filter(
-        self, fn: Callable[[TracebackEntry], bool] = lambda x: not x.ishidden()
+        self,
+        # TODO(py38): change to positional only.
+        _excinfo_or_fn: Union[
+            "ExceptionInfo[BaseException]",
+            Callable[[TracebackEntry], bool],
+        ],
     ) -> "Traceback":
-        """Return a Traceback instance with certain items removed
+        """Return a Traceback instance with certain items removed.
 
-        fn is a function that gets a single argument, a TracebackEntry
-        instance, and should return True when the item should be added
-        to the Traceback, False when not.
+        If the filter is an `ExceptionInfo`, removes all the ``TracebackEntry``s
+        which are hidden (see ishidden() above).
 
-        By default this removes all the TracebackEntries which are hidden
-        (see ishidden() above).
+        Otherwise, the filter is a function that gets a single argument, a
+        ``TracebackEntry`` instance, and should return True when the item should
+        be added to the ``Traceback``, False when not.
         """
-        return Traceback(filter(fn, self), self._excinfo)
-
-    def getcrashentry(self) -> TracebackEntry:
-        """Return last non-hidden traceback entry that lead to the exception of a traceback."""
-        for i in range(-1, -len(self) - 1, -1):
-            entry = self[i]
-            if not entry.ishidden():
-                return entry
-        return self[-1]
+        if isinstance(_excinfo_or_fn, ExceptionInfo):
+            fn = lambda x: not x.ishidden(_excinfo_or_fn)  # noqa: E731
+        else:
+            fn = _excinfo_or_fn
+        return Traceback(filter(fn, self))
 
     def recursionindex(self) -> Optional[int]:
         """Return the index of the frame/TracebackEntry where recursion originates if
@@ -445,7 +443,7 @@ E = TypeVar("E", bound=BaseException, covariant=True)
 
 
 @final
-@attr.s(repr=False, init=False, auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass
 class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
     """Wraps sys.exc_info() objects and offers help for navigating the traceback."""
 
@@ -469,22 +467,41 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
         self._traceback = traceback
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_exc_info(
+    def from_exception(
         cls,
-        exc_info: Tuple[Type[E], E, TracebackType],
+        # Ignoring error: "Cannot use a covariant type variable as a parameter".
+        # This is OK to ignore because this class is (conceptually) readonly.
+        # See https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/7049.
+        exception: E,  # type: ignore[misc]
         exprinfo: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> "ExceptionInfo[E]":
-        """Return an ExceptionInfo for an existing exc_info tuple.
+        """Return an ExceptionInfo for an existing exception.
 
-        .. warning::
-
-            Experimental API
+        The exception must have a non-``None`` ``__traceback__`` attribute,
+        otherwise this function fails with an assertion error. This means that
+        the exception must have been raised, or added a traceback with the
+        :py:meth:`~BaseException.with_traceback()` method.
 
         :param exprinfo:
             A text string helping to determine if we should strip
             ``AssertionError`` from the output. Defaults to the exception
             message/``__str__()``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 7.4
         """
+        assert (
+            exception.__traceback__
+        ), "Exceptions passed to ExcInfo.from_exception(...) must have a non-None __traceback__."
+        exc_info = (type(exception), exception, exception.__traceback__)
+        return cls.from_exc_info(exc_info, exprinfo)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_exc_info(
+        cls,
+        exc_info: Tuple[Type[E], E, TracebackType],
+        exprinfo: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> "ExceptionInfo[E]":
+        """Like :func:`from_exception`, but using old-style exc_info tuple."""
         _striptext = ""
         if exprinfo is None and isinstance(exc_info[1], AssertionError):
             exprinfo = getattr(exc_info[1], "msg", None)
@@ -563,7 +580,7 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
     def traceback(self) -> Traceback:
         """The traceback."""
         if self._traceback is None:
-            self._traceback = Traceback(self.tb, excinfo=ref(self))
+            self._traceback = Traceback(self.tb)
         return self._traceback
 
     @traceback.setter
@@ -602,18 +619,25 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
         """
         return isinstance(self.value, exc)
 
-    def _getreprcrash(self) -> "ReprFileLocation":
-        exconly = self.exconly(tryshort=True)
-        entry = self.traceback.getcrashentry()
-        path, lineno = entry.frame.code.raw.co_filename, entry.lineno
-        return ReprFileLocation(path, lineno + 1, exconly)
+    def _getreprcrash(self) -> Optional["ReprFileLocation"]:
+        # Find last non-hidden traceback entry that led to the exception of the
+        # traceback, or None if all hidden.
+        for i in range(-1, -len(self.traceback) - 1, -1):
+            entry = self.traceback[i]
+            if not entry.ishidden(self):
+                path, lineno = entry.frame.code.raw.co_filename, entry.lineno
+                exconly = self.exconly(tryshort=True)
+                return ReprFileLocation(path, lineno + 1, exconly)
+        return None
 
     def getrepr(
         self,
         showlocals: bool = False,
         style: "_TracebackStyle" = "long",
         abspath: bool = False,
-        tbfilter: bool = True,
+        tbfilter: Union[
+            bool, Callable[["ExceptionInfo[BaseException]"], Traceback]
+        ] = True,
         funcargs: bool = False,
         truncate_locals: bool = True,
         chain: bool = True,
@@ -625,14 +649,20 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
             Ignored if ``style=="native"``.
 
         :param str style:
-            long|short|no|native|value traceback style.
+            long|short|line|no|native|value traceback style.
 
         :param bool abspath:
             If paths should be changed to absolute or left unchanged.
 
-        :param bool tbfilter:
-            Hide entries that contain a local variable ``__tracebackhide__==True``.
-            Ignored if ``style=="native"``.
+        :param tbfilter:
+            A filter for traceback entries.
+
+            * If false, don't hide any entries.
+            * If true, hide internal entries and entries that contain a local
+              variable ``__tracebackhide__ = True``.
+            * If a callable, delegates the filtering to the callable.
+
+            Ignored if ``style`` is ``"native"``.
 
         :param bool funcargs:
             Show fixtures ("funcargs" for legacy purposes) per traceback entry.
@@ -649,12 +679,14 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
         """
         if style == "native":
             return ReprExceptionInfo(
-                ReprTracebackNative(
+                reprtraceback=ReprTracebackNative(
                     traceback.format_exception(
-                        self.type, self.value, self.traceback[0]._rawentry
+                        self.type,
+                        self.value,
+                        self.traceback[0]._rawentry if self.traceback else None,
                     )
                 ),
-                self._getreprcrash(),
+                reprcrash=self._getreprcrash(),
             )
 
         fmt = FormattedExcinfo(
@@ -684,7 +716,7 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
         return True
 
 
-@attr.s(auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass
 class FormattedExcinfo:
     """Presenting information about failing Functions and Generators."""
 
@@ -695,12 +727,12 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
     showlocals: bool = False
     style: "_TracebackStyle" = "long"
     abspath: bool = True
-    tbfilter: bool = True
+    tbfilter: Union[bool, Callable[[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]], Traceback]] = True
     funcargs: bool = False
     truncate_locals: bool = True
     chain: bool = True
-    astcache: Dict[Union[str, Path], ast.AST] = attr.ib(
-        factory=dict, init=False, repr=False
+    astcache: Dict[Union[str, Path], ast.AST] = dataclasses.field(
+        default_factory=dict, init=False, repr=False
     )
 
     def _getindent(self, source: "Source") -> int:
@@ -741,11 +773,13 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
     ) -> List[str]:
         """Return formatted and marked up source lines."""
         lines = []
-        if source is None or line_index >= len(source.lines):
+        if source is not None and line_index < 0:
+            line_index += len(source)
+        if source is None or line_index >= len(source.lines) or line_index < 0:
+            # `line_index` could still be outside `range(len(source.lines))` if
+            # we're processing AST with pathological position attributes.
             source = Source("???")
             line_index = 0
-        if line_index < 0:
-            line_index += len(source)
         space_prefix = "    "
         if short:
             lines.append(space_prefix + source.lines[line_index].strip())
@@ -805,12 +839,16 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
 
     def repr_traceback_entry(
         self,
-        entry: TracebackEntry,
+        entry: Optional[TracebackEntry],
         excinfo: Optional[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]] = None,
     ) -> "ReprEntry":
         lines: List[str] = []
-        style = entry._repr_style if entry._repr_style is not None else self.style
-        if style in ("short", "long"):
+        style = (
+            entry._repr_style
+            if entry is not None and entry._repr_style is not None
+            else self.style
+        )
+        if style in ("short", "long") and entry is not None:
             source = self._getentrysource(entry)
             if source is None:
                 source = Source("???")
@@ -851,25 +889,31 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
 
     def repr_traceback(self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]) -> "ReprTraceback":
         traceback = excinfo.traceback
-        if self.tbfilter:
-            traceback = traceback.filter()
+        if callable(self.tbfilter):
+            traceback = self.tbfilter(excinfo)
+        elif self.tbfilter:
+            traceback = traceback.filter(excinfo)
 
         if isinstance(excinfo.value, RecursionError):
             traceback, extraline = self._truncate_recursive_traceback(traceback)
         else:
             extraline = None
 
+        if not traceback:
+            if extraline is None:
+                extraline = "All traceback entries are hidden. Pass `--full-trace` to see hidden and internal frames."
+            entries = [self.repr_traceback_entry(None, excinfo)]
+            return ReprTraceback(entries, extraline, style=self.style)
+
         last = traceback[-1]
-        entries = []
         if self.style == "value":
-            reprentry = self.repr_traceback_entry(last, excinfo)
-            entries.append(reprentry)
+            entries = [self.repr_traceback_entry(last, excinfo)]
             return ReprTraceback(entries, None, style=self.style)
 
-        for index, entry in enumerate(traceback):
-            einfo = (last == entry) and excinfo or None
-            reprentry = self.repr_traceback_entry(entry, einfo)
-            entries.append(reprentry)
+        entries = [
+            self.repr_traceback_entry(entry, excinfo if last == entry else None)
+            for entry in traceback
+        ]
         return ReprTraceback(entries, extraline, style=self.style)
 
     def _truncate_recursive_traceback(
@@ -926,6 +970,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
         seen: Set[int] = set()
         while e is not None and id(e) not in seen:
             seen.add(id(e))
+
             if excinfo_:
                 # Fall back to native traceback as a temporary workaround until
                 # full support for exception groups added to ExceptionInfo.
@@ -942,9 +987,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
                     )
                 else:
                     reprtraceback = self.repr_traceback(excinfo_)
-                reprcrash: Optional[ReprFileLocation] = (
-                    excinfo_._getreprcrash() if self.style != "value" else None
-                )
+                reprcrash = excinfo_._getreprcrash()
             else:
                 # Fallback to native repr if the exception doesn't have a traceback:
                 # ExceptionInfo objects require a full traceback to work.
@@ -952,25 +995,17 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
                     traceback.format_exception(type(e), e, None)
                 )
                 reprcrash = None
-
             repr_chain += [(reprtraceback, reprcrash, descr)]
+
             if e.__cause__ is not None and self.chain:
                 e = e.__cause__
-                excinfo_ = (
-                    ExceptionInfo.from_exc_info((type(e), e, e.__traceback__))
-                    if e.__traceback__
-                    else None
-                )
+                excinfo_ = ExceptionInfo.from_exception(e) if e.__traceback__ else None
                 descr = "The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:"
             elif (
                 e.__context__ is not None and not e.__suppress_context__ and self.chain
             ):
                 e = e.__context__
-                excinfo_ = (
-                    ExceptionInfo.from_exc_info((type(e), e, e.__traceback__))
-                    if e.__traceback__
-                    else None
-                )
+                excinfo_ = ExceptionInfo.from_exception(e) if e.__traceback__ else None
                 descr = "During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:"
             else:
                 e = None
@@ -978,7 +1013,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
         return ExceptionChainRepr(repr_chain)
 
 
-@attr.s(eq=False, auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class TerminalRepr:
     def __str__(self) -> str:
         # FYI this is called from pytest-xdist's serialization of exception
@@ -996,14 +1031,14 @@ class TerminalRepr:
 
 
 # This class is abstract -- only subclasses are instantiated.
-@attr.s(eq=False)
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ExceptionRepr(TerminalRepr):
     # Provided by subclasses.
-    reprcrash: Optional["ReprFileLocation"]
     reprtraceback: "ReprTraceback"
-
-    def __attrs_post_init__(self) -> None:
-        self.sections: List[Tuple[str, str, str]] = []
+    reprcrash: Optional["ReprFileLocation"]
+    sections: List[Tuple[str, str, str]] = dataclasses.field(
+        init=False, default_factory=list
+    )
 
     def addsection(self, name: str, content: str, sep: str = "-") -> None:
         self.sections.append((name, content, sep))
@@ -1014,16 +1049,23 @@ class ExceptionRepr(TerminalRepr):
             tw.line(content)
 
 
-@attr.s(eq=False, auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ExceptionChainRepr(ExceptionRepr):
     chain: Sequence[Tuple["ReprTraceback", Optional["ReprFileLocation"], Optional[str]]]
 
-    def __attrs_post_init__(self) -> None:
-        super().__attrs_post_init__()
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        chain: Sequence[
+            Tuple["ReprTraceback", Optional["ReprFileLocation"], Optional[str]]
+        ],
+    ) -> None:
         # reprcrash and reprtraceback of the outermost (the newest) exception
         # in the chain.
-        self.reprtraceback = self.chain[-1][0]
-        self.reprcrash = self.chain[-1][1]
+        super().__init__(
+            reprtraceback=chain[-1][0],
+            reprcrash=chain[-1][1],
+        )
+        self.chain = chain
 
     def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
         for element in self.chain:
@@ -1034,17 +1076,17 @@ class ExceptionChainRepr(ExceptionRepr):
         super().toterminal(tw)
 
 
-@attr.s(eq=False, auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ReprExceptionInfo(ExceptionRepr):
     reprtraceback: "ReprTraceback"
-    reprcrash: "ReprFileLocation"
+    reprcrash: Optional["ReprFileLocation"]
 
     def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
         self.reprtraceback.toterminal(tw)
         super().toterminal(tw)
 
 
-@attr.s(eq=False, auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ReprTraceback(TerminalRepr):
     reprentries: Sequence[Union["ReprEntry", "ReprEntryNative"]]
     extraline: Optional[str]
@@ -1073,12 +1115,12 @@ class ReprTraceback(TerminalRepr):
 
 class ReprTracebackNative(ReprTraceback):
     def __init__(self, tblines: Sequence[str]) -> None:
-        self.style = "native"
         self.reprentries = [ReprEntryNative(tblines)]
         self.extraline = None
+        self.style = "native"
 
 
-@attr.s(eq=False, auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ReprEntryNative(TerminalRepr):
     lines: Sequence[str]
 
@@ -1088,7 +1130,7 @@ class ReprEntryNative(TerminalRepr):
         tw.write("".join(self.lines))
 
 
-@attr.s(eq=False, auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ReprEntry(TerminalRepr):
     lines: Sequence[str]
     reprfuncargs: Optional["ReprFuncArgs"]
@@ -1142,8 +1184,8 @@ class ReprEntry(TerminalRepr):
 
     def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
         if self.style == "short":
-            assert self.reprfileloc is not None
-            self.reprfileloc.toterminal(tw)
+            if self.reprfileloc:
+                self.reprfileloc.toterminal(tw)
             self._write_entry_lines(tw)
             if self.reprlocals:
                 self.reprlocals.toterminal(tw, indent=" " * 8)
@@ -1168,12 +1210,15 @@ class ReprEntry(TerminalRepr):
         )
 
 
-@attr.s(eq=False, auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ReprFileLocation(TerminalRepr):
-    path: str = attr.ib(converter=str)
+    path: str
     lineno: int
     message: str
 
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        self.path = str(self.path)
+
     def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
         # Filename and lineno output for each entry, using an output format
         # that most editors understand.
@@ -1185,7 +1230,7 @@ class ReprFileLocation(TerminalRepr):
         tw.line(f":{self.lineno}: {msg}")
 
 
-@attr.s(eq=False, auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ReprLocals(TerminalRepr):
     lines: Sequence[str]
 
@@ -1194,7 +1239,7 @@ class ReprLocals(TerminalRepr):
             tw.line(indent + line)
 
 
-@attr.s(eq=False, auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
 class ReprFuncArgs(TerminalRepr):
     args: Sequence[Tuple[str, object]]
 

src/_pytest/_py/path.py

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ from stat import S_ISLNK
 from stat import S_ISREG
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
+from typing import cast
 from typing import overload
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ class Visitor:
         self.fil = fil
         self.ignore = ignore
         self.breadthfirst = bf
-        self.optsort = sort and sorted or (lambda x: x)
+        self.optsort = cast(Callable[[Any], Any], sorted) if sort else (lambda x: x)
 
     def gen(self, path):
         try:
@@ -224,7 +225,7 @@ class Stat:
             raise NotImplementedError("XXX win32")
         import pwd
 
-        entry = error.checked_call(pwd.getpwuid, self.uid)
+        entry = error.checked_call(pwd.getpwuid, self.uid)  # type:ignore[attr-defined]
         return entry[0]
 
     @property
@@ -234,7 +235,7 @@ class Stat:
             raise NotImplementedError("XXX win32")
         import grp
 
-        entry = error.checked_call(grp.getgrgid, self.gid)
+        entry = error.checked_call(grp.getgrgid, self.gid)  # type:ignore[attr-defined]
         return entry[0]
 
     def isdir(self):
@@ -252,7 +253,7 @@ def getuserid(user):
     import pwd
 
     if not isinstance(user, int):
-        user = pwd.getpwnam(user)[2]
+        user = pwd.getpwnam(user)[2]  # type:ignore[attr-defined]
     return user
 
 
@@ -260,7 +261,7 @@ def getgroupid(group):
     import grp
 
     if not isinstance(group, int):
-        group = grp.getgrnam(group)[2]
+        group = grp.getgrnam(group)[2]  # type:ignore[attr-defined]
     return group
 
 
@@ -795,7 +796,7 @@ class LocalPath:
             kw = {"exists": 1}
         return Checkers(self)._evaluate(kw)
 
-    _patternchars = set("*?[" + os.path.sep)
+    _patternchars = set("*?[" + os.sep)
 
     def listdir(self, fil=None, sort=None):
         """List directory contents, possibly filter by the given fil func
@@ -952,7 +953,7 @@ class LocalPath:
         else:
             p.dirpath()._ensuredirs()
             if not p.check(file=1):
-                p.open("w").close()
+                p.open("wb").close()
             return p
 
     @overload
@@ -1127,7 +1128,7 @@ class LocalPath:
                 modfile = modfile[:-1]
             elif modfile.endswith("$py.class"):
                 modfile = modfile[:-9] + ".py"
-            if modfile.endswith(os.path.sep + "__init__.py"):
+            if modfile.endswith(os.sep + "__init__.py"):
                 if self.basename != "__init__.py":
                     modfile = modfile[:-12]
             try:

src/_pytest/assertion/rewrite.py

@@ -44,10 +44,20 @@ from _pytest.stash import StashKey
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from _pytest.assertion import AssertionState
 
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    namedExpr = ast.NamedExpr
+    astNameConstant = ast.Constant
+    astStr = ast.Constant
+    astNum = ast.Constant
+else:
+    namedExpr = ast.Expr
+    astNameConstant = ast.NameConstant
+    astStr = ast.Str
+    astNum = ast.Num
+
 
 assertstate_key = StashKey["AssertionState"]()
 
-
 # pytest caches rewritten pycs in pycache dirs
 PYTEST_TAG = f"{sys.implementation.cache_tag}-pytest-{version}"
 PYC_EXT = ".py" + (__debug__ and "c" or "o")
@@ -180,7 +190,7 @@ class AssertionRewritingHook(importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder, importlib.abc.Loader)
             for initial_path in self.session._initialpaths:
                 # Make something as c:/projects/my_project/path.py ->
                 #     ['c:', 'projects', 'my_project', 'path.py']
-                parts = str(initial_path).split(os.path.sep)
+                parts = str(initial_path).split(os.sep)
                 # add 'path' to basenames to be checked.
                 self._basenames_to_check_rewrite.add(os.path.splitext(parts[-1])[0])
 
@@ -274,8 +284,12 @@ class AssertionRewritingHook(importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder, importlib.abc.Loader)
             return f.read()
 
     if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
+            from importlib.resources.abc import TraversableResources
+        else:
+            from importlib.abc import TraversableResources
 
-        def get_resource_reader(self, name: str) -> importlib.abc.TraversableResources:  # type: ignore
+        def get_resource_reader(self, name: str) -> TraversableResources:  # type: ignore
             if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
                 from importlib.readers import FileReader
             else:
@@ -631,8 +645,12 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
        .push_format_context() and .pop_format_context() which allows
        to build another %-formatted string while already building one.
 
-    This state is reset on every new assert statement visited and used
-    by the other visitors.
+    :variables_overwrite: A dict filled with references to variables
+       that change value within an assert. This happens when a variable is
+       reassigned with the walrus operator
+
+    This state, except the variables_overwrite,  is reset on every new assert
+    statement visited and used by the other visitors.
     """
 
     def __init__(
@@ -648,6 +666,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         else:
             self.enable_assertion_pass_hook = False
         self.source = source
+        self.variables_overwrite: Dict[str, str] = {}
 
     def run(self, mod: ast.Module) -> None:
         """Find all assert statements in *mod* and rewrite them."""
@@ -662,14 +681,17 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         if doc is not None and self.is_rewrite_disabled(doc):
             return
         pos = 0
-        lineno = 1
+        item = None
         for item in mod.body:
             if (
                 expect_docstring
                 and isinstance(item, ast.Expr)
-                and isinstance(item.value, ast.Str)
+                and isinstance(item.value, astStr)
             ):
-                doc = item.value.s
+                if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+                    doc = item.value.value
+                else:
+                    doc = item.value.s
                 if self.is_rewrite_disabled(doc):
                     return
                 expect_docstring = False
@@ -801,7 +823,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         current = self.stack.pop()
         if self.stack:
             self.explanation_specifiers = self.stack[-1]
-        keys = [ast.Str(key) for key in current.keys()]
+        keys = [astStr(key) for key in current.keys()]
         format_dict = ast.Dict(keys, list(current.values()))
         form = ast.BinOp(expl_expr, ast.Mod(), format_dict)
         name = "@py_format" + str(next(self.variable_counter))
@@ -855,16 +877,16 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         negation = ast.UnaryOp(ast.Not(), top_condition)
 
         if self.enable_assertion_pass_hook:  # Experimental pytest_assertion_pass hook
-            msg = self.pop_format_context(ast.Str(explanation))
+            msg = self.pop_format_context(astStr(explanation))
 
             # Failed
             if assert_.msg:
                 assertmsg = self.helper("_format_assertmsg", assert_.msg)
                 gluestr = "\n>assert "
             else:
-                assertmsg = ast.Str("")
+                assertmsg = astStr("")
                 gluestr = "assert "
-            err_explanation = ast.BinOp(ast.Str(gluestr), ast.Add(), msg)
+            err_explanation = ast.BinOp(astStr(gluestr), ast.Add(), msg)
             err_msg = ast.BinOp(assertmsg, ast.Add(), err_explanation)
             err_name = ast.Name("AssertionError", ast.Load())
             fmt = self.helper("_format_explanation", err_msg)
@@ -880,8 +902,8 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
             hook_call_pass = ast.Expr(
                 self.helper(
                     "_call_assertion_pass",
-                    ast.Num(assert_.lineno),
-                    ast.Str(orig),
+                    astNum(assert_.lineno),
+                    astStr(orig),
                     fmt_pass,
                 )
             )
@@ -900,7 +922,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
                 variables = [
                     ast.Name(name, ast.Store()) for name in self.format_variables
                 ]
-                clear_format = ast.Assign(variables, ast.NameConstant(None))
+                clear_format = ast.Assign(variables, astNameConstant(None))
                 self.statements.append(clear_format)
 
         else:  # Original assertion rewriting
@@ -911,9 +933,9 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
                 assertmsg = self.helper("_format_assertmsg", assert_.msg)
                 explanation = "\n>assert " + explanation
             else:
-                assertmsg = ast.Str("")
+                assertmsg = astStr("")
                 explanation = "assert " + explanation
-            template = ast.BinOp(assertmsg, ast.Add(), ast.Str(explanation))
+            template = ast.BinOp(assertmsg, ast.Add(), astStr(explanation))
             msg = self.pop_format_context(template)
             fmt = self.helper("_format_explanation", msg)
             err_name = ast.Name("AssertionError", ast.Load())
@@ -925,7 +947,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         # Clear temporary variables by setting them to None.
         if self.variables:
             variables = [ast.Name(name, ast.Store()) for name in self.variables]
-            clear = ast.Assign(variables, ast.NameConstant(None))
+            clear = ast.Assign(variables, astNameConstant(None))
             self.statements.append(clear)
         # Fix locations (line numbers/column offsets).
         for stmt in self.statements:
@@ -933,14 +955,26 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
                 ast.copy_location(node, assert_)
         return self.statements
 
+    def visit_NamedExpr(self, name: namedExpr) -> Tuple[namedExpr, str]:
+        # This method handles the 'walrus operator' repr of the target
+        # name if it's a local variable or _should_repr_global_name()
+        # thinks it's acceptable.
+        locs = ast.Call(self.builtin("locals"), [], [])
+        target_id = name.target.id  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        inlocs = ast.Compare(astStr(target_id), [ast.In()], [locs])
+        dorepr = self.helper("_should_repr_global_name", name)
+        test = ast.BoolOp(ast.Or(), [inlocs, dorepr])
+        expr = ast.IfExp(test, self.display(name), astStr(target_id))
+        return name, self.explanation_param(expr)
+
     def visit_Name(self, name: ast.Name) -> Tuple[ast.Name, str]:
         # Display the repr of the name if it's a local variable or
         # _should_repr_global_name() thinks it's acceptable.
         locs = ast.Call(self.builtin("locals"), [], [])
-        inlocs = ast.Compare(ast.Str(name.id), [ast.In()], [locs])
+        inlocs = ast.Compare(astStr(name.id), [ast.In()], [locs])
         dorepr = self.helper("_should_repr_global_name", name)
         test = ast.BoolOp(ast.Or(), [inlocs, dorepr])
-        expr = ast.IfExp(test, self.display(name), ast.Str(name.id))
+        expr = ast.IfExp(test, self.display(name), astStr(name.id))
         return name, self.explanation_param(expr)
 
     def visit_BoolOp(self, boolop: ast.BoolOp) -> Tuple[ast.Name, str]:
@@ -959,10 +993,26 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
                 # cond is set in a prior loop iteration below
                 self.expl_stmts.append(ast.If(cond, fail_inner, []))  # noqa
                 self.expl_stmts = fail_inner
+                # Check if the left operand is a namedExpr and the value has already been visited
+                if (
+                    isinstance(v, ast.Compare)
+                    and isinstance(v.left, namedExpr)
+                    and v.left.target.id
+                    in [
+                        ast_expr.id
+                        for ast_expr in boolop.values[:i]
+                        if hasattr(ast_expr, "id")
+                    ]
+                ):
+                    pytest_temp = self.variable()
+                    self.variables_overwrite[
+                        v.left.target.id
+                    ] = v.left  # type:ignore[assignment]
+                    v.left.target.id = pytest_temp
             self.push_format_context()
             res, expl = self.visit(v)
             body.append(ast.Assign([ast.Name(res_var, ast.Store())], res))
-            expl_format = self.pop_format_context(ast.Str(expl))
+            expl_format = self.pop_format_context(astStr(expl))
             call = ast.Call(app, [expl_format], [])
             self.expl_stmts.append(ast.Expr(call))
             if i < levels:
@@ -974,7 +1024,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
                 self.statements = body = inner
         self.statements = save
         self.expl_stmts = fail_save
-        expl_template = self.helper("_format_boolop", expl_list, ast.Num(is_or))
+        expl_template = self.helper("_format_boolop", expl_list, astNum(is_or))
         expl = self.pop_format_context(expl_template)
         return ast.Name(res_var, ast.Load()), self.explanation_param(expl)
 
@@ -998,10 +1048,19 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         new_args = []
         new_kwargs = []
         for arg in call.args:
+            if isinstance(arg, ast.Name) and arg.id in self.variables_overwrite:
+                arg = self.variables_overwrite[arg.id]  # type:ignore[assignment]
             res, expl = self.visit(arg)
             arg_expls.append(expl)
             new_args.append(res)
         for keyword in call.keywords:
+            if (
+                isinstance(keyword.value, ast.Name)
+                and keyword.value.id in self.variables_overwrite
+            ):
+                keyword.value = self.variables_overwrite[
+                    keyword.value.id
+                ]  # type:ignore[assignment]
             res, expl = self.visit(keyword.value)
             new_kwargs.append(ast.keyword(keyword.arg, res))
             if keyword.arg:
@@ -1034,6 +1093,15 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
 
     def visit_Compare(self, comp: ast.Compare) -> Tuple[ast.expr, str]:
         self.push_format_context()
+        # We first check if we have overwritten a variable in the previous assert
+        if isinstance(comp.left, ast.Name) and comp.left.id in self.variables_overwrite:
+            comp.left = self.variables_overwrite[
+                comp.left.id
+            ]  # type:ignore[assignment]
+        if isinstance(comp.left, namedExpr):
+            self.variables_overwrite[
+                comp.left.target.id
+            ] = comp.left  # type:ignore[assignment]
         left_res, left_expl = self.visit(comp.left)
         if isinstance(comp.left, (ast.Compare, ast.BoolOp)):
             left_expl = f"({left_expl})"
@@ -1045,14 +1113,23 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         syms = []
         results = [left_res]
         for i, op, next_operand in it:
+            if (
+                isinstance(next_operand, namedExpr)
+                and isinstance(left_res, ast.Name)
+                and next_operand.target.id == left_res.id
+            ):
+                next_operand.target.id = self.variable()
+                self.variables_overwrite[
+                    left_res.id
+                ] = next_operand  # type:ignore[assignment]
             next_res, next_expl = self.visit(next_operand)
             if isinstance(next_operand, (ast.Compare, ast.BoolOp)):
                 next_expl = f"({next_expl})"
             results.append(next_res)
             sym = BINOP_MAP[op.__class__]
-            syms.append(ast.Str(sym))
+            syms.append(astStr(sym))
             expl = f"{left_expl} {sym} {next_expl}"
-            expls.append(ast.Str(expl))
+            expls.append(astStr(expl))
             res_expr = ast.Compare(left_res, [op], [next_res])
             self.statements.append(ast.Assign([store_names[i]], res_expr))
             left_res, left_expl = next_res, next_expl
@@ -1068,6 +1145,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
             res: ast.expr = ast.BoolOp(ast.And(), load_names)
         else:
             res = load_names[0]
+
         return res, self.explanation_param(self.pop_format_context(expl_call))
 
 

src/_pytest/assertion/truncate.py

@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ def _truncate_explanation(
     """Truncate given list of strings that makes up the assertion explanation.
 
     Truncates to either 8 lines, or 640 characters - whichever the input reaches
-    first. The remaining lines will be replaced by a usage message.
+    first, taking the truncation explanation into account. The remaining lines
+    will be replaced by a usage message.
     """
-
     if max_lines is None:
         max_lines = DEFAULT_MAX_LINES
     if max_chars is None:
@@ -48,35 +48,56 @@ def _truncate_explanation(
 
     # Check if truncation required
     input_char_count = len("".join(input_lines))
-    if len(input_lines) <= max_lines and input_char_count <= max_chars:
+    # The length of the truncation explanation depends on the number of lines
+    # removed but is at least 68 characters:
+    # The real value is
+    # 64 (for the base message:
+    # '...\n...Full output truncated (1 line hidden), use '-vv' to show")'
+    # )
+    # + 1 (for plural)
+    # + int(math.log10(len(input_lines) - max_lines)) (number of hidden line, at least 1)
+    # + 3 for the '...' added to the truncated line
+    # But if there's more than 100 lines it's very likely that we're going to
+    # truncate, so we don't need the exact value using log10.
+    tolerable_max_chars = (
+        max_chars + 70  # 64 + 1 (for plural) + 2 (for '99') + 3 for '...'
+    )
+    # The truncation explanation add two lines to the output
+    tolerable_max_lines = max_lines + 2
+    if (
+        len(input_lines) <= tolerable_max_lines
+        and input_char_count <= tolerable_max_chars
+    ):
         return input_lines
-
-    # Truncate first to max_lines, and then truncate to max_chars if max_chars
-    # is exceeded.
+    # Truncate first to max_lines, and then truncate to max_chars if necessary
     truncated_explanation = input_lines[:max_lines]
-    truncated_explanation = _truncate_by_char_count(truncated_explanation, max_chars)
-
-    # Add ellipsis to final line
-    truncated_explanation[-1] = truncated_explanation[-1] + "..."
-
-    # Append useful message to explanation
-    truncated_line_count = len(input_lines) - len(truncated_explanation)
-    truncated_line_count += 1  # Account for the part-truncated final line
-    msg = "...Full output truncated"
-    if truncated_line_count == 1:
-        msg += f" ({truncated_line_count} line hidden)"
+    truncated_char = True
+    # We reevaluate the need to truncate chars following removal of some lines
+    if len("".join(truncated_explanation)) > tolerable_max_chars:
+        truncated_explanation = _truncate_by_char_count(
+            truncated_explanation, max_chars
+        )
     else:
-        msg += f" ({truncated_line_count} lines hidden)"
-    msg += f", {USAGE_MSG}"
-    truncated_explanation.extend(["", str(msg)])
-    return truncated_explanation
+        truncated_char = False
+
+    truncated_line_count = len(input_lines) - len(truncated_explanation)
+    if truncated_explanation[-1]:
+        # Add ellipsis and take into account part-truncated final line
+        truncated_explanation[-1] = truncated_explanation[-1] + "..."
+        if truncated_char:
+            # It's possible that we did not remove any char from this line
+            truncated_line_count += 1
+    else:
+        # Add proper ellipsis when we were able to fit a full line exactly
+        truncated_explanation[-1] = "..."
+    return truncated_explanation + [
+        "",
+        f"...Full output truncated ({truncated_line_count} line"
+        f"{'' if truncated_line_count == 1 else 's'} hidden), {USAGE_MSG}",
+    ]
 
 
 def _truncate_by_char_count(input_lines: List[str], max_chars: int) -> List[str]:
-    # Check if truncation required
-    if len("".join(input_lines)) <= max_chars:
-        return input_lines
-
     # Find point at which input length exceeds total allowed length
     iterated_char_count = 0
     for iterated_index, input_line in enumerate(input_lines):

src/_pytest/cacheprovider.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """Implementation of the cache provider."""
 # This plugin was not named "cache" to avoid conflicts with the external
 # pytest-cache version.
+import dataclasses
 import json
 import os
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -12,8 +13,6 @@ from typing import Optional
 from typing import Set
 from typing import Union
 
-import attr
-
 from .pathlib import resolve_from_str
 from .pathlib import rm_rf
 from .reports import CollectReport
@@ -28,11 +27,10 @@ from _pytest.deprecated import check_ispytest
 from _pytest.fixtures import fixture
 from _pytest.fixtures import FixtureRequest
 from _pytest.main import Session
-from _pytest.python import Module
+from _pytest.nodes import File
 from _pytest.python import Package
 from _pytest.reports import TestReport
 
-
 README_CONTENT = """\
 # pytest cache directory #
 
@@ -53,10 +51,12 @@ Signature: 8a477f597d28d172789f06886806bc55
 
 
 @final
-@attr.s(init=False, auto_attribs=True)
+@dataclasses.dataclass
 class Cache:
-    _cachedir: Path = attr.ib(repr=False)
-    _config: Config = attr.ib(repr=False)
+    """Instance of the `cache` fixture."""
+
+    _cachedir: Path = dataclasses.field(repr=False)
+    _config: Config = dataclasses.field(repr=False)
 
     # Sub-directory under cache-dir for directories created by `mkdir()`.
     _CACHE_PREFIX_DIRS = "d"
@@ -179,16 +179,22 @@ class Cache:
             else:
                 cache_dir_exists_already = self._cachedir.exists()
                 path.parent.mkdir(exist_ok=True, parents=True)
-        except OSError:
-            self.warn("could not create cache path {path}", path=path, _ispytest=True)
+        except OSError as exc:
+            self.warn(
+                f"could not create cache path {path}: {exc}",
+                _ispytest=True,
+            )
             return
         if not cache_dir_exists_already:
             self._ensure_supporting_files()
         data = json.dumps(value, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
         try:
             f = path.open("w", encoding="UTF-8")
-        except OSError:
-            self.warn("cache could not write path {path}", path=path, _ispytest=True)
+        except OSError as exc:
+            self.warn(
+                f"cache could not write path {path}: {exc}",
+                _ispytest=True,
+            )
         else:
             with f:
                 f.write(data)
@@ -213,22 +219,30 @@ class LFPluginCollWrapper:
 
     @hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
     def pytest_make_collect_report(self, collector: nodes.Collector):
-        if isinstance(collector, Session):
+        if isinstance(collector, (Session, Package)):
             out = yield
             res: CollectReport = out.get_result()
 
             # Sort any lf-paths to the beginning.
             lf_paths = self.lfplugin._last_failed_paths
 
+            # Use stable sort to priorize last failed.
+            def sort_key(node: Union[nodes.Item, nodes.Collector]) -> bool:
+                # Package.path is the __init__.py file, we need the directory.
+                if isinstance(node, Package):
+                    path = node.path.parent
+                else:
+                    path = node.path
+                return path in lf_paths
+
             res.result = sorted(
                 res.result,
-                # use stable sort to priorize last failed
-                key=lambda x: x.path in lf_paths,
+                key=sort_key,
                 reverse=True,
             )
             return
 
-        elif isinstance(collector, Module):
+        elif isinstance(collector, File):
             if collector.path in self.lfplugin._last_failed_paths:
                 out = yield
                 res = out.get_result()
@@ -266,10 +280,9 @@ class LFPluginCollSkipfiles:
     def pytest_make_collect_report(
         self, collector: nodes.Collector
     ) -> Optional[CollectReport]:
-        # Packages are Modules, but _last_failed_paths only contains
-        # test-bearing paths and doesn't try to include the paths of their
-        # packages, so don't filter them.
-        if isinstance(collector, Module) and not isinstance(collector, Package):
+        # Packages are Files, but we only want to skip test-bearing Files,
+        # so don't filter Packages.
+        if isinstance(collector, File) and not isinstance(collector, Package):
             if collector.path not in self.lfplugin._last_failed_paths:
                 self.lfplugin._skipped_files += 1
 
@@ -299,9 +312,14 @@ class LFPlugin:
             )
 
     def get_last_failed_paths(self) -> Set[Path]:
-        """Return a set with all Paths()s of the previously failed nodeids."""
+        """Return a set with all Paths of the previously failed nodeids and
+        their parents."""
         rootpath = self.config.rootpath
-        result = {rootpath / nodeid.split("::")[0] for nodeid in self.lastfailed}
+        result = set()
+        for nodeid in self.lastfailed:
+            path = rootpath / nodeid.split("::")[0]
+            result.add(path)
+            result.update(path.parents)
         return {x for x in result if x.exists()}
 
     def pytest_report_collectionfinish(self) -> Optional[str]:
@@ -487,12 +505,16 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
         dest="last_failed_no_failures",
         choices=("all", "none"),
         default="all",
-        help="Which tests to run with no previously (known) failures",
+        help="With ``--lf``, determines whether to execute tests when there "
+        "are no previously (known) failures or when no "
+        "cached ``lastfailed`` data was found. "
+        "``all`` (the default) runs the full test suite again. "
+        "``none`` just emits a message about no known failures and exits successfully.",
     )
 
 
 def pytest_cmdline_main(config: Config) -> Optional[Union[int, ExitCode]]:
-    if config.option.cacheshow:
+    if config.option.cacheshow and not config.option.help:
         from _pytest.main import wrap_session
 
         return wrap_session(config, cacheshow)

src/_pytest/capture.py

@@ -1,19 +1,26 @@
 """Per-test stdout/stderr capturing mechanism."""
+import abc
+import collections
 import contextlib
-import functools
 import io
 import os
 import sys
 from io import UnsupportedOperation
 from tempfile import TemporaryFile
+from types import TracebackType
 from typing import Any
 from typing import AnyStr
+from typing import BinaryIO
 from typing import Generator
 from typing import Generic
+from typing import Iterable
 from typing import Iterator
+from typing import List
+from typing import NamedTuple
 from typing import Optional
 from typing import TextIO
 from typing import Tuple
+from typing import Type
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Union
 
@@ -29,6 +36,7 @@ from _pytest.nodes import File
 from _pytest.nodes import Item
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing_extensions import Final
     from typing_extensions import Literal
 
     _CaptureMethod = Literal["fd", "sys", "no", "tee-sys"]
@@ -185,19 +193,27 @@ class TeeCaptureIO(CaptureIO):
         return self._other.write(s)
 
 
-class DontReadFromInput:
-    encoding = None
+class DontReadFromInput(TextIO):
+    @property
+    def encoding(self) -> str:
+        return sys.__stdin__.encoding
 
-    def read(self, *args):
+    def read(self, size: int = -1) -> str:
         raise OSError(
             "pytest: reading from stdin while output is captured!  Consider using `-s`."
         )
 
     readline = read
-    readlines = read
-    __next__ = read
 
-    def __iter__(self):
+    def __next__(self) -> str:
+        return self.readline()
+
+    def readlines(self, hint: Optional[int] = -1) -> List[str]:
+        raise OSError(
+            "pytest: reading from stdin while output is captured!  Consider using `-s`."
+        )
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
         return self
 
     def fileno(self) -> int:
@@ -215,7 +231,7 @@ class DontReadFromInput:
     def readable(self) -> bool:
         return False
 
-    def seek(self, offset: int) -> int:
+    def seek(self, offset: int, whence: int = 0) -> int:
         raise UnsupportedOperation("redirected stdin is pseudofile, has no seek(int)")
 
     def seekable(self) -> bool:
@@ -224,41 +240,104 @@ class DontReadFromInput:
     def tell(self) -> int:
         raise UnsupportedOperation("redirected stdin is pseudofile, has no tell()")
 
-    def truncate(self, size: int) -> None:
-        raise UnsupportedOperation("cannont truncate stdin")
+    def truncate(self, size: Optional[int] = None) -> int:
+        raise UnsupportedOperation("cannot truncate stdin")
 
-    def write(self, *args) -> None:
+    def write(self, data: str) -> int:
         raise UnsupportedOperation("cannot write to stdin")
 
-    def writelines(self, *args) -> None:
+    def writelines(self, lines: Iterable[str]) -> None:
         raise UnsupportedOperation("Cannot write to stdin")
 
     def writable(self) -> bool:
         return False
 
-    @property
-    def buffer(self):
+    def __enter__(self) -> "DontReadFromInput":
         return self
 
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
+        value: Optional[BaseException],
+        traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    @property
+    def buffer(self) -> BinaryIO:
+        # The str/bytes doesn't actually matter in this type, so OK to fake.
+        return self  # type: ignore[return-value]
+
 
 # Capture classes.
 
 
+class CaptureBase(abc.ABC, Generic[AnyStr]):
+    EMPTY_BUFFER: AnyStr
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __init__(self, fd: int) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def start(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def done(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def suspend(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def resume(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def writeorg(self, data: AnyStr) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def snap(self) -> AnyStr:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
 patchsysdict = {0: "stdin", 1: "stdout", 2: "stderr"}
 
 
-class NoCapture:
-    EMPTY_BUFFER = None
-    __init__ = start = done = suspend = resume = lambda *args: None
+class NoCapture(CaptureBase[str]):
+    EMPTY_BUFFER = ""
+
+    def __init__(self, fd: int) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def start(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def done(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def suspend(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def resume(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def snap(self) -> str:
+        return ""
+
+    def writeorg(self, data: str) -> None:
+        pass
 
 
-class SysCaptureBinary:
-
-    EMPTY_BUFFER = b""
-
-    def __init__(self, fd: int, tmpfile=None, *, tee: bool = False) -> None:
+class SysCaptureBase(CaptureBase[AnyStr]):
+    def __init__(
+        self, fd: int, tmpfile: Optional[TextIO] = None, *, tee: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
         name = patchsysdict[fd]
-        self._old = getattr(sys, name)
+        self._old: TextIO = getattr(sys, name)
         self.name = name
         if tmpfile is None:
             if name == "stdin":
@@ -298,14 +377,6 @@ class SysCaptureBinary:
         setattr(sys, self.name, self.tmpfile)
         self._state = "started"
 
-    def snap(self):
-        self._assert_state("snap", ("started", "suspended"))
-        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
-        res = self.tmpfile.buffer.read()
-        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
-        self.tmpfile.truncate()
-        return res
-
     def done(self) -> None:
         self._assert_state("done", ("initialized", "started", "suspended", "done"))
         if self._state == "done":
@@ -327,36 +398,43 @@ class SysCaptureBinary:
         setattr(sys, self.name, self.tmpfile)
         self._state = "started"
 
-    def writeorg(self, data) -> None:
+
+class SysCaptureBinary(SysCaptureBase[bytes]):
+    EMPTY_BUFFER = b""
+
+    def snap(self) -> bytes:
+        self._assert_state("snap", ("started", "suspended"))
+        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+        res = self.tmpfile.buffer.read()
+        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+        self.tmpfile.truncate()
+        return res
+
+    def writeorg(self, data: bytes) -> None:
         self._assert_state("writeorg", ("started", "suspended"))
         self._old.flush()
         self._old.buffer.write(data)
         self._old.buffer.flush()
 
 
-class SysCapture(SysCaptureBinary):
-    EMPTY_BUFFER = ""  # type: ignore[assignment]
+class SysCapture(SysCaptureBase[str]):
+    EMPTY_BUFFER = ""
 
-    def snap(self):
+    def snap(self) -> str:
+        self._assert_state("snap", ("started", "suspended"))
+        assert isinstance(self.tmpfile, CaptureIO)
         res = self.tmpfile.getvalue()
         self.tmpfile.seek(0)
         self.tmpfile.truncate()
         return res
 
-    def writeorg(self, data):
+    def writeorg(self, data: str) -> None:
         self._assert_state("writeorg", ("started", "suspended"))
         self._old.write(data)
         self._old.flush()
 
 
-class FDCaptureBinary:
-    """Capture IO to/from a given OS-level file descriptor.
-
-    snap() produces `bytes`.
-    """
-
-    EMPTY_BUFFER = b""
-
+class FDCaptureBase(CaptureBase[AnyStr]):
     def __init__(self, targetfd: int) -> None:
         self.targetfd = targetfd
 
@@ -382,7 +460,7 @@ class FDCaptureBinary:
 
         if targetfd == 0:
             self.tmpfile = open(os.devnull, encoding="utf-8")
-            self.syscapture = SysCapture(targetfd)
+            self.syscapture: CaptureBase[str] = SysCapture(targetfd)
         else:
             self.tmpfile = EncodedFile(
                 TemporaryFile(buffering=0),
@@ -394,7 +472,7 @@ class FDCaptureBinary:
             if targetfd in patchsysdict:
                 self.syscapture = SysCapture(targetfd, self.tmpfile)
             else:
-                self.syscapture = NoCapture()
+                self.syscapture = NoCapture(targetfd)
 
         self._state = "initialized"
 
@@ -421,14 +499,6 @@ class FDCaptureBinary:
         self.syscapture.start()
         self._state = "started"
 
-    def snap(self):
-        self._assert_state("snap", ("started", "suspended"))
-        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
-        res = self.tmpfile.buffer.read()
-        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
-        self.tmpfile.truncate()
-        return res
-
     def done(self) -> None:
         """Stop capturing, restore streams, return original capture file,
         seeked to position zero."""
@@ -461,22 +531,38 @@ class FDCaptureBinary:
         os.dup2(self.tmpfile.fileno(), self.targetfd)
         self._state = "started"
 
-    def writeorg(self, data):
+
+class FDCaptureBinary(FDCaptureBase[bytes]):
+    """Capture IO to/from a given OS-level file descriptor.
+
+    snap() produces `bytes`.
+    """
+
+    EMPTY_BUFFER = b""
+
+    def snap(self) -> bytes:
+        self._assert_state("snap", ("started", "suspended"))
+        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+        res = self.tmpfile.buffer.read()
+        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+        self.tmpfile.truncate()
+        return res
+
+    def writeorg(self, data: bytes) -> None:
         """Write to original file descriptor."""
         self._assert_state("writeorg", ("started", "suspended"))
         os.write(self.targetfd_save, data)
 
 
-class FDCapture(FDCaptureBinary):
+class FDCapture(FDCaptureBase[str]):
     """Capture IO to/from a given OS-level file descriptor.
 
     snap() produces text.
     """
 
-    # Ignore type because it doesn't match the type in the superclass (bytes).
-    EMPTY_BUFFER = ""  # type: ignore
+    EMPTY_BUFFER = ""
 
-    def snap(self):
+    def snap(self) -> str:
         self._assert_state("snap", ("started", "suspended"))
         self.tmpfile.seek(0)
         res = self.tmpfile.read()
@@ -484,77 +570,49 @@ class FDCapture(FDCaptureBinary):
         self.tmpfile.truncate()
         return res
 
-    def writeorg(self, data):
+    def writeorg(self, data: str) -> None:
         """Write to original file descriptor."""
-        super().writeorg(data.encode("utf-8"))  # XXX use encoding of original stream
+        self._assert_state("writeorg", ("started", "suspended"))
+        # XXX use encoding of original stream
+        os.write(self.targetfd_save, data.encode("utf-8"))
 
 
 # MultiCapture
 
 
-# This class was a namedtuple, but due to mypy limitation[0] it could not be
-# made generic, so was replaced by a regular class which tries to emulate the
-# pertinent parts of a namedtuple. If the mypy limitation is ever lifted, can
-# make it a namedtuple again.
-# [0]: https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/685
-@final
-@functools.total_ordering
-class CaptureResult(Generic[AnyStr]):
-    """The result of :method:`CaptureFixture.readouterr`."""
+# Generic NamedTuple only supported since Python 3.11.
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 11) or TYPE_CHECKING:
 
-    __slots__ = ("out", "err")
+    @final
+    class CaptureResult(NamedTuple, Generic[AnyStr]):
+        """The result of :method:`CaptureFixture.readouterr`."""
 
-    def __init__(self, out: AnyStr, err: AnyStr) -> None:
-        self.out: AnyStr = out
-        self.err: AnyStr = err
+        out: AnyStr
+        err: AnyStr
 
-    def __len__(self) -> int:
-        return 2
+else:
 
-    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[AnyStr]:
-        return iter((self.out, self.err))
+    class CaptureResult(
+        collections.namedtuple("CaptureResult", ["out", "err"]), Generic[AnyStr]
+    ):
+        """The result of :method:`CaptureFixture.readouterr`."""
 
-    def __getitem__(self, item: int) -> AnyStr:
-        return tuple(self)[item]
-
-    def _replace(
-        self, *, out: Optional[AnyStr] = None, err: Optional[AnyStr] = None
-    ) -> "CaptureResult[AnyStr]":
-        return CaptureResult(
-            out=self.out if out is None else out, err=self.err if err is None else err
-        )
-
-    def count(self, value: AnyStr) -> int:
-        return tuple(self).count(value)
-
-    def index(self, value) -> int:
-        return tuple(self).index(value)
-
-    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
-        if not isinstance(other, (CaptureResult, tuple)):
-            return NotImplemented
-        return tuple(self) == tuple(other)
-
-    def __hash__(self) -> int:
-        return hash(tuple(self))
-
-    def __lt__(self, other: object) -> bool:
-        if not isinstance(other, (CaptureResult, tuple)):
-            return NotImplemented
-        return tuple(self) < tuple(other)
-
-    def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return f"CaptureResult(out={self.out!r}, err={self.err!r})"
+        __slots__ = ()
 
 
 class MultiCapture(Generic[AnyStr]):
     _state = None
     _in_suspended = False
 
-    def __init__(self, in_, out, err) -> None:
-        self.in_ = in_
-        self.out = out
-        self.err = err
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        in_: Optional[CaptureBase[AnyStr]],
+        out: Optional[CaptureBase[AnyStr]],
+        err: Optional[CaptureBase[AnyStr]],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.in_: Optional[CaptureBase[AnyStr]] = in_
+        self.out: Optional[CaptureBase[AnyStr]] = out
+        self.err: Optional[CaptureBase[AnyStr]] = err
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return "<MultiCapture out={!r} err={!r} in_={!r} _state={!r} _in_suspended={!r}>".format(
@@ -578,8 +636,10 @@ class MultiCapture(Generic[AnyStr]):
         """Pop current snapshot out/err capture and flush to orig streams."""
         out, err = self.readouterr()
         if out:
+            assert self.out is not None
             self.out.writeorg(out)
         if err:
+            assert self.err is not None
             self.err.writeorg(err)
         return out, err
 
@@ -600,6 +660,7 @@ class MultiCapture(Generic[AnyStr]):
         if self.err:
             self.err.resume()
         if self._in_suspended:
+            assert self.in_ is not None
             self.in_.resume()
             self._in_suspended = False
 
@@ -622,7 +683,8 @@ class MultiCapture(Generic[AnyStr]):
     def readouterr(self) -> CaptureResult[AnyStr]:
         out = self.out.snap() if self.out else ""
         err = self.err.snap() if self.err else ""
-        return CaptureResult(out, err)
+        # TODO: This type error is real, need to fix.
+        return CaptureResult(out, err)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
 
 
 def _get_multicapture(method: "_CaptureMethod") -> MultiCapture[str]:
@@ -662,7 +724,7 @@ class CaptureManager:
     """
 
     def __init__(self, method: "_CaptureMethod") -> None:
-        self._method = method
+        self._method: Final = method
         self._global_capturing: Optional[MultiCapture[str]] = None
         self._capture_fixture: Optional[CaptureFixture[Any]] = None
 
@@ -831,14 +893,18 @@ class CaptureFixture(Generic[AnyStr]):
     :fixture:`capfd` and :fixture:`capfdbinary` fixtures."""
 
     def __init__(
-        self, captureclass, request: SubRequest, *, _ispytest: bool = False
+        self,
+        captureclass: Type[CaptureBase[AnyStr]],
+        request: SubRequest,
+        *,
+        _ispytest: bool = False,
     ) -> None:
         check_ispytest(_ispytest)
-        self.captureclass = captureclass
+        self.captureclass: Type[CaptureBase[AnyStr]] = captureclass
         self.request = request
         self._capture: Optional[MultiCapture[AnyStr]] = None
-        self._captured_out = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
-        self._captured_err = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
+        self._captured_out: AnyStr = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
+        self._captured_err: AnyStr = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
 
     def _start(self) -> None:
         if self._capture is None:
@@ -893,7 +959,9 @@ class CaptureFixture(Generic[AnyStr]):
     @contextlib.contextmanager
     def disabled(self) -> Generator[None, None, None]:
         """Temporarily disable capturing while inside the ``with`` block."""
-        capmanager = self.request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+        capmanager: CaptureManager = self.request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin(
+            "capturemanager"
+        )
         with capmanager.global_and_fixture_disabled():
             yield
 
@@ -920,8 +988,8 @@ def capsys(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[str], None, None]:
             captured = capsys.readouterr()
             assert captured.out == "hello\n"
     """
-    capman = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
-    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture[str](SysCapture, request, _ispytest=True)
+    capman: CaptureManager = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture(SysCapture, request, _ispytest=True)
     capman.set_fixture(capture_fixture)
     capture_fixture._start()
     yield capture_fixture
@@ -948,8 +1016,8 @@ def capsysbinary(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[bytes], None,
             captured = capsysbinary.readouterr()
             assert captured.out == b"hello\n"
     """
-    capman = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
-    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture[bytes](SysCaptureBinary, request, _ispytest=True)
+    capman: CaptureManager = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture(SysCaptureBinary, request, _ispytest=True)
     capman.set_fixture(capture_fixture)
     capture_fixture._start()
     yield capture_fixture
@@ -976,8 +1044,8 @@ def capfd(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[str], None, None]:
             captured = capfd.readouterr()
             assert captured.out == "hello\n"
     """
-    capman = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
-    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture[str](FDCapture, request, _ispytest=True)
+    capman: CaptureManager = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture(FDCapture, request, _ispytest=True)
     capman.set_fixture(capture_fixture)
     capture_fixture._start()
     yield capture_fixture
@@ -1005,8 +1073,8 @@ def capfdbinary(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[bytes], None, N
             assert captured.out == b"hello\n"
 
     """
-    capman = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
-    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture[bytes](FDCaptureBinary, request, _ispytest=True)
+    capman: CaptureManager = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture(FDCaptureBinary, request, _ispytest=True)
     capman.set_fixture(capture_fixture)
     capture_fixture._start()
     yield capture_fixture

src/_pytest/compat.py

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 """Python version compatibility code."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
 import enum
 import functools
 import inspect
@@ -11,13 +14,8 @@ from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import Generic
 from typing import NoReturn
-from typing import Optional
-from typing import Tuple
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import TypeVar
-from typing import Union
-
-import attr
 
 import py
 
@@ -47,7 +45,7 @@ LEGACY_PATH = py.path. local
 # fmt: on
 
 
-def legacy_path(path: Union[str, "os.PathLike[str]"]) -> LEGACY_PATH:
+def legacy_path(path: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> LEGACY_PATH:
     """Internal wrapper to prepare lazy proxies for legacy_path instances"""
     return LEGACY_PATH(path)
 
@@ -57,7 +55,7 @@ def legacy_path(path: Union[str, "os.PathLike[str]"]) -> LEGACY_PATH:
 # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0484/#support-for-singleton-types-in-unions
 class NotSetType(enum.Enum):
     token = 0
-NOTSET: "Final" = NotSetType.token  # noqa: E305
+NOTSET: Final = NotSetType.token  # noqa: E305
 # fmt: on
 
 if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
@@ -95,7 +93,7 @@ def is_async_function(func: object) -> bool:
     return iscoroutinefunction(func) or inspect.isasyncgenfunction(func)
 
 
-def getlocation(function, curdir: Optional[str] = None) -> str:
+def getlocation(function, curdir: str | None = None) -> str:
     function = get_real_func(function)
     fn = Path(inspect.getfile(function))
     lineno = function.__code__.co_firstlineno
@@ -133,8 +131,8 @@ def getfuncargnames(
     *,
     name: str = "",
     is_method: bool = False,
-    cls: Optional[type] = None,
-) -> Tuple[str, ...]:
+    cls: type | None = None,
+) -> tuple[str, ...]:
     """Return the names of a function's mandatory arguments.
 
     Should return the names of all function arguments that:
@@ -198,7 +196,7 @@ def getfuncargnames(
     return arg_names
 
 
-def get_default_arg_names(function: Callable[..., Any]) -> Tuple[str, ...]:
+def get_default_arg_names(function: Callable[..., Any]) -> tuple[str, ...]:
     # Note: this code intentionally mirrors the code at the beginning of
     # getfuncargnames, to get the arguments which were excluded from its result
     # because they had default values.
@@ -229,7 +227,7 @@ def _bytes_to_ascii(val: bytes) -> str:
     return val.decode("ascii", "backslashreplace")
 
 
-def ascii_escaped(val: Union[bytes, str]) -> str:
+def ascii_escaped(val: bytes | str) -> str:
     r"""If val is pure ASCII, return it as an str, otherwise, escape
     bytes objects into a sequence of escaped bytes:
 
@@ -253,7 +251,7 @@ def ascii_escaped(val: Union[bytes, str]) -> str:
     return _translate_non_printable(ret)
 
 
-@attr.s
+@dataclasses.dataclass
 class _PytestWrapper:
     """Dummy wrapper around a function object for internal use only.
 
@@ -262,7 +260,7 @@ class _PytestWrapper:
     decorator to issue warnings when the fixture function is called directly.
     """
 
-    obj = attr.ib()
+    obj: Any
 
 
 def get_real_func(obj):
@@ -356,7 +354,6 @@ else:
 if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
     from functools import cached_property as cached_property
 else:
-    from typing import Type
 
     class cached_property(Generic[_S, _T]):
         __slots__ = ("func", "__doc__")
@@ -367,12 +364,12 @@ else:
 
         @overload
         def __get__(
-            self, instance: None, owner: Optional[Type[_S]] = ...
-        ) -> "cached_property[_S, _T]":
+            self, instance: None, owner: type[_S] | None = ...
+        ) -> cached_property[_S, _T]:
             ...
 
         @overload
-        def __get__(self, instance: _S, owner: Optional[Type[_S]] = ...) -> _T:
+        def __get__(self, instance: _S, owner: type[_S] | None = ...) -> _T:
             ...
 
         def __get__(self, instance, owner=None):
@@ -382,6 +379,18 @@ else:
             return value
 
 
+def get_user_id() -> int | None:
+    """Return the current user id, or None if we cannot get it reliably on the current platform."""
+    # win32 does not have a getuid() function.
+    # On Emscripten, getuid() is a stub that always returns 0.
+    if sys.platform in ("win32", "emscripten"):
+        return None
+    # getuid shouldn't fail, but cpython defines such a case.
+    # Let's hope for the best.
+    uid = os.getuid()
+    return uid if uid != -1 else None
+
+
 # Perform exhaustiveness checking.
 #
 # Consider this example:

src/_pytest/config/__init__.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 import argparse
 import collections.abc
 import copy
+import dataclasses
 import enum
 import glob
 import inspect
@@ -34,7 +35,6 @@ from typing import Type
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Union
 
-import attr
 from pluggy import HookimplMarker
 from pluggy import HookspecMarker
 from pluggy import PluginManager
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ from _pytest._code import ExceptionInfo
 from _pytest._code import filter_traceback
 from _pytest._io import TerminalWriter
 from _pytest.compat import final
-from _pytest.compat import importlib_metadata
+from _pytest.compat import importlib_metadata  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
 from _pytest.outcomes import fail
 from _pytest.outcomes import Skipped
 from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
 from _pytest.pathlib import import_path
 from _pytest.pathlib import ImportMode
 from _pytest.pathlib import resolve_package_path
+from _pytest.pathlib import safe_exists
 from _pytest.stash import Stash
 from _pytest.warning_types import PytestConfigWarning
 from _pytest.warning_types import warn_explicit_for
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-
     from _pytest._code.code import _TracebackStyle
     from _pytest.terminal import TerminalReporter
     from .argparsing import Argument
@@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ def main(
 ) -> Union[int, ExitCode]:
     """Perform an in-process test run.
 
-    :param args: List of command line arguments.
+    :param args:
+        List of command line arguments. If `None` or not given, defaults to reading
+        arguments directly from the process command line (:data:`sys.argv`).
     :param plugins: List of plugin objects to be auto-registered during initialization.
 
     :returns: An exit code.
@@ -443,10 +445,10 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         # so we avoid accessing possibly non-readable attributes
         # (see issue #1073).
         if not name.startswith("pytest_"):
-            return
+            return None
         # Ignore names which can not be hooks.
         if name == "pytest_plugins":
-            return
+            return None
 
         opts = super().parse_hookimpl_opts(plugin, name)
         if opts is not None:
@@ -455,9 +457,9 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         method = getattr(plugin, name)
         # Consider only actual functions for hooks (#3775).
         if not inspect.isroutine(method):
-            return
+            return None
         # Collect unmarked hooks as long as they have the `pytest_' prefix.
-        return _get_legacy_hook_marks(
+        return _get_legacy_hook_marks(  # type: ignore[return-value]
             method, "impl", ("tryfirst", "trylast", "optionalhook", "hookwrapper")
         )
 
@@ -466,7 +468,7 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         if opts is None:
             method = getattr(module_or_class, name)
             if name.startswith("pytest_"):
-                opts = _get_legacy_hook_marks(
+                opts = _get_legacy_hook_marks(  # type: ignore[assignment]
                     method,
                     "spec",
                     ("firstresult", "historic"),
@@ -527,7 +529,13 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
     # Internal API for local conftest plugin handling.
     #
     def _set_initial_conftests(
-        self, namespace: argparse.Namespace, rootpath: Path
+        self,
+        args: Sequence[Union[str, Path]],
+        pyargs: bool,
+        noconftest: bool,
+        rootpath: Path,
+        confcutdir: Optional[Path],
+        importmode: Union[ImportMode, str],
     ) -> None:
         """Load initial conftest files given a preparsed "namespace".
 
@@ -537,27 +545,25 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         common options will not confuse our logic here.
         """
         current = Path.cwd()
-        self._confcutdir = (
-            absolutepath(current / namespace.confcutdir)
-            if namespace.confcutdir
-            else None
-        )
-        self._noconftest = namespace.noconftest
-        self._using_pyargs = namespace.pyargs
-        testpaths = namespace.file_or_dir
+        self._confcutdir = absolutepath(current / confcutdir) if confcutdir else None
+        self._noconftest = noconftest
+        self._using_pyargs = pyargs
         foundanchor = False
-        for testpath in testpaths:
-            path = str(testpath)
+        for intitial_path in args:
+            path = str(intitial_path)
             # remove node-id syntax
             i = path.find("::")
             if i != -1:
                 path = path[:i]
             anchor = absolutepath(current / path)
-            if anchor.exists():  # we found some file object
-                self._try_load_conftest(anchor, namespace.importmode, rootpath)
+
+            # Ensure we do not break if what appears to be an anchor
+            # is in fact a very long option (#10169, #11394).
+            if safe_exists(anchor):
+                self._try_load_conftest(anchor, importmode, rootpath)
                 foundanchor = True
         if not foundanchor:
-            self._try_load_conftest(current, namespace.importmode, rootpath)
+            self._try_load_conftest(current, importmode, rootpath)
 
     def _is_in_confcutdir(self, path: Path) -> bool:
         """Whether a path is within the confcutdir.
@@ -697,6 +703,7 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
                     parg = opt[2:]
                 else:
                     continue
+                parg = parg.strip()
                 if exclude_only and not parg.startswith("no:"):
                     continue
                 self.consider_pluginarg(parg)
@@ -886,10 +893,6 @@ def _iter_rewritable_modules(package_files: Iterable[str]) -> Iterator[str]:
             yield from _iter_rewritable_modules(new_package_files)
 
 
-def _args_converter(args: Iterable[str]) -> Tuple[str, ...]:
-    return tuple(args)
-
-
 @final
 class Config:
     """Access to configuration values, pluginmanager and plugin hooks.
@@ -903,7 +906,7 @@ class Config:
     """
 
     @final
-    @attr.s(frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
+    @dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
     class InvocationParams:
         """Holds parameters passed during :func:`pytest.main`.
 
@@ -919,13 +922,24 @@ class Config:
             Plugins accessing ``InvocationParams`` must be aware of that.
         """
 
-        args: Tuple[str, ...] = attr.ib(converter=_args_converter)
+        args: Tuple[str, ...]
         """The command-line arguments as passed to :func:`pytest.main`."""
         plugins: Optional[Sequence[Union[str, _PluggyPlugin]]]
         """Extra plugins, might be `None`."""
         dir: Path
         """The directory from which :func:`pytest.main` was invoked."""
 
+        def __init__(
+            self,
+            *,
+            args: Iterable[str],
+            plugins: Optional[Sequence[Union[str, _PluggyPlugin]]],
+            dir: Path,
+        ) -> None:
+            object.__setattr__(self, "args", tuple(args))
+            object.__setattr__(self, "plugins", plugins)
+            object.__setattr__(self, "dir", dir)
+
     class ArgsSource(enum.Enum):
         """Indicates the source of the test arguments.
 
@@ -998,6 +1012,8 @@ class Config:
         self.hook.pytest_addoption.call_historic(
             kwargs=dict(parser=self._parser, pluginmanager=self.pluginmanager)
         )
+        self.args_source = Config.ArgsSource.ARGS
+        self.args: List[str] = []
 
         if TYPE_CHECKING:
             from _pytest.cacheprovider import Cache
@@ -1046,9 +1062,10 @@ class Config:
             fin()
 
     def get_terminal_writer(self) -> TerminalWriter:
-        terminalreporter: TerminalReporter = self.pluginmanager.get_plugin(
+        terminalreporter: Optional[TerminalReporter] = self.pluginmanager.get_plugin(
             "terminalreporter"
         )
+        assert terminalreporter is not None
         return terminalreporter._tw
 
     def pytest_cmdline_parse(
@@ -1057,7 +1074,6 @@ class Config:
         try:
             self.parse(args)
         except UsageError:
-
             # Handle --version and --help here in a minimal fashion.
             # This gets done via helpconfig normally, but its
             # pytest_cmdline_main is not called in case of errors.
@@ -1122,8 +1138,25 @@ class Config:
 
     @hookimpl(trylast=True)
     def pytest_load_initial_conftests(self, early_config: "Config") -> None:
+        # We haven't fully parsed the command line arguments yet, so
+        # early_config.args it not set yet. But we need it for
+        # discovering the initial conftests. So "pre-run" the logic here.
+        # It will be done for real in `parse()`.
+        args, args_source = early_config._decide_args(
+            args=early_config.known_args_namespace.file_or_dir,
+            pyargs=early_config.known_args_namespace.pyargs,
+            testpaths=early_config.getini("testpaths"),
+            invocation_dir=early_config.invocation_params.dir,
+            rootpath=early_config.rootpath,
+            warn=False,
+        )
         self.pluginmanager._set_initial_conftests(
-            early_config.known_args_namespace, rootpath=early_config.rootpath
+            args=args,
+            pyargs=early_config.known_args_namespace.pyargs,
+            noconftest=early_config.known_args_namespace.noconftest,
+            rootpath=early_config.rootpath,
+            confcutdir=early_config.known_args_namespace.confcutdir,
+            importmode=early_config.known_args_namespace.importmode,
         )
 
     def _initini(self, args: Sequence[str]) -> None:
@@ -1203,6 +1236,49 @@ class Config:
 
         return args
 
+    def _decide_args(
+        self,
+        *,
+        args: List[str],
+        pyargs: List[str],
+        testpaths: List[str],
+        invocation_dir: Path,
+        rootpath: Path,
+        warn: bool,
+    ) -> Tuple[List[str], ArgsSource]:
+        """Decide the args (initial paths/nodeids) to use given the relevant inputs.
+
+        :param warn: Whether can issue warnings.
+        """
+        if args:
+            source = Config.ArgsSource.ARGS
+            result = args
+        else:
+            if invocation_dir == rootpath:
+                source = Config.ArgsSource.TESTPATHS
+                if pyargs:
+                    result = testpaths
+                else:
+                    result = []
+                    for path in testpaths:
+                        result.extend(sorted(glob.iglob(path, recursive=True)))
+                    if testpaths and not result:
+                        if warn:
+                            warning_text = (
+                                "No files were found in testpaths; "
+                                "consider removing or adjusting your testpaths configuration. "
+                                "Searching recursively from the current directory instead."
+                            )
+                            self.issue_config_time_warning(
+                                PytestConfigWarning(warning_text), stacklevel=3
+                            )
+            else:
+                result = []
+            if not result:
+                source = Config.ArgsSource.INCOVATION_DIR
+                result = [str(invocation_dir)]
+        return result, source
+
     def _preparse(self, args: List[str], addopts: bool = True) -> None:
         if addopts:
             env_addopts = os.environ.get("PYTEST_ADDOPTS", "")
@@ -1241,8 +1317,11 @@ class Config:
                 _pytest.deprecated.STRICT_OPTION, stacklevel=2
             )
 
-        if self.known_args_namespace.confcutdir is None and self.inipath is not None:
-            confcutdir = str(self.inipath.parent)
+        if self.known_args_namespace.confcutdir is None:
+            if self.inipath is not None:
+                confcutdir = str(self.inipath.parent)
+            else:
+                confcutdir = str(self.rootpath)
             self.known_args_namespace.confcutdir = confcutdir
         try:
             self.hook.pytest_load_initial_conftests(
@@ -1337,8 +1416,8 @@ class Config:
 
     def parse(self, args: List[str], addopts: bool = True) -> None:
         # Parse given cmdline arguments into this config object.
-        assert not hasattr(
-            self, "args"
+        assert (
+            self.args == []
         ), "can only parse cmdline args at most once per Config object"
         self.hook.pytest_addhooks.call_historic(
             kwargs=dict(pluginmanager=self.pluginmanager)
@@ -1348,25 +1427,17 @@ class Config:
         self.hook.pytest_cmdline_preparse(config=self, args=args)
         self._parser.after_preparse = True  # type: ignore
         try:
-            source = Config.ArgsSource.ARGS
             args = self._parser.parse_setoption(
                 args, self.option, namespace=self.option
             )
-            if not args:
-                if self.invocation_params.dir == self.rootpath:
-                    source = Config.ArgsSource.TESTPATHS
-                    testpaths: List[str] = self.getini("testpaths")
-                    if self.known_args_namespace.pyargs:
-                        args = testpaths
-                    else:
-                        args = []
-                        for path in testpaths:
-                            args.extend(sorted(glob.iglob(path, recursive=True)))
-                if not args:
-                    source = Config.ArgsSource.INCOVATION_DIR
-                    args = [str(self.invocation_params.dir)]
-            self.args = args
-            self.args_source = source
+            self.args, self.args_source = self._decide_args(
+                args=args,
+                pyargs=self.known_args_namespace.pyargs,
+                testpaths=self.getini("testpaths"),
+                invocation_dir=self.invocation_params.dir,
+                rootpath=self.rootpath,
+                warn=True,
+            )
         except PrintHelp:
             pass
 

src/_pytest/config/compat.py

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ class PathAwareHookProxy:
 
             @_wraps(hook)
             def fixed_hook(**kw):
-
                 path_value: Optional[Path] = kw.pop(path_var, None)
                 fspath_value: Optional[LEGACY_PATH] = kw.pop(fspath_var, None)
                 if fspath_value is not None:

src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from .exceptions import UsageError
 from _pytest.outcomes import fail
 from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
 from _pytest.pathlib import commonpath
+from _pytest.pathlib import safe_exists
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from . import Config
@@ -151,14 +152,6 @@ def get_dirs_from_args(args: Iterable[str]) -> List[Path]:
             return path
         return path.parent
 
-    def safe_exists(path: Path) -> bool:
-        # This can throw on paths that contain characters unrepresentable at the OS level,
-        # or with invalid syntax on Windows (https://bugs.python.org/issue35306)
-        try:
-            return path.exists()
-        except OSError:
-            return False
-
     # These look like paths but may not exist
     possible_paths = (
         absolutepath(get_file_part_from_node_id(arg))
@@ -203,8 +196,7 @@ def determine_setup(
                     else:
                         cwd = Path.cwd()
                     rootdir = get_common_ancestor([cwd, ancestor])
-                    is_fs_root = os.path.splitdrive(str(rootdir))[1] == "/"
-                    if is_fs_root:
+                    if is_fs_root(rootdir):
                         rootdir = ancestor
     if rootdir_cmd_arg:
         rootdir = absolutepath(os.path.expandvars(rootdir_cmd_arg))
@@ -216,3 +208,11 @@ def determine_setup(
             )
     assert rootdir is not None
     return rootdir, inipath, inicfg or {}
+
+
+def is_fs_root(p: Path) -> bool:
+    r"""
+    Return True if the given path is pointing to the root of the
+    file system ("/" on Unix and "C:\\" on Windows for example).
+    """
+    return os.path.splitdrive(str(p))[1] == os.sep