Move mark revamp note to the top of the CHANGELOG

Import Mapping and Sequence from compat in python_api::approx

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 Thanks for submitting a PR, your contribution is really appreciated!
 
-Here's a quick checklist that should be present in PRs:
+Here's a quick checklist that should be present in PRs (you can delete this text from the final description, this is
+just a guideline):
 
-- [ ] Add a new news fragment into the changelog folder
-  * name it `$issue_id.$type` for example (588.bugfix)
-  * if you don't have an issue_id change it to the pr id after creating the pr
-  * ensure type is one of `removal`, `feature`, `bugfix`, `vendor`, `doc` or `trivial`
-  * Make sure to use full sentences with correct case and punctuation, for example: "Fix issue with non-ascii contents in doctest text files."
-- [ ] Target: for `bugfix`, `vendor`, `doc` or `trivial` fixes, target `master`; for removals or features target `features`;
-- [ ] Make sure to include reasonable tests for your change if necessary
+- [ ] Create a new changelog file in the `changelog` folder, with a name like `<ISSUE NUMBER>.<TYPE>.rst`. See [changelog/README.rst](/changelog/README.rst) for details.
+- [ ] Target the `master` branch for bug fixes, documentation updates and trivial changes.
+- [ ] Target the `features` branch for new features and removals/deprecations.
+- [ ] Include documentation when adding new features.
+- [ ] Include new tests or update existing tests when applicable.
 
-Unless your change is a trivial or a documentation fix (e.g.,  a typo or reword of a small section) please:
+Unless your change is trivial or a small documentation fix (e.g.,  a typo or reword of a small section) please:
 
-- [ ] Add yourself to `AUTHORS`, in alphabetical order;
+- [ ] Add yourself to `AUTHORS` in alphabetical order;

.gitignore

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ env/
 3rdparty/
 .tox
 .cache
+.pytest_cache
 .coverage
 .ropeproject
 .idea

.travis.yml

@@ -2,10 +2,8 @@ sudo: false
 language: python
 python:
   - '3.6'
-# command to install dependencies
 install:
   - pip install --upgrade --pre tox
-# # command to run tests
 env:
   matrix:
     # coveralls is not listed in tox's envlist, but should run in travis
@@ -29,7 +27,7 @@ env:
     - TOXENV=doctesting
     - TOXENV=docs
 
-matrix:
+jobs:
   include:
     - env: TOXENV=pypy
       python: 'pypy-5.4'
@@ -39,9 +37,22 @@ matrix:
       python: '3.5'
     - env: TOXENV=py37
       python: 'nightly'
-  allow_failures:
-    - env: TOXENV=py37
-      python: 'nightly'
+
+    - stage: deploy
+      python: '3.6'
+      env:
+      install: pip install -U setuptools setuptools_scm
+      script: skip
+      deploy:
+        provider: pypi
+        user: nicoddemus
+        distributions: sdist bdist_wheel
+        skip_upload_docs: true
+        password:
+          secure: xanTgTUu6XDQVqB/0bwJQXoDMnU5tkwZc5koz6mBkkqZhKdNOi2CLoC1XhiSZ+ah24l4V1E0GAqY5kBBcy9d7NVe4WNg4tD095LsHw+CRU6/HCVIFfyk2IZ+FPAlguesCcUiJSXOrlBF+Wj68wEvLoK7EoRFbJeiZ/f91Ww1sbtDlqXABWGHrmhPJL5Wva7o7+wG7JwJowqdZg1pbQExsCc7b53w4v2RBu3D6TJaTAzHiVsW+nUSI67vKI/uf+cR/OixsTfy37wlHgSwihYmrYLFls3V0bSpahCim3bCgMaFZx8S8xrdgJ++PzBCof2HeflFKvW+VCkoYzGEG4NrTWJoNz6ni4red9GdvfjGH3YCjAKS56h9x58zp2E5rpsb/kVq5/45xzV+dq6JRuhQ1nJWjBC6fSKAc/bfwnuFK3EBxNLkvBssLHvsNjj5XG++cB8DdS9wVGUqjpoK4puaXUWFqy4q3S9F86HEsKNgExtieA9qNx+pCIZVs6JCXZNjr0I5eVNzqJIyggNgJG6RyravsU35t9Zd9doL5g4Y7UKmAGTn1Sz24HQ4sMQgXdm2SyD8gEK5je4tlhUvfGtDvMSlstq71kIn9nRpFnqB6MFlbYSEAZmo8dGbCquoUc++6Rum208wcVbrzzVtGlXB/Ow9AbFMYeAGA0+N/K1e59c=
+        on:
+          tags: true
+          repo: pytest-dev/pytest
 
 script: tox --recreate
 

AUTHORS

@@ -3,21 +3,27 @@ merlinux GmbH, Germany, office at merlinux eu
 
 Contributors include::
 
+Aaron Coleman
 Abdeali JK
 Abhijeet Kasurde
 Ahn Ki-Wook
+Alan Velasco
 Alexander Johnson
 Alexei Kozlenok
 Anatoly Bubenkoff
+Anders Hovmöller
 Andras Tim
 Andreas Zeidler
 Andrzej Ostrowski
 Andy Freeland
 Anthon van der Neut
+Anthony Shaw
 Anthony Sottile
 Antony Lee
 Armin Rigo
+Aron Coyle
 Aron Curzon
+Aviral Verma
 Aviv Palivoda
 Barney Gale
 Ben Webb
@@ -25,11 +31,13 @@ Benjamin Peterson
 Bernard Pratz
 Bob Ippolito
 Brian Dorsey
+Brian Maissy
 Brian Okken
 Brianna Laugher
 Bruno Oliveira
 Cal Leeming
 Carl Friedrich Bolz
+Carlos Jenkins
 Ceridwen
 Charles Cloud
 Charnjit SiNGH (CCSJ)
@@ -38,6 +46,7 @@ Christian Boelsen
 Christian Theunert
 Christian Tismer
 Christopher Gilling
+Cyrus Maden
 Daniel Grana
 Daniel Hahler
 Daniel Nuri
@@ -78,12 +87,14 @@ Henk-Jaap Wagenaar
 Hugo van Kemenade
 Hui Wang (coldnight)
 Ian Bicking
+Ian Lesperance
 Jaap Broekhuizen
 Jan Balster
 Janne Vanhala
 Jason R. Coombs
 Javier Domingo Cansino
 Javier Romero
+Jeff Rackauckas
 Jeff Widman
 John Eddie Ayson
 John Towler
@@ -91,13 +102,16 @@ Jon Sonesen
 Jonas Obrist
 Jordan Guymon
 Jordan Moldow
+Jordan Speicher
 Joshua Bronson
 Jurko Gospodnetić
 Justyna Janczyszyn
 Kale Kundert
 Katarzyna Jachim
+Katerina Koukiou
 Kevin Cox
 Kodi B. Arfer
+Kostis Anagnostopoulos
 Lawrence Mitchell
 Lee Kamentsky
 Lev Maximov
@@ -132,22 +146,26 @@ Michael Seifert
 Michal Wajszczuk
 Mihai Capotă
 Mike Lundy
+Miro Hrončok
 Nathaniel Waisbrot
 Ned Batchelder
 Neven Mundar
 Nicolas Delaby
 Oleg Pidsadnyi
+Oleg Sushchenko
 Oliver Bestwalter
 Omar Kohl
 Omer Hadari
 Patrick Hayes
 Paweł Adamczak
+Pedro Algarvio
 Pieter Mulder
 Piotr Banaszkiewicz
 Punyashloka Biswal
 Quentin Pradet
 Ralf Schmitt
 Ran Benita
+Raphael Castaneda
 Raphael Pierzina
 Raquel Alegre
 Ravi Chandra
@@ -174,17 +192,21 @@ Tareq Alayan
 Ted Xiao
 Thomas Grainger
 Thomas Hisch
+Tim Strazny
 Tom Dalton
 Tom Viner
 Trevor Bekolay
 Tyler Goodlet
+Tzu-ping Chung
 Vasily Kuznetsov
 Victor Uriarte
 Vidar T. Fauske
 Vitaly Lashmanov
 Vlad Dragos
+William Lee
 Wouter van Ackooy
 Xuan Luong
 Xuecong Liao
 Zoltán Máté
 Roland Puntaier
+Allan Feldman

CHANGELOG.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.. 
+..
     You should *NOT* be adding new change log entries to this file, this
     file is managed by towncrier. You *may* edit previous change logs to
     fix problems like typo corrections or such.
@@ -8,6 +8,526 @@
 
 .. towncrier release notes start
 
+Pytest 3.6.0 (2018-05-23)
+=========================
+
+Features
+--------
+
+- Revamp the internals of the ``pytest.mark`` implementation with correct per
+  node handling which fixes a number of long standing bugs caused by the old
+  design. This introduces new ``Node.iter_markers(name)`` and
+  ``Node.get_closest_mark(name)`` APIs. Users are **strongly encouraged** to
+  read the `reasons for the revamp in the docs
+  <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/mark.html#marker-revamp-and-iteration>`_,
+  or jump over to details about `updating existing code to use the new APIs
+  <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/mark.html#updating-code>`_. (`#3317
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3317>`_)
+
+- Now when ``@pytest.fixture`` is applied more than once to the same function a
+  ``ValueError`` is raised. This buggy behavior would cause surprising problems
+  and if was working for a test suite it was mostly by accident. (`#2334
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2334>`_)
+
+- Support for Python 3.7's builtin ``breakpoint()`` method, see `Using the
+  builtin breakpoint function
+  <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/usage.html#breakpoint-builtin>`_ for
+  details. (`#3180 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3180>`_)
+
+- ``monkeypatch`` now supports a ``context()`` function which acts as a context
+  manager which undoes all patching done within the ``with`` block. (`#3290
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3290>`_)
+
+- The ``--pdb`` option now causes KeyboardInterrupt to enter the debugger,
+  instead of stopping the test session. On python 2.7, hitting CTRL+C again
+  exits the debugger. On python 3.2 and higher, use CTRL+D. (`#3299
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3299>`_)
+
+- pytest not longer changes the log level of the root logger when the
+  ``log-level`` parameter has greater numeric value than that of the level of
+  the root logger, which makes it play better with custom logging configuration
+  in user code. (`#3307 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3307>`_)
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- A rare race-condition which might result in corrupted ``.pyc`` files on
+  Windows has been hopefully solved. (`#3008
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3008>`_)
+
+- Also use iter_marker for discovering the marks applying for marker
+  expressions from the cli to avoid the bad data from the legacy mark storage.
+  (`#3441 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3441>`_)
+
+- When showing diffs of failed assertions where the contents contain only
+  whitespace, escape them using ``repr()`` first to make it easy to spot the
+  differences. (`#3443 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3443>`_)
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- Change documentation copyright year to a range which auto-updates itself each
+  time it is published. (`#3303
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3303>`_)
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- ``pytest`` now depends on the `python-atomicwrites
+  <https://github.com/untitaker/python-atomicwrites>`_ library. (`#3008
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3008>`_)
+
+- Update all pypi.python.org URLs to pypi.org. (`#3431
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3431>`_)
+
+- Detect `pytest_` prefixed hooks using the internal plugin manager since
+  ``pluggy`` is deprecating the ``implprefix`` argument to ``PluginManager``.
+  (`#3487 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3487>`_)
+
+- Import ``Mapping`` and ``Sequence`` from ``_pytest.compat`` instead of
+  directly from ``collections`` in ``python_api.py::approx``. Add ``Mapping``
+  to ``_pytest.compat``, import it from ``collections`` on python 2, but from
+  ``collections.abc`` on Python 3 to avoid a ``DeprecationWarning`` on Python
+  3.7 or newer. (`#3497 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3497>`_)
+
+
+Pytest 3.5.1 (2018-04-23)
+=========================
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- Reset ``sys.last_type``, ``sys.last_value`` and ``sys.last_traceback`` before
+  each test executes. Those attributes are added by pytest during the test run
+  to aid debugging, but were never reset so they would create a leaking
+  reference to the last failing test's frame which in turn could never be
+  reclaimed by the garbage collector. (`#2798
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2798>`_)
+
+- ``pytest.raises`` now raises ``TypeError`` when receiving an unknown keyword
+  argument. (`#3348 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3348>`_)
+
+- ``pytest.raises`` now works with exception classes that look like iterables.
+  (`#3372 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3372>`_)
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- Fix typo in ``caplog`` fixture documentation, which incorrectly identified
+  certain attributes as methods. (`#3406
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3406>`_)
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- Added a more indicative error message when parametrizing a function whose
+  argument takes a default value. (`#3221
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3221>`_)
+
+- Remove internal ``_pytest.terminal.flatten`` function in favor of
+  ``more_itertools.collapse``. (`#3330
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3330>`_)
+
+- Import some modules from ``collections.abc`` instead of ``collections`` as
+  the former modules trigger ``DeprecationWarning`` in Python 3.7. (`#3339
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3339>`_)
+
+- record_property is no longer experimental, removing the warnings was
+  forgotten. (`#3360 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3360>`_)
+
+- Mention in documentation and CLI help that fixtures with leading ``_`` are
+  printed by ``pytest --fixtures`` only if the ``-v`` option is added. (`#3398
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3398>`_)
+
+
+Pytest 3.5.0 (2018-03-21)
+=========================
+
+Deprecations and Removals
+-------------------------
+
+- ``record_xml_property`` fixture is now deprecated in favor of the more
+  generic ``record_property``. (`#2770
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2770>`_)
+
+- Defining ``pytest_plugins`` is now deprecated in non-top-level conftest.py
+  files, because they "leak" to the entire directory tree. (`#3084
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3084>`_)
+
+
+Features
+--------
+
+- New ``--show-capture`` command-line option that allows to specify how to
+  display captured output when tests fail: ``no``, ``stdout``, ``stderr``,
+  ``log`` or ``all`` (the default). (`#1478
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1478>`_)
+
+- New ``--rootdir`` command-line option to override the rules for discovering
+  the root directory. See `customize
+  <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/customize.html>`_ in the documentation for
+  details. (`#1642 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1642>`_)
+
+- Fixtures are now instantiated based on their scopes, with higher-scoped
+  fixtures (such as ``session``) being instantiated first than lower-scoped
+  fixtures (such as ``function``). The relative order of fixtures of the same
+  scope is kept unchanged, based in their declaration order and their
+  dependencies. (`#2405 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2405>`_)
+
+- ``record_xml_property`` renamed to ``record_property`` and is now compatible
+  with xdist, markers and any reporter. ``record_xml_property`` name is now
+  deprecated. (`#2770 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2770>`_)
+
+- New ``--nf``, ``--new-first`` options: run new tests first followed by the
+  rest of the tests, in both cases tests are also sorted by the file modified
+  time, with more recent files coming first. (`#3034
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3034>`_)
+
+- New ``--last-failed-no-failures`` command-line option that allows to specify
+  the behavior of the cache plugin's ```--last-failed`` feature when no tests
+  failed in the last run (or no cache was found): ``none`` or ``all`` (the
+  default). (`#3139 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3139>`_)
+
+- New ``--doctest-continue-on-failure`` command-line option to enable doctests
+  to show multiple failures for each snippet, instead of stopping at the first
+  failure. (`#3149 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3149>`_)
+
+- Captured log messages are added to the ``<system-out>`` tag in the generated
+  junit xml file if the ``junit_logging`` ini option is set to ``system-out``.
+  If the value of this ini option is ``system-err``, the logs are written to
+  ``<system-err>``. The default value for ``junit_logging`` is ``no``, meaning
+  captured logs are not written to the output file. (`#3156
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3156>`_)
+
+- Allow the logging plugin to handle ``pytest_runtest_logstart`` and
+  ``pytest_runtest_logfinish`` hooks when live logs are enabled. (`#3189
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3189>`_)
+
+- Passing `--log-cli-level` in the command-line now automatically activates
+  live logging. (`#3190 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3190>`_)
+
+- Add command line option ``--deselect`` to allow deselection of individual
+  tests at collection time. (`#3198
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3198>`_)
+
+- Captured logs are printed before entering pdb. (`#3204
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3204>`_)
+
+- Deselected item count is now shown before tests are run, e.g. ``collected X
+  items / Y deselected``. (`#3213
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3213>`_)
+
+- The builtin module ``platform`` is now available for use in expressions in
+  ``pytest.mark``. (`#3236
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3236>`_)
+
+- The *short test summary info* section now is displayed after tracebacks and
+  warnings in the terminal. (`#3255
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3255>`_)
+
+- New ``--verbosity`` flag to set verbosity level explicitly. (`#3296
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3296>`_)
+
+- ``pytest.approx`` now accepts comparing a numpy array with a scalar. (`#3312
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3312>`_)
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- Suppress ``IOError`` when closing the temporary file used for capturing
+  streams in Python 2.7. (`#2370
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2370>`_)
+
+- Fixed ``clear()`` method on ``caplog`` fixture which cleared ``records``, but
+  not the ``text`` property. (`#3297
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3297>`_)
+
+- During test collection, when stdin is not allowed to be read, the
+  ``DontReadFromStdin`` object still allow itself to be iterable and resolved
+  to an iterator without crashing. (`#3314
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3314>`_)
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- Added a `reference <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/reference.html>`_ page
+  to the docs. (`#1713 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1713>`_)
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- Change minimum requirement of ``attrs`` to ``17.4.0``. (`#3228
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3228>`_)
+
+- Renamed example directories so all tests pass when ran from the base
+  directory. (`#3245 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3245>`_)
+
+- Internal ``mark.py`` module has been turned into a package. (`#3250
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3250>`_)
+
+- ``pytest`` now depends on the `more-itertools
+  <https://github.com/erikrose/more-itertools>`_ package. (`#3265
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3265>`_)
+
+- Added warning when ``[pytest]`` section is used in a ``.cfg`` file passed
+  with ``-c`` (`#3268 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3268>`_)
+
+- ``nodeids`` can now be passed explicitly to ``FSCollector`` and ``Node``
+  constructors. (`#3291 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3291>`_)
+
+- Internal refactoring of ``FormattedExcinfo`` to use ``attrs`` facilities and
+  remove old support code for legacy Python versions. (`#3292
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3292>`_)
+
+- Refactoring to unify how verbosity is handled internally. (`#3296
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3296>`_)
+
+- Internal refactoring to better integrate with argparse. (`#3304
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3304>`_)
+
+- Fix a python example when calling a fixture in doc/en/usage.rst (`#3308
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3308>`_)
+
+
+Pytest 3.4.2 (2018-03-04)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- Removed progress information when capture option is ``no``. (`#3203
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3203>`_)
+
+- Refactor check of bindir from ``exists`` to ``isdir``. (`#3241
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3241>`_)
+
+- Fix ``TypeError`` issue when using ``approx`` with a ``Decimal`` value.
+  (`#3247 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3247>`_)
+
+- Fix reference cycle generated when using the ``request`` fixture. (`#3249
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3249>`_)
+
+- ``[tool:pytest]`` sections in ``*.cfg`` files passed by the ``-c`` option are
+  now properly recognized. (`#3260
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3260>`_)
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- Add logging plugin to plugins list. (`#3209
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3209>`_)
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- Fix minor typo in fixture.rst (`#3259
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3259>`_)
+
+
+Pytest 3.4.1 (2018-02-20)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- Move import of ``doctest.UnexpectedException`` to top-level to avoid possible
+  errors when using ``--pdb``. (`#1810
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1810>`_)
+
+- Added printing of captured stdout/stderr before entering pdb, and improved a
+  test which was giving false negatives about output capturing. (`#3052
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3052>`_)
+
+- Fix ordering of tests using parametrized fixtures which can lead to fixtures
+  being created more than necessary. (`#3161
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3161>`_)
+
+- Fix bug where logging happening at hooks outside of "test run" hooks would
+  cause an internal error. (`#3184
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3184>`_)
+
+- Detect arguments injected by ``unittest.mock.patch`` decorator correctly when
+  pypi ``mock.patch`` is installed and imported. (`#3206
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3206>`_)
+
+- Errors shown when a ``pytest.raises()`` with ``match=`` fails are now cleaner
+  on what happened: When no exception was raised, the "matching '...'" part got
+  removed as it falsely implies that an exception was raised but it didn't
+  match. When a wrong exception was raised, it's now thrown (like
+  ``pytest.raised()`` without ``match=`` would) instead of complaining about
+  the unmatched text. (`#3222
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3222>`_)
+
+- Fixed output capture handling in doctests on macOS. (`#985
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/985>`_)
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- Add Sphinx parameter docs for ``match`` and ``message`` args to
+  ``pytest.raises``. (`#3202
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3202>`_)
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- pytest has changed the publication procedure and is now being published to
+  PyPI directly from Travis. (`#3060
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3060>`_)
+
+- Rename ``ParameterSet._for_parameterize()`` to ``_for_parametrize()`` in
+  order to comply with the naming convention. (`#3166
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3166>`_)
+
+- Skip failing pdb/doctest test on mac. (`#985
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/985>`_)
+
+
+Pytest 3.4.0 (2018-01-30)
+=========================
+
+Deprecations and Removals
+-------------------------
+
+- All pytest classes now subclass ``object`` for better Python 2/3 compatibility.
+  This should not affect user code except in very rare edge cases. (`#2147
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2147>`_)
+
+
+Features
+--------
+
+- Introduce ``empty_parameter_set_mark`` ini option to select which mark to
+  apply when ``@pytest.mark.parametrize`` is given an empty set of parameters.
+  Valid options are ``skip`` (default) and ``xfail``. Note that it is planned
+  to change the default to ``xfail`` in future releases as this is considered
+  less error prone. (`#2527
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2527>`_)
+
+- **Incompatible change**: after community feedback the `logging
+  <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/logging.html>`_ functionality has
+  undergone some changes. Please consult the `logging documentation
+  <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/logging.html#incompatible-changes-in-pytest-3-4>`_
+  for details. (`#3013 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3013>`_)
+
+- Console output falls back to "classic" mode when capturing is disabled (``-s``),
+  otherwise the output gets garbled to the point of being useless. (`#3038
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3038>`_)
+
+- New `pytest_runtest_logfinish
+  <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/writing_plugins.html#_pytest.hookspec.pytest_runtest_logfinish>`_
+  hook which is called when a test item has finished executing, analogous to
+  `pytest_runtest_logstart
+  <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/writing_plugins.html#_pytest.hookspec.pytest_runtest_start>`_.
+  (`#3101 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3101>`_)
+
+- Improve performance when collecting tests using many fixtures. (`#3107
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3107>`_)
+
+- New ``caplog.get_records(when)`` method which provides access to the captured
+  records for the ``"setup"``, ``"call"`` and ``"teardown"``
+  testing stages. (`#3117 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3117>`_)
+
+- New fixture ``record_xml_attribute`` that allows modifying and inserting
+  attributes on the ``<testcase>`` xml node in JUnit reports. (`#3130
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3130>`_)
+
+- The default cache directory has been renamed from ``.cache`` to
+  ``.pytest_cache`` after community feedback that the name ``.cache`` did not
+  make it clear that it was used by pytest. (`#3138
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3138>`_)
+
+- Colorize the levelname column in the live-log output. (`#3142
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3142>`_)
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- Fix hanging pexpect test on MacOS by using flush() instead of wait().
+  (`#2022 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2022>`_)
+
+- Fix restoring Python state after in-process pytest runs with the
+  ``pytester`` plugin; this may break tests using multiple inprocess
+  pytest runs if later ones depend on earlier ones leaking global interpreter
+  changes. (`#3016 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3016>`_)
+
+- Fix skipping plugin reporting hook when test aborted before plugin setup
+  hook. (`#3074 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3074>`_)
+
+- Fix progress percentage reported when tests fail during teardown. (`#3088
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3088>`_)
+
+- **Incompatible change**: ``-o/--override`` option no longer eats all the
+  remaining options, which can lead to surprising behavior: for example,
+  ``pytest -o foo=1 /path/to/test.py`` would fail because ``/path/to/test.py``
+  would be considered as part of the ``-o`` command-line argument. One
+  consequence of this is that now multiple configuration overrides need
+  multiple ``-o`` flags: ``pytest -o foo=1 -o bar=2``. (`#3103
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3103>`_)
+
+
+Improved Documentation
+----------------------
+
+- Document hooks (defined with ``historic=True``) which cannot be used with
+  ``hookwrapper=True``. (`#2423
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2423>`_)
+
+- Clarify that warning capturing doesn't change the warning filter by default.
+  (`#2457 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2457>`_)
+
+- Clarify a possible confusion when using pytest_fixture_setup with fixture
+  functions that return None. (`#2698
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2698>`_)
+
+- Fix the wording of a sentence on doctest flags used in pytest. (`#3076
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3076>`_)
+
+- Prefer ``https://*.readthedocs.io`` over ``http://*.rtfd.org`` for links in
+  the documentation. (`#3092
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3092>`_)
+
+- Improve readability (wording, grammar) of Getting Started guide (`#3131
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3131>`_)
+
+- Added note that calling pytest.main multiple times from the same process is
+  not recommended because of import caching. (`#3143
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3143>`_)
+
+
+Trivial/Internal Changes
+------------------------
+
+- Show a simple and easy error when keyword expressions trigger a syntax error
+  (for example, ``"-k foo and import"`` will show an error that you can not use
+  the ``import`` keyword in expressions). (`#2953
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2953>`_)
+
+- Change parametrized automatic test id generation to use the ``__name__``
+  attribute of functions instead of the fallback argument name plus counter.
+  (`#2976 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2976>`_)
+
+- Replace py.std with stdlib imports. (`#3067
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3067>`_)
+
+- Corrected 'you' to 'your' in logging docs. (`#3129
+  <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3129>`_)
+
+
 Pytest 3.3.2 (2017-12-25)
 =========================
 
@@ -21,8 +541,7 @@ Bug Fixes
   by the garbage collector. (`#2981
   <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2981>`_)
 
-- Fix conversion of pyargs to filename to not convert symlinks and not use
-  deprecated features on Python 3. (`#2985
+- Fix conversion of pyargs to filename to not convert symlinks on Python 2. (`#2985
   <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2985>`_)
 
 - ``PYTEST_DONT_REWRITE`` is now checked for plugins too rather than only for
@@ -148,7 +667,7 @@ Features
 - Match ``warns`` signature to ``raises`` by adding ``match`` keyword. (`#2708
   <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2708>`_)
 
-- Pytest now captures and displays output from the standard `logging` module.
+- Pytest now captures and displays output from the standard ``logging`` module.
   The user can control the logging level to be captured by specifying options
   in ``pytest.ini``, the command line and also during individual tests using
   markers. Also, a ``caplog`` fixture is available that enables users to test
@@ -773,7 +1292,7 @@ Changes
 * Testcase reports with a ``url`` attribute will now properly write this to junitxml.
   Thanks `@fushi`_ for the PR (`#1874`_).
 
-* Remove common items from dict comparision output when verbosity=1. Also update
+* Remove common items from dict comparison output when verbosity=1. Also update
   the truncation message to make it clearer that pytest truncates all
   assertion messages if verbosity < 2 (`#1512`_).
   Thanks `@mattduck`_ for the PR
@@ -785,7 +1304,7 @@ Changes
 * fix `#2013`_: turn RecordedWarning into ``namedtuple``,
   to give it a comprehensible repr while preventing unwarranted modification.
 
-* fix `#2208`_: ensure a iteration limit for _pytest.compat.get_real_func.
+* fix `#2208`_: ensure an iteration limit for _pytest.compat.get_real_func.
   Thanks `@RonnyPfannschmidt`_ for the report and PR.
 
 * Hooks are now verified after collection is complete, rather than right after loading installed plugins. This
@@ -889,7 +1408,7 @@ Bug Fixes
   Notably, importing the ``anydbm`` module is fixed. (`#2248`_).
   Thanks `@pfhayes`_ for the PR.
 
-* junitxml: Fix problematic case where system-out tag occured twice per testcase
+* junitxml: Fix problematic case where system-out tag occurred twice per testcase
   element in the XML report. Thanks `@kkoukiou`_ for the PR.
 
 * Fix regression, pytest now skips unittest correctly if run with ``--pdb``
@@ -2485,7 +3004,7 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
   "::" node id specifications (copy pasted from "-v" output)
 
 - fix issue544 by only removing "@NUM" at the end of "::" separated parts
-  and if the part has an ".py" extension
+  and if the part has a ".py" extension
 
 - don't use py.std import helper, rather import things directly.
   Thanks Bruno Oliveira.
@@ -2756,7 +3275,7 @@ time or change existing behaviors in order to make them less surprising/more use
 
   would not work correctly because pytest assumes @pytest.mark.some
   gets a function to be decorated already.  We now at least detect if this
-  arg is an lambda and thus the example will work.  Thanks Alex Gaynor
+  arg is a lambda and thus the example will work.  Thanks Alex Gaynor
   for bringing it up.
 
 - xfail a test on pypy that checks wrong encoding/ascii (pypy does
@@ -3069,7 +3588,7 @@ Bug fixes:
   rather use the post-2.0 parametrize features instead of yield, see:
   http://pytest.org/latest/example/parametrize.html
 - fix autouse-issue where autouse-fixtures would not be discovered
-  if defined in a a/conftest.py file and tests in a/tests/test_some.py
+  if defined in an a/conftest.py file and tests in a/tests/test_some.py
 - fix issue226 - LIFO ordering for fixture teardowns
 - fix issue224 - invocations with >256 char arguments now work
 - fix issue91 - add/discuss package/directory level setups in example
@@ -3639,7 +4158,7 @@ Bug fixes:
 - make path.bestrelpath(path) return ".", note that when calling
   X.bestrelpath the assumption is that X is a directory.
 - make initial conftest discovery ignore "--" prefixed arguments
-- fix resultlog plugin when used in an multicpu/multihost xdist situation
+- fix resultlog plugin when used in a multicpu/multihost xdist situation
   (thanks Jakub Gustak)
 - perform distributed testing related reporting in the xdist-plugin
   rather than having dist-related code in the generic py.test

CONTRIBUTING.rst

@@ -48,8 +48,7 @@ fix the bug itself.
 Fix bugs
 --------
 
-Look through the GitHub issues for bugs.  Here is a filter you can use:
-https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/labels/type%3A%20bug
+Look through the `GitHub issues for bugs <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/labels/type:%20bug>`_.
 
 :ref:`Talk <contact>` to developers to find out how you can fix specific bugs.
 
@@ -60,8 +59,7 @@ Don't forget to check the issue trackers of your favourite plugins, too!
 Implement features
 ------------------
 
-Look through the GitHub issues for enhancements.  Here is a filter you can use:
-https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/labels/enhancement
+Look through the `GitHub issues for enhancements <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/labels/type:%20enhancement>`_.
 
 :ref:`Talk <contact>` to developers to find out how you can implement specific
 features.

HOWTORELEASE.rst

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ taking a lot of time to make a new one.
 
 #. Install development dependencies in a virtual environment with::
 
-    pip3 install -r tasks/requirements.txt
+    pip3 install -U -r tasks/requirements.txt
 
 #. Create a branch ``release-X.Y.Z`` with the version for the release.
 
@@ -22,44 +22,28 @@ taking a lot of time to make a new one.
 
    Ensure your are in a clean work tree.
 
-#. Generate docs, changelog, announcements and upload a package to
-   your ``devpi`` staging server::
+#. Generate docs, changelog, announcements and a **local** tag::
 
-     invoke generate.pre-release <VERSION> <DEVPI USER> --password <DEVPI PASSWORD>
-
-   If ``--password`` is not given, it is assumed the user is already logged in ``devpi``.
-   If you don't have an account, please ask for one.
+     invoke generate.pre-release <VERSION>
 
 #. Open a PR for this branch targeting ``master``.
 
-#. Test the package
+#. After all tests pass and the PR has been approved, publish to PyPI by pushing the tag::
 
-   * **Manual method**
+     git push git@github.com:pytest-dev/pytest.git <VERSION>
 
-     Run from multiple machines::
+   Wait for the deploy to complete, then make sure it is `available on PyPI <https://pypi.org/project/pytest>`_.
 
-       devpi use https://devpi.net/USER/dev
-       devpi test pytest==VERSION
+#. Send an email announcement with the contents from::
 
-     Check that tests pass for relevant combinations with::
+     doc/en/announce/release-<VERSION>.rst
 
-       devpi list pytest
+   To the following mailing lists:
 
-   * **CI servers**
+   * pytest-dev@python.org (all releases)
+   * python-announce-list@python.org (all releases)
+   * testing-in-python@lists.idyll.org (only major/minor releases)
 
-     Configure a repository as per-instructions on
-     devpi-cloud-test_ to test the package on Travis_ and AppVeyor_.
-     All test environments should pass.
-
-#. Publish to PyPI::
-
-      invoke generate.publish-release <VERSION> <DEVPI USER> <PYPI_NAME>
-
-   where PYPI_NAME is the name of pypi.python.org as configured in your ``~/.pypirc``
-   file `for devpi <http://doc.devpi.net/latest/quickstart-releaseprocess.html?highlight=pypirc#devpi-push-releasing-to-an-external-index>`_.
+   And announce it on `Twitter <https://twitter.com/>`_ with the ``#pytest`` hashtag.
 
 #. After a minor/major release, merge ``release-X.Y.Z`` into ``master`` and push (or open a PR).
-
-.. _devpi-cloud-test: https://github.com/obestwalter/devpi-cloud-test
-.. _AppVeyor: https://www.appveyor.com/
-.. _Travis: https://travis-ci.org

README.rst

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@
 ------
 
 .. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/pytest.svg
-    :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest
+    :target: https://pypi.org/project/pytest/
 
-.. image:: https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/pytest/badges/version.svg
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/conda/vn/conda-forge/pytest.svg
     :target: https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/pytest
 
 .. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/pytest.svg
-    :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest
+    :target: https://pypi.org/project/pytest/
 
 .. image:: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/pytest-dev/pytest/master.svg
     :target: https://coveralls.io/r/pytest-dev/pytest
@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@
 .. image:: https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/mrgbjaua7t33pg6b?svg=true
     :target: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/pytestbot/pytest
 
+.. image:: https://www.codetriage.com/pytest-dev/pytest/badges/users.svg
+    :target: https://www.codetriage.com/pytest-dev/pytest
+
 The ``pytest`` framework makes it easy to write small tests, yet
 scales to support complex functional testing for applications and libraries.
 

_pytest/_argcomplete.py

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ import os
 from glob import glob
 
 
-class FastFilesCompleter:
+class FastFilesCompleter(object):
     'Fast file completer class'
 
     def __init__(self, directories=True):

_pytest/_code/code.py

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+import inspect
 import sys
+import traceback
 from inspect import CO_VARARGS, CO_VARKEYWORDS
+
+import attr
 import re
 from weakref import ref
 from _pytest.compat import _PY2, _PY3, PY35, safe_str
@@ -422,7 +426,7 @@ class ExceptionInfo(object):
         """
         if style == 'native':
             return ReprExceptionInfo(ReprTracebackNative(
-                py.std.traceback.format_exception(
+                traceback.format_exception(
                     self.type,
                     self.value,
                     self.traceback[0]._rawentry,
@@ -456,19 +460,19 @@ class ExceptionInfo(object):
         return True
 
 
+@attr.s
 class FormattedExcinfo(object):
     """ presenting information about failing Functions and Generators. """
     # for traceback entries
     flow_marker = ">"
     fail_marker = "E"
 
-    def __init__(self, showlocals=False, style="long", abspath=True, tbfilter=True, funcargs=False):
-        self.showlocals = showlocals
-        self.style = style
-        self.tbfilter = tbfilter
-        self.funcargs = funcargs
-        self.abspath = abspath
-        self.astcache = {}
+    showlocals = attr.ib(default=False)
+    style = attr.ib(default="long")
+    abspath = attr.ib(default=True)
+    tbfilter = attr.ib(default=True)
+    funcargs = attr.ib(default=False)
+    astcache = attr.ib(default=attr.Factory(dict), init=False, repr=False)
 
     def _getindent(self, source):
         # figure out indent for given source
@@ -556,7 +560,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo(object):
                     # else:
                     #    self._line("%-10s =\\" % (name,))
                     #    # XXX
-                    #    py.std.pprint.pprint(value, stream=self.excinfowriter)
+                    #    pprint.pprint(value, stream=self.excinfowriter)
             return ReprLocals(lines)
 
     def repr_traceback_entry(self, entry, excinfo=None):
@@ -669,7 +673,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo(object):
                 else:
                     # fallback to native repr if the exception doesn't have a traceback:
                     # ExceptionInfo objects require a full traceback to work
-                    reprtraceback = ReprTracebackNative(py.std.traceback.format_exception(type(e), e, None))
+                    reprtraceback = ReprTracebackNative(traceback.format_exception(type(e), e, None))
                     reprcrash = None
 
                 repr_chain += [(reprtraceback, reprcrash, descr)]
@@ -886,7 +890,7 @@ def getrawcode(obj, trycall=True):
         obj = getattr(obj, 'f_code', obj)
         obj = getattr(obj, '__code__', obj)
         if trycall and not hasattr(obj, 'co_firstlineno'):
-            if hasattr(obj, '__call__') and not py.std.inspect.isclass(obj):
+            if hasattr(obj, '__call__') and not inspect.isclass(obj):
                 x = getrawcode(obj.__call__, trycall=False)
                 if hasattr(x, 'co_firstlineno'):
                     return x

_pytest/_code/source.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from __future__ import absolute_import, division, generators, print_function
 import ast
 from ast import PyCF_ONLY_AST as _AST_FLAG
 from bisect import bisect_right
+import linecache
 import sys
 import six
 import inspect
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ cpy_compile = compile
 
 
 class Source(object):
-    """ a immutable object holding a source code fragment,
+    """ an immutable object holding a source code fragment,
         possibly deindenting it.
     """
     _compilecounter = 0
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ class Source(object):
         for part in parts:
             if not part:
                 partlines = []
-            if isinstance(part, Source):
+            elif isinstance(part, Source):
                 partlines = part.lines
             elif isinstance(part, (tuple, list)):
                 partlines = [x.rstrip("\n") for x in part]
@@ -97,14 +98,14 @@ class Source(object):
         newsource.lines = [(indent + line) for line in self.lines]
         return newsource
 
-    def getstatement(self, lineno, assertion=False):
+    def getstatement(self, lineno):
         """ return Source statement which contains the
             given linenumber (counted from 0).
         """
-        start, end = self.getstatementrange(lineno, assertion)
+        start, end = self.getstatementrange(lineno)
         return self[start:end]
 
-    def getstatementrange(self, lineno, assertion=False):
+    def getstatementrange(self, lineno):
         """ return (start, end) tuple which spans the minimal
             statement region which containing the given lineno.
         """
@@ -130,13 +131,7 @@ class Source(object):
         """ return True if source is parseable, heuristically
             deindenting it by default.
         """
-        try:
-            import parser
-        except ImportError:
-            def syntax_checker(x):
-                return compile(x, 'asd', 'exec')
-        else:
-            syntax_checker = parser.suite
+        from parser import suite as syntax_checker
 
         if deindent:
             source = str(self.deindent())
@@ -191,7 +186,7 @@ class Source(object):
             if flag & _AST_FLAG:
                 return co
             lines = [(x + "\n") for x in self.lines]
-            py.std.linecache.cache[filename] = (1, None, lines, filename)
+            linecache.cache[filename] = (1, None, lines, filename)
             return co
 
 #
@@ -218,13 +213,12 @@ def getfslineno(obj):
     """ Return source location (path, lineno) for the given object.
     If the source cannot be determined return ("", -1)
     """
-    import _pytest._code
+    from .code import Code
     try:
-        code = _pytest._code.Code(obj)
+        code = Code(obj)
     except TypeError:
         try:
-            fn = (py.std.inspect.getsourcefile(obj) or
-                  py.std.inspect.getfile(obj))
+            fn = inspect.getsourcefile(obj) or inspect.getfile(obj)
         except TypeError:
             return "", -1
 
@@ -248,7 +242,7 @@ def getfslineno(obj):
 
 def findsource(obj):
     try:
-        sourcelines, lineno = py.std.inspect.findsource(obj)
+        sourcelines, lineno = inspect.findsource(obj)
     except py.builtin._sysex:
         raise
     except:  # noqa
@@ -259,8 +253,8 @@ def findsource(obj):
 
 
 def getsource(obj, **kwargs):
-    import _pytest._code
-    obj = _pytest._code.getrawcode(obj)
+    from .code import getrawcode
+    obj = getrawcode(obj)
     try:
         strsrc = inspect.getsource(obj)
     except IndentationError:
@@ -286,8 +280,6 @@ def deindent(lines, offset=None):
     def readline_generator(lines):
         for line in lines:
             yield line + '\n'
-        while True:
-            yield ''
 
     it = readline_generator(lines)
 
@@ -318,9 +310,9 @@ def get_statement_startend2(lineno, node):
     # AST's line numbers start indexing at 1
     values = []
     for x in ast.walk(node):
-        if isinstance(x, ast.stmt) or isinstance(x, ast.ExceptHandler):
+        if isinstance(x, (ast.stmt, ast.ExceptHandler)):
             values.append(x.lineno - 1)
-            for name in "finalbody", "orelse":
+            for name in ("finalbody", "orelse"):
                 val = getattr(x, name, None)
                 if val:
                     # treat the finally/orelse part as its own statement
@@ -338,11 +330,8 @@ def get_statement_startend2(lineno, node):
 def getstatementrange_ast(lineno, source, assertion=False, astnode=None):
     if astnode is None:
         content = str(source)
-        try:
-            astnode = compile(content, "source", "exec", 1024)  # 1024 for AST
-        except ValueError:
-            start, end = getstatementrange_old(lineno, source, assertion)
-            return None, start, end
+        astnode = compile(content, "source", "exec", 1024)  # 1024 for AST
+
     start, end = get_statement_startend2(lineno, astnode)
     # we need to correct the end:
     # - ast-parsing strips comments
@@ -374,38 +363,3 @@ def getstatementrange_ast(lineno, source, assertion=False, astnode=None):
         else:
             break
     return astnode, start, end
-
-
-def getstatementrange_old(lineno, source, assertion=False):
-    """ return (start, end) tuple which spans the minimal
-        statement region which containing the given lineno.
-        raise an IndexError if no such statementrange can be found.
-    """
-    # XXX this logic is only used on python2.4 and below
-    # 1. find the start of the statement
-    from codeop import compile_command
-    for start in range(lineno, -1, -1):
-        if assertion:
-            line = source.lines[start]
-            # the following lines are not fully tested, change with care
-            if 'super' in line and 'self' in line and '__init__' in line:
-                raise IndexError("likely a subclass")
-            if "assert" not in line and "raise" not in line:
-                continue
-        trylines = source.lines[start:lineno + 1]
-        # quick hack to prepare parsing an indented line with
-        # compile_command() (which errors on "return" outside defs)
-        trylines.insert(0, 'def xxx():')
-        trysource = '\n '.join(trylines)
-        #              ^ space here
-        try:
-            compile_command(trysource)
-        except (SyntaxError, OverflowError, ValueError):
-            continue
-
-        # 2. find the end of the statement
-        for end in range(lineno + 1, len(source) + 1):
-            trysource = source[start:end]
-            if trysource.isparseable():
-                return start, end
-    raise SyntaxError("no valid source range around line %d " % (lineno,))

_pytest/assertion/__init__.py

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class DummyRewriteHook(object):
         pass
 
 
-class AssertionState:
+class AssertionState(object):
     """State for the assertion plugin."""
 
     def __init__(self, config, mode):

_pytest/assertion/rewrite.py

@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ import struct
 import sys
 import types
 
+import atomicwrites
 import py
+
 from _pytest.assertion import util
 
 
@@ -140,7 +142,7 @@ class AssertionRewritingHook(object):
                 # Probably a SyntaxError in the test.
                 return None
             if write:
-                _make_rewritten_pyc(state, source_stat, pyc, co)
+                _write_pyc(state, co, source_stat, pyc)
         else:
             state.trace("found cached rewritten pyc for %r" % (fn,))
         self.modules[name] = co, pyc
@@ -258,22 +260,21 @@ def _write_pyc(state, co, source_stat, pyc):
     # sometime to be able to use imp.load_compiled to load them. (See
     # the comment in load_module above.)
     try:
-        fp = open(pyc, "wb")
-    except IOError:
-        err = sys.exc_info()[1].errno
-        state.trace("error writing pyc file at %s: errno=%s" % (pyc, err))
+        with atomicwrites.atomic_write(pyc, mode="wb", overwrite=True) as fp:
+            fp.write(imp.get_magic())
+            mtime = int(source_stat.mtime)
+            size = source_stat.size & 0xFFFFFFFF
+            fp.write(struct.pack("<ll", mtime, size))
+            if six.PY2:
+                marshal.dump(co, fp.file)
+            else:
+                marshal.dump(co, fp)
+    except EnvironmentError as e:
+        state.trace("error writing pyc file at %s: errno=%s" % (pyc, e.errno))
         # we ignore any failure to write the cache file
         # there are many reasons, permission-denied, __pycache__ being a
         # file etc.
         return False
-    try:
-        fp.write(imp.get_magic())
-        mtime = int(source_stat.mtime)
-        size = source_stat.size & 0xFFFFFFFF
-        fp.write(struct.pack("<ll", mtime, size))
-        marshal.dump(co, fp)
-    finally:
-        fp.close()
     return True
 
 
@@ -338,20 +339,6 @@ def _rewrite_test(config, fn):
     return stat, co
 
 
-def _make_rewritten_pyc(state, source_stat, pyc, co):
-    """Try to dump rewritten code to *pyc*."""
-    if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
-        # Windows grants exclusive access to open files and doesn't have atomic
-        # rename, so just write into the final file.
-        _write_pyc(state, co, source_stat, pyc)
-    else:
-        # When not on windows, assume rename is atomic. Dump the code object
-        # into a file specific to this process and atomically replace it.
-        proc_pyc = pyc + "." + str(os.getpid())
-        if _write_pyc(state, co, source_stat, proc_pyc):
-            os.rename(proc_pyc, pyc)
-
-
 def _read_pyc(source, pyc, trace=lambda x: None):
     """Possibly read a pytest pyc containing rewritten code.
 

_pytest/assertion/util.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import pprint
 import _pytest._code
 import py
 import six
-from collections import Sequence
+from ..compat import Sequence
 
 u = six.text_type
 
@@ -171,10 +171,22 @@ def _diff_text(left, right, verbose=False):
     """
     from difflib import ndiff
     explanation = []
+
+    def escape_for_readable_diff(binary_text):
+        """
+        Ensures that the internal string is always valid unicode, converting any bytes safely to valid unicode.
+        This is done using repr() which then needs post-processing to fix the encompassing quotes and un-escape
+        newlines and carriage returns (#429).
+        """
+        r = six.text_type(repr(binary_text)[1:-1])
+        r = r.replace(r'\n', '\n')
+        r = r.replace(r'\r', '\r')
+        return r
+
     if isinstance(left, six.binary_type):
-        left = u(repr(left)[1:-1]).replace(r'\n', '\n')
+        left = escape_for_readable_diff(left)
     if isinstance(right, six.binary_type):
-        right = u(repr(right)[1:-1]).replace(r'\n', '\n')
+        right = escape_for_readable_diff(right)
     if not verbose:
         i = 0  # just in case left or right has zero length
         for i in range(min(len(left), len(right))):
@@ -197,6 +209,10 @@ def _diff_text(left, right, verbose=False):
                 left = left[:-i]
                 right = right[:-i]
     keepends = True
+    if left.isspace() or right.isspace():
+        left = repr(str(left))
+        right = repr(str(right))
+        explanation += [u'Strings contain only whitespace, escaping them using repr()']
     explanation += [line.strip('\n')
                     for line in ndiff(left.splitlines(keepends),
                                       right.splitlines(keepends))]

_pytest/cacheprovider.py

@@ -5,7 +5,12 @@ the name cache was not chosen to ensure pluggy automatically
 ignores the external pytest-cache
 """
 from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
 import py
+import six
+
 import pytest
 import json
 import os
@@ -17,7 +22,7 @@ class Cache(object):
         self.config = config
         self._cachedir = Cache.cache_dir_from_config(config)
         self.trace = config.trace.root.get("cache")
-        if config.getvalue("cacheclear"):
+        if config.getoption("cacheclear"):
             self.trace("clearing cachedir")
             if self._cachedir.check():
                 self._cachedir.remove()
@@ -98,23 +103,25 @@ class Cache(object):
                 json.dump(value, f, indent=2, sort_keys=True)
 
 
-class LFPlugin:
+class LFPlugin(object):
     """ Plugin which implements the --lf (run last-failing) option """
 
     def __init__(self, config):
         self.config = config
         active_keys = 'lf', 'failedfirst'
-        self.active = any(config.getvalue(key) for key in active_keys)
+        self.active = any(config.getoption(key) for key in active_keys)
         self.lastfailed = config.cache.get("cache/lastfailed", {})
         self._previously_failed_count = None
+        self._no_failures_behavior = self.config.getoption('last_failed_no_failures')
 
     def pytest_report_collectionfinish(self):
         if self.active:
             if not self._previously_failed_count:
-                mode = "run all (no recorded failures)"
+                mode = "run {} (no recorded failures)".format(self._no_failures_behavior)
             else:
                 noun = 'failure' if self._previously_failed_count == 1 else 'failures'
-                suffix = " first" if self.config.getvalue("failedfirst") else ""
+                suffix = " first" if self.config.getoption(
+                    "failedfirst") else ""
                 mode = "rerun previous {count} {noun}{suffix}".format(
                     count=self._previously_failed_count, suffix=suffix, noun=noun
                 )
@@ -138,28 +145,32 @@ class LFPlugin:
             self.lastfailed[report.nodeid] = True
 
     def pytest_collection_modifyitems(self, session, config, items):
-        if self.active and self.lastfailed:
-            previously_failed = []
-            previously_passed = []
-            for item in items:
-                if item.nodeid in self.lastfailed:
-                    previously_failed.append(item)
+        if self.active:
+            if self.lastfailed:
+                previously_failed = []
+                previously_passed = []
+                for item in items:
+                    if item.nodeid in self.lastfailed:
+                        previously_failed.append(item)
+                    else:
+                        previously_passed.append(item)
+                self._previously_failed_count = len(previously_failed)
+                if not previously_failed:
+                    # running a subset of all tests with recorded failures outside
+                    # of the set of tests currently executing
+                    return
+                if self.config.getoption("lf"):
+                    items[:] = previously_failed
+                    config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=previously_passed)
                 else:
-                    previously_passed.append(item)
-            self._previously_failed_count = len(previously_failed)
-            if not previously_failed:
-                # running a subset of all tests with recorded failures outside
-                # of the set of tests currently executing
-                return
-            if self.config.getvalue("lf"):
-                items[:] = previously_failed
-                config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=previously_passed)
-            else:
-                items[:] = previously_failed + previously_passed
+                    items[:] = previously_failed + previously_passed
+            elif self._no_failures_behavior == 'none':
+                config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=items)
+                items[:] = []
 
     def pytest_sessionfinish(self, session):
         config = self.config
-        if config.getvalue("cacheshow") or hasattr(config, "slaveinput"):
+        if config.getoption("cacheshow") or hasattr(config, "slaveinput"):
             return
 
         saved_lastfailed = config.cache.get("cache/lastfailed", {})
@@ -167,6 +178,39 @@ class LFPlugin:
             config.cache.set("cache/lastfailed", self.lastfailed)
 
 
+class NFPlugin(object):
+    """ Plugin which implements the --nf (run new-first) option """
+
+    def __init__(self, config):
+        self.config = config
+        self.active = config.option.newfirst
+        self.cached_nodeids = config.cache.get("cache/nodeids", [])
+
+    def pytest_collection_modifyitems(self, session, config, items):
+        if self.active:
+            new_items = OrderedDict()
+            other_items = OrderedDict()
+            for item in items:
+                if item.nodeid not in self.cached_nodeids:
+                    new_items[item.nodeid] = item
+                else:
+                    other_items[item.nodeid] = item
+
+            items[:] = self._get_increasing_order(six.itervalues(new_items)) + \
+                self._get_increasing_order(six.itervalues(other_items))
+        self.cached_nodeids = [x.nodeid for x in items if isinstance(x, pytest.Item)]
+
+    def _get_increasing_order(self, items):
+        return sorted(items, key=lambda item: item.fspath.mtime(), reverse=True)
+
+    def pytest_sessionfinish(self, session):
+        config = self.config
+        if config.getoption("cacheshow") or hasattr(config, "slaveinput"):
+            return
+
+        config.cache.set("cache/nodeids", self.cached_nodeids)
+
+
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("general")
     group.addoption(
@@ -178,6 +222,10 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
         help="run all tests but run the last failures first.  "
              "This may re-order tests and thus lead to "
              "repeated fixture setup/teardown")
+    group.addoption(
+        '--nf', '--new-first', action='store_true', dest="newfirst",
+        help="run tests from new files first, then the rest of the tests "
+             "sorted by file mtime")
     group.addoption(
         '--cache-show', action='store_true', dest="cacheshow",
         help="show cache contents, don't perform collection or tests")
@@ -185,8 +233,14 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
         '--cache-clear', action='store_true', dest="cacheclear",
         help="remove all cache contents at start of test run.")
     parser.addini(
-        "cache_dir", default='.cache',
+        "cache_dir", default='.pytest_cache',
         help="cache directory path.")
+    group.addoption(
+        '--lfnf', '--last-failed-no-failures', action='store',
+        dest='last_failed_no_failures', choices=('all', 'none'), default='all',
+        help='change the behavior when no test failed in the last run or no '
+             'information about the last failures was found in the cache'
+    )
 
 
 def pytest_cmdline_main(config):
@@ -199,6 +253,7 @@ def pytest_cmdline_main(config):
 def pytest_configure(config):
     config.cache = Cache(config)
     config.pluginmanager.register(LFPlugin(config), "lfplugin")
+    config.pluginmanager.register(NFPlugin(config), "nfplugin")
 
 
 @pytest.fixture

_pytest/capture.py

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def pytest_load_initial_conftests(early_config, parser, args):
         sys.stderr.write(err)
 
 
-class CaptureManager:
+class CaptureManager(object):
     """
     Capture plugin, manages that the appropriate capture method is enabled/disabled during collection and each
     test phase (setup, call, teardown). After each of those points, the captured output is obtained and
@@ -197,9 +197,9 @@ def _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, name):
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def capsys(request):
-    """Enable capturing of writes to sys.stdout/sys.stderr and make
+    """Enable capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr`` and make
     captured output available via ``capsys.readouterr()`` method calls
-    which return a ``(out, err)`` tuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text``
+    which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text``
     objects.
     """
     _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, 'capsys')
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ def capsys(request):
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def capsysbinary(request):
-    """Enable capturing of writes to sys.stdout/sys.stderr and make
+    """Enable capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr`` and make
     captured output available via ``capsys.readouterr()`` method calls
     which return a ``(out, err)`` tuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``bytes``
     objects.
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ def capsysbinary(request):
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def capfd(request):
-    """Enable capturing of writes to file descriptors 1 and 2 and make
+    """Enable capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2`` and make
     captured output available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method calls
     which return a ``(out, err)`` tuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text``
     objects.
@@ -271,7 +271,11 @@ def _install_capture_fixture_on_item(request, capture_class):
     del request.node._capture_fixture
 
 
-class CaptureFixture:
+class CaptureFixture(object):
+    """
+    Object returned by :py:func:`capsys`, :py:func:`capsysbinary`, :py:func:`capfd` and :py:func:`capfdbinary`
+    fixtures.
+    """
     def __init__(self, captureclass, request):
         self.captureclass = captureclass
         self.request = request
@@ -288,6 +292,10 @@ class CaptureFixture:
             cap.stop_capturing()
 
     def readouterr(self):
+        """Read and return the captured output so far, resetting the internal buffer.
+
+        :return: captured content as a namedtuple with  ``out`` and ``err`` string attributes
+        """
         try:
             return self._capture.readouterr()
         except AttributeError:
@@ -295,6 +303,7 @@ class CaptureFixture:
 
     @contextlib.contextmanager
     def disabled(self):
+        """Temporarily disables capture while inside the 'with' block."""
         self._capture.suspend_capturing()
         capmanager = self.request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin('capturemanager')
         capmanager.suspend_global_capture(item=None, in_=False)
@@ -306,7 +315,7 @@ class CaptureFixture:
 
 
 def safe_text_dupfile(f, mode, default_encoding="UTF8"):
-    """ return a open text file object that's a duplicate of f on the
+    """ return an open text file object that's a duplicate of f on the
         FD-level if possible.
     """
     encoding = getattr(f, "encoding", None)
@@ -416,11 +425,11 @@ class MultiCapture(object):
                              self.err.snap() if self.err is not None else "")
 
 
-class NoCapture:
+class NoCapture(object):
     __init__ = start = done = suspend = resume = lambda *args: None
 
 
-class FDCaptureBinary:
+class FDCaptureBinary(object):
     """Capture IO to/from a given os-level filedescriptor.
 
     snap() produces `bytes`
@@ -476,7 +485,7 @@ class FDCaptureBinary:
         os.dup2(targetfd_save, self.targetfd)
         os.close(targetfd_save)
         self.syscapture.done()
-        self.tmpfile.close()
+        _attempt_to_close_capture_file(self.tmpfile)
 
     def suspend(self):
         self.syscapture.suspend()
@@ -506,7 +515,7 @@ class FDCapture(FDCaptureBinary):
         return res
 
 
-class SysCapture:
+class SysCapture(object):
     def __init__(self, fd, tmpfile=None):
         name = patchsysdict[fd]
         self._old = getattr(sys, name)
@@ -530,7 +539,7 @@ class SysCapture:
     def done(self):
         setattr(sys, self.name, self._old)
         del self._old
-        self.tmpfile.close()
+        _attempt_to_close_capture_file(self.tmpfile)
 
     def suspend(self):
         setattr(sys, self.name, self._old)
@@ -551,7 +560,7 @@ class SysCaptureBinary(SysCapture):
         return res
 
 
-class DontReadFromInput:
+class DontReadFromInput(six.Iterator):
     """Temporary stub class.  Ideally when stdin is accessed, the
     capturing should be turned off, with possibly all data captured
     so far sent to the screen.  This should be configurable, though,
@@ -565,7 +574,10 @@ class DontReadFromInput:
         raise IOError("reading from stdin while output is captured")
     readline = read
     readlines = read
-    __iter__ = read
+    __next__ = read
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
 
     def fileno(self):
         raise UnsupportedOperation("redirected stdin is pseudofile, "
@@ -681,3 +693,14 @@ def _py36_windowsconsoleio_workaround(stream):
     sys.__stdin__ = sys.stdin = _reopen_stdio(sys.stdin, 'rb')
     sys.__stdout__ = sys.stdout = _reopen_stdio(sys.stdout, 'wb')
     sys.__stderr__ = sys.stderr = _reopen_stdio(sys.stderr, 'wb')
+
+
+def _attempt_to_close_capture_file(f):
+    """Suppress IOError when closing the temporary file used for capturing streams in py27 (#2370)"""
+    if six.PY2:
+        try:
+            f.close()
+        except IOError:
+            pass
+    else:
+        f.close()

_pytest/compat.py

@@ -38,6 +38,14 @@ PY35 = sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 5)
 PY36 = sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 6)
 MODULE_NOT_FOUND_ERROR = 'ModuleNotFoundError' if PY36 else 'ImportError'
 
+if _PY3:
+    from collections.abc import MutableMapping as MappingMixin  # noqa
+    from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence  # noqa
+else:
+    # those raise DeprecationWarnings in Python >=3.7
+    from collections import MutableMapping as MappingMixin  # noqa
+    from collections import Mapping, Sequence  # noqa
+
 
 def _format_args(func):
     return str(signature(func))
@@ -79,10 +87,11 @@ def num_mock_patch_args(function):
     patchings = getattr(function, "patchings", None)
     if not patchings:
         return 0
-    mock = sys.modules.get("mock", sys.modules.get("unittest.mock", None))
-    if mock is not None:
+    mock_modules = [sys.modules.get("mock"), sys.modules.get("unittest.mock")]
+    if any(mock_modules):
+        sentinels = [m.DEFAULT for m in mock_modules if m is not None]
         return len([p for p in patchings
-                    if not p.attribute_name and p.new is mock.DEFAULT])
+                    if not p.attribute_name and p.new in sentinels])
     return len(patchings)
 
 
@@ -126,6 +135,14 @@ def getfuncargnames(function, is_method=False, cls=None):
     return arg_names
 
 
+def get_default_arg_names(function):
+    # Note: this code intentionally mirrors the code at the beginning of getfuncargnames,
+    # to get the arguments which were excluded from its result because they had default values
+    return tuple(p.name for p in signature(function).parameters.values()
+                 if p.kind in (Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD, Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY) and
+                 p.default is not Parameter.empty)
+
+
 if _PY3:
     STRING_TYPES = bytes, str
     UNICODE_TYPES = str,
@@ -240,7 +257,7 @@ def safe_getattr(object, name, default):
 
 
 def _is_unittest_unexpected_success_a_failure():
-    """Return if the test suite should fail if a @expectedFailure unittest test PASSES.
+    """Return if the test suite should fail if an @expectedFailure unittest test PASSES.
 
     From https://docs.python.org/3/library/unittest.html?highlight=unittest#unittest.TestResult.wasSuccessful:
         Changed in version 3.4: Returns False if there were any

_pytest/config.py

@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@ import shlex
 import traceback
 import types
 import warnings
-
+import copy
 import six
 import py
 # DON't import pytest here because it causes import cycle troubles
 import sys
 import os
+from _pytest.outcomes import Skipped
+
 import _pytest._code
 import _pytest.hookspec  # the extension point definitions
 import _pytest.assertion
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ def main(args=None, plugins=None):
             tw = py.io.TerminalWriter(sys.stderr)
             for line in traceback.format_exception(*e.excinfo):
                 tw.line(line.rstrip(), red=True)
-            tw.line("ERROR: could not load %s\n" % (e.path), red=True)
+            tw.line("ERROR: could not load %s\n" % (e.path,), red=True)
             return 4
         else:
             try:
@@ -60,12 +62,13 @@ def main(args=None, plugins=None):
             finally:
                 config._ensure_unconfigure()
     except UsageError as e:
+        tw = py.io.TerminalWriter(sys.stderr)
         for msg in e.args:
-            sys.stderr.write("ERROR: %s\n" % (msg,))
+            tw.line("ERROR: {}\n".format(msg), red=True)
         return 4
 
 
-class cmdline:  # compatibility namespace
+class cmdline(object):  # NOQA compatibility namespace
     main = staticmethod(main)
 
 
@@ -168,13 +171,13 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
     Overwrites :py:class:`pluggy.PluginManager <pluggy.PluginManager>` to add pytest-specific
     functionality:
 
-    * loading plugins from the command line, ``PYTEST_PLUGIN`` env variable and
+    * loading plugins from the command line, ``PYTEST_PLUGINS`` env variable and
       ``pytest_plugins`` global variables found in plugins being loaded;
     * ``conftest.py`` loading during start-up;
     """
 
     def __init__(self):
-        super(PytestPluginManager, self).__init__("pytest", implprefix="pytest_")
+        super(PytestPluginManager, self).__init__("pytest")
         self._conftest_plugins = set()
 
         # state related to local conftest plugins
@@ -198,6 +201,8 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
 
         # Config._consider_importhook will set a real object if required.
         self.rewrite_hook = _pytest.assertion.DummyRewriteHook()
+        # Used to know when we are importing conftests after the pytest_configure stage
+        self._configured = False
 
     def addhooks(self, module_or_class):
         """
@@ -226,6 +231,11 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
 
         method = getattr(plugin, name)
         opts = super(PytestPluginManager, self).parse_hookimpl_opts(plugin, name)
+
+        # collect unmarked hooks as long as they have the `pytest_' prefix
+        if opts is None and name.startswith("pytest_"):
+            opts = {}
+
         if opts is not None:
             for name in ("tryfirst", "trylast", "optionalhook", "hookwrapper"):
                 opts.setdefault(name, hasattr(method, name))
@@ -273,6 +283,7 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         config.addinivalue_line("markers",
                                 "trylast: mark a hook implementation function such that the "
                                 "plugin machinery will try to call it last/as late as possible.")
+        self._configured = True
 
     def _warn(self, message):
         kwargs = message if isinstance(message, dict) else {
@@ -363,6 +374,9 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
                 _ensure_removed_sysmodule(conftestpath.purebasename)
             try:
                 mod = conftestpath.pyimport()
+                if hasattr(mod, 'pytest_plugins') and self._configured:
+                    from _pytest.deprecated import PYTEST_PLUGINS_FROM_NON_TOP_LEVEL_CONFTEST
+                    warnings.warn(PYTEST_PLUGINS_FROM_NON_TOP_LEVEL_CONFTEST)
             except Exception:
                 raise ConftestImportFailure(conftestpath, sys.exc_info())
 
@@ -434,10 +448,7 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
 
             six.reraise(new_exc_type, new_exc, sys.exc_info()[2])
 
-        except Exception as e:
-            import pytest
-            if not hasattr(pytest, 'skip') or not isinstance(e, pytest.skip.Exception):
-                raise
+        except Skipped as e:
             self._warn("skipped plugin %r: %s" % ((modname, e.msg)))
         else:
             mod = sys.modules[importspec]
@@ -462,7 +473,7 @@ def _get_plugin_specs_as_list(specs):
     return []
 
 
-class Parser:
+class Parser(object):
     """ Parser for command line arguments and ini-file values.
 
     :ivar extra_info: dict of generic param -> value to display in case
@@ -597,7 +608,7 @@ class ArgumentError(Exception):
             return self.msg
 
 
-class Argument:
+class Argument(object):
     """class that mimics the necessary behaviour of optparse.Option
 
     its currently a least effort implementation
@@ -727,7 +738,7 @@ class Argument:
         return 'Argument({0})'.format(', '.join(args))
 
 
-class OptionGroup:
+class OptionGroup(object):
     def __init__(self, name, description="", parser=None):
         self.name = name
         self.description = description
@@ -845,20 +856,7 @@ def _ensure_removed_sysmodule(modname):
         pass
 
 
-class CmdOptions(object):
-    """ holds cmdline options as attributes."""
-
-    def __init__(self, values=()):
-        self.__dict__.update(values)
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return "<CmdOptions %r>" % (self.__dict__,)
-
-    def copy(self):
-        return CmdOptions(self.__dict__)
-
-
-class Notset:
+class Notset(object):
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<NOTSET>"
 
@@ -885,7 +883,7 @@ class Config(object):
     def __init__(self, pluginmanager):
         #: access to command line option as attributes.
         #: (deprecated), use :py:func:`getoption() <_pytest.config.Config.getoption>` instead
-        self.option = CmdOptions()
+        self.option = argparse.Namespace()
         _a = FILE_OR_DIR
         self._parser = Parser(
             usage="%%(prog)s [options] [%s] [%s] [...]" % (_a, _a),
@@ -989,8 +987,9 @@ class Config(object):
         self.pluginmanager._set_initial_conftests(early_config.known_args_namespace)
 
     def _initini(self, args):
-        ns, unknown_args = self._parser.parse_known_and_unknown_args(args, namespace=self.option.copy())
-        r = determine_setup(ns.inifilename, ns.file_or_dir + unknown_args, warnfunc=self.warn)
+        ns, unknown_args = self._parser.parse_known_and_unknown_args(args, namespace=copy.copy(self.option))
+        r = determine_setup(ns.inifilename, ns.file_or_dir + unknown_args, warnfunc=self.warn,
+                            rootdir_cmd_arg=ns.rootdir or None)
         self.rootdir, self.inifile, self.inicfg = r
         self._parser.extra_info['rootdir'] = self.rootdir
         self._parser.extra_info['inifile'] = self.inifile
@@ -1015,7 +1014,7 @@ class Config(object):
                 mode = 'plain'
             else:
                 self._mark_plugins_for_rewrite(hook)
-        self._warn_about_missing_assertion(mode)
+        _warn_about_missing_assertion(mode)
 
     def _mark_plugins_for_rewrite(self, hook):
         """
@@ -1042,23 +1041,6 @@ class Config(object):
         for name in _iter_rewritable_modules(package_files):
             hook.mark_rewrite(name)
 
-    def _warn_about_missing_assertion(self, mode):
-        try:
-            assert False
-        except AssertionError:
-            pass
-        else:
-            if mode == 'plain':
-                sys.stderr.write("WARNING: ASSERTIONS ARE NOT EXECUTED"
-                                 " and FAILING TESTS WILL PASS.  Are you"
-                                 " using python -O?")
-            else:
-                sys.stderr.write("WARNING: assertions not in test modules or"
-                                 " plugins will be ignored"
-                                 " because assert statements are not executed "
-                                 "by the underlying Python interpreter "
-                                 "(are you using python -O?)\n")
-
     def _preparse(self, args, addopts=True):
         if addopts:
             args[:] = shlex.split(os.environ.get('PYTEST_ADDOPTS', '')) + args
@@ -1070,7 +1052,8 @@ class Config(object):
         self.pluginmanager.consider_preparse(args)
         self.pluginmanager.load_setuptools_entrypoints('pytest11')
         self.pluginmanager.consider_env()
-        self.known_args_namespace = ns = self._parser.parse_known_args(args, namespace=self.option.copy())
+        self.known_args_namespace = ns = self._parser.parse_known_args(
+            args, namespace=copy.copy(self.option))
         if self.known_args_namespace.confcutdir is None and self.inifile:
             confcutdir = py.path.local(self.inifile).dirname
             self.known_args_namespace.confcutdir = confcutdir
@@ -1187,16 +1170,15 @@ class Config(object):
 
     def _get_override_ini_value(self, name):
         value = None
-        # override_ini is a list of list, to support both -o foo1=bar1 foo2=bar2 and
-        # and -o foo1=bar1 -o foo2=bar2 options
-        # always use the last item if multiple value set for same ini-name,
+        # override_ini is a list of "ini=value" options
+        # always use the last item if multiple values are set for same ini-name,
         # e.g. -o foo=bar1 -o foo=bar2 will set foo to bar2
-        for ini_config_list in self._override_ini:
-            for ini_config in ini_config_list:
-                try:
-                    (key, user_ini_value) = ini_config.split("=", 1)
-                except ValueError:
-                    raise UsageError("-o/--override-ini expects option=value style.")
+        for ini_config in self._override_ini:
+            try:
+                key, user_ini_value = ini_config.split("=", 1)
+            except ValueError:
+                raise UsageError("-o/--override-ini expects option=value style.")
+            else:
                 if key == name:
                     value = user_ini_value
         return value
@@ -1233,6 +1215,29 @@ class Config(object):
         return self.getoption(name, skip=True)
 
 
+def _assertion_supported():
+    try:
+        assert False
+    except AssertionError:
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+
+
+def _warn_about_missing_assertion(mode):
+    if not _assertion_supported():
+        if mode == 'plain':
+            sys.stderr.write("WARNING: ASSERTIONS ARE NOT EXECUTED"
+                             " and FAILING TESTS WILL PASS.  Are you"
+                             " using python -O?")
+        else:
+            sys.stderr.write("WARNING: assertions not in test modules or"
+                             " plugins will be ignored"
+                             " because assert statements are not executed "
+                             "by the underlying Python interpreter "
+                             "(are you using python -O?)\n")
+
+
 def exists(path, ignore=EnvironmentError):
     try:
         return path.check()
@@ -1250,7 +1255,7 @@ def getcfg(args, warnfunc=None):
         This parameter should be removed when pytest
         adopts standard deprecation warnings (#1804).
     """
-    from _pytest.deprecated import SETUP_CFG_PYTEST
+    from _pytest.deprecated import CFG_PYTEST_SECTION
     inibasenames = ["pytest.ini", "tox.ini", "setup.cfg"]
     args = [x for x in args if not str(x).startswith("-")]
     if not args:
@@ -1264,7 +1269,7 @@ def getcfg(args, warnfunc=None):
                     iniconfig = py.iniconfig.IniConfig(p)
                     if 'pytest' in iniconfig.sections:
                         if inibasename == 'setup.cfg' and warnfunc:
-                            warnfunc('C1', SETUP_CFG_PYTEST)
+                            warnfunc('C1', CFG_PYTEST_SECTION.format(filename=inibasename))
                         return base, p, iniconfig['pytest']
                     if inibasename == 'setup.cfg' and 'tool:pytest' in iniconfig.sections:
                         return base, p, iniconfig['tool:pytest']
@@ -1323,14 +1328,22 @@ def get_dirs_from_args(args):
     ]
 
 
-def determine_setup(inifile, args, warnfunc=None):
+def determine_setup(inifile, args, warnfunc=None, rootdir_cmd_arg=None):
     dirs = get_dirs_from_args(args)
     if inifile:
         iniconfig = py.iniconfig.IniConfig(inifile)
-        try:
-            inicfg = iniconfig["pytest"]
-        except KeyError:
-            inicfg = None
+        is_cfg_file = str(inifile).endswith('.cfg')
+        # TODO: [pytest] section in *.cfg files is depricated. Need refactoring.
+        sections = ['tool:pytest', 'pytest'] if is_cfg_file else ['pytest']
+        for section in sections:
+            try:
+                inicfg = iniconfig[section]
+                if is_cfg_file and section == 'pytest' and warnfunc:
+                    from _pytest.deprecated import CFG_PYTEST_SECTION
+                    warnfunc('C1', CFG_PYTEST_SECTION.format(filename=str(inifile)))
+                break
+            except KeyError:
+                inicfg = None
         rootdir = get_common_ancestor(dirs)
     else:
         ancestor = get_common_ancestor(dirs)
@@ -1346,6 +1359,11 @@ def determine_setup(inifile, args, warnfunc=None):
                     is_fs_root = os.path.splitdrive(str(rootdir))[1] == '/'
                     if is_fs_root:
                         rootdir = ancestor
+    if rootdir_cmd_arg:
+        rootdir_abs_path = py.path.local(os.path.expandvars(rootdir_cmd_arg))
+        if not os.path.isdir(str(rootdir_abs_path)):
+            raise UsageError("Directory '{}' not found. Check your '--rootdir' option.".format(rootdir_abs_path))
+        rootdir = rootdir_abs_path
     return rootdir, inifile, inicfg or {}
 
 

_pytest/debugging.py

@@ -2,13 +2,21 @@
 from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
 import pdb
 import sys
+import os
+from doctest import UnexpectedException
+
+try:
+    from builtins import breakpoint  # noqa
+    SUPPORTS_BREAKPOINT_BUILTIN = True
+except ImportError:
+    SUPPORTS_BREAKPOINT_BUILTIN = False
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("general")
     group._addoption(
         '--pdb', dest="usepdb", action="store_true",
-        help="start the interactive Python debugger on errors.")
+        help="start the interactive Python debugger on errors or KeyboardInterrupt.")
     group._addoption(
         '--pdbcls', dest="usepdb_cls", metavar="modulename:classname",
         help="start a custom interactive Python debugger on errors. "
@@ -26,12 +34,20 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
     if config.getvalue("usepdb"):
         config.pluginmanager.register(PdbInvoke(), 'pdbinvoke')
 
+    # Use custom Pdb class set_trace instead of default Pdb on breakpoint() call
+    if SUPPORTS_BREAKPOINT_BUILTIN:
+        _environ_pythonbreakpoint = os.environ.get('PYTHONBREAKPOINT', '')
+        if _environ_pythonbreakpoint == '':
+            sys.breakpointhook = pytestPDB.set_trace
+
     old = (pdb.set_trace, pytestPDB._pluginmanager)
 
     def fin():
         pdb.set_trace, pytestPDB._pluginmanager = old
         pytestPDB._config = None
         pytestPDB._pdb_cls = pdb.Pdb
+        if SUPPORTS_BREAKPOINT_BUILTIN:
+            sys.breakpointhook = sys.__breakpointhook__
 
     pdb.set_trace = pytestPDB.set_trace
     pytestPDB._pluginmanager = config.pluginmanager
@@ -40,7 +56,7 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
     config._cleanup.append(fin)
 
 
-class pytestPDB:
+class pytestPDB(object):
     """ Pseudo PDB that defers to the real pdb. """
     _pluginmanager = None
     _config = None
@@ -62,7 +78,7 @@ class pytestPDB:
         cls._pdb_cls().set_trace(frame)
 
 
-class PdbInvoke:
+class PdbInvoke(object):
     def pytest_exception_interact(self, node, call, report):
         capman = node.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
         if capman:
@@ -85,6 +101,18 @@ def _enter_pdb(node, excinfo, rep):
     # for not completely clear reasons.
     tw = node.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("terminalreporter")._tw
     tw.line()
+
+    showcapture = node.config.option.showcapture
+
+    for sectionname, content in (('stdout', rep.capstdout),
+                                 ('stderr', rep.capstderr),
+                                 ('log', rep.caplog)):
+        if showcapture in (sectionname, 'all') and content:
+            tw.sep(">", "captured " + sectionname)
+            if content[-1:] == "\n":
+                content = content[:-1]
+            tw.line(content)
+
     tw.sep(">", "traceback")
     rep.toterminal(tw)
     tw.sep(">", "entering PDB")
@@ -95,10 +123,9 @@ def _enter_pdb(node, excinfo, rep):
 
 
 def _postmortem_traceback(excinfo):
-    # A doctest.UnexpectedException is not useful for post_mortem.
-    # Use the underlying exception instead:
-    from doctest import UnexpectedException
     if isinstance(excinfo.value, UnexpectedException):
+        # A doctest.UnexpectedException is not useful for post_mortem.
+        # Use the underlying exception instead:
         return excinfo.value.exc_info[2]
     else:
         return excinfo._excinfo[2]

_pytest/deprecated.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ FUNCARG_PREFIX = (
     'and scheduled to be removed in pytest 4.0.  '
     'Please remove the prefix and use the @pytest.fixture decorator instead.')
 
-SETUP_CFG_PYTEST = '[pytest] section in setup.cfg files is deprecated, use [tool:pytest] instead.'
+CFG_PYTEST_SECTION = '[pytest] section in {filename} files is deprecated, use [tool:pytest] instead.'
 
 GETFUNCARGVALUE = "use of getfuncargvalue is deprecated, use getfixturevalue"
 
@@ -32,7 +32,9 @@ RESULT_LOG = (
 )
 
 MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE = RemovedInPytest4Warning(
-    "MarkInfo objects are deprecated as they contain the merged marks"
+    "MarkInfo objects are deprecated as they contain merged marks which are hard to deal with correctly.\n"
+    "Please use node.get_closest_marker(name) or node.iter_markers(name).\n"
+    "Docs: https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/mark.html#updating-code"
 )
 
 MARK_PARAMETERSET_UNPACKING = RemovedInPytest4Warning(
@@ -41,6 +43,12 @@ MARK_PARAMETERSET_UNPACKING = RemovedInPytest4Warning(
     "For more details, see: https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/parametrize.html"
 )
 
+RECORD_XML_PROPERTY = (
+    'Fixture renamed from "record_xml_property" to "record_property" as user '
+    'properties are now available to all reporters.\n'
+    '"record_xml_property" is now deprecated.'
+)
+
 COLLECTOR_MAKEITEM = RemovedInPytest4Warning(
     "pycollector makeitem was removed "
     "as it is an accidentially leaked internal api"
@@ -50,3 +58,9 @@ METAFUNC_ADD_CALL = (
     "Metafunc.addcall is deprecated and scheduled to be removed in pytest 4.0.\n"
     "Please use Metafunc.parametrize instead."
 )
+
+PYTEST_PLUGINS_FROM_NON_TOP_LEVEL_CONFTEST = RemovedInPytest4Warning(
+    "Defining pytest_plugins in a non-top-level conftest is deprecated, "
+    "because it affects the entire directory tree in a non-explicit way.\n"
+    "Please move it to the top level conftest file instead."
+)

_pytest/doctest.py

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
 
 import traceback
+import sys
+import platform
 
 import pytest
 from _pytest._code.code import ExceptionInfo, ReprFileLocation, TerminalRepr
@@ -22,6 +24,9 @@ DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICES = (
     DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_ONLY_FIRST_FAILURE,
 )
 
+# Lazy definition of runner class
+RUNNER_CLASS = None
+
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     parser.addini('doctest_optionflags', 'option flags for doctests',
@@ -45,6 +50,10 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
                     action="store_true", default=False,
                     help="ignore doctest ImportErrors",
                     dest="doctest_ignore_import_errors")
+    group.addoption("--doctest-continue-on-failure",
+                    action="store_true", default=False,
+                    help="for a given doctest, continue to run after the first failure",
+                    dest="doctest_continue_on_failure")
 
 
 def pytest_collect_file(path, parent):
@@ -75,14 +84,63 @@ def _is_doctest(config, path, parent):
 
 class ReprFailDoctest(TerminalRepr):
 
-    def __init__(self, reprlocation, lines):
-        self.reprlocation = reprlocation
-        self.lines = lines
+    def __init__(self, reprlocation_lines):
+        # List of (reprlocation, lines) tuples
+        self.reprlocation_lines = reprlocation_lines
 
     def toterminal(self, tw):
-        for line in self.lines:
-            tw.line(line)
-        self.reprlocation.toterminal(tw)
+        for reprlocation, lines in self.reprlocation_lines:
+            for line in lines:
+                tw.line(line)
+            reprlocation.toterminal(tw)
+
+
+class MultipleDoctestFailures(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, failures):
+        super(MultipleDoctestFailures, self).__init__()
+        self.failures = failures
+
+
+def _init_runner_class():
+    import doctest
+
+    class PytestDoctestRunner(doctest.DebugRunner):
+        """
+        Runner to collect failures.  Note that the out variable in this case is
+        a list instead of a stdout-like object
+        """
+        def __init__(self, checker=None, verbose=None, optionflags=0,
+                     continue_on_failure=True):
+            doctest.DebugRunner.__init__(
+                self, checker=checker, verbose=verbose, optionflags=optionflags)
+            self.continue_on_failure = continue_on_failure
+
+        def report_failure(self, out, test, example, got):
+            failure = doctest.DocTestFailure(test, example, got)
+            if self.continue_on_failure:
+                out.append(failure)
+            else:
+                raise failure
+
+        def report_unexpected_exception(self, out, test, example, exc_info):
+            failure = doctest.UnexpectedException(test, example, exc_info)
+            if self.continue_on_failure:
+                out.append(failure)
+            else:
+                raise failure
+
+    return PytestDoctestRunner
+
+
+def _get_runner(checker=None, verbose=None, optionflags=0,
+                continue_on_failure=True):
+    # We need this in order to do a lazy import on doctest
+    global RUNNER_CLASS
+    if RUNNER_CLASS is None:
+        RUNNER_CLASS = _init_runner_class()
+    return RUNNER_CLASS(
+        checker=checker, verbose=verbose, optionflags=optionflags,
+        continue_on_failure=continue_on_failure)
 
 
 class DoctestItem(pytest.Item):
@@ -103,46 +161,71 @@ class DoctestItem(pytest.Item):
 
     def runtest(self):
         _check_all_skipped(self.dtest)
-        self.runner.run(self.dtest)
+        self._disable_output_capturing_for_darwin()
+        failures = []
+        self.runner.run(self.dtest, out=failures)
+        if failures:
+            raise MultipleDoctestFailures(failures)
+
+    def _disable_output_capturing_for_darwin(self):
+        """
+        Disable output capturing. Otherwise, stdout is lost to doctest (#985)
+        """
+        if platform.system() != 'Darwin':
+            return
+        capman = self.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+        if capman:
+            out, err = capman.suspend_global_capture(in_=True)
+            sys.stdout.write(out)
+            sys.stderr.write(err)
 
     def repr_failure(self, excinfo):
         import doctest
+        failures = None
         if excinfo.errisinstance((doctest.DocTestFailure,
                                   doctest.UnexpectedException)):
-            doctestfailure = excinfo.value
-            example = doctestfailure.example
-            test = doctestfailure.test
-            filename = test.filename
-            if test.lineno is None:
-                lineno = None
-            else:
-                lineno = test.lineno + example.lineno + 1
-            message = excinfo.type.__name__
-            reprlocation = ReprFileLocation(filename, lineno, message)
-            checker = _get_checker()
-            report_choice = _get_report_choice(self.config.getoption("doctestreport"))
-            if lineno is not None:
-                lines = doctestfailure.test.docstring.splitlines(False)
-                # add line numbers to the left of the error message
-                lines = ["%03d %s" % (i + test.lineno + 1, x)
-                         for (i, x) in enumerate(lines)]
-                # trim docstring error lines to 10
-                lines = lines[max(example.lineno - 9, 0):example.lineno + 1]
-            else:
-                lines = ['EXAMPLE LOCATION UNKNOWN, not showing all tests of that example']
-                indent = '>>>'
-                for line in example.source.splitlines():
-                    lines.append('??? %s %s' % (indent, line))
-                    indent = '...'
-            if excinfo.errisinstance(doctest.DocTestFailure):
-                lines += checker.output_difference(example,
-                                                   doctestfailure.got, report_choice).split("\n")
-            else:
-                inner_excinfo = ExceptionInfo(excinfo.value.exc_info)
-                lines += ["UNEXPECTED EXCEPTION: %s" %
-                          repr(inner_excinfo.value)]
-                lines += traceback.format_exception(*excinfo.value.exc_info)
-            return ReprFailDoctest(reprlocation, lines)
+            failures = [excinfo.value]
+        elif excinfo.errisinstance(MultipleDoctestFailures):
+            failures = excinfo.value.failures
+
+        if failures is not None:
+            reprlocation_lines = []
+            for failure in failures:
+                example = failure.example
+                test = failure.test
+                filename = test.filename
+                if test.lineno is None:
+                    lineno = None
+                else:
+                    lineno = test.lineno + example.lineno + 1
+                message = type(failure).__name__
+                reprlocation = ReprFileLocation(filename, lineno, message)
+                checker = _get_checker()
+                report_choice = _get_report_choice(self.config.getoption("doctestreport"))
+                if lineno is not None:
+                    lines = failure.test.docstring.splitlines(False)
+                    # add line numbers to the left of the error message
+                    lines = ["%03d %s" % (i + test.lineno + 1, x)
+                             for (i, x) in enumerate(lines)]
+                    # trim docstring error lines to 10
+                    lines = lines[max(example.lineno - 9, 0):example.lineno + 1]
+                else:
+                    lines = ['EXAMPLE LOCATION UNKNOWN, not showing all tests of that example']
+                    indent = '>>>'
+                    for line in example.source.splitlines():
+                        lines.append('??? %s %s' % (indent, line))
+                        indent = '...'
+                if isinstance(failure, doctest.DocTestFailure):
+                    lines += checker.output_difference(example,
+                                                       failure.got,
+                                                       report_choice).split("\n")
+                else:
+                    inner_excinfo = ExceptionInfo(failure.exc_info)
+                    lines += ["UNEXPECTED EXCEPTION: %s" %
+                              repr(inner_excinfo.value)]
+                    lines += traceback.format_exception(*failure.exc_info)
+                reprlocation_lines.append((reprlocation, lines))
+            return ReprFailDoctest(reprlocation_lines)
         else:
             return super(DoctestItem, self).repr_failure(excinfo)
 
@@ -172,6 +255,16 @@ def get_optionflags(parent):
     return flag_acc
 
 
+def _get_continue_on_failure(config):
+    continue_on_failure = config.getvalue('doctest_continue_on_failure')
+    if continue_on_failure:
+        # We need to turn off this if we use pdb since we should stop at
+        # the first failure
+        if config.getvalue("usepdb"):
+            continue_on_failure = False
+    return continue_on_failure
+
+
 class DoctestTextfile(pytest.Module):
     obj = None
 
@@ -187,8 +280,11 @@ class DoctestTextfile(pytest.Module):
         globs = {'__name__': '__main__'}
 
         optionflags = get_optionflags(self)
-        runner = doctest.DebugRunner(verbose=0, optionflags=optionflags,
-                                     checker=_get_checker())
+
+        runner = _get_runner(
+            verbose=0, optionflags=optionflags,
+            checker=_get_checker(),
+            continue_on_failure=_get_continue_on_failure(self.config))
         _fix_spoof_python2(runner, encoding)
 
         parser = doctest.DocTestParser()
@@ -223,8 +319,10 @@ class DoctestModule(pytest.Module):
         # uses internal doctest module parsing mechanism
         finder = doctest.DocTestFinder()
         optionflags = get_optionflags(self)
-        runner = doctest.DebugRunner(verbose=0, optionflags=optionflags,
-                                     checker=_get_checker())
+        runner = _get_runner(
+            verbose=0, optionflags=optionflags,
+            checker=_get_checker(),
+            continue_on_failure=_get_continue_on_failure(self.config))
 
         for test in finder.find(module, module.__name__):
             if test.examples:  # skip empty doctests
@@ -364,6 +462,6 @@ def _fix_spoof_python2(runner, encoding):
 @pytest.fixture(scope='session')
 def doctest_namespace():
     """
-    Inject names into the doctest namespace.
+    Fixture that returns a :py:class:`dict` that will be injected into the namespace of doctests.
     """
     return dict()

_pytest/fixtures.py

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ import functools
 import inspect
 import sys
 import warnings
-from collections import OrderedDict
+from collections import OrderedDict, deque, defaultdict
+from more_itertools import flatten
 
 import attr
 import py
@@ -24,13 +25,20 @@ from _pytest.compat import (
 from _pytest.outcomes import fail, TEST_OUTCOME
 
 
+@attr.s(frozen=True)
+class PseudoFixtureDef(object):
+    cached_result = attr.ib()
+    scope = attr.ib()
+
+
 def pytest_sessionstart(session):
     import _pytest.python
+    import _pytest.nodes
 
     scopename2class.update({
         'class': _pytest.python.Class,
         'module': _pytest.python.Module,
-        'function': _pytest.main.Item,
+        'function': _pytest.nodes.Item,
         'session': _pytest.main.Session,
     })
     session._fixturemanager = FixtureManager(session)
@@ -162,62 +170,59 @@ def get_parametrized_fixture_keys(item, scopenum):
 
 def reorder_items(items):
     argkeys_cache = {}
+    items_by_argkey = {}
     for scopenum in range(0, scopenum_function):
         argkeys_cache[scopenum] = d = {}
+        items_by_argkey[scopenum] = item_d = defaultdict(deque)
         for item in items:
             keys = OrderedDict.fromkeys(get_parametrized_fixture_keys(item, scopenum))
             if keys:
                 d[item] = keys
-    return reorder_items_atscope(items, set(), argkeys_cache, 0)
+                for key in keys:
+                    item_d[key].append(item)
+    items = OrderedDict.fromkeys(items)
+    return list(reorder_items_atscope(items, argkeys_cache, items_by_argkey, 0))
 
 
-def reorder_items_atscope(items, ignore, argkeys_cache, scopenum):
+def fix_cache_order(item, argkeys_cache, items_by_argkey):
+    for scopenum in range(0, scopenum_function):
+        for key in argkeys_cache[scopenum].get(item, []):
+            items_by_argkey[scopenum][key].appendleft(item)
+
+
+def reorder_items_atscope(items, argkeys_cache, items_by_argkey, scopenum):
     if scopenum >= scopenum_function or len(items) < 3:
         return items
-    items_done = []
-    while 1:
-        items_before, items_same, items_other, newignore = \
-            slice_items(items, ignore, argkeys_cache[scopenum])
-        items_before = reorder_items_atscope(
-            items_before, ignore, argkeys_cache, scopenum + 1)
-        if items_same is None:
-            # nothing to reorder in this scope
-            assert items_other is None
-            return items_done + items_before
-        items_done.extend(items_before)
-        items = items_same + items_other
-        ignore = newignore
-
-
-def slice_items(items, ignore, scoped_argkeys_cache):
-    # we pick the first item which uses a fixture instance in the
-    # requested scope and which we haven't seen yet.  We slice the input
-    # items list into a list of items_nomatch, items_same and
-    # items_other
-    if scoped_argkeys_cache:  # do we need to do work at all?
-        it = iter(items)
-        # first find a slicing key
-        for i, item in enumerate(it):
-            argkeys = scoped_argkeys_cache.get(item)
-            if argkeys is not None:
-                newargkeys = OrderedDict.fromkeys(k for k in argkeys if k not in ignore)
-                if newargkeys:  # found a slicing key
-                    slicing_argkey, _ = newargkeys.popitem()
-                    items_before = items[:i]
-                    items_same = [item]
-                    items_other = []
-                    # now slice the remainder of the list
-                    for item in it:
-                        argkeys = scoped_argkeys_cache.get(item)
-                        if argkeys and slicing_argkey in argkeys and \
-                                slicing_argkey not in ignore:
-                            items_same.append(item)
-                        else:
-                            items_other.append(item)
-                    newignore = ignore.copy()
-                    newignore.add(slicing_argkey)
-                    return (items_before, items_same, items_other, newignore)
-    return items, None, None, None
+    ignore = set()
+    items_deque = deque(items)
+    items_done = OrderedDict()
+    scoped_items_by_argkey = items_by_argkey[scopenum]
+    scoped_argkeys_cache = argkeys_cache[scopenum]
+    while items_deque:
+        no_argkey_group = OrderedDict()
+        slicing_argkey = None
+        while items_deque:
+            item = items_deque.popleft()
+            if item in items_done or item in no_argkey_group:
+                continue
+            argkeys = OrderedDict.fromkeys(k for k in scoped_argkeys_cache.get(item, []) if k not in ignore)
+            if not argkeys:
+                no_argkey_group[item] = None
+            else:
+                slicing_argkey, _ = argkeys.popitem()
+                # we don't have to remove relevant items from later in the deque because they'll just be ignored
+                matching_items = [i for i in scoped_items_by_argkey[slicing_argkey] if i in items]
+                for i in reversed(matching_items):
+                    fix_cache_order(i, argkeys_cache, items_by_argkey)
+                    items_deque.appendleft(i)
+                break
+        if no_argkey_group:
+            no_argkey_group = reorder_items_atscope(
+                                no_argkey_group, argkeys_cache, items_by_argkey, scopenum + 1)
+            for item in no_argkey_group:
+                items_done[item] = None
+        ignore.add(slicing_argkey)
+    return items_done
 
 
 def fillfixtures(function):
@@ -246,7 +251,7 @@ def get_direct_param_fixture_func(request):
     return request.param
 
 
-class FuncFixtureInfo:
+class FuncFixtureInfo(object):
     def __init__(self, argnames, names_closure, name2fixturedefs):
         self.argnames = argnames
         self.names_closure = names_closure
@@ -286,7 +291,7 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
     def _getnextfixturedef(self, argname):
         fixturedefs = self._arg2fixturedefs.get(argname, None)
         if fixturedefs is None:
-            # we arrive here because of a  a dynamic call to
+            # we arrive here because of a dynamic call to
             # getfixturevalue(argname) usage which was naturally
             # not known at parsing/collection time
             parentid = self._pyfuncitem.parent.nodeid
@@ -367,10 +372,7 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
         :arg marker: a :py:class:`_pytest.mark.MarkDecorator` object
             created by a call to ``pytest.mark.NAME(...)``.
         """
-        try:
-            self.node.keywords[marker.markname] = marker
-        except AttributeError:
-            raise ValueError(marker)
+        self.node.add_marker(marker)
 
     def raiseerror(self, msg):
         """ raise a FixtureLookupError with the given message. """
@@ -442,10 +444,9 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
                 fixturedef = self._getnextfixturedef(argname)
             except FixtureLookupError:
                 if argname == "request":
-                    class PseudoFixtureDef:
-                        cached_result = (self, [0], None)
-                        scope = "function"
-                    return PseudoFixtureDef
+                    cached_result = (self, [0], None)
+                    scope = "function"
+                    return PseudoFixtureDef(cached_result, scope)
                 raise
         # remove indent to prevent the python3 exception
         # from leaking into the call
@@ -718,7 +719,7 @@ def call_fixture_func(fixturefunc, request, kwargs):
     return res
 
 
-class FixtureDef:
+class FixtureDef(object):
     """ A container for a factory definition. """
 
     def __init__(self, fixturemanager, baseid, argname, func, scope, params,
@@ -841,21 +842,26 @@ def _ensure_immutable_ids(ids):
 @attr.s(frozen=True)
 class FixtureFunctionMarker(object):
     scope = attr.ib()
-    params = attr.ib(convert=attr.converters.optional(tuple))
+    params = attr.ib(converter=attr.converters.optional(tuple))
     autouse = attr.ib(default=False)
-    ids = attr.ib(default=None, convert=_ensure_immutable_ids)
+    ids = attr.ib(default=None, converter=_ensure_immutable_ids)
     name = attr.ib(default=None)
 
     def __call__(self, function):
         if isclass(function):
             raise ValueError(
                 "class fixtures not supported (may be in the future)")
+
+        if getattr(function, "_pytestfixturefunction", False):
+            raise ValueError(
+                    "fixture is being applied more than once to the same function")
+
         function._pytestfixturefunction = self
         return function
 
 
 def fixture(scope="function", params=None, autouse=False, ids=None, name=None):
-    """ (return a) decorator to mark a fixture factory function.
+    """Decorator to mark a fixture factory function.
 
     This decorator can be used (with or without parameters) to define a
     fixture function.  The name of the fixture function can later be
@@ -920,11 +926,19 @@ defaultfuncargprefixmarker = fixture()
 
 @fixture(scope="session")
 def pytestconfig(request):
-    """ the pytest config object with access to command line opts."""
+    """Session-scoped fixture that returns the :class:`_pytest.config.Config` object.
+
+    Example::
+
+        def test_foo(pytestconfig):
+            if pytestconfig.getoption("verbose"):
+                ...
+
+    """
     return request.config
 
 
-class FixtureManager:
+class FixtureManager(object):
     """
     pytest fixtures definitions and information is stored and managed
     from this class.
@@ -974,10 +988,9 @@ class FixtureManager:
             argnames = getfuncargnames(func, cls=cls)
         else:
             argnames = ()
-        usefixtures = getattr(func, "usefixtures", None)
+        usefixtures = flatten(mark.args for mark in node.iter_markers(name="usefixtures"))
         initialnames = argnames
-        if usefixtures is not None:
-            initialnames = usefixtures.args + initialnames
+        initialnames = tuple(usefixtures) + initialnames
         fm = node.session._fixturemanager
         names_closure, arg2fixturedefs = fm.getfixtureclosure(initialnames,
                                                               node)
@@ -1010,15 +1023,12 @@ class FixtureManager:
                     if nextchar and nextchar not in ":/":
                         continue
                 autousenames.extend(basenames)
-        # make sure autousenames are sorted by scope, scopenum 0 is session
-        autousenames.sort(
-            key=lambda x: self._arg2fixturedefs[x][-1].scopenum)
         return autousenames
 
     def getfixtureclosure(self, fixturenames, parentnode):
         # collect the closure of all fixtures , starting with the given
         # fixturenames as the initial set.  As we have to visit all
-        # factory definitions anyway, we also return a arg2fixturedefs
+        # factory definitions anyway, we also return an arg2fixturedefs
         # mapping so that the caller can reuse it and does not have
         # to re-discover fixturedefs again for each fixturename
         # (discovering matching fixtures for a given name/node is expensive)
@@ -1043,6 +1053,16 @@ class FixtureManager:
                 if fixturedefs:
                     arg2fixturedefs[argname] = fixturedefs
                     merge(fixturedefs[-1].argnames)
+
+        def sort_by_scope(arg_name):
+            try:
+                fixturedefs = arg2fixturedefs[arg_name]
+            except KeyError:
+                return scopes.index('function')
+            else:
+                return fixturedefs[-1].scopenum
+
+        fixturenames_closure.sort(key=sort_by_scope)
         return fixturenames_closure, arg2fixturedefs
 
     def pytest_generate_tests(self, metafunc):
@@ -1052,6 +1072,8 @@ class FixtureManager:
                 fixturedef = faclist[-1]
                 if fixturedef.params is not None:
                     parametrize_func = getattr(metafunc.function, 'parametrize', None)
+                    if parametrize_func is not None:
+                        parametrize_func = parametrize_func.combined
                     func_params = getattr(parametrize_func, 'args', [[None]])
                     func_kwargs = getattr(parametrize_func, 'kwargs', {})
                     # skip directly parametrized arguments

_pytest/freeze_support.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
 
 def freeze_includes():
     """
-    Returns a list of module names used by py.test that should be
+    Returns a list of module names used by pytest that should be
     included by cx_freeze.
     """
     import py

_pytest/helpconfig.py

@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
                     action="store_true", dest="debug", default=False,
                     help="store internal tracing debug information in 'pytestdebug.log'.")
     group._addoption(
-        '-o', '--override-ini', nargs='*', dest="override_ini",
+        '-o', '--override-ini', dest="override_ini",
         action="append",
-        help="override config option with option=value style, e.g. `-o xfail_strict=True`.")
+        help='override ini option with "option=value" style, e.g. `-o xfail_strict=True -o cache_dir=cache`.')
 
 
 @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
@@ -138,7 +138,8 @@ def showhelp(config):
     tw.line("to see available markers type: pytest --markers")
     tw.line("to see available fixtures type: pytest --fixtures")
     tw.line("(shown according to specified file_or_dir or current dir "
-            "if not specified)")
+            "if not specified; fixtures with leading '_' are only shown "
+            "with the '-v' option")
 
     for warningreport in reporter.stats.get('warnings', []):
         tw.line("warning : " + warningreport.message, red=True)

_pytest/hookspec.py

@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ def pytest_addhooks(pluginmanager):
 
 
     :param _pytest.config.PytestPluginManager pluginmanager: pytest plugin manager
+
+    .. note::
+        This hook is incompatible with ``hookwrapper=True``.
     """
 
 
@@ -27,6 +30,9 @@ def pytest_namespace():
     the pytest namespace.
 
     This hook is called at plugin registration time.
+
+    .. note::
+        This hook is incompatible with ``hookwrapper=True``.
     """
 
 
@@ -36,6 +42,9 @@ def pytest_plugin_registered(plugin, manager):
 
     :param plugin: the plugin module or instance
     :param _pytest.config.PytestPluginManager manager: pytest plugin manager
+
+    .. note::
+        This hook is incompatible with ``hookwrapper=True``.
     """
 
 
@@ -66,6 +75,9 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
 
     The config object is passed around on many internal objects via the ``.config``
     attribute or can be retrieved as the ``pytestconfig`` fixture.
+
+    .. note::
+        This hook is incompatible with ``hookwrapper=True``.
     """
 
 
@@ -80,13 +92,15 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
     After that, the hook is called for other conftest files as they are
     imported.
 
+    .. note::
+        This hook is incompatible with ``hookwrapper=True``.
+
     :arg _pytest.config.Config config: pytest config object
     """
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Bootstrapping hooks called for plugins registered early enough:
-# internal and 3rd party plugins as well as directly
-# discoverable conftest.py local plugins.
+# internal and 3rd party plugins.
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -96,6 +110,9 @@ def pytest_cmdline_parse(pluginmanager, args):
 
     Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult`
 
+    .. note::
+        This hook will not be called for ``conftest.py`` files, only for setuptools plugins.
+
     :param _pytest.config.PytestPluginManager pluginmanager: pytest plugin manager
     :param list[str] args: list of arguments passed on the command line
     """
@@ -107,6 +124,9 @@ def pytest_cmdline_preparse(config, args):
     This hook is considered deprecated and will be removed in a future pytest version. Consider
     using :func:`pytest_load_initial_conftests` instead.
 
+    .. note::
+        This hook will not be called for ``conftest.py`` files, only for setuptools plugins.
+
     :param _pytest.config.Config config: pytest config object
     :param list[str] args: list of arguments passed on the command line
     """
@@ -117,6 +137,9 @@ def pytest_cmdline_main(config):
     """ called for performing the main command line action. The default
     implementation will invoke the configure hooks and runtest_mainloop.
 
+    .. note::
+        This hook will not be called for ``conftest.py`` files, only for setuptools plugins.
+
     Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult`
 
     :param _pytest.config.Config config: pytest config object
@@ -127,6 +150,9 @@ def pytest_load_initial_conftests(early_config, parser, args):
     """ implements the loading of initial conftest files ahead
     of command line option parsing.
 
+    .. note::
+        This hook will not be called for ``conftest.py`` files, only for setuptools plugins.
+
     :param _pytest.config.Config early_config: pytest config object
     :param list[str] args: list of arguments passed on the command line
     :param _pytest.config.Parser parser: to add command line options
@@ -153,7 +179,7 @@ def pytest_collection_modifyitems(session, config, items):
 
     :param _pytest.main.Session session: the pytest session object
     :param _pytest.config.Config config: pytest config object
-    :param List[_pytest.main.Item] items: list of item objects
+    :param List[_pytest.nodes.Item] items: list of item objects
     """
 
 
@@ -304,7 +330,25 @@ def pytest_runtest_protocol(item, nextitem):
 
 
 def pytest_runtest_logstart(nodeid, location):
-    """ signal the start of running a single test item. """
+    """ signal the start of running a single test item.
+
+    This hook will be called **before** :func:`pytest_runtest_setup`, :func:`pytest_runtest_call` and
+    :func:`pytest_runtest_teardown` hooks.
+
+    :param str nodeid: full id of the item
+    :param location: a triple of ``(filename, linenum, testname)``
+    """
+
+
+def pytest_runtest_logfinish(nodeid, location):
+    """ signal the complete finish of running a single test item.
+
+    This hook will be called **after** :func:`pytest_runtest_setup`, :func:`pytest_runtest_call` and
+    :func:`pytest_runtest_teardown` hooks.
+
+    :param str nodeid: full id of the item
+    :param location: a triple of ``(filename, linenum, testname)``
+    """
 
 
 def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
@@ -347,7 +391,15 @@ def pytest_runtest_logreport(report):
 def pytest_fixture_setup(fixturedef, request):
     """ performs fixture setup execution.
 
-    Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult` """
+    :return: The return value of the call to the fixture function
+
+    Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult`
+
+    .. note::
+        If the fixture function returns None, other implementations of
+        this hook function will continue to be called, according to the
+        behavior of the :ref:`firstresult` option.
+    """
 
 
 def pytest_fixture_post_finalizer(fixturedef, request):
@@ -361,14 +413,15 @@ def pytest_fixture_post_finalizer(fixturedef, request):
 
 
 def pytest_sessionstart(session):
-    """ before session.main() is called.
+    """ called after the ``Session`` object has been created and before performing collection
+    and entering the run test loop.
 
     :param _pytest.main.Session session: the pytest session object
     """
 
 
 def pytest_sessionfinish(session, exitstatus):
-    """ whole test run finishes.
+    """ called after whole test run finished, right before returning the exit status to the system.
 
     :param _pytest.main.Session session: the pytest session object
     :param int exitstatus: the status which pytest will return to the system
@@ -438,14 +491,25 @@ def pytest_report_teststatus(report):
 
 
 def pytest_terminal_summary(terminalreporter, exitstatus):
-    """ add additional section in terminal summary reporting.  """
+    """Add a section to terminal summary reporting.
+
+    :param _pytest.terminal.TerminalReporter terminalreporter: the internal terminal reporter object
+    :param int exitstatus: the exit status that will be reported back to the OS
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.5
+        The ``config`` parameter.
+    """
 
 
 @hookspec(historic=True)
 def pytest_logwarning(message, code, nodeid, fslocation):
     """ process a warning specified by a message, a code string,
     a nodeid and fslocation (both of which may be None
-    if the warning is not tied to a partilar node/location)."""
+    if the warning is not tied to a particular node/location).
+
+    .. note::
+        This hook is incompatible with ``hookwrapper=True``.
+    """
 
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # doctest hooks

_pytest/junitxml.py

@@ -85,6 +85,9 @@ class _NodeReporter(object):
     def add_property(self, name, value):
         self.properties.append((str(name), bin_xml_escape(value)))
 
+    def add_attribute(self, name, value):
+        self.attrs[str(name)] = bin_xml_escape(value)
+
     def make_properties_node(self):
         """Return a Junit node containing custom properties, if any.
         """
@@ -98,6 +101,7 @@ class _NodeReporter(object):
     def record_testreport(self, testreport):
         assert not self.testcase
         names = mangle_test_address(testreport.nodeid)
+        existing_attrs = self.attrs
         classnames = names[:-1]
         if self.xml.prefix:
             classnames.insert(0, self.xml.prefix)
@@ -111,6 +115,7 @@ class _NodeReporter(object):
         if hasattr(testreport, "url"):
             attrs["url"] = testreport.url
         self.attrs = attrs
+        self.attrs.update(existing_attrs)  # restore any user-defined attributes
 
     def to_xml(self):
         testcase = Junit.testcase(time=self.duration, **self.attrs)
@@ -125,10 +130,47 @@ class _NodeReporter(object):
         self.append(node)
 
     def write_captured_output(self, report):
-        for capname in ('out', 'err'):
-            content = getattr(report, 'capstd' + capname)
+        content_out = report.capstdout
+        content_log = report.caplog
+        content_err = report.capstderr
+
+        if content_log or content_out:
+            if content_log and self.xml.logging == 'system-out':
+                if content_out:
+                    # syncing stdout and the log-output is not done yet. It's
+                    # probably not worth the effort. Therefore, first the captured
+                    # stdout is shown and then the captured logs.
+                    content = '\n'.join([
+                        ' Captured Stdout '.center(80, '-'),
+                        content_out,
+                        '',
+                        ' Captured Log '.center(80, '-'),
+                        content_log])
+                else:
+                    content = content_log
+            else:
+                content = content_out
+
             if content:
-                tag = getattr(Junit, 'system-' + capname)
+                tag = getattr(Junit, 'system-out')
+                self.append(tag(bin_xml_escape(content)))
+
+        if content_log or content_err:
+            if content_log and self.xml.logging == 'system-err':
+                if content_err:
+                    content = '\n'.join([
+                        ' Captured Stderr '.center(80, '-'),
+                        content_err,
+                        '',
+                        ' Captured Log '.center(80, '-'),
+                        content_log])
+                else:
+                    content = content_log
+            else:
+                content = content_err
+
+            if content:
+                tag = getattr(Junit, 'system-err')
                 self.append(tag(bin_xml_escape(content)))
 
     def append_pass(self, report):
@@ -191,24 +233,56 @@ class _NodeReporter(object):
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
-def record_xml_property(request):
-    """Add extra xml properties to the tag for the calling test.
+def record_property(request):
+    """Add an extra properties the calling test.
+    User properties become part of the test report and are available to the
+    configured reporters, like JUnit XML.
     The fixture is callable with ``(name, value)``, with value being automatically
     xml-encoded.
+
+    Example::
+
+        def test_function(record_property):
+            record_property("example_key", 1)
+    """
+    def append_property(name, value):
+        request.node.user_properties.append((name, value))
+    return append_property
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def record_xml_property(record_property):
+    """(Deprecated) use record_property."""
+    import warnings
+    from _pytest import deprecated
+    warnings.warn(
+        deprecated.RECORD_XML_PROPERTY,
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2
+    )
+
+    return record_property
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def record_xml_attribute(request):
+    """Add extra xml attributes to the tag for the calling test.
+    The fixture is callable with ``(name, value)``, with value being
+    automatically xml-encoded
     """
     request.node.warn(
         code='C3',
-        message='record_xml_property is an experimental feature',
+        message='record_xml_attribute is an experimental feature',
     )
     xml = getattr(request.config, "_xml", None)
     if xml is not None:
         node_reporter = xml.node_reporter(request.node.nodeid)
-        return node_reporter.add_property
+        return node_reporter.add_attribute
     else:
-        def add_property_noop(name, value):
+        def add_attr_noop(name, value):
             pass
 
-        return add_property_noop
+        return add_attr_noop
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
@@ -228,13 +302,18 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
         default=None,
         help="prepend prefix to classnames in junit-xml output")
     parser.addini("junit_suite_name", "Test suite name for JUnit report", default="pytest")
+    parser.addini("junit_logging", "Write captured log messages to JUnit report: "
+                  "one of no|system-out|system-err",
+                  default="no")  # choices=['no', 'stdout', 'stderr'])
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
     xmlpath = config.option.xmlpath
     # prevent opening xmllog on slave nodes (xdist)
     if xmlpath and not hasattr(config, 'slaveinput'):
-        config._xml = LogXML(xmlpath, config.option.junitprefix, config.getini("junit_suite_name"))
+        config._xml = LogXML(xmlpath, config.option.junitprefix,
+                             config.getini("junit_suite_name"),
+                             config.getini("junit_logging"))
         config.pluginmanager.register(config._xml)
 
 
@@ -261,11 +340,12 @@ def mangle_test_address(address):
 
 
 class LogXML(object):
-    def __init__(self, logfile, prefix, suite_name="pytest"):
+    def __init__(self, logfile, prefix, suite_name="pytest", logging="no"):
         logfile = os.path.expanduser(os.path.expandvars(logfile))
         self.logfile = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(logfile))
         self.prefix = prefix
         self.suite_name = suite_name
+        self.logging = logging
         self.stats = dict.fromkeys([
             'error',
             'passed',
@@ -373,6 +453,10 @@ class LogXML(object):
         if report.when == "teardown":
             reporter = self._opentestcase(report)
             reporter.write_captured_output(report)
+
+            for propname, propvalue in report.user_properties:
+                reporter.add_property(propname, propvalue)
+
             self.finalize(report)
             report_wid = getattr(report, "worker_id", None)
             report_ii = getattr(report, "item_index", None)

_pytest/logging.py

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+""" Access and control log capturing. """
 from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
 
 import logging
 from contextlib import closing, contextmanager
-import sys
+import re
 import six
 
+from _pytest.config import create_terminal_writer
 import pytest
 import py
 
@@ -13,6 +15,58 @@ DEFAULT_LOG_FORMAT = '%(filename)-25s %(lineno)4d %(levelname)-8s %(message)s'
 DEFAULT_LOG_DATE_FORMAT = '%H:%M:%S'
 
 
+class ColoredLevelFormatter(logging.Formatter):
+    """
+    Colorize the %(levelname)..s part of the log format passed to __init__.
+    """
+
+    LOGLEVEL_COLOROPTS = {
+        logging.CRITICAL: {'red'},
+        logging.ERROR: {'red', 'bold'},
+        logging.WARNING: {'yellow'},
+        logging.WARN: {'yellow'},
+        logging.INFO: {'green'},
+        logging.DEBUG: {'purple'},
+        logging.NOTSET: set(),
+    }
+    LEVELNAME_FMT_REGEX = re.compile(r'%\(levelname\)([+-]?\d*s)')
+
+    def __init__(self, terminalwriter, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(ColoredLevelFormatter, self).__init__(
+            *args, **kwargs)
+        if six.PY2:
+            self._original_fmt = self._fmt
+        else:
+            self._original_fmt = self._style._fmt
+        self._level_to_fmt_mapping = {}
+
+        levelname_fmt_match = self.LEVELNAME_FMT_REGEX.search(self._fmt)
+        if not levelname_fmt_match:
+            return
+        levelname_fmt = levelname_fmt_match.group()
+
+        for level, color_opts in self.LOGLEVEL_COLOROPTS.items():
+            formatted_levelname = levelname_fmt % {
+                'levelname': logging.getLevelName(level)}
+
+            # add ANSI escape sequences around the formatted levelname
+            color_kwargs = {name: True for name in color_opts}
+            colorized_formatted_levelname = terminalwriter.markup(
+                formatted_levelname, **color_kwargs)
+            self._level_to_fmt_mapping[level] = self.LEVELNAME_FMT_REGEX.sub(
+                colorized_formatted_levelname,
+                self._fmt)
+
+    def format(self, record):
+        fmt = self._level_to_fmt_mapping.get(
+            record.levelno, self._original_fmt)
+        if six.PY2:
+            self._fmt = fmt
+        else:
+            self._style._fmt = fmt
+        return super(ColoredLevelFormatter, self).format(record)
+
+
 def get_option_ini(config, *names):
     for name in names:
         ret = config.getoption(name)  # 'default' arg won't work as expected
@@ -48,6 +102,9 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
         '--log-date-format',
         dest='log_date_format', default=DEFAULT_LOG_DATE_FORMAT,
         help='log date format as used by the logging module.')
+    parser.addini(
+        'log_cli', default=False, type='bool',
+        help='enable log display during test run (also known as "live logging").')
     add_option_ini(
         '--log-cli-level',
         dest='log_cli_level', default=None,
@@ -79,13 +136,14 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
 
 
 @contextmanager
-def catching_logs(handler, formatter=None, level=logging.NOTSET):
+def catching_logs(handler, formatter=None, level=None):
     """Context manager that prepares the whole logging machinery properly."""
     root_logger = logging.getLogger()
 
     if formatter is not None:
         handler.setFormatter(formatter)
-    handler.setLevel(level)
+    if level is not None:
+        handler.setLevel(level)
 
     # Adding the same handler twice would confuse logging system.
     # Just don't do that.
@@ -93,12 +151,14 @@ def catching_logs(handler, formatter=None, level=logging.NOTSET):
 
     if add_new_handler:
         root_logger.addHandler(handler)
-    orig_level = root_logger.level
-    root_logger.setLevel(min(orig_level, level))
+    if level is not None:
+        orig_level = root_logger.level
+        root_logger.setLevel(min(orig_level, level))
     try:
         yield handler
     finally:
-        root_logger.setLevel(orig_level)
+        if level is not None:
+            root_logger.setLevel(orig_level)
         if add_new_handler:
             root_logger.removeHandler(handler)
 
@@ -116,6 +176,10 @@ class LogCaptureHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
         self.records.append(record)
         logging.StreamHandler.emit(self, record)
 
+    def reset(self):
+        self.records = []
+        self.stream = py.io.TextIO()
+
 
 class LogCaptureFixture(object):
     """Provides access and control of log capturing."""
@@ -123,11 +187,43 @@ class LogCaptureFixture(object):
     def __init__(self, item):
         """Creates a new funcarg."""
         self._item = item
+        self._initial_log_levels = {}  # type: Dict[str, int] # dict of log name -> log level
+
+    def _finalize(self):
+        """Finalizes the fixture.
+
+        This restores the log levels changed by :meth:`set_level`.
+        """
+        # restore log levels
+        for logger_name, level in self._initial_log_levels.items():
+            logger = logging.getLogger(logger_name)
+            logger.setLevel(level)
 
     @property
     def handler(self):
+        """
+        :rtype: LogCaptureHandler
+        """
         return self._item.catch_log_handler
 
+    def get_records(self, when):
+        """
+        Get the logging records for one of the possible test phases.
+
+        :param str when:
+            Which test phase to obtain the records from. Valid values are: "setup", "call" and "teardown".
+
+        :rtype: List[logging.LogRecord]
+        :return: the list of captured records at the given stage
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.4
+        """
+        handler = self._item.catch_log_handlers.get(when)
+        if handler:
+            return handler.records
+        else:
+            return []
+
     @property
     def text(self):
         """Returns the log text."""
@@ -150,35 +246,35 @@ class LogCaptureFixture(object):
         return [(r.name, r.levelno, r.getMessage()) for r in self.records]
 
     def clear(self):
-        """Reset the list of log records."""
-        self.handler.records = []
+        """Reset the list of log records and the captured log text."""
+        self.handler.reset()
 
     def set_level(self, level, logger=None):
-        """Sets the level for capturing of logs.
+        """Sets the level for capturing of logs. The level will be restored to its previous value at the end of
+        the test.
 
-        By default, the level is set on the handler used to capture
-        logs. Specify a logger name to instead set the level of any
-        logger.
+        :param int level: the logger to level.
+        :param str logger: the logger to update the level. If not given, the root logger level is updated.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+            The levels of the loggers changed by this function will be restored to their initial values at the
+            end of the test.
         """
-        if logger is None:
-            logger = self.handler
-        else:
-            logger = logging.getLogger(logger)
+        logger_name = logger
+        logger = logging.getLogger(logger_name)
+        # save the original log-level to restore it during teardown
+        self._initial_log_levels.setdefault(logger_name, logger.level)
         logger.setLevel(level)
 
     @contextmanager
     def at_level(self, level, logger=None):
-        """Context manager that sets the level for capturing of logs.
+        """Context manager that sets the level for capturing of logs. After the end of the 'with' statement the
+        level is restored to its original value.
 
-        By default, the level is set on the handler used to capture
-        logs. Specify a logger name to instead set the level of any
-        logger.
+        :param int level: the logger to level.
+        :param str logger: the logger to update the level. If not given, the root logger level is updated.
         """
-        if logger is None:
-            logger = self.handler
-        else:
-            logger = logging.getLogger(logger)
-
+        logger = logging.getLogger(logger)
         orig_level = logger.level
         logger.setLevel(level)
         try:
@@ -193,11 +289,14 @@ def caplog(request):
 
     Captured logs are available through the following methods::
 
-    * caplog.text()          -> string containing formatted log output
-    * caplog.records()       -> list of logging.LogRecord instances
-    * caplog.record_tuples() -> list of (logger_name, level, message) tuples
+    * caplog.text            -> string containing formatted log output
+    * caplog.records         -> list of logging.LogRecord instances
+    * caplog.record_tuples   -> list of (logger_name, level, message) tuples
+    * caplog.clear()         -> clear captured records and formatted log output string
     """
-    return LogCaptureFixture(request.node)
+    result = LogCaptureFixture(request.node)
+    yield result
+    result._finalize()
 
 
 def get_actual_log_level(config, *setting_names):
@@ -227,8 +326,12 @@ def get_actual_log_level(config, *setting_names):
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
-    config.pluginmanager.register(LoggingPlugin(config),
-                                  'logging-plugin')
+    config.pluginmanager.register(LoggingPlugin(config), 'logging-plugin')
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def _dummy_context_manager():
+    yield
 
 
 class LoggingPlugin(object):
@@ -241,57 +344,64 @@ class LoggingPlugin(object):
         The formatter can be safely shared across all handlers so
         create a single one for the entire test session here.
         """
-        self.log_cli_level = get_actual_log_level(
-            config, 'log_cli_level', 'log_level') or logging.WARNING
+        self._config = config
+
+        # enable verbose output automatically if live logging is enabled
+        if self._log_cli_enabled() and not config.getoption('verbose'):
+            # sanity check: terminal reporter should not have been loaded at this point
+            assert self._config.pluginmanager.get_plugin('terminalreporter') is None
+            config.option.verbose = 1
 
         self.print_logs = get_option_ini(config, 'log_print')
-        self.formatter = logging.Formatter(
-            get_option_ini(config, 'log_format'),
-            get_option_ini(config, 'log_date_format'))
-
-        log_cli_handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
-        log_cli_format = get_option_ini(
-            config, 'log_cli_format', 'log_format')
-        log_cli_date_format = get_option_ini(
-            config, 'log_cli_date_format', 'log_date_format')
-        log_cli_formatter = logging.Formatter(
-            log_cli_format,
-            datefmt=log_cli_date_format)
-        self.log_cli_handler = log_cli_handler  # needed for a single unittest
-        self.live_logs = catching_logs(log_cli_handler,
-                                       formatter=log_cli_formatter,
-                                       level=self.log_cli_level)
+        self.formatter = logging.Formatter(get_option_ini(config, 'log_format'),
+                                           get_option_ini(config, 'log_date_format'))
+        self.log_level = get_actual_log_level(config, 'log_level')
 
         log_file = get_option_ini(config, 'log_file')
         if log_file:
-            self.log_file_level = get_actual_log_level(
-                config, 'log_file_level') or logging.WARNING
+            self.log_file_level = get_actual_log_level(config, 'log_file_level')
 
-            log_file_format = get_option_ini(
-                config, 'log_file_format', 'log_format')
-            log_file_date_format = get_option_ini(
-                config, 'log_file_date_format', 'log_date_format')
-            self.log_file_handler = logging.FileHandler(
-                log_file,
-                # Each pytest runtests session will write to a clean logfile
-                mode='w')
-            log_file_formatter = logging.Formatter(
-                log_file_format,
-                datefmt=log_file_date_format)
+            log_file_format = get_option_ini(config, 'log_file_format', 'log_format')
+            log_file_date_format = get_option_ini(config, 'log_file_date_format', 'log_date_format')
+            # Each pytest runtests session will write to a clean logfile
+            self.log_file_handler = logging.FileHandler(log_file, mode='w')
+            log_file_formatter = logging.Formatter(log_file_format, datefmt=log_file_date_format)
             self.log_file_handler.setFormatter(log_file_formatter)
         else:
             self.log_file_handler = None
 
+        # initialized during pytest_runtestloop
+        self.log_cli_handler = None
+
+    def _log_cli_enabled(self):
+        """Return True if log_cli should be considered enabled, either explicitly
+        or because --log-cli-level was given in the command-line.
+        """
+        return self._config.getoption('--log-cli-level') is not None or \
+            self._config.getini('log_cli')
+
     @contextmanager
     def _runtest_for(self, item, when):
         """Implements the internals of pytest_runtest_xxx() hook."""
         with catching_logs(LogCaptureHandler(),
-                           formatter=self.formatter) as log_handler:
+                           formatter=self.formatter, level=self.log_level) as log_handler:
+            if self.log_cli_handler:
+                self.log_cli_handler.set_when(when)
+
+            if item is None:
+                yield  # run the test
+                return
+
+            if not hasattr(item, 'catch_log_handlers'):
+                item.catch_log_handlers = {}
+            item.catch_log_handlers[when] = log_handler
             item.catch_log_handler = log_handler
             try:
                 yield  # run test
             finally:
                 del item.catch_log_handler
+                if when == 'teardown':
+                    del item.catch_log_handlers
 
             if self.print_logs:
                 # Add a captured log section to the report.
@@ -313,10 +423,23 @@ class LoggingPlugin(object):
         with self._runtest_for(item, 'teardown'):
             yield
 
+    @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
+    def pytest_runtest_logstart(self):
+        if self.log_cli_handler:
+            self.log_cli_handler.reset()
+        with self._runtest_for(None, 'start'):
+            yield
+
+    @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
+    def pytest_runtest_logfinish(self):
+        with self._runtest_for(None, 'finish'):
+            yield
+
     @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
     def pytest_runtestloop(self, session):
         """Runs all collected test items."""
-        with self.live_logs:
+        self._setup_cli_logging()
+        with self.live_logs_context:
             if self.log_file_handler is not None:
                 with closing(self.log_file_handler):
                     with catching_logs(self.log_file_handler,
@@ -324,3 +447,76 @@ class LoggingPlugin(object):
                         yield  # run all the tests
             else:
                 yield  # run all the tests
+
+    def _setup_cli_logging(self):
+        """Sets up the handler and logger for the Live Logs feature, if enabled.
+
+        This must be done right before starting the loop so we can access the terminal reporter plugin.
+        """
+        terminal_reporter = self._config.pluginmanager.get_plugin('terminalreporter')
+        if self._log_cli_enabled() and terminal_reporter is not None:
+            capture_manager = self._config.pluginmanager.get_plugin('capturemanager')
+            log_cli_handler = _LiveLoggingStreamHandler(terminal_reporter, capture_manager)
+            log_cli_format = get_option_ini(self._config, 'log_cli_format', 'log_format')
+            log_cli_date_format = get_option_ini(self._config, 'log_cli_date_format', 'log_date_format')
+            if self._config.option.color != 'no' and ColoredLevelFormatter.LEVELNAME_FMT_REGEX.search(log_cli_format):
+                log_cli_formatter = ColoredLevelFormatter(create_terminal_writer(self._config),
+                                                          log_cli_format, datefmt=log_cli_date_format)
+            else:
+                log_cli_formatter = logging.Formatter(log_cli_format, datefmt=log_cli_date_format)
+            log_cli_level = get_actual_log_level(self._config, 'log_cli_level', 'log_level')
+            self.log_cli_handler = log_cli_handler
+            self.live_logs_context = catching_logs(log_cli_handler, formatter=log_cli_formatter, level=log_cli_level)
+        else:
+            self.live_logs_context = _dummy_context_manager()
+
+
+class _LiveLoggingStreamHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
+    """
+    Custom StreamHandler used by the live logging feature: it will write a newline before the first log message
+    in each test.
+
+    During live logging we must also explicitly disable stdout/stderr capturing otherwise it will get captured
+    and won't appear in the terminal.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, terminal_reporter, capture_manager):
+        """
+        :param _pytest.terminal.TerminalReporter terminal_reporter:
+        :param _pytest.capture.CaptureManager capture_manager:
+        """
+        logging.StreamHandler.__init__(self, stream=terminal_reporter)
+        self.capture_manager = capture_manager
+        self.reset()
+        self.set_when(None)
+        self._test_outcome_written = False
+
+    def reset(self):
+        """Reset the handler; should be called before the start of each test"""
+        self._first_record_emitted = False
+
+    def set_when(self, when):
+        """Prepares for the given test phase (setup/call/teardown)"""
+        self._when = when
+        self._section_name_shown = False
+        if when == 'start':
+            self._test_outcome_written = False
+
+    def emit(self, record):
+        if self.capture_manager is not None:
+            self.capture_manager.suspend_global_capture()
+        try:
+            if not self._first_record_emitted:
+                self.stream.write('\n')
+                self._first_record_emitted = True
+            elif self._when in ('teardown', 'finish'):
+                if not self._test_outcome_written:
+                    self._test_outcome_written = True
+                    self.stream.write('\n')
+            if not self._section_name_shown and self._when:
+                self.stream.section('live log ' + self._when, sep='-', bold=True)
+                self._section_name_shown = True
+            logging.StreamHandler.emit(self, record)
+        finally:
+            if self.capture_manager is not None:
+                self.capture_manager.resume_global_capture()

_pytest/main.py

@@ -12,16 +12,11 @@ import _pytest
 from _pytest import nodes
 import _pytest._code
 import py
-try:
-    from collections import MutableMapping as MappingMixin
-except ImportError:
-    from UserDict import DictMixin as MappingMixin
 
 from _pytest.config import directory_arg, UsageError, hookimpl
 from _pytest.outcomes import exit
 from _pytest.runner import collect_one_node
 
-tracebackcutdir = py.path.local(_pytest.__file__).dirpath()
 
 # exitcodes for the command line
 EXIT_OK = 0
@@ -58,6 +53,11 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group._addoption("--continue-on-collection-errors", action="store_true",
                      default=False, dest="continue_on_collection_errors",
                      help="Force test execution even if collection errors occur.")
+    group._addoption("--rootdir", action="store",
+                     dest="rootdir",
+                     help="Define root directory for tests. Can be relative path: 'root_dir', './root_dir', "
+                          "'root_dir/another_dir/'; absolute path: '/home/user/root_dir'; path with variables: "
+                          "'$HOME/root_dir'.")
 
     group = parser.getgroup("collect", "collection")
     group.addoption('--collectonly', '--collect-only', action="store_true",
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
                     help="try to interpret all arguments as python packages.")
     group.addoption("--ignore", action="append", metavar="path",
                     help="ignore path during collection (multi-allowed).")
+    group.addoption("--deselect", action="append", metavar="nodeid_prefix",
+                    help="deselect item during collection (multi-allowed).")
     # when changing this to --conf-cut-dir, config.py Conftest.setinitial
     # needs upgrading as well
     group.addoption('--confcutdir', dest="confcutdir", default=None,
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
-    __import__('pytest').config = config  # compatibiltiy
+    __import__('pytest').config = config  # compatibility
 
 
 def wrap_session(config, doit):
@@ -175,7 +177,7 @@ def _in_venv(path):
     """Attempts to detect if ``path`` is the root of a Virtual Environment by
     checking for the existence of the appropriate activate script"""
     bindir = path.join('Scripts' if sys.platform.startswith('win') else 'bin')
-    if not bindir.exists():
+    if not bindir.isdir():
         return False
     activates = ('activate', 'activate.csh', 'activate.fish',
                  'Activate', 'Activate.bat', 'Activate.ps1')
@@ -208,6 +210,24 @@ def pytest_ignore_collect(path, config):
     return False
 
 
+def pytest_collection_modifyitems(items, config):
+    deselect_prefixes = tuple(config.getoption("deselect") or [])
+    if not deselect_prefixes:
+        return
+
+    remaining = []
+    deselected = []
+    for colitem in items:
+        if colitem.nodeid.startswith(deselect_prefixes):
+            deselected.append(colitem)
+        else:
+            remaining.append(colitem)
+
+    if deselected:
+        config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=deselected)
+        items[:] = remaining
+
+
 @contextlib.contextmanager
 def _patched_find_module():
     """Patch bug in pkgutil.ImpImporter.find_module
@@ -248,7 +268,7 @@ def _patched_find_module():
         yield
 
 
-class FSHookProxy:
+class FSHookProxy(object):
     def __init__(self, fspath, pm, remove_mods):
         self.fspath = fspath
         self.pm = pm
@@ -260,356 +280,6 @@ class FSHookProxy:
         return x
 
 
-class _CompatProperty(object):
-    def __init__(self, name):
-        self.name = name
-
-    def __get__(self, obj, owner):
-        if obj is None:
-            return self
-
-        # TODO: reenable in the features branch
-        # warnings.warn(
-        #     "usage of {owner!r}.{name} is deprecated, please use pytest.{name} instead".format(
-        #         name=self.name, owner=type(owner).__name__),
-        #     PendingDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
-        return getattr(__import__('pytest'), self.name)
-
-
-class NodeKeywords(MappingMixin):
-    def __init__(self, node):
-        self.node = node
-        self.parent = node.parent
-        self._markers = {node.name: True}
-
-    def __getitem__(self, key):
-        try:
-            return self._markers[key]
-        except KeyError:
-            if self.parent is None:
-                raise
-            return self.parent.keywords[key]
-
-    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
-        self._markers[key] = value
-
-    def __delitem__(self, key):
-        raise ValueError("cannot delete key in keywords dict")
-
-    def __iter__(self):
-        seen = set(self._markers)
-        if self.parent is not None:
-            seen.update(self.parent.keywords)
-        return iter(seen)
-
-    def __len__(self):
-        return len(self.__iter__())
-
-    def keys(self):
-        return list(self)
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return "<NodeKeywords for node %s>" % (self.node, )
-
-
-class Node(object):
-    """ base class for Collector and Item the test collection tree.
-    Collector subclasses have children, Items are terminal nodes."""
-
-    def __init__(self, name, parent=None, config=None, session=None):
-        #: a unique name within the scope of the parent node
-        self.name = name
-
-        #: the parent collector node.
-        self.parent = parent
-
-        #: the pytest config object
-        self.config = config or parent.config
-
-        #: the session this node is part of
-        self.session = session or parent.session
-
-        #: filesystem path where this node was collected from (can be None)
-        self.fspath = getattr(parent, 'fspath', None)
-
-        #: keywords/markers collected from all scopes
-        self.keywords = NodeKeywords(self)
-
-        #: allow adding of extra keywords to use for matching
-        self.extra_keyword_matches = set()
-
-        # used for storing artificial fixturedefs for direct parametrization
-        self._name2pseudofixturedef = {}
-
-    @property
-    def ihook(self):
-        """ fspath sensitive hook proxy used to call pytest hooks"""
-        return self.session.gethookproxy(self.fspath)
-
-    Module = _CompatProperty("Module")
-    Class = _CompatProperty("Class")
-    Instance = _CompatProperty("Instance")
-    Function = _CompatProperty("Function")
-    File = _CompatProperty("File")
-    Item = _CompatProperty("Item")
-
-    def _getcustomclass(self, name):
-        maybe_compatprop = getattr(type(self), name)
-        if isinstance(maybe_compatprop, _CompatProperty):
-            return getattr(__import__('pytest'), name)
-        else:
-            cls = getattr(self, name)
-            # TODO: reenable in the features branch
-            # warnings.warn("use of node.%s is deprecated, "
-            #    "use pytest_pycollect_makeitem(...) to create custom "
-            #    "collection nodes" % name, category=DeprecationWarning)
-        return cls
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return "<%s %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__,
-                            getattr(self, 'name', None))
-
-    def warn(self, code, message):
-        """ generate a warning with the given code and message for this
-        item. """
-        assert isinstance(code, str)
-        fslocation = getattr(self, "location", None)
-        if fslocation is None:
-            fslocation = getattr(self, "fspath", None)
-        self.ihook.pytest_logwarning.call_historic(kwargs=dict(
-            code=code, message=message,
-            nodeid=self.nodeid, fslocation=fslocation))
-
-    # methods for ordering nodes
-    @property
-    def nodeid(self):
-        """ a ::-separated string denoting its collection tree address. """
-        try:
-            return self._nodeid
-        except AttributeError:
-            self._nodeid = x = self._makeid()
-            return x
-
-    def _makeid(self):
-        return self.parent.nodeid + "::" + self.name
-
-    def __hash__(self):
-        return hash(self.nodeid)
-
-    def setup(self):
-        pass
-
-    def teardown(self):
-        pass
-
-    def listchain(self):
-        """ return list of all parent collectors up to self,
-            starting from root of collection tree. """
-        chain = []
-        item = self
-        while item is not None:
-            chain.append(item)
-            item = item.parent
-        chain.reverse()
-        return chain
-
-    def add_marker(self, marker):
-        """ dynamically add a marker object to the node.
-
-        ``marker`` can be a string or pytest.mark.* instance.
-        """
-        from _pytest.mark import MarkDecorator, MARK_GEN
-        if isinstance(marker, six.string_types):
-            marker = getattr(MARK_GEN, marker)
-        elif not isinstance(marker, MarkDecorator):
-            raise ValueError("is not a string or pytest.mark.* Marker")
-        self.keywords[marker.name] = marker
-
-    def get_marker(self, name):
-        """ get a marker object from this node or None if
-        the node doesn't have a marker with that name. """
-        val = self.keywords.get(name, None)
-        if val is not None:
-            from _pytest.mark import MarkInfo, MarkDecorator
-            if isinstance(val, (MarkDecorator, MarkInfo)):
-                return val
-
-    def listextrakeywords(self):
-        """ Return a set of all extra keywords in self and any parents."""
-        extra_keywords = set()
-        item = self
-        for item in self.listchain():
-            extra_keywords.update(item.extra_keyword_matches)
-        return extra_keywords
-
-    def listnames(self):
-        return [x.name for x in self.listchain()]
-
-    def addfinalizer(self, fin):
-        """ register a function to be called when this node is finalized.
-
-        This method can only be called when this node is active
-        in a setup chain, for example during self.setup().
-        """
-        self.session._setupstate.addfinalizer(fin, self)
-
-    def getparent(self, cls):
-        """ get the next parent node (including ourself)
-        which is an instance of the given class"""
-        current = self
-        while current and not isinstance(current, cls):
-            current = current.parent
-        return current
-
-    def _prunetraceback(self, excinfo):
-        pass
-
-    def _repr_failure_py(self, excinfo, style=None):
-        fm = self.session._fixturemanager
-        if excinfo.errisinstance(fm.FixtureLookupError):
-            return excinfo.value.formatrepr()
-        tbfilter = True
-        if self.config.option.fulltrace:
-            style = "long"
-        else:
-            tb = _pytest._code.Traceback([excinfo.traceback[-1]])
-            self._prunetraceback(excinfo)
-            if len(excinfo.traceback) == 0:
-                excinfo.traceback = tb
-            tbfilter = False  # prunetraceback already does it
-            if style == "auto":
-                style = "long"
-        # XXX should excinfo.getrepr record all data and toterminal() process it?
-        if style is None:
-            if self.config.option.tbstyle == "short":
-                style = "short"
-            else:
-                style = "long"
-
-        try:
-            os.getcwd()
-            abspath = False
-        except OSError:
-            abspath = True
-
-        return excinfo.getrepr(funcargs=True, abspath=abspath,
-                               showlocals=self.config.option.showlocals,
-                               style=style, tbfilter=tbfilter)
-
-    repr_failure = _repr_failure_py
-
-
-class Collector(Node):
-    """ Collector instances create children through collect()
-        and thus iteratively build a tree.
-    """
-
-    class CollectError(Exception):
-        """ an error during collection, contains a custom message. """
-
-    def collect(self):
-        """ returns a list of children (items and collectors)
-            for this collection node.
-        """
-        raise NotImplementedError("abstract")
-
-    def repr_failure(self, excinfo):
-        """ represent a collection failure. """
-        if excinfo.errisinstance(self.CollectError):
-            exc = excinfo.value
-            return str(exc.args[0])
-        return self._repr_failure_py(excinfo, style="short")
-
-    def _prunetraceback(self, excinfo):
-        if hasattr(self, 'fspath'):
-            traceback = excinfo.traceback
-            ntraceback = traceback.cut(path=self.fspath)
-            if ntraceback == traceback:
-                ntraceback = ntraceback.cut(excludepath=tracebackcutdir)
-            excinfo.traceback = ntraceback.filter()
-
-
-class FSCollector(Collector):
-    def __init__(self, fspath, parent=None, config=None, session=None):
-        fspath = py.path.local(fspath)  # xxx only for test_resultlog.py?
-        name = fspath.basename
-        if parent is not None:
-            rel = fspath.relto(parent.fspath)
-            if rel:
-                name = rel
-            name = name.replace(os.sep, nodes.SEP)
-        super(FSCollector, self).__init__(name, parent, config, session)
-        self.fspath = fspath
-
-    def _check_initialpaths_for_relpath(self):
-        for initialpath in self.session._initialpaths:
-            if self.fspath.common(initialpath) == initialpath:
-                return self.fspath.relto(initialpath.dirname)
-
-    def _makeid(self):
-        relpath = self.fspath.relto(self.config.rootdir)
-
-        if not relpath:
-            relpath = self._check_initialpaths_for_relpath()
-        if os.sep != nodes.SEP:
-            relpath = relpath.replace(os.sep, nodes.SEP)
-        return relpath
-
-
-class File(FSCollector):
-    """ base class for collecting tests from a file. """
-
-
-class Item(Node):
-    """ a basic test invocation item. Note that for a single function
-    there might be multiple test invocation items.
-    """
-    nextitem = None
-
-    def __init__(self, name, parent=None, config=None, session=None):
-        super(Item, self).__init__(name, parent, config, session)
-        self._report_sections = []
-
-    def add_report_section(self, when, key, content):
-        """
-        Adds a new report section, similar to what's done internally to add stdout and
-        stderr captured output::
-
-            item.add_report_section("call", "stdout", "report section contents")
-
-        :param str when:
-            One of the possible capture states, ``"setup"``, ``"call"``, ``"teardown"``.
-        :param str key:
-            Name of the section, can be customized at will. Pytest uses ``"stdout"`` and
-            ``"stderr"`` internally.
-
-        :param str content:
-            The full contents as a string.
-        """
-        if content:
-            self._report_sections.append((when, key, content))
-
-    def reportinfo(self):
-        return self.fspath, None, ""
-
-    @property
-    def location(self):
-        try:
-            return self._location
-        except AttributeError:
-            location = self.reportinfo()
-            # bestrelpath is a quite slow function
-            cache = self.config.__dict__.setdefault("_bestrelpathcache", {})
-            try:
-                fspath = cache[location[0]]
-            except KeyError:
-                fspath = self.session.fspath.bestrelpath(location[0])
-                cache[location[0]] = fspath
-            location = (fspath, location[1], str(location[2]))
-            self._location = location
-            return location
-
-
 class NoMatch(Exception):
     """ raised if matching cannot locate a matching names. """
 
@@ -620,16 +290,17 @@ class Interrupted(KeyboardInterrupt):
 
 
 class Failed(Exception):
-    """ signals an stop as failed test run. """
+    """ signals a stop as failed test run. """
 
 
-class Session(FSCollector):
+class Session(nodes.FSCollector):
     Interrupted = Interrupted
     Failed = Failed
 
     def __init__(self, config):
-        FSCollector.__init__(self, config.rootdir, parent=None,
-                             config=config, session=self)
+        nodes.FSCollector.__init__(
+            self, config.rootdir, parent=None,
+            config=config, session=self, nodeid="")
         self.testsfailed = 0
         self.testscollected = 0
         self.shouldstop = False
@@ -637,10 +308,8 @@ class Session(FSCollector):
         self.trace = config.trace.root.get("collection")
         self._norecursepatterns = config.getini("norecursedirs")
         self.startdir = py.path.local()
-        self.config.pluginmanager.register(self, name="session")
 
-    def _makeid(self):
-        return ""
+        self.config.pluginmanager.register(self, name="session")
 
     @hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
     def pytest_collectstart(self):
@@ -664,7 +333,7 @@ class Session(FSCollector):
 
     def gethookproxy(self, fspath):
         # check if we have the common case of running
-        # hooks with all conftest.py filesall conftest.py
+        # hooks with all conftest.py files
         pm = self.config.pluginmanager
         my_conftestmodules = pm._getconftestmodules(fspath)
         remove_mods = pm._conftest_plugins.difference(my_conftestmodules)
@@ -826,11 +495,11 @@ class Session(FSCollector):
         nextnames = names[1:]
         resultnodes = []
         for node in matching:
-            if isinstance(node, Item):
+            if isinstance(node, nodes.Item):
                 if not names:
                     resultnodes.append(node)
                 continue
-            assert isinstance(node, Collector)
+            assert isinstance(node, nodes.Collector)
             rep = collect_one_node(node)
             if rep.passed:
                 has_matched = False
@@ -852,11 +521,11 @@ class Session(FSCollector):
 
     def genitems(self, node):
         self.trace("genitems", node)
-        if isinstance(node, Item):
+        if isinstance(node, nodes.Item):
             node.ihook.pytest_itemcollected(item=node)
             yield node
         else:
-            assert isinstance(node, Collector)
+            assert isinstance(node, nodes.Collector)
             rep = collect_one_node(node)
             if rep.passed:
                 for subnode in rep.result:

_pytest/mark/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+""" generic mechanism for marking and selecting python functions. """
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+from _pytest.config import UsageError
+from .structures import (
+    ParameterSet, EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION, MARK_GEN,
+    Mark, MarkInfo, MarkDecorator, MarkGenerator,
+    transfer_markers, get_empty_parameterset_mark
+)
+from .legacy import matchkeyword, matchmark
+
+__all__ = [
+    'Mark', 'MarkInfo', 'MarkDecorator', 'MarkGenerator',
+    'transfer_markers', 'get_empty_parameterset_mark'
+]
+
+
+class MarkerError(Exception):
+
+    """Error in use of a pytest marker/attribute."""
+
+
+def param(*values, **kw):
+    """Specify a parameter in `pytest.mark.parametrize`_ calls or
+    :ref:`parametrized fixtures <fixture-parametrize-marks>`.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        @pytest.mark.parametrize("test_input,expected", [
+            ("3+5", 8),
+            pytest.param("6*9", 42, marks=pytest.mark.xfail),
+        ])
+        def test_eval(test_input, expected):
+            assert eval(test_input) == expected
+
+    :param values: variable args of the values of the parameter set, in order.
+    :keyword marks: a single mark or a list of marks to be applied to this parameter set.
+    :keyword str id: the id to attribute to this parameter set.
+    """
+    return ParameterSet.param(*values, **kw)
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser):
+    group = parser.getgroup("general")
+    group._addoption(
+        '-k',
+        action="store", dest="keyword", default='', metavar="EXPRESSION",
+        help="only run tests which match the given substring expression. "
+             "An expression is a python evaluatable expression "
+             "where all names are substring-matched against test names "
+             "and their parent classes. Example: -k 'test_method or test_"
+             "other' matches all test functions and classes whose name "
+             "contains 'test_method' or 'test_other', while -k 'not test_method' "
+             "matches those that don't contain 'test_method' in their names. "
+             "Additionally keywords are matched to classes and functions "
+             "containing extra names in their 'extra_keyword_matches' set, "
+             "as well as functions which have names assigned directly to them."
+    )
+
+    group._addoption(
+        "-m",
+        action="store", dest="markexpr", default="", metavar="MARKEXPR",
+        help="only run tests matching given mark expression.  "
+             "example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'."
+    )
+
+    group.addoption(
+        "--markers", action="store_true",
+        help="show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones)."
+    )
+
+    parser.addini("markers", "markers for test functions", 'linelist')
+    parser.addini(
+        EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION,
+        "default marker for empty parametersets")
+
+
+def pytest_cmdline_main(config):
+    import _pytest.config
+    if config.option.markers:
+        config._do_configure()
+        tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(config)
+        for line in config.getini("markers"):
+            parts = line.split(":", 1)
+            name = parts[0]
+            rest = parts[1] if len(parts) == 2 else ''
+            tw.write("@pytest.mark.%s:" % name, bold=True)
+            tw.line(rest)
+            tw.line()
+        config._ensure_unconfigure()
+        return 0
+
+
+pytest_cmdline_main.tryfirst = True
+
+
+def deselect_by_keyword(items, config):
+    keywordexpr = config.option.keyword.lstrip()
+    if keywordexpr.startswith("-"):
+        keywordexpr = "not " + keywordexpr[1:]
+    selectuntil = False
+    if keywordexpr[-1:] == ":":
+        selectuntil = True
+        keywordexpr = keywordexpr[:-1]
+
+    remaining = []
+    deselected = []
+    for colitem in items:
+        if keywordexpr and not matchkeyword(colitem, keywordexpr):
+            deselected.append(colitem)
+        else:
+            if selectuntil:
+                keywordexpr = None
+            remaining.append(colitem)
+
+    if deselected:
+        config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=deselected)
+        items[:] = remaining
+
+
+def deselect_by_mark(items, config):
+    matchexpr = config.option.markexpr
+    if not matchexpr:
+        return
+
+    remaining = []
+    deselected = []
+    for item in items:
+        if matchmark(item, matchexpr):
+            remaining.append(item)
+        else:
+            deselected.append(item)
+
+    if deselected:
+        config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=deselected)
+        items[:] = remaining
+
+
+def pytest_collection_modifyitems(items, config):
+    deselect_by_keyword(items, config)
+    deselect_by_mark(items, config)
+
+
+def pytest_configure(config):
+    config._old_mark_config = MARK_GEN._config
+    if config.option.strict:
+        MARK_GEN._config = config
+
+    empty_parameterset = config.getini(EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION)
+
+    if empty_parameterset not in ('skip', 'xfail', None, ''):
+        raise UsageError(
+            "{!s} must be one of skip and xfail,"
+            " but it is {!r}".format(EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION, empty_parameterset))
+
+
+def pytest_unconfigure(config):
+    MARK_GEN._config = getattr(config, '_old_mark_config', None)

_pytest/mark/evaluate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+import os
+import six
+import sys
+import platform
+import traceback
+
+from ..outcomes import fail, TEST_OUTCOME
+
+
+def cached_eval(config, expr, d):
+    if not hasattr(config, '_evalcache'):
+        config._evalcache = {}
+    try:
+        return config._evalcache[expr]
+    except KeyError:
+        import _pytest._code
+        exprcode = _pytest._code.compile(expr, mode="eval")
+        config._evalcache[expr] = x = eval(exprcode, d)
+        return x
+
+
+class MarkEvaluator(object):
+    def __init__(self, item, name):
+        self.item = item
+        self._marks = None
+        self._mark = None
+        self._mark_name = name
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        # dont cache here to prevent staleness
+        return bool(self._get_marks())
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__
+
+    def wasvalid(self):
+        return not hasattr(self, 'exc')
+
+    def _get_marks(self):
+        return list(self.item.iter_markers(name=self._mark_name))
+
+    def invalidraise(self, exc):
+        raises = self.get('raises')
+        if not raises:
+            return
+        return not isinstance(exc, raises)
+
+    def istrue(self):
+        try:
+            return self._istrue()
+        except TEST_OUTCOME:
+            self.exc = sys.exc_info()
+            if isinstance(self.exc[1], SyntaxError):
+                msg = [" " * (self.exc[1].offset + 4) + "^", ]
+                msg.append("SyntaxError: invalid syntax")
+            else:
+                msg = traceback.format_exception_only(*self.exc[:2])
+            fail("Error evaluating %r expression\n"
+                 "    %s\n"
+                 "%s"
+                 % (self._mark_name, self.expr, "\n".join(msg)),
+                 pytrace=False)
+
+    def _getglobals(self):
+        d = {'os': os, 'sys': sys, 'platform': platform, 'config': self.item.config}
+        if hasattr(self.item, 'obj'):
+            d.update(self.item.obj.__globals__)
+        return d
+
+    def _istrue(self):
+        if hasattr(self, 'result'):
+            return self.result
+        self._marks = self._get_marks()
+
+        if self._marks:
+            self.result = False
+            for mark in self._marks:
+                self._mark = mark
+                if 'condition' in mark.kwargs:
+                    args = (mark.kwargs['condition'],)
+                else:
+                    args = mark.args
+
+                for expr in args:
+                    self.expr = expr
+                    if isinstance(expr, six.string_types):
+                        d = self._getglobals()
+                        result = cached_eval(self.item.config, expr, d)
+                    else:
+                        if "reason" not in mark.kwargs:
+                            # XXX better be checked at collection time
+                            msg = "you need to specify reason=STRING " \
+                                  "when using booleans as conditions."
+                            fail(msg)
+                        result = bool(expr)
+                    if result:
+                        self.result = True
+                        self.reason = mark.kwargs.get('reason', None)
+                        self.expr = expr
+                        return self.result
+
+                if not args:
+                    self.result = True
+                    self.reason = mark.kwargs.get('reason', None)
+                    return self.result
+        return False
+
+    def get(self, attr, default=None):
+        if self._mark is None:
+            return default
+        return self._mark.kwargs.get(attr, default)
+
+    def getexplanation(self):
+        expl = getattr(self, 'reason', None) or self.get('reason', None)
+        if not expl:
+            if not hasattr(self, 'expr'):
+                return ""
+            else:
+                return "condition: " + str(self.expr)
+        return expl

_pytest/mark/legacy.py

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+"""
+this is a place where we put datastructures used by legacy apis
+we hope ot remove
+"""
+import attr
+import keyword
+
+from _pytest.config import UsageError
+
+
+@attr.s
+class MarkMapping(object):
+    """Provides a local mapping for markers where item access
+    resolves to True if the marker is present. """
+
+    own_mark_names = attr.ib()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_item(cls, item):
+        mark_names = set(mark.name for mark in item.iter_markers())
+        return cls(mark_names)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name):
+        return name in self.own_mark_names
+
+
+class KeywordMapping(object):
+    """Provides a local mapping for keywords.
+    Given a list of names, map any substring of one of these names to True.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, names):
+        self._names = names
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_item(cls, item):
+        mapped_names = set()
+
+        # Add the names of the current item and any parent items
+        import pytest
+        for item in item.listchain():
+            if not isinstance(item, pytest.Instance):
+                mapped_names.add(item.name)
+
+        # Add the names added as extra keywords to current or parent items
+        for name in item.listextrakeywords():
+            mapped_names.add(name)
+
+        # Add the names attached to the current function through direct assignment
+        if hasattr(item, 'function'):
+            for name in item.function.__dict__:
+                mapped_names.add(name)
+
+        return cls(mapped_names)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, subname):
+        for name in self._names:
+            if subname in name:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+python_keywords_allowed_list = ["or", "and", "not"]
+
+
+def matchmark(colitem, markexpr):
+    """Tries to match on any marker names, attached to the given colitem."""
+    return eval(markexpr, {}, MarkMapping.from_item(colitem))
+
+
+def matchkeyword(colitem, keywordexpr):
+    """Tries to match given keyword expression to given collector item.
+
+    Will match on the name of colitem, including the names of its parents.
+    Only matches names of items which are either a :class:`Class` or a
+    :class:`Function`.
+    Additionally, matches on names in the 'extra_keyword_matches' set of
+    any item, as well as names directly assigned to test functions.
+    """
+    mapping = KeywordMapping.from_item(colitem)
+    if " " not in keywordexpr:
+        # special case to allow for simple "-k pass" and "-k 1.3"
+        return mapping[keywordexpr]
+    elif keywordexpr.startswith("not ") and " " not in keywordexpr[4:]:
+        return not mapping[keywordexpr[4:]]
+    for kwd in keywordexpr.split():
+        if keyword.iskeyword(kwd) and kwd not in python_keywords_allowed_list:
+            raise UsageError("Python keyword '{}' not accepted in expressions passed to '-k'".format(kwd))
+    try:
+        return eval(keywordexpr, {}, mapping)
+    except SyntaxError:
+        raise UsageError("Wrong expression passed to '-k': {}".format(keywordexpr))

_pytest/mark/structures.py

@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
-""" generic mechanism for marking and selecting python functions. """
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
-
 import inspect
 import warnings
-import attr
 from collections import namedtuple
 from operator import attrgetter
-from six.moves import map
-from .deprecated import MARK_PARAMETERSET_UNPACKING
-from .compat import NOTSET, getfslineno
+
+import attr
+
+from ..deprecated import MARK_PARAMETERSET_UNPACKING, MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE
+from ..compat import NOTSET, getfslineno, MappingMixin
+from six.moves import map, reduce
+
+
+EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION = "empty_parameter_set_mark"
 
 
 def alias(name, warning=None):
@@ -21,6 +23,25 @@ def alias(name, warning=None):
     return property(getter if warning is None else warned, doc='alias for ' + name)
 
 
+def istestfunc(func):
+    return hasattr(func, "__call__") and \
+        getattr(func, "__name__", "<lambda>") != "<lambda>"
+
+
+def get_empty_parameterset_mark(config, argnames, func):
+    requested_mark = config.getini(EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION)
+    if requested_mark in ('', None, 'skip'):
+        mark = MARK_GEN.skip
+    elif requested_mark == 'xfail':
+        mark = MARK_GEN.xfail(run=False)
+    else:
+        raise LookupError(requested_mark)
+    fs, lineno = getfslineno(func)
+    reason = "got empty parameter set %r, function %s at %s:%d" % (
+        argnames, func.__name__, fs, lineno)
+    return mark(reason=reason)
+
+
 class ParameterSet(namedtuple('ParameterSet', 'values, marks, id')):
     @classmethod
     def param(cls, *values, **kw):
@@ -33,8 +54,8 @@ class ParameterSet(namedtuple('ParameterSet', 'values, marks, id')):
         def param_extract_id(id=None):
             return id
 
-        id = param_extract_id(**kw)
-        return cls(values, marks, id)
+        id_ = param_extract_id(**kw)
+        return cls(values, marks, id_)
 
     @classmethod
     def extract_from(cls, parameterset, legacy_force_tuple=False):
@@ -70,7 +91,7 @@ class ParameterSet(namedtuple('ParameterSet', 'values, marks, id')):
         return cls(argval, marks=newmarks, id=None)
 
     @classmethod
-    def _for_parameterize(cls, argnames, argvalues, function):
+    def _for_parametrize(cls, argnames, argvalues, func, config):
         if not isinstance(argnames, (tuple, list)):
             argnames = [x.strip() for x in argnames.split(",") if x.strip()]
             force_tuple = len(argnames) == 1
@@ -82,10 +103,7 @@ class ParameterSet(namedtuple('ParameterSet', 'values, marks, id')):
         del argvalues
 
         if not parameters:
-            fs, lineno = getfslineno(function)
-            reason = "got empty parameter set %r, function %s at %s:%d" % (
-                argnames, function.__name__, fs, lineno)
-            mark = MARK_GEN.skip(reason=reason)
+            mark = get_empty_parameterset_mark(config, argnames, func)
             parameters.append(ParameterSet(
                 values=(NOTSET,) * len(argnames),
                 marks=[mark],
@@ -94,232 +112,23 @@ class ParameterSet(namedtuple('ParameterSet', 'values, marks, id')):
         return argnames, parameters
 
 
-class MarkerError(Exception):
-
-    """Error in use of a pytest marker/attribute."""
-
-
-def param(*values, **kw):
-    return ParameterSet.param(*values, **kw)
-
-
-def pytest_addoption(parser):
-    group = parser.getgroup("general")
-    group._addoption(
-        '-k',
-        action="store", dest="keyword", default='', metavar="EXPRESSION",
-        help="only run tests which match the given substring expression. "
-             "An expression is a python evaluatable expression "
-             "where all names are substring-matched against test names "
-             "and their parent classes. Example: -k 'test_method or test_"
-             "other' matches all test functions and classes whose name "
-             "contains 'test_method' or 'test_other', while -k 'not test_method' "
-             "matches those that don't contain 'test_method' in their names. "
-             "Additionally keywords are matched to classes and functions "
-             "containing extra names in their 'extra_keyword_matches' set, "
-             "as well as functions which have names assigned directly to them."
-    )
-
-    group._addoption(
-        "-m",
-        action="store", dest="markexpr", default="", metavar="MARKEXPR",
-        help="only run tests matching given mark expression.  "
-             "example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'."
-    )
-
-    group.addoption(
-        "--markers", action="store_true",
-        help="show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones)."
-    )
-
-    parser.addini("markers", "markers for test functions", 'linelist')
-
-
-def pytest_cmdline_main(config):
-    import _pytest.config
-    if config.option.markers:
-        config._do_configure()
-        tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(config)
-        for line in config.getini("markers"):
-            parts = line.split(":", 1)
-            name = parts[0]
-            rest = parts[1] if len(parts) == 2 else ''
-            tw.write("@pytest.mark.%s:" % name, bold=True)
-            tw.line(rest)
-            tw.line()
-        config._ensure_unconfigure()
-        return 0
-
-
-pytest_cmdline_main.tryfirst = True
-
-
-def pytest_collection_modifyitems(items, config):
-    keywordexpr = config.option.keyword.lstrip()
-    matchexpr = config.option.markexpr
-    if not keywordexpr and not matchexpr:
-        return
-    # pytest used to allow "-" for negating
-    # but today we just allow "-" at the beginning, use "not" instead
-    # we probably remove "-" altogether soon
-    if keywordexpr.startswith("-"):
-        keywordexpr = "not " + keywordexpr[1:]
-    selectuntil = False
-    if keywordexpr[-1:] == ":":
-        selectuntil = True
-        keywordexpr = keywordexpr[:-1]
-
-    remaining = []
-    deselected = []
-    for colitem in items:
-        if keywordexpr and not matchkeyword(colitem, keywordexpr):
-            deselected.append(colitem)
-        else:
-            if selectuntil:
-                keywordexpr = None
-            if matchexpr:
-                if not matchmark(colitem, matchexpr):
-                    deselected.append(colitem)
-                    continue
-            remaining.append(colitem)
-
-    if deselected:
-        config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=deselected)
-        items[:] = remaining
-
-
-@attr.s
-class MarkMapping(object):
-    """Provides a local mapping for markers where item access
-    resolves to True if the marker is present. """
-
-    own_mark_names = attr.ib()
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_keywords(cls, keywords):
-        mark_names = set()
-        for key, value in keywords.items():
-            if isinstance(value, MarkInfo) or isinstance(value, MarkDecorator):
-                mark_names.add(key)
-        return cls(mark_names)
-
-    def __getitem__(self, name):
-        return name in self.own_mark_names
-
-
-class KeywordMapping(object):
-    """Provides a local mapping for keywords.
-    Given a list of names, map any substring of one of these names to True.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, names):
-        self._names = names
-
-    def __getitem__(self, subname):
-        for name in self._names:
-            if subname in name:
-                return True
-        return False
-
-
-def matchmark(colitem, markexpr):
-    """Tries to match on any marker names, attached to the given colitem."""
-    return eval(markexpr, {}, MarkMapping.from_keywords(colitem.keywords))
-
-
-def matchkeyword(colitem, keywordexpr):
-    """Tries to match given keyword expression to given collector item.
-
-    Will match on the name of colitem, including the names of its parents.
-    Only matches names of items which are either a :class:`Class` or a
-    :class:`Function`.
-    Additionally, matches on names in the 'extra_keyword_matches' set of
-    any item, as well as names directly assigned to test functions.
-    """
-    mapped_names = set()
-
-    # Add the names of the current item and any parent items
-    import pytest
-    for item in colitem.listchain():
-        if not isinstance(item, pytest.Instance):
-            mapped_names.add(item.name)
-
-    # Add the names added as extra keywords to current or parent items
-    for name in colitem.listextrakeywords():
-        mapped_names.add(name)
-
-    # Add the names attached to the current function through direct assignment
-    if hasattr(colitem, 'function'):
-        for name in colitem.function.__dict__:
-            mapped_names.add(name)
-
-    mapping = KeywordMapping(mapped_names)
-    if " " not in keywordexpr:
-        # special case to allow for simple "-k pass" and "-k 1.3"
-        return mapping[keywordexpr]
-    elif keywordexpr.startswith("not ") and " " not in keywordexpr[4:]:
-        return not mapping[keywordexpr[4:]]
-    return eval(keywordexpr, {}, mapping)
-
-
-def pytest_configure(config):
-    config._old_mark_config = MARK_GEN._config
-    if config.option.strict:
-        MARK_GEN._config = config
-
-
-def pytest_unconfigure(config):
-    MARK_GEN._config = getattr(config, '_old_mark_config', None)
-
-
-class MarkGenerator:
-    """ Factory for :class:`MarkDecorator` objects - exposed as
-    a ``pytest.mark`` singleton instance.  Example::
-
-         import pytest
-         @pytest.mark.slowtest
-         def test_function():
-            pass
-
-    will set a 'slowtest' :class:`MarkInfo` object
-    on the ``test_function`` object. """
-    _config = None
-
-    def __getattr__(self, name):
-        if name[0] == "_":
-            raise AttributeError("Marker name must NOT start with underscore")
-        if self._config is not None:
-            self._check(name)
-        return MarkDecorator(Mark(name, (), {}))
-
-    def _check(self, name):
-        try:
-            if name in self._markers:
-                return
-        except AttributeError:
-            pass
-        self._markers = values = set()
-        for line in self._config.getini("markers"):
-            marker = line.split(":", 1)[0]
-            marker = marker.rstrip()
-            x = marker.split("(", 1)[0]
-            values.add(x)
-        if name not in self._markers:
-            raise AttributeError("%r not a registered marker" % (name,))
-
-
-def istestfunc(func):
-    return hasattr(func, "__call__") and \
-        getattr(func, "__name__", "<lambda>") != "<lambda>"
-
-
 @attr.s(frozen=True)
 class Mark(object):
-    name = attr.ib()
-    args = attr.ib()
-    kwargs = attr.ib()
+    #: name of the mark
+    name = attr.ib(type=str)
+    #: positional arguments of the mark decorator
+    args = attr.ib(type="List[object]")
+    #: keyword arguments of the mark decorator
+    kwargs = attr.ib(type="Dict[str, object]")
 
     def combined_with(self, other):
+        """
+        :param other: the mark to combine with
+        :type other: Mark
+        :rtype: Mark
+
+        combines by appending aargs and merging the mappings
+        """
         assert self.name == other.name
         return Mark(
             self.name, self.args + other.args,
@@ -406,7 +215,7 @@ class MarkDecorator(object):
 
 def get_unpacked_marks(obj):
     """
-    obtain the unpacked marks that are stored on a object
+    obtain the unpacked marks that are stored on an object
     """
     mark_list = getattr(obj, 'pytestmark', [])
 
@@ -419,7 +228,7 @@ def get_unpacked_marks(obj):
 
 
 def store_mark(obj, mark):
-    """store a Mark on a object
+    """store a Mark on an object
     this is used to implement the Mark declarations/decorators correctly
     """
     assert isinstance(mark, Mark), mark
@@ -435,52 +244,12 @@ def store_legacy_markinfo(func, mark):
         raise TypeError("got {mark!r} instead of a Mark".format(mark=mark))
     holder = getattr(func, mark.name, None)
     if holder is None:
-        holder = MarkInfo(mark)
+        holder = MarkInfo.for_mark(mark)
         setattr(func, mark.name, holder)
     else:
         holder.add_mark(mark)
 
 
-class MarkInfo(object):
-    """ Marking object created by :class:`MarkDecorator` instances. """
-
-    def __init__(self, mark):
-        assert isinstance(mark, Mark), repr(mark)
-        self.combined = mark
-        self._marks = [mark]
-
-    name = alias('combined.name')
-    args = alias('combined.args')
-    kwargs = alias('combined.kwargs')
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return "<MarkInfo {0!r}>".format(self.combined)
-
-    def add_mark(self, mark):
-        """ add a MarkInfo with the given args and kwargs. """
-        self._marks.append(mark)
-        self.combined = self.combined.combined_with(mark)
-
-    def __iter__(self):
-        """ yield MarkInfo objects each relating to a marking-call. """
-        return map(MarkInfo, self._marks)
-
-
-MARK_GEN = MarkGenerator()
-
-
-def _marked(func, mark):
-    """ Returns True if :func: is already marked with :mark:, False otherwise.
-    This can happen if marker is applied to class and the test file is
-    invoked more than once.
-    """
-    try:
-        func_mark = getattr(func, mark.name)
-    except AttributeError:
-        return False
-    return mark.args == func_mark.args and mark.kwargs == func_mark.kwargs
-
-
 def transfer_markers(funcobj, cls, mod):
     """
     this function transfers class level markers and module level markers
@@ -494,3 +263,152 @@ def transfer_markers(funcobj, cls, mod):
         for mark in get_unpacked_marks(obj):
             if not _marked(funcobj, mark):
                 store_legacy_markinfo(funcobj, mark)
+
+
+def _marked(func, mark):
+    """ Returns True if :func: is already marked with :mark:, False otherwise.
+    This can happen if marker is applied to class and the test file is
+    invoked more than once.
+    """
+    try:
+        func_mark = getattr(func, getattr(mark, 'combined', mark).name)
+    except AttributeError:
+        return False
+    return any(mark == info.combined for info in func_mark)
+
+
+@attr.s
+class MarkInfo(object):
+    """ Marking object created by :class:`MarkDecorator` instances. """
+
+    _marks = attr.ib()
+    combined = attr.ib(
+        repr=False,
+        default=attr.Factory(lambda self: reduce(Mark.combined_with, self._marks),
+                             takes_self=True))
+
+    name = alias('combined.name', warning=MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE)
+    args = alias('combined.args', warning=MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE)
+    kwargs = alias('combined.kwargs', warning=MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def for_mark(cls, mark):
+        return cls([mark])
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<MarkInfo {0!r}>".format(self.combined)
+
+    def add_mark(self, mark):
+        """ add a MarkInfo with the given args and kwargs. """
+        self._marks.append(mark)
+        self.combined = self.combined.combined_with(mark)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """ yield MarkInfo objects each relating to a marking-call. """
+        return map(MarkInfo.for_mark, self._marks)
+
+
+class MarkGenerator(object):
+    """ Factory for :class:`MarkDecorator` objects - exposed as
+    a ``pytest.mark`` singleton instance.  Example::
+
+         import pytest
+         @pytest.mark.slowtest
+         def test_function():
+            pass
+
+    will set a 'slowtest' :class:`MarkInfo` object
+    on the ``test_function`` object. """
+    _config = None
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name[0] == "_":
+            raise AttributeError("Marker name must NOT start with underscore")
+        if self._config is not None:
+            self._check(name)
+        return MarkDecorator(Mark(name, (), {}))
+
+    def _check(self, name):
+        try:
+            if name in self._markers:
+                return
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        self._markers = values = set()
+        for line in self._config.getini("markers"):
+            marker = line.split(":", 1)[0]
+            marker = marker.rstrip()
+            x = marker.split("(", 1)[0]
+            values.add(x)
+        if name not in self._markers:
+            raise AttributeError("%r not a registered marker" % (name,))
+
+
+MARK_GEN = MarkGenerator()
+
+
+class NodeKeywords(MappingMixin):
+    def __init__(self, node):
+        self.node = node
+        self.parent = node.parent
+        self._markers = {node.name: True}
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        try:
+            return self._markers[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            if self.parent is None:
+                raise
+            return self.parent.keywords[key]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        self._markers[key] = value
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        raise ValueError("cannot delete key in keywords dict")
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        seen = self._seen()
+        return iter(seen)
+
+    def _seen(self):
+        seen = set(self._markers)
+        if self.parent is not None:
+            seen.update(self.parent.keywords)
+        return seen
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._seen())
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<NodeKeywords for node %s>" % (self.node, )
+
+
+@attr.s(cmp=False, hash=False)
+class NodeMarkers(object):
+    """
+    internal strucutre for storing marks belongong to a node
+
+    ..warning::
+
+        unstable api
+
+    """
+    own_markers = attr.ib(default=attr.Factory(list))
+
+    def update(self, add_markers):
+        """update the own markers
+        """
+        self.own_markers.extend(add_markers)
+
+    def find(self, name):
+        """
+        find markers in own nodes or parent nodes
+        needs a better place
+        """
+        for mark in self.own_markers:
+            if mark.name == name:
+                yield mark
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.own_markers)

_pytest/monkeypatch.py

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
 import os
 import sys
 import re
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+
 import six
 from _pytest.fixtures import fixture
 
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ def derive_importpath(import_path, raising):
     return attr, target
 
 
-class Notset:
+class Notset(object):
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<notset>"
 
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@ class Notset:
 notset = Notset()
 
 
-class MonkeyPatch:
+class MonkeyPatch(object):
     """ Object returned by the ``monkeypatch`` fixture keeping a record of setattr/item/env/syspath changes.
     """
 
@@ -106,6 +108,29 @@ class MonkeyPatch:
         self._cwd = None
         self._savesyspath = None
 
+    @contextmanager
+    def context(self):
+        """
+        Context manager that returns a new :class:`MonkeyPatch` object which
+        undoes any patching done inside the ``with`` block upon exit:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            import functools
+            def test_partial(monkeypatch):
+                with monkeypatch.context() as m:
+                    m.setattr(functools, "partial", 3)
+
+        Useful in situations where it is desired to undo some patches before the test ends,
+        such as mocking ``stdlib`` functions that might break pytest itself if mocked (for examples
+        of this see `#3290 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3290>`_.
+        """
+        m = MonkeyPatch()
+        try:
+            yield m
+        finally:
+            m.undo()
+
     def setattr(self, target, name, value=notset, raising=True):
         """ Set attribute value on target, memorizing the old value.
         By default raise AttributeError if the attribute did not exist.
@@ -113,7 +138,7 @@ class MonkeyPatch:
         For convenience you can specify a string as ``target`` which
         will be interpreted as a dotted import path, with the last part
         being the attribute name.  Example:
-        ``monkeypatch.setattr("os.getcwd", lambda x: "/")``
+        ``monkeypatch.setattr("os.getcwd", lambda: "/")``
         would set the ``getcwd`` function of the ``os`` module.
 
         The ``raising`` value determines if the setattr should fail

_pytest/nodes.py

@@ -1,5 +1,19 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+import os
+
+import six
+import py
+import attr
+
+import _pytest
+import _pytest._code
+
+from _pytest.mark.structures import NodeKeywords, MarkInfo
+
 SEP = "/"
 
+tracebackcutdir = py.path.local(_pytest.__file__).dirpath()
+
 
 def _splitnode(nodeid):
     """Split a nodeid into constituent 'parts'.
@@ -35,3 +49,360 @@ def ischildnode(baseid, nodeid):
     if len(node_parts) < len(base_parts):
         return False
     return node_parts[:len(base_parts)] == base_parts
+
+
+@attr.s
+class _CompatProperty(object):
+    name = attr.ib()
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, owner):
+        if obj is None:
+            return self
+
+        # TODO: reenable in the features branch
+        # warnings.warn(
+        #     "usage of {owner!r}.{name} is deprecated, please use pytest.{name} instead".format(
+        #         name=self.name, owner=type(owner).__name__),
+        #     PendingDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        return getattr(__import__('pytest'), self.name)
+
+
+class Node(object):
+    """ base class for Collector and Item the test collection tree.
+    Collector subclasses have children, Items are terminal nodes."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name, parent=None, config=None, session=None, fspath=None, nodeid=None):
+        #: a unique name within the scope of the parent node
+        self.name = name
+
+        #: the parent collector node.
+        self.parent = parent
+
+        #: the pytest config object
+        self.config = config or parent.config
+
+        #: the session this node is part of
+        self.session = session or parent.session
+
+        #: filesystem path where this node was collected from (can be None)
+        self.fspath = fspath or getattr(parent, 'fspath', None)
+
+        #: keywords/markers collected from all scopes
+        self.keywords = NodeKeywords(self)
+
+        #: the marker objects belonging to this node
+        self.own_markers = []
+
+        #: allow adding of extra keywords to use for matching
+        self.extra_keyword_matches = set()
+
+        # used for storing artificial fixturedefs for direct parametrization
+        self._name2pseudofixturedef = {}
+
+        if nodeid is not None:
+            self._nodeid = nodeid
+        else:
+            assert parent is not None
+            self._nodeid = self.parent.nodeid + "::" + self.name
+
+    @property
+    def ihook(self):
+        """ fspath sensitive hook proxy used to call pytest hooks"""
+        return self.session.gethookproxy(self.fspath)
+
+    Module = _CompatProperty("Module")
+    Class = _CompatProperty("Class")
+    Instance = _CompatProperty("Instance")
+    Function = _CompatProperty("Function")
+    File = _CompatProperty("File")
+    Item = _CompatProperty("Item")
+
+    def _getcustomclass(self, name):
+        maybe_compatprop = getattr(type(self), name)
+        if isinstance(maybe_compatprop, _CompatProperty):
+            return getattr(__import__('pytest'), name)
+        else:
+            cls = getattr(self, name)
+            # TODO: reenable in the features branch
+            # warnings.warn("use of node.%s is deprecated, "
+            #    "use pytest_pycollect_makeitem(...) to create custom "
+            #    "collection nodes" % name, category=DeprecationWarning)
+        return cls
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<%s %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__,
+                            getattr(self, 'name', None))
+
+    def warn(self, code, message):
+        """ generate a warning with the given code and message for this
+        item. """
+        assert isinstance(code, str)
+        fslocation = getattr(self, "location", None)
+        if fslocation is None:
+            fslocation = getattr(self, "fspath", None)
+        self.ihook.pytest_logwarning.call_historic(kwargs=dict(
+            code=code, message=message,
+            nodeid=self.nodeid, fslocation=fslocation))
+
+    # methods for ordering nodes
+    @property
+    def nodeid(self):
+        """ a ::-separated string denoting its collection tree address. """
+        return self._nodeid
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self.nodeid)
+
+    def setup(self):
+        pass
+
+    def teardown(self):
+        pass
+
+    def listchain(self):
+        """ return list of all parent collectors up to self,
+            starting from root of collection tree. """
+        chain = []
+        item = self
+        while item is not None:
+            chain.append(item)
+            item = item.parent
+        chain.reverse()
+        return chain
+
+    def add_marker(self, marker):
+        """ dynamically add a marker object to the node.
+
+        ``marker`` can be a string or pytest.mark.* instance.
+        """
+        from _pytest.mark import MarkDecorator, MARK_GEN
+        if isinstance(marker, six.string_types):
+            marker = getattr(MARK_GEN, marker)
+        elif not isinstance(marker, MarkDecorator):
+            raise ValueError("is not a string or pytest.mark.* Marker")
+        self.keywords[marker.name] = marker
+        self.own_markers.append(marker)
+
+    def iter_markers(self, name=None):
+        """
+        :param name: if given, filter the results by the name attribute
+
+        iterate over all markers of the node
+        """
+        return (x[1] for x in self.iter_markers_with_node(name=name))
+
+    def iter_markers_with_node(self, name=None):
+        """
+        :param name: if given, filter the results by the name attribute
+
+        iterate over all markers of the node
+        returns sequence of tuples (node, mark)
+        """
+        for node in reversed(self.listchain()):
+            for mark in node.own_markers:
+                if name is None or getattr(mark, 'name', None) == name:
+                    yield node, mark
+
+    def get_closest_marker(self, name, default=None):
+        """return the first marker matching the name, from closest (for example function) to farther level (for example
+        module level).
+
+        :param default: fallback return value of no marker was found
+        :param name: name to filter by
+        """
+        return next(self.iter_markers(name=name), default)
+
+    def get_marker(self, name):
+        """ get a marker object from this node or None if
+        the node doesn't have a marker with that name.
+
+        .. deprecated:: 3.6
+            This function has been deprecated in favor of
+            :meth:`Node.get_closest_marker <_pytest.nodes.Node.get_closest_marker>` and
+            :meth:`Node.iter_markers <_pytest.nodes.Node.iter_markers>`, see :ref:`update marker code`
+            for more details.
+        """
+        markers = list(self.iter_markers(name=name))
+        if markers:
+            return MarkInfo(markers)
+
+    def listextrakeywords(self):
+        """ Return a set of all extra keywords in self and any parents."""
+        extra_keywords = set()
+        for item in self.listchain():
+            extra_keywords.update(item.extra_keyword_matches)
+        return extra_keywords
+
+    def listnames(self):
+        return [x.name for x in self.listchain()]
+
+    def addfinalizer(self, fin):
+        """ register a function to be called when this node is finalized.
+
+        This method can only be called when this node is active
+        in a setup chain, for example during self.setup().
+        """
+        self.session._setupstate.addfinalizer(fin, self)
+
+    def getparent(self, cls):
+        """ get the next parent node (including ourself)
+        which is an instance of the given class"""
+        current = self
+        while current and not isinstance(current, cls):
+            current = current.parent
+        return current
+
+    def _prunetraceback(self, excinfo):
+        pass
+
+    def _repr_failure_py(self, excinfo, style=None):
+        fm = self.session._fixturemanager
+        if excinfo.errisinstance(fm.FixtureLookupError):
+            return excinfo.value.formatrepr()
+        tbfilter = True
+        if self.config.option.fulltrace:
+            style = "long"
+        else:
+            tb = _pytest._code.Traceback([excinfo.traceback[-1]])
+            self._prunetraceback(excinfo)
+            if len(excinfo.traceback) == 0:
+                excinfo.traceback = tb
+            tbfilter = False  # prunetraceback already does it
+            if style == "auto":
+                style = "long"
+        # XXX should excinfo.getrepr record all data and toterminal() process it?
+        if style is None:
+            if self.config.option.tbstyle == "short":
+                style = "short"
+            else:
+                style = "long"
+
+        try:
+            os.getcwd()
+            abspath = False
+        except OSError:
+            abspath = True
+
+        return excinfo.getrepr(funcargs=True, abspath=abspath,
+                               showlocals=self.config.option.showlocals,
+                               style=style, tbfilter=tbfilter)
+
+    repr_failure = _repr_failure_py
+
+
+class Collector(Node):
+    """ Collector instances create children through collect()
+        and thus iteratively build a tree.
+    """
+
+    class CollectError(Exception):
+        """ an error during collection, contains a custom message. """
+
+    def collect(self):
+        """ returns a list of children (items and collectors)
+            for this collection node.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("abstract")
+
+    def repr_failure(self, excinfo):
+        """ represent a collection failure. """
+        if excinfo.errisinstance(self.CollectError):
+            exc = excinfo.value
+            return str(exc.args[0])
+        return self._repr_failure_py(excinfo, style="short")
+
+    def _prunetraceback(self, excinfo):
+        if hasattr(self, 'fspath'):
+            traceback = excinfo.traceback
+            ntraceback = traceback.cut(path=self.fspath)
+            if ntraceback == traceback:
+                ntraceback = ntraceback.cut(excludepath=tracebackcutdir)
+            excinfo.traceback = ntraceback.filter()
+
+
+def _check_initialpaths_for_relpath(session, fspath):
+    for initial_path in session._initialpaths:
+        if fspath.common(initial_path) == initial_path:
+            return fspath.relto(initial_path.dirname)
+
+
+class FSCollector(Collector):
+    def __init__(self, fspath, parent=None, config=None, session=None, nodeid=None):
+        fspath = py.path.local(fspath)  # xxx only for test_resultlog.py?
+        name = fspath.basename
+        if parent is not None:
+            rel = fspath.relto(parent.fspath)
+            if rel:
+                name = rel
+            name = name.replace(os.sep, SEP)
+        self.fspath = fspath
+
+        session = session or parent.session
+
+        if nodeid is None:
+            nodeid = self.fspath.relto(session.config.rootdir)
+
+            if not nodeid:
+                nodeid = _check_initialpaths_for_relpath(session, fspath)
+            if os.sep != SEP:
+                nodeid = nodeid.replace(os.sep, SEP)
+
+        super(FSCollector, self).__init__(name, parent, config, session, nodeid=nodeid, fspath=fspath)
+
+
+class File(FSCollector):
+    """ base class for collecting tests from a file. """
+
+
+class Item(Node):
+    """ a basic test invocation item. Note that for a single function
+    there might be multiple test invocation items.
+    """
+    nextitem = None
+
+    def __init__(self, name, parent=None, config=None, session=None, nodeid=None):
+        super(Item, self).__init__(name, parent, config, session, nodeid=nodeid)
+        self._report_sections = []
+
+        #: user properties is a list of tuples (name, value) that holds user
+        #: defined properties for this test.
+        self.user_properties = []
+
+    def add_report_section(self, when, key, content):
+        """
+        Adds a new report section, similar to what's done internally to add stdout and
+        stderr captured output::
+
+            item.add_report_section("call", "stdout", "report section contents")
+
+        :param str when:
+            One of the possible capture states, ``"setup"``, ``"call"``, ``"teardown"``.
+        :param str key:
+            Name of the section, can be customized at will. Pytest uses ``"stdout"`` and
+            ``"stderr"`` internally.
+
+        :param str content:
+            The full contents as a string.
+        """
+        if content:
+            self._report_sections.append((when, key, content))
+
+    def reportinfo(self):
+        return self.fspath, None, ""
+
+    @property
+    def location(self):
+        try:
+            return self._location
+        except AttributeError:
+            location = self.reportinfo()
+            # bestrelpath is a quite slow function
+            cache = self.config.__dict__.setdefault("_bestrelpathcache", {})
+            try:
+                fspath = cache[location[0]]
+            except KeyError:
+                fspath = self.session.fspath.bestrelpath(location[0])
+                cache[location[0]] = fspath
+            location = (fspath, location[1], str(location[2]))
+            self._location = location
+            return location

_pytest/outcomes.py

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ skip.Exception = Skipped
 
 
 def fail(msg="", pytrace=True):
-    """ explicitly fail an currently-executing test with the given Message.
+    """ explicitly fail a currently-executing test with the given Message.
 
     :arg pytrace: if false the msg represents the full failure information
                   and no python traceback will be reported.

_pytest/pytester.py

@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ def _pytest(request):
     return PytestArg(request)
 
 
-class PytestArg:
+class PytestArg(object):
     def __init__(self, request):
         self.request = request
 
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ def get_public_names(values):
     return [x for x in values if x[0] != "_"]
 
 
-class ParsedCall:
+class ParsedCall(object):
     def __init__(self, name, kwargs):
         self.__dict__.update(kwargs)
         self._name = name
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ class ParsedCall:
         return "<ParsedCall %r(**%r)>" % (self._name, d)
 
 
-class HookRecorder:
+class HookRecorder(object):
     """Record all hooks called in a plugin manager.
 
     This wraps all the hook calls in the plugin manager, recording each call
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ def testdir(request, tmpdir_factory):
 rex_outcome = re.compile(r"(\d+) ([\w-]+)")
 
 
-class RunResult:
+class RunResult(object):
     """The result of running a command.
 
     Attributes:
@@ -397,7 +397,36 @@ class RunResult:
         assert obtained == dict(passed=passed, skipped=skipped, failed=failed, error=error)
 
 
-class Testdir:
+class CwdSnapshot(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.__saved = os.getcwd()
+
+    def restore(self):
+        os.chdir(self.__saved)
+
+
+class SysModulesSnapshot(object):
+    def __init__(self, preserve=None):
+        self.__preserve = preserve
+        self.__saved = dict(sys.modules)
+
+    def restore(self):
+        if self.__preserve:
+            self.__saved.update(
+                (k, m) for k, m in sys.modules.items() if self.__preserve(k))
+        sys.modules.clear()
+        sys.modules.update(self.__saved)
+
+
+class SysPathsSnapshot(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.__saved = list(sys.path), list(sys.meta_path)
+
+    def restore(self):
+        sys.path[:], sys.meta_path[:] = self.__saved
+
+
+class Testdir(object):
     """Temporary test directory with tools to test/run pytest itself.
 
     This is based on the ``tmpdir`` fixture but provides a number of methods
@@ -421,9 +450,10 @@ class Testdir:
         name = request.function.__name__
         self.tmpdir = tmpdir_factory.mktemp(name, numbered=True)
         self.plugins = []
-        self._savesyspath = (list(sys.path), list(sys.meta_path))
-        self._savemodulekeys = set(sys.modules)
-        self.chdir()  # always chdir
+        self._cwd_snapshot = CwdSnapshot()
+        self._sys_path_snapshot = SysPathsSnapshot()
+        self._sys_modules_snapshot = self.__take_sys_modules_snapshot()
+        self.chdir()
         self.request.addfinalizer(self.finalize)
         method = self.request.config.getoption("--runpytest")
         if method == "inprocess":
@@ -442,23 +472,17 @@ class Testdir:
         it can be looked at after the test run has finished.
 
         """
-        sys.path[:], sys.meta_path[:] = self._savesyspath
-        if hasattr(self, '_olddir'):
-            self._olddir.chdir()
-        self.delete_loaded_modules()
+        self._sys_modules_snapshot.restore()
+        self._sys_path_snapshot.restore()
+        self._cwd_snapshot.restore()
 
-    def delete_loaded_modules(self):
-        """Delete modules that have been loaded during a test.
-
-        This allows the interpreter to catch module changes in case
-        the module is re-imported.
-        """
-        for name in set(sys.modules).difference(self._savemodulekeys):
-            # some zope modules used by twisted-related tests keeps internal
-            # state and can't be deleted; we had some trouble in the past
-            # with zope.interface for example
-            if not name.startswith("zope"):
-                del sys.modules[name]
+    def __take_sys_modules_snapshot(self):
+        # some zope modules used by twisted-related tests keep internal state
+        # and can't be deleted; we had some trouble in the past with
+        # `zope.interface` for example
+        def preserve_module(name):
+            return name.startswith("zope")
+        return SysModulesSnapshot(preserve=preserve_module)
 
     def make_hook_recorder(self, pluginmanager):
         """Create a new :py:class:`HookRecorder` for a PluginManager."""
@@ -473,9 +497,7 @@ class Testdir:
         This is done automatically upon instantiation.
 
         """
-        old = self.tmpdir.chdir()
-        if not hasattr(self, '_olddir'):
-            self._olddir = old
+        self.tmpdir.chdir()
 
     def _makefile(self, ext, args, kwargs, encoding='utf-8'):
         items = list(kwargs.items())
@@ -690,42 +712,58 @@ class Testdir:
         :return: a :py:class:`HookRecorder` instance
 
         """
-        # When running py.test inline any plugins active in the main test
-        # process are already imported.  So this disables the warning which
-        # will trigger to say they can no longer be rewritten, which is fine as
-        # they have already been rewritten.
-        orig_warn = AssertionRewritingHook._warn_already_imported
+        finalizers = []
+        try:
+            # When running pytest inline any plugins active in the main test
+            # process are already imported.  So this disables the warning which
+            # will trigger to say they can no longer be rewritten, which is
+            # fine as they have already been rewritten.
+            orig_warn = AssertionRewritingHook._warn_already_imported
 
-        def revert():
-            AssertionRewritingHook._warn_already_imported = orig_warn
+            def revert_warn_already_imported():
+                AssertionRewritingHook._warn_already_imported = orig_warn
+            finalizers.append(revert_warn_already_imported)
+            AssertionRewritingHook._warn_already_imported = lambda *a: None
 
-        self.request.addfinalizer(revert)
-        AssertionRewritingHook._warn_already_imported = lambda *a: None
+            # Any sys.module or sys.path changes done while running pytest
+            # inline should be reverted after the test run completes to avoid
+            # clashing with later inline tests run within the same pytest test,
+            # e.g. just because they use matching test module names.
+            finalizers.append(self.__take_sys_modules_snapshot().restore)
+            finalizers.append(SysPathsSnapshot().restore)
 
-        rec = []
+            # Important note:
+            # - our tests should not leave any other references/registrations
+            #   laying around other than possibly loaded test modules
+            #   referenced from sys.modules, as nothing will clean those up
+            #   automatically
 
-        class Collect:
-            def pytest_configure(x, config):
-                rec.append(self.make_hook_recorder(config.pluginmanager))
+            rec = []
 
-        plugins = kwargs.get("plugins") or []
-        plugins.append(Collect())
-        ret = pytest.main(list(args), plugins=plugins)
-        self.delete_loaded_modules()
-        if len(rec) == 1:
-            reprec = rec.pop()
-        else:
-            class reprec:
-                pass
-        reprec.ret = ret
+            class Collect(object):
+                def pytest_configure(x, config):
+                    rec.append(self.make_hook_recorder(config.pluginmanager))
 
-        # typically we reraise keyboard interrupts from the child run because
-        # it's our user requesting interruption of the testing
-        if ret == 2 and not kwargs.get("no_reraise_ctrlc"):
-            calls = reprec.getcalls("pytest_keyboard_interrupt")
-            if calls and calls[-1].excinfo.type == KeyboardInterrupt:
-                raise KeyboardInterrupt()
-        return reprec
+            plugins = kwargs.get("plugins") or []
+            plugins.append(Collect())
+            ret = pytest.main(list(args), plugins=plugins)
+            if len(rec) == 1:
+                reprec = rec.pop()
+            else:
+                class reprec(object):
+                    pass
+            reprec.ret = ret
+
+            # typically we reraise keyboard interrupts from the child run
+            # because it's our user requesting interruption of the testing
+            if ret == 2 and not kwargs.get("no_reraise_ctrlc"):
+                calls = reprec.getcalls("pytest_keyboard_interrupt")
+                if calls and calls[-1].excinfo.type == KeyboardInterrupt:
+                    raise KeyboardInterrupt()
+            return reprec
+        finally:
+            for finalizer in finalizers:
+                finalizer()
 
     def runpytest_inprocess(self, *args, **kwargs):
         """Return result of running pytest in-process, providing a similar
@@ -742,13 +780,13 @@ class Testdir:
                 reprec = self.inline_run(*args, **kwargs)
             except SystemExit as e:
 
-                class reprec:
+                class reprec(object):
                     ret = e.args[0]
 
             except Exception:
                 traceback.print_exc()
 
-                class reprec:
+                class reprec(object):
                     ret = 3
         finally:
             out, err = capture.readouterr()
@@ -1029,7 +1067,7 @@ def getdecoded(out):
             py.io.saferepr(out),)
 
 
-class LineComp:
+class LineComp(object):
     def __init__(self):
         self.stringio = py.io.TextIO()
 
@@ -1047,7 +1085,7 @@ class LineComp:
         return LineMatcher(lines1).fnmatch_lines(lines2)
 
 
-class LineMatcher:
+class LineMatcher(object):
     """Flexible matching of text.
 
     This is a convenience class to test large texts like the output of

_pytest/python.py

@@ -19,20 +19,28 @@ from _pytest.config import hookimpl
 import _pytest
 import pluggy
 from _pytest import fixtures
-from _pytest import main
+from _pytest import nodes
 from _pytest import deprecated
 from _pytest.compat import (
     isclass, isfunction, is_generator, ascii_escaped,
     REGEX_TYPE, STRING_TYPES, NoneType, NOTSET,
     get_real_func, getfslineno, safe_getattr,
-    safe_str, getlocation, enum,
+    safe_str, getlocation, enum, get_default_arg_names
 )
 from _pytest.outcomes import fail
-from _pytest.mark import transfer_markers
+from _pytest.mark.structures import transfer_markers, get_unpacked_marks
 
-cutdir1 = py.path.local(pluggy.__file__.rstrip("oc"))
-cutdir2 = py.path.local(_pytest.__file__).dirpath()
-cutdir3 = py.path.local(py.__file__).dirpath()
+
+# relative paths that we use to filter traceback entries from appearing to the user;
+# see filter_traceback
+# note: if we need to add more paths than what we have now we should probably use a list
+# for better maintenance
+_pluggy_dir = py.path.local(pluggy.__file__.rstrip("oc"))
+# pluggy is either a package or a single module depending on the version
+if _pluggy_dir.basename == '__init__.py':
+    _pluggy_dir = _pluggy_dir.dirpath()
+_pytest_dir = py.path.local(_pytest.__file__).dirpath()
+_py_dir = py.path.local(py.__file__).dirpath()
 
 
 def filter_traceback(entry):
@@ -47,10 +55,10 @@ def filter_traceback(entry):
     is_generated = '<' in raw_filename and '>' in raw_filename
     if is_generated:
         return False
-    # entry.path might point to an inexisting file, in which case it will
-    # alsso return a str object. see #1133
+    # entry.path might point to a non-existing file, in which case it will
+    # also return a str object. see #1133
     p = py.path.local(entry.path)
-    return p != cutdir1 and not p.relto(cutdir2) and not p.relto(cutdir3)
+    return not p.relto(_pluggy_dir) and not p.relto(_pytest_dir) and not p.relto(_py_dir)
 
 
 def pyobj_property(name):
@@ -67,7 +75,8 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("general")
     group.addoption('--fixtures', '--funcargs',
                     action="store_true", dest="showfixtures", default=False,
-                    help="show available fixtures, sorted by plugin appearance")
+                    help="show available fixtures, sorted by plugin appearance "
+                    "(fixtures with leading '_' are only shown with '-v')")
     group.addoption(
         '--fixtures-per-test',
         action="store_true",
@@ -109,11 +118,7 @@ def pytest_generate_tests(metafunc):
         if hasattr(metafunc.function, attr):
             msg = "{0} has '{1}', spelling should be 'parametrize'"
             raise MarkerError(msg.format(metafunc.function.__name__, attr))
-    try:
-        markers = metafunc.function.parametrize
-    except AttributeError:
-        return
-    for marker in markers:
+    for marker in metafunc.definition.iter_markers(name='parametrize'):
         metafunc.parametrize(*marker.args, **marker.kwargs)
 
 
@@ -204,11 +209,20 @@ class PyobjContext(object):
 
 
 class PyobjMixin(PyobjContext):
+    _ALLOW_MARKERS = True
+
+    def __init__(self, *k, **kw):
+        super(PyobjMixin, self).__init__(*k, **kw)
+
     def obj():
         def fget(self):
             obj = getattr(self, '_obj', None)
             if obj is None:
                 self._obj = obj = self._getobj()
+                # XXX evil hack
+                # used to avoid Instance collector marker duplication
+                if self._ALLOW_MARKERS:
+                    self.own_markers.extend(get_unpacked_marks(self.obj))
             return obj
 
         def fset(self, value):
@@ -261,7 +275,7 @@ class PyobjMixin(PyobjContext):
         return fspath, lineno, modpath
 
 
-class PyCollector(PyobjMixin, main.Collector):
+class PyCollector(PyobjMixin, nodes.Collector):
 
     def funcnamefilter(self, name):
         return self._matches_prefix_or_glob_option('python_functions', name)
@@ -355,9 +369,15 @@ class PyCollector(PyobjMixin, main.Collector):
         cls = clscol and clscol.obj or None
         transfer_markers(funcobj, cls, module)
         fm = self.session._fixturemanager
-        fixtureinfo = fm.getfixtureinfo(self, funcobj, cls)
-        metafunc = Metafunc(funcobj, fixtureinfo, self.config,
-                            cls=cls, module=module)
+
+        definition = FunctionDefinition(
+            name=name,
+            parent=self,
+            callobj=funcobj,
+        )
+        fixtureinfo = fm.getfixtureinfo(definition, funcobj, cls)
+
+        metafunc = Metafunc(definition, fixtureinfo, self.config, cls=cls, module=module)
         methods = []
         if hasattr(module, "pytest_generate_tests"):
             methods.append(module.pytest_generate_tests)
@@ -386,7 +406,7 @@ class PyCollector(PyobjMixin, main.Collector):
                                )
 
 
-class Module(main.File, PyCollector):
+class Module(nodes.File, PyCollector):
     """ Collector for test classes and functions. """
 
     def _getobj(self):
@@ -516,6 +536,11 @@ class Class(PyCollector):
 
 
 class Instance(PyCollector):
+    _ALLOW_MARKERS = False  # hack, destroy later
+    # instances share the object with their parents in a way
+    # that duplicates markers instances if not taken out
+    # can be removed at node strucutre reorganization time
+
     def _getobj(self):
         return self.parent.obj()
 
@@ -563,7 +588,6 @@ class FunctionMixin(PyobjMixin):
             if ntraceback == traceback:
                 ntraceback = ntraceback.cut(path=path)
                 if ntraceback == traceback:
-                    # ntraceback = ntraceback.cut(excludepath=cutdir2)
                     ntraceback = ntraceback.filter(filter_traceback)
                     if not ntraceback:
                         ntraceback = traceback
@@ -710,21 +734,23 @@ class CallSpec2(object):
 
 class Metafunc(fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
     """
-    Metafunc objects are passed to the ``pytest_generate_tests`` hook.
+    Metafunc objects are passed to the :func:`pytest_generate_tests <_pytest.hookspec.pytest_generate_tests>` hook.
     They help to inspect a test function and to generate tests according to
     test configuration or values specified in the class or module where a
     test function is defined.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, function, fixtureinfo, config, cls=None, module=None):
+    def __init__(self, definition, fixtureinfo, config, cls=None, module=None):
         #: access to the :class:`_pytest.config.Config` object for the test session
+        assert isinstance(definition, FunctionDefinition) or type(definition).__name__ == "DefinitionMock"
+        self.definition = definition
         self.config = config
 
         #: the module object where the test function is defined in.
         self.module = module
 
         #: underlying python test function
-        self.function = function
+        self.function = definition.obj
 
         #: set of fixture names required by the test function
         self.fixturenames = fixtureinfo.names_closure
@@ -778,9 +804,11 @@ class Metafunc(fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
         from _pytest.fixtures import scope2index
         from _pytest.mark import ParameterSet
         from py.io import saferepr
-        argnames, parameters = ParameterSet._for_parameterize(
-            argnames, argvalues, self.function)
+
+        argnames, parameters = ParameterSet._for_parametrize(
+            argnames, argvalues, self.function, self.config)
         del argvalues
+        default_arg_names = set(get_default_arg_names(self.function))
 
         if scope is None:
             scope = _find_parametrized_scope(argnames, self._arg2fixturedefs, indirect)
@@ -789,13 +817,16 @@ class Metafunc(fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
         valtypes = {}
         for arg in argnames:
             if arg not in self.fixturenames:
-                if isinstance(indirect, (tuple, list)):
-                    name = 'fixture' if arg in indirect else 'argument'
+                if arg in default_arg_names:
+                    raise ValueError("%r already takes an argument %r with a default value" % (self.function, arg))
                 else:
-                    name = 'fixture' if indirect else 'argument'
-                raise ValueError(
-                    "%r uses no %s %r" % (
-                        self.function, name, arg))
+                    if isinstance(indirect, (tuple, list)):
+                        name = 'fixture' if arg in indirect else 'argument'
+                    else:
+                        name = 'fixture' if indirect else 'argument'
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        "%r uses no %s %r" % (
+                            self.function, name, arg))
 
         if indirect is True:
             valtypes = dict.fromkeys(argnames, "params")
@@ -933,7 +964,7 @@ def _idval(val, argname, idx, idfn, config=None):
         return ascii_escaped(val.pattern)
     elif enum is not None and isinstance(val, enum.Enum):
         return str(val)
-    elif isclass(val) and hasattr(val, '__name__'):
+    elif (isclass(val) or isfunction(val)) and hasattr(val, '__name__'):
         return val.__name__
     return str(argname) + str(idx)
 
@@ -1090,11 +1121,13 @@ def write_docstring(tw, doc):
             tw.write(INDENT + line + "\n")
 
 
-class Function(FunctionMixin, main.Item, fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
+class Function(FunctionMixin, nodes.Item, fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
     """ a Function Item is responsible for setting up and executing a
     Python test function.
     """
     _genid = None
+    # disable since functions handle it themselfes
+    _ALLOW_MARKERS = False
 
     def __init__(self, name, parent, args=None, config=None,
                  callspec=None, callobj=NOTSET, keywords=None, session=None,
@@ -1106,6 +1139,7 @@ class Function(FunctionMixin, main.Item, fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
             self.obj = callobj
 
         self.keywords.update(self.obj.__dict__)
+        self.own_markers.extend(get_unpacked_marks(self.obj))
         if callspec:
             self.callspec = callspec
             # this is total hostile and a mess
@@ -1115,6 +1149,7 @@ class Function(FunctionMixin, main.Item, fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
                 # feel free to cry, this was broken for years before
                 # and keywords cant fix it per design
                 self.keywords[mark.name] = mark
+            self.own_markers.extend(callspec.marks)
         if keywords:
             self.keywords.update(keywords)
 
@@ -1173,3 +1208,15 @@ class Function(FunctionMixin, main.Item, fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
     def setup(self):
         super(Function, self).setup()
         fixtures.fillfixtures(self)
+
+
+class FunctionDefinition(Function):
+    """
+    internal hack until we get actual definition nodes instead of the
+    crappy metafunc hack
+    """
+
+    def runtest(self):
+        raise RuntimeError("function definitions are not supposed to be used")
+
+    setup = runtest

_pytest/python_api.py

@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@ import math
 import sys
 
 import py
-from six.moves import zip
+from six import binary_type, text_type
+from six.moves import zip, filterfalse
+from more_itertools.more import always_iterable
 
 from _pytest.compat import isclass
 from _pytest.outcomes import fail
@@ -30,6 +32,10 @@ class ApproxBase(object):
     or sequences of numbers.
     """
 
+    # Tell numpy to use our `__eq__` operator instead of its
+    __array_ufunc__ = None
+    __array_priority__ = 100
+
     def __init__(self, expected, rel=None, abs=None, nan_ok=False):
         self.expected = expected
         self.abs = abs
@@ -68,14 +74,13 @@ class ApproxNumpy(ApproxBase):
     Perform approximate comparisons for numpy arrays.
     """
 
-    # Tell numpy to use our `__eq__` operator instead of its.
-    __array_priority__ = 100
-
     def __repr__(self):
         # It might be nice to rewrite this function to account for the
         # shape of the array...
+        import numpy as np
+
         return "approx({0!r})".format(list(
-            self._approx_scalar(x) for x in self.expected))
+            self._approx_scalar(x) for x in np.asarray(self.expected)))
 
     if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
         __cmp__ = _cmp_raises_type_error
@@ -83,12 +88,15 @@ class ApproxNumpy(ApproxBase):
     def __eq__(self, actual):
         import numpy as np
 
-        try:
-            actual = np.asarray(actual)
-        except:  # noqa
-            raise TypeError("cannot compare '{0}' to numpy.ndarray".format(actual))
+        # self.expected is supposed to always be an array here
 
-        if actual.shape != self.expected.shape:
+        if not np.isscalar(actual):
+            try:
+                actual = np.asarray(actual)
+            except:  # noqa
+                raise TypeError("cannot compare '{0}' to numpy.ndarray".format(actual))
+
+        if not np.isscalar(actual) and actual.shape != self.expected.shape:
             return False
 
         return ApproxBase.__eq__(self, actual)
@@ -96,11 +104,16 @@ class ApproxNumpy(ApproxBase):
     def _yield_comparisons(self, actual):
         import numpy as np
 
-        # We can be sure that `actual` is a numpy array, because it's
-        # casted in `__eq__` before being passed to `ApproxBase.__eq__`,
-        # which is the only method that calls this one.
-        for i in np.ndindex(self.expected.shape):
-            yield actual[i], self.expected[i]
+        # `actual` can either be a numpy array or a scalar, it is treated in
+        # `__eq__` before being passed to `ApproxBase.__eq__`, which is the
+        # only method that calls this one.
+
+        if np.isscalar(actual):
+            for i in np.ndindex(self.expected.shape):
+                yield actual, np.asscalar(self.expected[i])
+        else:
+            for i in np.ndindex(self.expected.shape):
+                yield np.asscalar(actual[i]), np.asscalar(self.expected[i])
 
 
 class ApproxMapping(ApproxBase):
@@ -130,9 +143,6 @@ class ApproxSequence(ApproxBase):
     Perform approximate comparisons for sequences of numbers.
     """
 
-    # Tell numpy to use our `__eq__` operator instead of its.
-    __array_priority__ = 100
-
     def __repr__(self):
         seq_type = type(self.expected)
         if seq_type not in (tuple, list, set):
@@ -153,6 +163,8 @@ class ApproxScalar(ApproxBase):
     """
     Perform approximate comparisons for single numbers only.
     """
+    DEFAULT_ABSOLUTE_TOLERANCE = 1e-12
+    DEFAULT_RELATIVE_TOLERANCE = 1e-6
 
     def __repr__(self):
         """
@@ -186,6 +198,8 @@ class ApproxScalar(ApproxBase):
         Return true if the given value is equal to the expected value within
         the pre-specified tolerance.
         """
+        if _is_numpy_array(actual):
+            return ApproxNumpy(actual, self.abs, self.rel, self.nan_ok) == self.expected
 
         # Short-circuit exact equality.
         if actual == self.expected:
@@ -223,7 +237,7 @@ class ApproxScalar(ApproxBase):
 
         # Figure out what the absolute tolerance should be.  ``self.abs`` is
         # either None or a value specified by the user.
-        absolute_tolerance = set_default(self.abs, 1e-12)
+        absolute_tolerance = set_default(self.abs, self.DEFAULT_ABSOLUTE_TOLERANCE)
 
         if absolute_tolerance < 0:
             raise ValueError("absolute tolerance can't be negative: {}".format(absolute_tolerance))
@@ -241,7 +255,7 @@ class ApproxScalar(ApproxBase):
         # we've made sure the user didn't ask for an absolute tolerance only,
         # because we don't want to raise errors about the relative tolerance if
         # we aren't even going to use it.
-        relative_tolerance = set_default(self.rel, 1e-6) * abs(self.expected)
+        relative_tolerance = set_default(self.rel, self.DEFAULT_RELATIVE_TOLERANCE) * abs(self.expected)
 
         if relative_tolerance < 0:
             raise ValueError("relative tolerance can't be negative: {}".format(absolute_tolerance))
@@ -252,6 +266,13 @@ class ApproxScalar(ApproxBase):
         return max(relative_tolerance, absolute_tolerance)
 
 
+class ApproxDecimal(ApproxScalar):
+    from decimal import Decimal
+
+    DEFAULT_ABSOLUTE_TOLERANCE = Decimal('1e-12')
+    DEFAULT_RELATIVE_TOLERANCE = Decimal('1e-6')
+
+
 def approx(expected, rel=None, abs=None, nan_ok=False):
     """
     Assert that two numbers (or two sets of numbers) are equal to each other
@@ -298,12 +319,18 @@ def approx(expected, rel=None, abs=None, nan_ok=False):
         >>> {'a': 0.1 + 0.2, 'b': 0.2 + 0.4} == approx({'a': 0.3, 'b': 0.6})
         True
 
-    And ``numpy`` arrays::
+    ``numpy`` arrays::
 
         >>> import numpy as np                                                          # doctest: +SKIP
         >>> np.array([0.1, 0.2]) + np.array([0.2, 0.4]) == approx(np.array([0.3, 0.6])) # doctest: +SKIP
         True
 
+    And for a ``numpy`` array against a scalar::
+
+        >>> import numpy as np                                         # doctest: +SKIP
+        >>> np.array([0.1, 0.2]) + np.array([0.2, 0.1]) == approx(0.3) # doctest: +SKIP
+        True
+
     By default, ``approx`` considers numbers within a relative tolerance of
     ``1e-6`` (i.e. one part in a million) of its expected value to be equal.
     This treatment would lead to surprising results if the expected value was
@@ -399,8 +426,9 @@ def approx(expected, rel=None, abs=None, nan_ok=False):
        __ https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#object.__ge__
     """
 
-    from collections import Mapping, Sequence
+    from _pytest.compat import Mapping, Sequence
     from _pytest.compat import STRING_TYPES as String
+    from decimal import Decimal
 
     # Delegate the comparison to a class that knows how to deal with the type
     # of the expected value (e.g. int, float, list, dict, numpy.array, etc).
@@ -422,6 +450,8 @@ def approx(expected, rel=None, abs=None, nan_ok=False):
         cls = ApproxMapping
     elif isinstance(expected, Sequence) and not isinstance(expected, String):
         cls = ApproxSequence
+    elif isinstance(expected, Decimal):
+        cls = ApproxDecimal
     else:
         cls = ApproxScalar
 
@@ -453,6 +483,10 @@ def raises(expected_exception, *args, **kwargs):
     Assert that a code block/function call raises ``expected_exception``
     and raise a failure exception otherwise.
 
+    :arg message: if specified, provides a custom failure message if the
+        exception is not raised
+    :arg match: if specified, asserts that the exception matches a text or regex
+
     This helper produces a ``ExceptionInfo()`` object (see below).
 
     You may use this function as a context manager::
@@ -531,8 +565,9 @@ def raises(expected_exception, *args, **kwargs):
     The string will be evaluated using the same ``locals()`` and ``globals()``
     at the moment of the ``raises`` call.
 
-    .. autoclass:: _pytest._code.ExceptionInfo
-        :members:
+    .. currentmodule:: _pytest._code
+
+    Consult the API of ``excinfo`` objects: :class:`ExceptionInfo`.
 
     .. note::
         Similar to caught exception objects in Python, explicitly clearing
@@ -550,14 +585,11 @@ def raises(expected_exception, *args, **kwargs):
 
     """
     __tracebackhide__ = True
-    msg = ("exceptions must be old-style classes or"
-           " derived from BaseException, not %s")
-    if isinstance(expected_exception, tuple):
-        for exc in expected_exception:
-            if not isclass(exc):
-                raise TypeError(msg % type(exc))
-    elif not isclass(expected_exception):
-        raise TypeError(msg % type(expected_exception))
+    base_type = (type, text_type, binary_type)
+    for exc in filterfalse(isclass, always_iterable(expected_exception, base_type)):
+        msg = ("exceptions must be old-style classes or"
+               " derived from BaseException, not %s")
+        raise TypeError(msg % type(exc))
 
     message = "DID NOT RAISE {0}".format(expected_exception)
     match_expr = None
@@ -567,7 +599,10 @@ def raises(expected_exception, *args, **kwargs):
             message = kwargs.pop("message")
         if "match" in kwargs:
             match_expr = kwargs.pop("match")
-            message += " matching '{0}'".format(match_expr)
+        if kwargs:
+            msg = 'Unexpected keyword arguments passed to pytest.raises: '
+            msg += ', '.join(kwargs.keys())
+            raise TypeError(msg)
         return RaisesContext(expected_exception, message, match_expr)
     elif isinstance(args[0], str):
         code, = args
@@ -614,6 +649,6 @@ class RaisesContext(object):
         suppress_exception = issubclass(self.excinfo.type, self.expected_exception)
         if sys.version_info[0] == 2 and suppress_exception:
             sys.exc_clear()
-        if self.match_expr:
+        if self.match_expr and suppress_exception:
             self.excinfo.match(self.match_expr)
         return suppress_exception

_pytest/recwarn.py

@@ -16,10 +16,7 @@ from _pytest.outcomes import fail
 
 @yield_fixture
 def recwarn():
-    """Return a WarningsRecorder instance that provides these methods:
-
-    * ``pop(category=None)``: return last warning matching the category.
-    * ``clear()``: clear list of warnings
+    """Return a :class:`WarningsRecorder` instance that records all warnings emitted by test functions.
 
     See http://docs.python.org/library/warnings.html for information
     on warning categories.
@@ -88,11 +85,11 @@ class _DeprecatedCallContext(object):
 def warns(expected_warning, *args, **kwargs):
     """Assert that code raises a particular class of warning.
 
-    Specifically, the input @expected_warning can be a warning class or
-    tuple of warning classes, and the code must return that warning
-    (if a single class) or one of those warnings (if a tuple).
+    Specifically, the parameter ``expected_warning`` can be a warning class or
+    sequence of warning classes, and the inside the ``with`` block must issue a warning of that class or
+    classes.
 
-    This helper produces a list of ``warnings.WarningMessage`` objects,
+    This helper produces a list of :class:`warnings.WarningMessage` objects,
     one for each warning raised.
 
     This function can be used as a context manager, or any of the other ways

_pytest/runner.py

@@ -60,6 +60,9 @@ def pytest_runtest_protocol(item, nextitem):
         nodeid=item.nodeid, location=item.location,
     )
     runtestprotocol(item, nextitem=nextitem)
+    item.ihook.pytest_runtest_logfinish(
+        nodeid=item.nodeid, location=item.location,
+    )
     return True
 
 
@@ -102,6 +105,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
 
 def pytest_runtest_call(item):
     _update_current_test_var(item, 'call')
+    sys.last_type, sys.last_value, sys.last_traceback = (None, None, None)
     try:
         item.runtest()
     except Exception:
@@ -111,7 +115,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_call(item):
         sys.last_type = type
         sys.last_value = value
         sys.last_traceback = tb
-        del tb  # Get rid of it in this namespace
+        del type, value, tb  # Get rid of these in this frame
         raise
 
 
@@ -172,15 +176,16 @@ def check_interactive_exception(call, report):
 def call_runtest_hook(item, when, **kwds):
     hookname = "pytest_runtest_" + when
     ihook = getattr(item.ihook, hookname)
-    return CallInfo(lambda: ihook(item=item, **kwds), when=when)
+    return CallInfo(lambda: ihook(item=item, **kwds), when=when,
+                    treat_keyboard_interrupt_as_exception=item.config.getvalue("usepdb"))
 
 
-class CallInfo:
+class CallInfo(object):
     """ Result/Exception info a function invocation. """
     #: None or ExceptionInfo object.
     excinfo = None
 
-    def __init__(self, func, when):
+    def __init__(self, func, when, treat_keyboard_interrupt_as_exception=False):
         #: context of invocation: one of "setup", "call",
         #: "teardown", "memocollect"
         self.when = when
@@ -188,8 +193,11 @@ class CallInfo:
         try:
             self.result = func()
         except KeyboardInterrupt:
-            self.stop = time()
-            raise
+            if treat_keyboard_interrupt_as_exception:
+                self.excinfo = ExceptionInfo()
+            else:
+                self.stop = time()
+                raise
         except:  # noqa
             self.excinfo = ExceptionInfo()
         self.stop = time()
@@ -253,6 +261,14 @@ class BaseReport(object):
         exc = tw.stringio.getvalue()
         return exc.strip()
 
+    @property
+    def caplog(self):
+        """Return captured log lines, if log capturing is enabled
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.5
+        """
+        return '\n'.join(content for (prefix, content) in self.get_sections('Captured log'))
+
     @property
     def capstdout(self):
         """Return captured text from stdout, if capturing is enabled
@@ -306,7 +322,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
         sections.append(("Captured %s %s" % (key, rwhen), content))
     return TestReport(item.nodeid, item.location,
                       keywords, outcome, longrepr, when,
-                      sections, duration)
+                      sections, duration, user_properties=item.user_properties)
 
 
 class TestReport(BaseReport):
@@ -315,7 +331,7 @@ class TestReport(BaseReport):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, nodeid, location, keywords, outcome,
-                 longrepr, when, sections=(), duration=0, **extra):
+                 longrepr, when, sections=(), duration=0, user_properties=(), **extra):
         #: normalized collection node id
         self.nodeid = nodeid
 
@@ -337,6 +353,10 @@ class TestReport(BaseReport):
         #: one of 'setup', 'call', 'teardown' to indicate runtest phase.
         self.when = when
 
+        #: user properties is a list of tuples (name, value) that holds user
+        #: defined properties of the test
+        self.user_properties = user_properties
+
         #: list of pairs ``(str, str)`` of extra information which needs to
         #: marshallable. Used by pytest to add captured text
         #: from ``stdout`` and ``stderr``, but may be used by other plugins

_pytest/skipping.py

@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 """ support for skip/xfail functions and markers. """
 from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
 
-import os
-import six
-import sys
-import traceback
-
 from _pytest.config import hookimpl
-from _pytest.mark import MarkInfo, MarkDecorator
-from _pytest.outcomes import fail, skip, xfail, TEST_OUTCOME
+from _pytest.mark.evaluate import MarkEvaluator
+from _pytest.outcomes import fail, skip, xfail
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
@@ -17,11 +12,11 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
                     action="store_true", dest="runxfail", default=False,
                     help="run tests even if they are marked xfail")
 
-    parser.addini("xfail_strict", "default for the strict parameter of xfail "
-                                  "markers when not given explicitly (default: "
-                                  "False)",
-                                  default=False,
-                                  type="bool")
+    parser.addini("xfail_strict",
+                  "default for the strict parameter of xfail "
+                  "markers when not given explicitly (default: False)",
+                  default=False,
+                  type="bool")
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
@@ -60,125 +55,16 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
                             )
 
 
-class MarkEvaluator(object):
-    def __init__(self, item, name):
-        self.item = item
-        self._marks = None
-        self._mark = None
-        self._mark_name = name
-
-    def __bool__(self):
-        self._marks = self._get_marks()
-        return bool(self._marks)
-    __nonzero__ = __bool__
-
-    def wasvalid(self):
-        return not hasattr(self, 'exc')
-
-    def _get_marks(self):
-
-        keyword = self.item.keywords.get(self._mark_name)
-        if isinstance(keyword, MarkDecorator):
-            return [keyword.mark]
-        elif isinstance(keyword, MarkInfo):
-            return [x.combined for x in keyword]
-        else:
-            return []
-
-    def invalidraise(self, exc):
-        raises = self.get('raises')
-        if not raises:
-            return
-        return not isinstance(exc, raises)
-
-    def istrue(self):
-        try:
-            return self._istrue()
-        except TEST_OUTCOME:
-            self.exc = sys.exc_info()
-            if isinstance(self.exc[1], SyntaxError):
-                msg = [" " * (self.exc[1].offset + 4) + "^", ]
-                msg.append("SyntaxError: invalid syntax")
-            else:
-                msg = traceback.format_exception_only(*self.exc[:2])
-            fail("Error evaluating %r expression\n"
-                 "    %s\n"
-                 "%s"
-                 % (self._mark_name, self.expr, "\n".join(msg)),
-                 pytrace=False)
-
-    def _getglobals(self):
-        d = {'os': os, 'sys': sys, 'config': self.item.config}
-        if hasattr(self.item, 'obj'):
-            d.update(self.item.obj.__globals__)
-        return d
-
-    def _istrue(self):
-        if hasattr(self, 'result'):
-            return self.result
-        self._marks = self._get_marks()
-
-        if self._marks:
-            self.result = False
-            for mark in self._marks:
-                self._mark = mark
-                if 'condition' in mark.kwargs:
-                    args = (mark.kwargs['condition'],)
-                else:
-                    args = mark.args
-
-                for expr in args:
-                    self.expr = expr
-                    if isinstance(expr, six.string_types):
-                        d = self._getglobals()
-                        result = cached_eval(self.item.config, expr, d)
-                    else:
-                        if "reason" not in mark.kwargs:
-                            # XXX better be checked at collection time
-                            msg = "you need to specify reason=STRING " \
-                                  "when using booleans as conditions."
-                            fail(msg)
-                        result = bool(expr)
-                    if result:
-                        self.result = True
-                        self.reason = mark.kwargs.get('reason', None)
-                        self.expr = expr
-                        return self.result
-
-                if not args:
-                    self.result = True
-                    self.reason = mark.kwargs.get('reason', None)
-                    return self.result
-        return False
-
-    def get(self, attr, default=None):
-        if self._mark is None:
-            return default
-        return self._mark.kwargs.get(attr, default)
-
-    def getexplanation(self):
-        expl = getattr(self, 'reason', None) or self.get('reason', None)
-        if not expl:
-            if not hasattr(self, 'expr'):
-                return ""
-            else:
-                return "condition: " + str(self.expr)
-        return expl
-
-
 @hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
 def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
     # Check if skip or skipif are specified as pytest marks
     item._skipped_by_mark = False
-    skipif_info = item.keywords.get('skipif')
-    if isinstance(skipif_info, (MarkInfo, MarkDecorator)):
-        eval_skipif = MarkEvaluator(item, 'skipif')
-        if eval_skipif.istrue():
-            item._skipped_by_mark = True
-            skip(eval_skipif.getexplanation())
+    eval_skipif = MarkEvaluator(item, 'skipif')
+    if eval_skipif.istrue():
+        item._skipped_by_mark = True
+        skip(eval_skipif.getexplanation())
 
-    skip_info = item.keywords.get('skip')
-    if isinstance(skip_info, (MarkInfo, MarkDecorator)):
+    for skip_info in item.iter_markers(name='skip'):
         item._skipped_by_mark = True
         if 'reason' in skip_info.kwargs:
             skip(skip_info.kwargs['reason'])
@@ -239,7 +125,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
             rep.outcome = "passed"
             rep.wasxfail = rep.longrepr
     elif item.config.option.runxfail:
-        pass   # don't interefere
+        pass  # don't interefere
     elif call.excinfo and call.excinfo.errisinstance(xfail.Exception):
         rep.wasxfail = "reason: " + call.excinfo.value.msg
         rep.outcome = "skipped"
@@ -261,7 +147,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
             else:
                 rep.outcome = "passed"
                 rep.wasxfail = explanation
-    elif item._skipped_by_mark and rep.skipped and type(rep.longrepr) is tuple:
+    elif getattr(item, '_skipped_by_mark', False) and rep.skipped and type(rep.longrepr) is tuple:
         # skipped by mark.skipif; change the location of the failure
         # to point to the item definition, otherwise it will display
         # the location of where the skip exception was raised within pytest
@@ -269,6 +155,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
         filename, line = item.location[:2]
         rep.longrepr = filename, line, reason
 
+
 # called by terminalreporter progress reporting
 
 
@@ -279,6 +166,7 @@ def pytest_report_teststatus(report):
         elif report.passed:
             return "xpassed", "X", ("XPASS", {'yellow': True})
 
+
 # called by the terminalreporter instance/plugin
 
 
@@ -294,18 +182,8 @@ def pytest_terminal_summary(terminalreporter):
 
     lines = []
     for char in tr.reportchars:
-        if char == "x":
-            show_xfailed(terminalreporter, lines)
-        elif char == "X":
-            show_xpassed(terminalreporter, lines)
-        elif char in "fF":
-            show_simple(terminalreporter, lines, 'failed', "FAIL %s")
-        elif char in "sS":
-            show_skipped(terminalreporter, lines)
-        elif char == "E":
-            show_simple(terminalreporter, lines, 'error', "ERROR %s")
-        elif char == 'p':
-            show_simple(terminalreporter, lines, 'passed', "PASSED %s")
+        action = REPORTCHAR_ACTIONS.get(char, lambda tr, lines: None)
+        action(terminalreporter, lines)
 
     if lines:
         tr._tw.sep("=", "short test summary info")
@@ -341,18 +219,6 @@ def show_xpassed(terminalreporter, lines):
             lines.append("XPASS %s %s" % (pos, reason))
 
 
-def cached_eval(config, expr, d):
-    if not hasattr(config, '_evalcache'):
-        config._evalcache = {}
-    try:
-        return config._evalcache[expr]
-    except KeyError:
-        import _pytest._code
-        exprcode = _pytest._code.compile(expr, mode="eval")
-        config._evalcache[expr] = x = eval(exprcode, d)
-        return x
-
-
 def folded_skips(skipped):
     d = {}
     for event in skipped:
@@ -364,7 +230,7 @@ def folded_skips(skipped):
         # TODO: revisit after marks scope would be fixed
         when = getattr(event, 'when', None)
         if when == 'setup' and 'skip' in keywords and 'pytestmark' not in keywords:
-            key = (key[0], None, key[2], )
+            key = (key[0], None, key[2])
         d.setdefault(key, []).append(event)
     values = []
     for key, events in d.items():
@@ -395,3 +261,23 @@ def show_skipped(terminalreporter, lines):
                     lines.append(
                         "SKIP [%d] %s: %s" %
                         (num, fspath, reason))
+
+
+def shower(stat, format):
+    def show_(terminalreporter, lines):
+        return show_simple(terminalreporter, lines, stat, format)
+
+    return show_
+
+
+REPORTCHAR_ACTIONS = {
+    'x': show_xfailed,
+    'X': show_xpassed,
+    'f': shower('failed', "FAIL %s"),
+    'F': shower('failed', "FAIL %s"),
+    's': show_skipped,
+    'S': show_skipped,
+    'p': shower('passed', "PASSED %s"),
+    'E': shower('error', "ERROR %s")
+
+}

_pytest/terminal.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import time
 import pluggy
 import py
 import six
+from more_itertools import collapse
 
 import pytest
 from _pytest import nodes
@@ -19,12 +20,45 @@ from _pytest.main import EXIT_OK, EXIT_TESTSFAILED, EXIT_INTERRUPTED, \
     EXIT_USAGEERROR, EXIT_NOTESTSCOLLECTED
 
 
+import argparse
+
+
+class MoreQuietAction(argparse.Action):
+    """
+    a modified copy of the argparse count action which counts down and updates
+    the legacy quiet attribute at the same time
+
+    used to unify verbosity handling
+    """
+    def __init__(self,
+                 option_strings,
+                 dest,
+                 default=None,
+                 required=False,
+                 help=None):
+        super(MoreQuietAction, self).__init__(
+            option_strings=option_strings,
+            dest=dest,
+            nargs=0,
+            default=default,
+            required=required,
+            help=help)
+
+    def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
+        new_count = getattr(namespace, self.dest, 0) - 1
+        setattr(namespace, self.dest, new_count)
+        # todo Deprecate config.quiet
+        namespace.quiet = getattr(namespace, 'quiet', 0) + 1
+
+
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("terminal reporting", "reporting", after="general")
-    group._addoption('-v', '--verbose', action="count",
-                     dest="verbose", default=0, help="increase verbosity."),
-    group._addoption('-q', '--quiet', action="count",
-                     dest="quiet", default=0, help="decrease verbosity."),
+    group._addoption('-v', '--verbose', action="count", default=0,
+                     dest="verbose", help="increase verbosity."),
+    group._addoption('-q', '--quiet', action=MoreQuietAction, default=0,
+                     dest="verbose", help="decrease verbosity."),
+    group._addoption("--verbosity", dest='verbose', type=int, default=0,
+                     help="set verbosity")
     group._addoption('-r',
                      action="store", dest="reportchars", default='', metavar="chars",
                      help="show extra test summary info as specified by chars (f)ailed, "
@@ -42,6 +76,11 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
                      action="store", dest="tbstyle", default='auto',
                      choices=['auto', 'long', 'short', 'no', 'line', 'native'],
                      help="traceback print mode (auto/long/short/line/native/no).")
+    group._addoption('--show-capture',
+                     action="store", dest="showcapture",
+                     choices=['no', 'stdout', 'stderr', 'log', 'all'], default='all',
+                     help="Controls how captured stdout/stderr/log is shown on failed tests. "
+                          "Default is 'all'.")
     group._addoption('--fulltrace', '--full-trace',
                      action="store_true", default=False,
                      help="don't cut any tracebacks (default is to cut).")
@@ -56,7 +95,6 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser):
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
-    config.option.verbose -= config.option.quiet
     reporter = TerminalReporter(config, sys.stdout)
     config.pluginmanager.register(reporter, 'terminalreporter')
     if config.option.debug or config.option.traceconfig:
@@ -94,7 +132,7 @@ def pytest_report_teststatus(report):
     return report.outcome, letter, report.outcome.upper()
 
 
-class WarningReport:
+class WarningReport(object):
     """
     Simple structure to hold warnings information captured by ``pytest_logwarning``.
     """
@@ -129,7 +167,7 @@ class WarningReport:
         return None
 
 
-class TerminalReporter:
+class TerminalReporter(object):
     def __init__(self, config, file=None):
         import _pytest.config
         self.config = config
@@ -152,8 +190,18 @@ class TerminalReporter:
         self.reportchars = getreportopt(config)
         self.hasmarkup = self._tw.hasmarkup
         self.isatty = file.isatty()
-        self._progress_items_reported = 0
-        self._show_progress_info = self.config.getini('console_output_style') == 'progress'
+        self._progress_nodeids_reported = set()
+        self._show_progress_info = self._determine_show_progress_info()
+
+    def _determine_show_progress_info(self):
+        """Return True if we should display progress information based on the current config"""
+        # do not show progress if we are not capturing output (#3038)
+        if self.config.getoption('capture') == 'no':
+            return False
+        # do not show progress if we are showing fixture setup/teardown
+        if self.config.getoption('setupshow'):
+            return False
+        return self.config.getini('console_output_style') == 'progress'
 
     def hasopt(self, char):
         char = {'xfailed': 'x', 'skipped': 's'}.get(char, char)
@@ -178,7 +226,6 @@ class TerminalReporter:
         if extra:
             self._tw.write(extra, **kwargs)
             self.currentfspath = -2
-            self._write_progress_information_filling_space()
 
     def ensure_newline(self):
         if self.currentfspath:
@@ -268,14 +315,13 @@ class TerminalReporter:
             # probably passed setup/teardown
             return
         running_xdist = hasattr(rep, 'node')
-        self._progress_items_reported += 1
         if self.verbosity <= 0:
             if not running_xdist and self.showfspath:
                 self.write_fspath_result(rep.nodeid, letter)
             else:
                 self._tw.write(letter)
-            self._write_progress_if_past_edge()
         else:
+            self._progress_nodeids_reported.add(rep.nodeid)
             if markup is None:
                 if rep.passed:
                     markup = {'green': True}
@@ -288,6 +334,8 @@ class TerminalReporter:
             line = self._locationline(rep.nodeid, *rep.location)
             if not running_xdist:
                 self.write_ensure_prefix(line, word, **markup)
+                if self._show_progress_info:
+                    self._write_progress_information_filling_space()
             else:
                 self.ensure_newline()
                 self._tw.write("[%s]" % rep.node.gateway.id)
@@ -299,31 +347,30 @@ class TerminalReporter:
                 self._tw.write(" " + line)
                 self.currentfspath = -2
 
-    def _write_progress_if_past_edge(self):
-        if not self._show_progress_info:
-            return
-        last_item = self._progress_items_reported == self._session.testscollected
-        if last_item:
-            self._write_progress_information_filling_space()
-            return
-
-        past_edge = self._tw.chars_on_current_line + self._PROGRESS_LENGTH + 1 >= self._screen_width
-        if past_edge:
-            msg = self._get_progress_information_message()
-            self._tw.write(msg + '\n', cyan=True)
+    def pytest_runtest_logfinish(self, nodeid):
+        if self.verbosity <= 0 and self._show_progress_info:
+            self._progress_nodeids_reported.add(nodeid)
+            last_item = len(self._progress_nodeids_reported) == self._session.testscollected
+            if last_item:
+                self._write_progress_information_filling_space()
+            else:
+                past_edge = self._tw.chars_on_current_line + self._PROGRESS_LENGTH + 1 >= self._screen_width
+                if past_edge:
+                    msg = self._get_progress_information_message()
+                    self._tw.write(msg + '\n', cyan=True)
 
     _PROGRESS_LENGTH = len(' [100%]')
 
     def _get_progress_information_message(self):
+        if self.config.getoption('capture') == 'no':
+            return ''
         collected = self._session.testscollected
         if collected:
-            progress = self._progress_items_reported * 100 // collected
+            progress = len(self._progress_nodeids_reported) * 100 // collected
             return ' [{:3d}%]'.format(progress)
         return ' [100%]'
 
     def _write_progress_information_filling_space(self):
-        if not self._show_progress_info:
-            return
         msg = self._get_progress_information_message()
         fill = ' ' * (self._tw.fullwidth - self._tw.chars_on_current_line - len(msg) - 1)
         self.write(fill + msg, cyan=True)
@@ -349,6 +396,7 @@ class TerminalReporter:
 
         errors = len(self.stats.get('error', []))
         skipped = len(self.stats.get('skipped', []))
+        deselected = len(self.stats.get('deselected', []))
         if final:
             line = "collected "
         else:
@@ -356,6 +404,8 @@ class TerminalReporter:
         line += str(self._numcollected) + " item" + ('' if self._numcollected == 1 else 's')
         if errors:
             line += " / %d errors" % errors
+        if deselected:
+            line += " / %d deselected" % deselected
         if skipped:
             line += " / %d skipped" % skipped
         if self.isatty:
@@ -365,6 +415,7 @@ class TerminalReporter:
         else:
             self.write_line(line)
 
+    @pytest.hookimpl(trylast=True)
     def pytest_collection_modifyitems(self):
         self.report_collect(True)
 
@@ -392,7 +443,7 @@ class TerminalReporter:
 
     def _write_report_lines_from_hooks(self, lines):
         lines.reverse()
-        for line in flatten(lines):
+        for line in collapse(lines):
             self.write_line(line)
 
     def pytest_report_header(self, config):
@@ -465,16 +516,19 @@ class TerminalReporter:
         if exitstatus in summary_exit_codes:
             self.config.hook.pytest_terminal_summary(terminalreporter=self,
                                                      exitstatus=exitstatus)
-            self.summary_errors()
-            self.summary_failures()
-            self.summary_warnings()
-            self.summary_passes()
         if exitstatus == EXIT_INTERRUPTED:
             self._report_keyboardinterrupt()
             del self._keyboardinterrupt_memo
-        self.summary_deselected()
         self.summary_stats()
 
+    @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
+    def pytest_terminal_summary(self):
+        self.summary_errors()
+        self.summary_failures()
+        yield
+        self.summary_warnings()
+        self.summary_passes()
+
     def pytest_keyboard_interrupt(self, excinfo):
         self._keyboardinterrupt_memo = excinfo.getrepr(funcargs=True)
 
@@ -615,7 +669,12 @@ class TerminalReporter:
 
     def _outrep_summary(self, rep):
         rep.toterminal(self._tw)
+        showcapture = self.config.option.showcapture
+        if showcapture == 'no':
+            return
         for secname, content in rep.sections:
+            if showcapture != 'all' and showcapture not in secname:
+                continue
             self._tw.sep("-", secname)
             if content[-1:] == "\n":
                 content = content[:-1]
@@ -632,11 +691,6 @@ class TerminalReporter:
         if self.verbosity == -1:
             self.write_line(msg, **markup)
 
-    def summary_deselected(self):
-        if 'deselected' in self.stats:
-            self.write_sep("=", "%d tests deselected" % (
-                len(self.stats['deselected'])), bold=True)
-
 
 def repr_pythonversion(v=None):
     if v is None:
@@ -647,15 +701,6 @@ def repr_pythonversion(v=None):
         return str(v)
 
 
-def flatten(values):
-    for x in values:
-        if isinstance(x, (list, tuple)):
-            for y in flatten(x):
-                yield y
-        else:
-            yield x
-
-
 def build_summary_stats_line(stats):
     keys = ("failed passed skipped deselected "
             "xfailed xpassed warnings error").split()

_pytest/tmpdir.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import py
 from _pytest.monkeypatch import MonkeyPatch
 
 
-class TempdirFactory:
+class TempdirFactory(object):
     """Factory for temporary directories under the common base temp directory.
 
     The base directory can be configured using the ``--basetemp`` option.
@@ -116,6 +116,8 @@ def tmpdir(request, tmpdir_factory):
     created as a sub directory of the base temporary
     directory.  The returned object is a `py.path.local`_
     path object.
+
+    .. _`py.path.local`: https://py.readthedocs.io/en/latest/path.html
     """
     name = request.node.name
     name = re.sub(r"[\W]", "_", name)

_pytest/warnings.py

@@ -60,8 +60,7 @@ def catch_warnings_for_item(item):
         for arg in inifilters:
             _setoption(warnings, arg)
 
-        mark = item.get_marker('filterwarnings')
-        if mark:
+        for mark in item.iter_markers(name='filterwarnings'):
             for arg in mark.args:
                 warnings._setoption(arg)
 

changelog/README.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+This directory contains "newsfragments" which are short files that contain a small **ReST**-formatted
+text that will be added to the next ``CHANGELOG``.
+
+The ``CHANGELOG`` will be read by users, so this description should be aimed to pytest users
+instead of describing internal changes which are only relevant to the developers.
+
+Make sure to use full sentences with correct case and punctuation, for example:: 
+
+    Fix issue with non-ascii messages from the ``warnings`` module.
+
+Each file should be named like ``<ISSUE>.<TYPE>.rst``, where
+``<ISSUE>`` is an issue number, and ``<TYPE>`` is one of:
+
+* ``feature``: new user facing features, like new command-line options and new behavior.
+* ``bugfix``: fixes a reported bug.
+* ``doc``: documentation improvement, like rewording an entire session or adding missing docs.
+* ``removal``: feature deprecation or removal.
+* ``vendor``: changes in packages vendored in pytest.
+* ``trivial``: fixing a small typo or internal change that might be noteworthy.
+
+So for example: ``123.feature.rst``, ``456.bugfix.rst``.
+
+If your PR fixes an issue, use that number here. If there is no issue,
+then after you submit the PR and get the PR number you can add a
+changelog using that instead.
+
+If you are not sure what issue type to use, don't hesitate to ask in your PR.
+
+Note that the ``towncrier`` tool will automatically
+reflow your text, so it will work best if you stick to a single paragraph, but multiple sentences and links are OK
+and encouraged. You can install ``towncrier`` and then run ``towncrier --draft``
+if you want to get a preview of how your change will look in the final release notes.

doc/en/_templates/globaltoc.html

@@ -2,15 +2,16 @@
 
 <ul>
   <li><a href="{{ pathto('index') }}">Home</a></li>
-  <li><a href="{{ pathto('contents') }}">Contents</a></li>
   <li><a href="{{ pathto('getting-started') }}">Install</a></li>
+  <li><a href="{{ pathto('contents') }}">Contents</a></li>
+  <li><a href="{{ pathto('reference') }}">Reference</a></li>
   <li><a href="{{ pathto('example/index') }}">Examples</a></li>
   <li><a href="{{ pathto('customize') }}">Customize</a></li>
-  <li><a href="{{ pathto('contact') }}">Contact</a></li>
-  <li><a href="{{ pathto('talks') }}">Talks/Posts</a></li>
   <li><a href="{{ pathto('changelog') }}">Changelog</a></li>
+  <li><a href="{{ pathto('contributing') }}">Contributing</a></li>
   <li><a href="{{ pathto('backwards-compatibility') }}">Backwards Compatibility</a></li>
   <li><a href="{{ pathto('license') }}">License</a></li>
+  <li><a href="{{ pathto('contact') }}">Contact Channels</a></li>
 </ul>
 
 {%- if display_toc %}

doc/en/_templates/links.html

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 <h3>Useful Links</h3>
 <ul>
-  <li><a href="{{ pathto('index') }}">The pytest Website</a></li>
-  <li><a href="{{ pathto('contributing') }}">Contribution Guide</a></li>
-  <li><a href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest">pytest @ PyPI</a></li>
+  <li><a href="https://pypi.org/project/pytest/">pytest @ PyPI</a></li>
   <li><a href="https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/">pytest @ GitHub</a></li>
   <li><a href="http://plugincompat.herokuapp.com/">3rd party plugins</a></li>
   <li><a href="https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues">Issue Tracker</a></li>

doc/en/announce/index.rst

@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ Release announcements
    :maxdepth: 2
 
    
+   release-3.6.0
+   release-3.5.1
+   release-3.5.0
+   release-3.4.2
+   release-3.4.1
+   release-3.4.0
    release-3.3.2
    release-3.3.1
    release-3.3.0

doc/en/announce/release-2.3.4.rst

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ comes with the following fixes and features:
   rather use the post-2.0 parametrize features instead of yield, see:
   http://pytest.org/latest/example/parametrize.html
 - fix autouse-issue where autouse-fixtures would not be discovered
-  if defined in a a/conftest.py file and tests in a/tests/test_some.py
+  if defined in an a/conftest.py file and tests in a/tests/test_some.py
 - fix issue226 - LIFO ordering for fixture teardowns
 - fix issue224 - invocations with >256 char arguments now work
 - fix issue91 - add/discuss package/directory level setups in example

doc/en/announce/release-2.3.5.rst

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ few interesting new plugins saw the light last month:
 
 And several others like pytest-django saw maintenance releases.
 For a more complete list, check out 
-https://pypi.python.org/pypi?%3Aaction=search&term=pytest&submit=search.
+https://pypi.org/search/?q=pytest
 
 For general information see:
 

doc/en/announce/release-2.4.0.rst

@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@ a full list of details.  A few feature highlights:
   called if the corresponding setup method succeeded.
 
 - integrate tab-completion on command line options if you
-  have `argcomplete <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/argcomplete>`_ 
+  have `argcomplete <https://pypi.org/project/argcomplete/>`_ 
   configured.
 
 - allow boolean expression directly with skipif/xfail
   if a "reason" is also specified.
 
 - a new hook ``pytest_load_initial_conftests`` allows plugins like
-  `pytest-django <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-django>`_ to
+  `pytest-django <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-django/>`_ to
   influence the environment before conftest files import ``django``.
 
 - reporting: color the last line red or green depending if

doc/en/announce/release-2.6.1.rst

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Changes 2.6.1
   "::" node id specifications (copy pasted from "-v" output)
 
 - fix issue544 by only removing "@NUM" at the end of "::" separated parts
-  and if the part has an ".py" extension
+  and if the part has a ".py" extension
 
 - don't use py.std import helper, rather import things directly.
   Thanks Bruno Oliveira.

doc/en/announce/release-3.4.0.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+pytest-3.4.0
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 3.4.0 release!
+
+pytest is a mature Python testing tool with more than a 1600 tests
+against itself, passing on many different interpreters and platforms.
+
+This release contains a number of bugs fixes and improvements, so users are encouraged
+to take a look at the CHANGELOG:
+
+    http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html
+
+For complete documentation, please visit:
+
+    http://docs.pytest.org
+
+As usual, you can upgrade from pypi via:
+
+    pip install -U pytest
+
+Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:
+
+* Aaron
+* Alan Velasco
+* Anders Hovmöller
+* Andrew Toolan
+* Anthony Sottile
+* Aron Coyle
+* Brian Maissy
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Cyrus Maden
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Henk-Jaap Wagenaar
+* Ian Lesperance
+* Jon Dufresne
+* Jurko Gospodnetić
+* Kate
+* Kimberly
+* Per A. Brodtkorb
+* Pierre-Alexandre Fonta
+* Raphael Castaneda
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* ST John
+* Segev Finer
+* Thomas Hisch
+* Tzu-ping Chung
+* feuillemorte
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The Pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-3.4.1.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+pytest-3.4.1
+=======================================
+
+pytest 3.4.1 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+  
+The full changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:
+
+* Aaron
+* Alan Velasco
+* Andy Freeland
+* Brian Maissy
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Jason R. Coombs
+* Marcin Bachry
+* Pedro Algarvio
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-3.4.2.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+pytest-3.4.2
+=======================================
+
+pytest 3.4.2 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+  
+The full changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:
+
+* Allan Feldman
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Jason R. Coombs
+* Kyle Altendorf
+* Maik Figura
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* codetriage-readme-bot
+* feuillemorte
+* joshm91
+* mike
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-3.5.0.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+pytest-3.5.0
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 3.5.0 release!
+
+pytest is a mature Python testing tool with more than a 1600 tests
+against itself, passing on many different interpreters and platforms.
+
+This release contains a number of bugs fixes and improvements, so users are encouraged
+to take a look at the CHANGELOG:
+
+    http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html
+
+For complete documentation, please visit:
+
+    http://docs.pytest.org
+
+As usual, you can upgrade from pypi via:
+
+    pip install -U pytest
+
+Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:
+
+* Allan Feldman
+* Brian Maissy
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Carlos Jenkins
+* Daniel Hahler
+* Florian Bruhin
+* Jason R. Coombs
+* Jeffrey Rackauckas
+* Jordan Speicher
+* Julien Palard
+* Kale Kundert
+* Kostis Anagnostopoulos
+* Kyle Altendorf
+* Maik Figura
+* Pedro Algarvio
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* Tadeu Manoel
+* Tareq Alayan
+* Thomas Hisch
+* William Lee
+* codetriage-readme-bot
+* feuillemorte
+* joshm91
+* mike
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The Pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-3.5.1.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+pytest-3.5.1
+=======================================
+
+pytest 3.5.1 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+  
+The full changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:
+
+* Brian Maissy
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Darren Burns
+* David Chudzicki
+* Floris Bruynooghe
+* Holger Kohr
+* Irmen de Jong
+* Jeffrey Rackauckas
+* Rachel Kogan
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* Stefan Scherfke
+* Tim Strazny
+* Семён Марьясин
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-3.6.0.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+pytest-3.6.0
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 3.6.0 release!
+
+pytest is a mature Python testing tool with more than a 1600 tests
+against itself, passing on many different interpreters and platforms.
+
+This release contains a number of bugs fixes and improvements, so users are encouraged
+to take a look at the CHANGELOG:
+
+    http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html
+
+For complete documentation, please visit:
+
+    http://docs.pytest.org
+
+As usual, you can upgrade from pypi via:
+
+    pip install -U pytest
+
+Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:
+
+* Anthony Shaw
+* ApaDoctor
+* Brian Maissy
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Jon Dufresne
+* Katerina Koukiou
+* Miro Hrončok
+* Rachel Kogan
+* Ronny Pfannschmidt
+* Tim Hughes
+* Tyler Goodlet
+* Ville Skyttä
+* aviral1701
+* feuillemorte
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The Pytest Development Team

doc/en/backwards-compatibility.rst

@@ -15,91 +15,6 @@ We will only remove deprecated functionality in major releases (e.g. if we depre
 Deprecation Roadmap
 -------------------
 
-This page lists deprecated features and when we plan to remove them. It is important to list the feature, the version where it got deprecated and the version we plan to remove it.
+We track deprecation and removal of features using milestones and the `deprecation <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues?q=label%3A%22type%3A+deprecation%22>`_ and `removal <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/labels/type%3A%20removal>`_ labels on GitHub.
 
-Following our deprecation policy, we should aim to keep features for *at least* two minor versions after it was considered deprecated.
-
-
-Future Releases
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-3.4
-^^^
-
-**Old style classes**
-
-Issue: `#2147 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2147>`_.
-
-Deprecated in ``3.2``.
-
-4.0
-^^^
-
-**Yield tests**
-
-Deprecated in ``3.0``.
-
-**pytest-namespace hook**
-
-deprecated in ``3.2``.
-
-**Marks in parameter sets**
-
-Deprecated in ``3.2``.
-
-**--result-log**
-
-Deprecated in ``3.0``.
-
-See `#830 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/830>`_ for more information. Suggested alternative: `pytest-tap <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-tap>`_.
-
-**metafunc.addcall**
-
-Issue: `#2876 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2876>`_.
-
-Deprecated in ``3.3``.
-
-**pytest_plugins in non-toplevel conftests**
-
-There is a deep conceptual confusion as ``conftest.py`` files themselves are activated/deactivated based on path, but the plugins they depend on aren't.
-
-Issue: `#2639 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2639>`_.
-
-Not yet officially deprecated.
-
-**passing a single string to pytest.main()**
-
-Pass a list of strings to ``pytest.main()`` instead.
-
-Deprecated in ``3.1``.
-
-**[pytest] section in setup.cfg**
-
-Use ``[tool:pytest]`` instead for compatibility with other tools.
-
-Deprecated in ``3.0``.
-
-Past Releases
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-3.0
-^^^
-
-* The following deprecated commandline options were removed:
-
-  * ``--genscript``: no longer supported;
-  * ``--no-assert``: use ``--assert=plain`` instead;
-  * ``--nomagic``: use ``--assert=plain`` instead;
-  * ``--report``: use ``-r`` instead;
-
-* Removed all ``py.test-X*`` entry points. The versioned, suffixed entry points
-  were never documented and a leftover from a pre-virtualenv era. These entry
-  points also created broken entry points in wheels, so removing them also
-  removes a source of confusion for users.
-
-
-
-3.3
-^^^
-
-* Dropped support for EOL Python 2.6 and 3.3.
+Following our deprecation policy, after starting issuing deprecation warnings we keep features for *at least* two minor versions before considering removal.

doc/en/builtin.rst

@@ -1,81 +1,18 @@
+:orphan:
 
 .. _`pytest helpers`:
 
 Pytest API and builtin fixtures
 ================================================
 
-This is a list of ``pytest.*`` API functions and fixtures.
+
+Most of the information of this page has been moved over to :ref:`reference`.
 
 For information on plugin hooks and objects, see :ref:`plugins`.
 
 For information on the ``pytest.mark`` mechanism, see :ref:`mark`.
 
-For the below objects, you can also interactively ask for help, e.g. by
-typing on the Python interactive prompt something like::
-
-    import pytest
-    help(pytest)
-
-.. currentmodule:: pytest
-
-Invoking pytest interactively
----------------------------------------------------
-
-.. autofunction:: main
-
-More examples at :ref:`pytest.main-usage`
-
-
-Helpers for assertions about Exceptions/Warnings
---------------------------------------------------------
-
-.. autofunction:: raises
-
-Examples at :ref:`assertraises`.
-
-.. autofunction:: deprecated_call
-
-Comparing floating point numbers
---------------------------------
-
-.. autofunction:: approx
-
-Raising a specific test outcome
---------------------------------------
-
-You can use the following functions in your test, fixture or setup
-functions to force a certain test outcome.  Note that most often
-you can rather use declarative marks, see :ref:`skipping`.
-
-.. autofunction:: _pytest.outcomes.fail
-.. autofunction:: _pytest.outcomes.skip
-.. autofunction:: _pytest.outcomes.importorskip
-.. autofunction:: _pytest.outcomes.xfail
-.. autofunction:: _pytest.outcomes.exit
-
-Fixtures and requests
------------------------------------------------------
-
-To mark a fixture function:
-
-.. autofunction:: _pytest.fixtures.fixture
-
-Tutorial at :ref:`fixtures`.
-
-The ``request`` object that can be used from fixture functions.
-
-.. autoclass:: _pytest.fixtures.FixtureRequest()
-    :members:
-
-
-.. _builtinfixtures:
-.. _builtinfuncargs:
-
-Builtin fixtures/function arguments
------------------------------------------
-
-You can ask for available builtin or project-custom
-:ref:`fixtures <fixtures>` by typing::
+For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of available fixtures (add ``-v`` to also see fixtures with leading ``_``), type ::
 
     $ pytest -q --fixtures
     cache
@@ -89,17 +26,17 @@ You can ask for available builtin or project-custom
         
         Values can be any object handled by the json stdlib module.
     capsys
-        Enable capturing of writes to sys.stdout/sys.stderr and make
+        Enable capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr`` and make
         captured output available via ``capsys.readouterr()`` method calls
-        which return a ``(out, err)`` tuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text``
+        which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text``
         objects.
     capsysbinary
-        Enable capturing of writes to sys.stdout/sys.stderr and make
+        Enable capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr`` and make
         captured output available via ``capsys.readouterr()`` method calls
         which return a ``(out, err)`` tuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``bytes``
         objects.
     capfd
-        Enable capturing of writes to file descriptors 1 and 2 and make
+        Enable capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2`` and make
         captured output available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method calls
         which return a ``(out, err)`` tuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text``
         objects.
@@ -109,21 +46,41 @@ You can ask for available builtin or project-custom
         which return a ``(out, err)`` tuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be
         ``bytes`` objects.
     doctest_namespace
-        Inject names into the doctest namespace.
+        Fixture that returns a :py:class:`dict` that will be injected into the namespace of doctests.
     pytestconfig
-        the pytest config object with access to command line opts.
-    record_xml_property
-        Add extra xml properties to the tag for the calling test.
+        Session-scoped fixture that returns the :class:`_pytest.config.Config` object.
+        
+        Example::
+        
+            def test_foo(pytestconfig):
+                if pytestconfig.getoption("verbose"):
+                    ...
+    record_property
+        Add an extra properties the calling test.
+        User properties become part of the test report and are available to the
+        configured reporters, like JUnit XML.
         The fixture is callable with ``(name, value)``, with value being automatically
         xml-encoded.
+        
+        Example::
+        
+            def test_function(record_property):
+                record_property("example_key", 1)
+    record_xml_property
+        (Deprecated) use record_property.
+    record_xml_attribute
+        Add extra xml attributes to the tag for the calling test.
+        The fixture is callable with ``(name, value)``, with value being
+        automatically xml-encoded
     caplog
         Access and control log capturing.
         
         Captured logs are available through the following methods::
         
-        * caplog.text()          -> string containing formatted log output
-        * caplog.records()       -> list of logging.LogRecord instances
-        * caplog.record_tuples() -> list of (logger_name, level, message) tuples
+        * caplog.text            -> string containing formatted log output
+        * caplog.records         -> list of logging.LogRecord instances
+        * caplog.record_tuples   -> list of (logger_name, level, message) tuples
+        * caplog.clear()         -> clear captured records and formatted log output string
     monkeypatch
         The returned ``monkeypatch`` fixture provides these
         helper methods to modify objects, dictionaries or os.environ::
@@ -142,10 +99,7 @@ You can ask for available builtin or project-custom
         parameter determines if a KeyError or AttributeError
         will be raised if the set/deletion operation has no target.
     recwarn
-        Return a WarningsRecorder instance that provides these methods:
-        
-        * ``pop(category=None)``: return last warning matching the category.
-        * ``clear()``: clear list of warnings
+        Return a :class:`WarningsRecorder` instance that records all warnings emitted by test functions.
         
         See http://docs.python.org/library/warnings.html for information
         on warning categories.
@@ -157,5 +111,13 @@ You can ask for available builtin or project-custom
         created as a sub directory of the base temporary
         directory.  The returned object is a `py.path.local`_
         path object.
+        
+        .. _`py.path.local`: https://py.readthedocs.io/en/latest/path.html
     
     no tests ran in 0.12 seconds
+
+You can also interactively ask for help, e.g. by typing on the Python interactive prompt something like::
+
+    import pytest
+    help(pytest)
+

doc/en/cache.rst

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ If you then run it with ``--lf``::
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
-    collected 50 items
+    collected 50 items / 48 deselected
     run-last-failure: rerun previous 2 failures
     
     test_50.py FF                                                        [100%]
@@ -106,7 +106,6 @@ If you then run it with ``--lf``::
     E          Failed: bad luck
     
     test_50.py:6: Failed
-    =========================== 48 tests deselected ============================
     ================= 2 failed, 48 deselected in 0.12 seconds ==================
 
 You have run only the two failing test from the last run, while 48 tests have
@@ -152,6 +151,20 @@ of ``FF`` and dots)::
 
 .. _`config.cache`:
 
+New ``--nf``, ``--new-first`` options: run new tests first followed by the rest
+of the tests, in both cases tests are also sorted by the file modified time,
+with more recent files coming first.
+
+Behavior when no tests failed in the last run
+---------------------------------------------
+
+When no tests failed in the last run, or when no cached ``lastfailed`` data was
+found, ``pytest`` can be configured either to run all of the tests or no tests,
+using the ``--last-failed-no-failures`` option, which takes one of the following values::
+
+    pytest --last-failed-no-failures all    # run all tests (default behavior)
+    pytest --last-failed-no-failures none   # run no tests and exit
+
 The new config.cache object
 --------------------------------
 
@@ -212,7 +225,7 @@ the cache and this will be quick::
     test_caching.py:14: AssertionError
     1 failed in 0.12 seconds
 
-See the `cache-api`_ for more details.
+See the :ref:`cache-api` for more details.
 
 
 Inspecting Cache content
@@ -221,14 +234,16 @@ Inspecting Cache content
 You can always peek at the content of the cache using the
 ``--cache-show`` command line option::
 
-    $ py.test --cache-show
+    $ pytest --cache-show
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
-    cachedir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR/.cache
+    cachedir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR/.pytest_cache
     ------------------------------- cache values -------------------------------
     cache/lastfailed contains:
       {'test_caching.py::test_function': True}
+    cache/nodeids contains:
+      ['test_caching.py::test_function']
     example/value contains:
       42
     
@@ -247,22 +262,3 @@ servers where isolation and correctness is more important
 than speed.
 
 
-.. _`cache-api`:
-
-config.cache API
-------------------
-
-The ``config.cache`` object allows other plugins,
-including ``conftest.py`` files,
-to safely and flexibly store and retrieve values across
-test runs because the ``config`` object is available
-in many places.
-
-Under the hood, the cache plugin uses the simple
-dumps/loads API of the json stdlib module
-
-.. currentmodule:: _pytest.cacheprovider
-
-.. automethod:: Cache.get
-.. automethod:: Cache.set
-.. automethod:: Cache.makedir

doc/en/capture.rst

@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ Default stdout/stderr/stdin capturing behaviour
 
 During test execution any output sent to ``stdout`` and ``stderr`` is
 captured.  If a test or a setup method fails its according captured
-output will usually be shown along with the failure traceback.
+output will usually be shown along with the failure traceback. (this
+behavior can be configured by the ``--show-capture`` command-line option).
 
 In addition, ``stdin`` is set to a "null" object which will
 fail on attempts to read from it because it is rarely desired

doc/en/conf.py

@@ -18,8 +18,12 @@
 # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
 # The short X.Y version.
 
-import os, sys
+import os
+import sys
+import datetime
+
 from _pytest import __version__ as version
+
 release = ".".join(version.split(".")[:2])
 
 # If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
@@ -38,7 +42,7 @@ todo_include_todos = 1
 # Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be extensions
 # coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom ones.
 extensions = ['sphinx.ext.autodoc', 'sphinx.ext.todo', 'sphinx.ext.autosummary',
-    'sphinx.ext.intersphinx', 'sphinx.ext.viewcode']
+              'sphinx.ext.intersphinx', 'sphinx.ext.viewcode', 'sphinxcontrib_trio']
 
 # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
 templates_path = ['_templates']
@@ -54,7 +58,8 @@ master_doc = 'contents'
 
 # General information about the project.
 project = u'pytest'
-copyright = u'2015, holger krekel and pytest-dev team'
+year = datetime.datetime.utcnow().year
+copyright = u'2015–{} , holger krekel and pytest-dev team'.format(year)
 
 
 
@@ -310,9 +315,7 @@ texinfo_documents = [
 
 
 # Example configuration for intersphinx: refer to the Python standard library.
-intersphinx_mapping = {'python': ('http://docs.python.org/', None),
-#                       'lib': ("http://docs.python.org/2.7library/", None),
-                    }
+intersphinx_mapping = {'python': ('http://docs.python.org/3', None)}
 
 
 def setup(app):

doc/en/contents.rst

@@ -14,14 +14,13 @@ Full pytest documentation
    usage
    existingtestsuite
    assert
-   builtin
    fixture
+   mark
    monkeypatch
    tmpdir
    capture
    warnings
    doctest
-   mark
    skipping
    parametrize
    cache
@@ -31,6 +30,7 @@ Full pytest documentation
    plugins
    writing_plugins
    logging
+   reference
 
    goodpractices
    pythonpath

doc/en/customize.rst

@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@ Here's a summary what ``pytest`` uses ``rootdir`` for:
 Important to emphasize that ``rootdir`` is **NOT** used to modify ``sys.path``/``PYTHONPATH`` or
 influence how modules are imported. See :ref:`pythonpath` for more details.
 
+``--rootdir=path`` command-line option can be used to force a specific directory. 
+The directory passed may contain environment variables when it is used in conjunction
+with ``addopts`` in a ``pytest.ini`` file.
+
 Finding the ``rootdir``
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -152,182 +156,4 @@ above will show verbose output because ``-v`` overwrites ``-q``.
 Builtin configuration file options
 ----------------------------------------------
 
-.. confval:: minversion
-
-   Specifies a minimal pytest version required for running tests.
-
-        minversion = 2.1  # will fail if we run with pytest-2.0
-
-.. confval:: addopts
-
-   Add the specified ``OPTS`` to the set of command line arguments as if they
-   had been specified by the user. Example: if you have this ini file content:
-
-   .. code-block:: ini
-
-        [pytest]
-        addopts = --maxfail=2 -rf  # exit after 2 failures, report fail info
-
-   issuing ``pytest test_hello.py`` actually means::
-
-        pytest --maxfail=2 -rf test_hello.py
-
-   Default is to add no options.
-
-.. confval:: norecursedirs
-
-   Set the directory basename patterns to avoid when recursing
-   for test discovery.  The individual (fnmatch-style) patterns are
-   applied to the basename of a directory to decide if to recurse into it.
-   Pattern matching characters::
-
-        *       matches everything
-        ?       matches any single character
-        [seq]   matches any character in seq
-        [!seq]  matches any char not in seq
-
-   Default patterns are ``'.*', 'build', 'dist', 'CVS', '_darcs', '{arch}', '*.egg', 'venv'``.
-   Setting a ``norecursedirs`` replaces the default.  Here is an example of
-   how to avoid certain directories:
-
-   .. code-block:: ini
-
-        # content of pytest.ini
-        [pytest]
-        norecursedirs = .svn _build tmp*
-
-   This would tell ``pytest`` to not look into typical subversion or
-   sphinx-build directories or into any ``tmp`` prefixed directory.  
-   
-   Additionally, ``pytest`` will attempt to intelligently identify and ignore a
-   virtualenv by the presence of an activation script.  Any directory deemed to
-   be the root of a virtual environment will not be considered during test
-   collection unless ``‑‑collect‑in‑virtualenv`` is given.  Note also that
-   ``norecursedirs`` takes precedence over ``‑‑collect‑in‑virtualenv``; e.g. if
-   you intend to run tests in a virtualenv with a base directory that matches
-   ``'.*'`` you *must* override ``norecursedirs`` in addition to using the
-   ``‑‑collect‑in‑virtualenv`` flag.
-
-.. confval:: testpaths
-
-   .. versionadded:: 2.8
-
-   Sets list of directories that should be searched for tests when
-   no specific directories, files or test ids are given in the command line when
-   executing pytest from the :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>` directory.
-   Useful when all project tests are in a known location to speed up
-   test collection and to avoid picking up undesired tests by accident.
-
-   .. code-block:: ini
-
-        # content of pytest.ini
-        [pytest]
-        testpaths = testing doc
-
-   This tells pytest to only look for tests in ``testing`` and ``doc``
-   directories when executing from the root directory.
-
-.. confval:: python_files
-
-   One or more Glob-style file patterns determining which python files
-   are considered as test modules. By default, pytest will consider
-   any file matching with ``test_*.py`` and ``*_test.py`` globs as a test
-   module.
-
-.. confval:: python_classes
-
-   One or more name prefixes or glob-style patterns determining which classes
-   are considered for test collection. By default, pytest will consider any
-   class prefixed with ``Test`` as a test collection.  Here is an example of how
-   to collect tests from classes that end in ``Suite``:
-
-   .. code-block:: ini
-
-        # content of pytest.ini
-        [pytest]
-        python_classes = *Suite
-
-   Note that ``unittest.TestCase`` derived classes are always collected
-   regardless of this option, as ``unittest``'s own collection framework is used
-   to collect those tests.
-
-.. confval:: python_functions
-
-   One or more name prefixes or glob-patterns determining which test functions
-   and methods are considered tests. By default, pytest will consider any
-   function prefixed with ``test`` as a test.  Here is an example of how
-   to collect test functions and methods that end in ``_test``:
-
-   .. code-block:: ini
-
-        # content of pytest.ini
-        [pytest]
-        python_functions = *_test
-
-   Note that this has no effect on methods that live on a ``unittest
-   .TestCase`` derived class, as ``unittest``'s own collection framework is used
-   to collect those tests.
-
-   See :ref:`change naming conventions` for more detailed examples.
-
-.. confval:: doctest_optionflags
-
-   One or more doctest flag names from the standard ``doctest`` module.
-   :doc:`See how pytest handles doctests <doctest>`.
-
-.. confval:: confcutdir
-
-   Sets a directory where search upwards for ``conftest.py`` files stops.
-   By default, pytest will stop searching for ``conftest.py`` files upwards
-   from ``pytest.ini``/``tox.ini``/``setup.cfg`` of the project if any,
-   or up to the file-system root.
-
-
-.. confval:: filterwarnings
-
-   .. versionadded:: 3.1
-
-   Sets a list of filters and actions that should be taken for matched
-   warnings. By default all warnings emitted during the test session
-   will be displayed in a summary at the end of the test session.
-
-   .. code-block:: ini
-
-        # content of pytest.ini
-        [pytest]
-        filterwarnings =
-            error
-            ignore::DeprecationWarning
-
-   This tells pytest to ignore deprecation warnings and turn all other warnings
-   into errors. For more information please refer to :ref:`warnings`.
-
-.. confval:: cache_dir
-
-   .. versionadded:: 3.2
-
-   Sets a directory where stores content of cache plugin. Default directory is
-   ``.cache`` which is created in :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>`. Directory may be
-   relative or absolute path. If setting relative path, then directory is created
-   relative to :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>`. Additionally path may contain environment
-   variables, that will be expanded. For more information about cache plugin
-   please refer to :ref:`cache_provider`.
-
-
-.. confval:: console_output_style
-
-   .. versionadded:: 3.3
-
-   Sets the console output style while running tests:
-
-   * ``classic``: classic pytest output.
-   * ``progress``: like classic pytest output, but with a progress indicator.
-
-   The default is ``progress``, but you can fallback to ``classic`` if you prefer or
-   the new mode is causing unexpected problems:
-
-   .. code-block:: ini
-
-        # content of pytest.ini
-        [pytest]
-        console_output_style = classic
+For the full list of options consult the :ref:`reference documentation <ini options ref>`.

doc/en/development_guide.rst

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Development Guide
 =================
 
-Some general guidelines regarding development in pytest for core maintainers and general contributors. Nothing here
+Some general guidelines regarding development in pytest for maintainers and contributors. Nothing here
 is set in stone and can't be changed, feel free to suggest improvements or changes in the workflow.
 
 
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Code Style
 ----------
 
 * `PEP-8 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008>`_
-* `flake8 <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8>`_ for quality checks
+* `flake8 <https://pypi.org/project/flake8/>`_ for quality checks
 * `invoke <http://www.pyinvoke.org/>`_ to automate development tasks
 
 
@@ -37,72 +37,19 @@ Any question, feature, bug or proposal is welcome as an issue. Users are encoura
 GitHub issues should use labels to categorize them. Labels should be created sporadically, to fill a niche; we should
 avoid creating labels just for the sake of creating them.
 
-Here is a list of labels and a brief description mentioning their intent.
+Each label should include a description in the GitHub's interface stating its purpose.
 
+Temporary labels
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
 
-**Type**
+To classify issues for a special event it is encouraged to create a temporary label. This helps those involved to find
+the relevant issues to work on. Examples of that are sprints in Python events or global hacking events.
 
-* ``type: backward compatibility``: issue that will cause problems with old pytest versions.
-* ``type: bug``: problem that needs to be addressed.
-* ``type: deprecation``: feature that will be deprecated in the future.
-* ``type: docs``: documentation missing or needing clarification.
-* ``type: enhancement``: new feature or API change, should be merged into ``features``.
-* ``type: feature-branch``: new feature or API change, should be merged into ``features``.
-* ``type: infrastructure``: improvement to development/releases/CI structure.
-* ``type: performance``: performance or memory problem/improvement.
-* ``type: proposal``: proposal for a new feature, often to gather opinions or design the API around the new feature.
-* ``type: question``: question regarding usage, installation, internals or how to test something.
-* ``type: refactoring``: internal improvements to the code.
-* ``type: regression``: indicates a problem that was introduced in a release which was working previously.
+* ``temporary: EP2017 sprint``: candidate issues or PRs tackled during the EuroPython 2017
 
-**Status**
+Issues created at those events should have other relevant labels added as well.
 
-* ``status: critical``: grave problem or usability issue that affects lots of users.
-* ``status: easy``: easy issue that is friendly to new contributors.
-* ``status: help wanted``: core developers need help from experts on this topic.
-* ``status: needs information``: reporter needs to provide more information; can be closed after 2 or more weeks of inactivity.
-
-**Topic**
-
-* ``topic: collection``
-* ``topic: fixtures``
-* ``topic: parametrize``
-* ``topic: reporting``
-* ``topic: selection``
-* ``topic: tracebacks``
-
-**Plugin (internal or external)**
-
-* ``plugin: cache``
-* ``plugin: capture``
-* ``plugin: doctests``
-* ``plugin: junitxml``
-* ``plugin: monkeypatch``
-* ``plugin: nose``
-* ``plugin: pastebin``
-* ``plugin: pytester``
-* ``plugin: tmpdir``
-* ``plugin: unittest``
-* ``plugin: warnings``
-* ``plugin: xdist``
-
-
-**OS**
-
-Issues specific to a single operating system. Do not use as a means to indicate where an issue originated from, only
-for problems that happen **only** in that system.
-
-* ``os: linux``
-* ``os: mac``
-* ``os: windows``
-
-**Temporary**
-
-Used to classify issues for limited time, to help find issues related in events for example.
-They should be removed after they are no longer relevant.
-
-* ``temporary: EP2017 sprint``:
-* ``temporary: sprint-candidate``:
+Those labels should be removed after they are no longer relevant.
 
 
 .. include:: ../../HOWTORELEASE.rst

doc/en/doctest.rst

@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@ Also, :ref:`usefixtures` and :ref:`autouse` fixtures are supported
 when executing text doctest files.
 
 The standard ``doctest`` module provides some setting flags to configure the
-strictness of doctest tests. In pytest You can enable those flags those flags
-using the configuration file. To make pytest ignore trailing whitespaces and
-ignore lengthy exception stack traces you can just write:
+strictness of doctest tests. In pytest, you can enable those flags using the
+configuration file. To make pytest ignore trailing whitespaces and ignore
+lengthy exception stack traces you can just write:
 
 .. code-block:: ini
 
@@ -115,6 +115,13 @@ itself::
     >>> get_unicode_greeting()  # doctest: +ALLOW_UNICODE
     'Hello'
 
+By default, pytest would report only the first failure for a given doctest.  If
+you want to continue the test even when you have failures, do::
+
+    pytest --doctest-modules --doctest-continue-on-failure
+
+
+.. _`doctest_namespace`:
 
 The 'doctest_namespace' fixture
 -------------------------------

doc/en/example/assertion/failure_demo.py

@@ -157,12 +157,14 @@ class TestRaises(object):
 
 # thanks to Matthew Scott for this test
 def test_dynamic_compile_shows_nicely():
+    import imp
+    import sys
     src = 'def foo():\n assert 1 == 0\n'
     name = 'abc-123'
-    module = py.std.imp.new_module(name)
+    module = imp.new_module(name)
     code = _pytest._code.compile(src, name, 'exec')
     py.builtin.exec_(code, module.__dict__)
-    py.std.sys.modules[name] = module
+    sys.modules[name] = module
     module.foo()
 
 

doc/en/example/markers.rst

@@ -32,13 +32,12 @@ You can then restrict a test run to only run tests marked with ``webtest``::
     $ pytest -v -m webtest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-    cachedir: .cache
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
-    collecting ... collected 4 items
+    collecting ... collected 4 items / 3 deselected
     
     test_server.py::test_send_http PASSED                                [100%]
     
-    ============================ 3 tests deselected ============================
     ================== 1 passed, 3 deselected in 0.12 seconds ==================
 
 Or the inverse, running all tests except the webtest ones::
@@ -46,15 +45,14 @@ Or the inverse, running all tests except the webtest ones::
     $ pytest -v -m "not webtest"
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-    cachedir: .cache
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
-    collecting ... collected 4 items
+    collecting ... collected 4 items / 1 deselected
     
     test_server.py::test_something_quick PASSED                          [ 33%]
     test_server.py::test_another PASSED                                  [ 66%]
     test_server.py::TestClass::test_method PASSED                        [100%]
     
-    ============================ 1 tests deselected ============================
     ================== 3 passed, 1 deselected in 0.12 seconds ==================
 
 Selecting tests based on their node ID
@@ -67,7 +65,7 @@ tests based on their module, class, method, or function name::
     $ pytest -v test_server.py::TestClass::test_method
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-    cachedir: .cache
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
     collecting ... collected 1 item
     
@@ -80,7 +78,7 @@ You can also select on the class::
     $ pytest -v test_server.py::TestClass
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-    cachedir: .cache
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
     collecting ... collected 1 item
     
@@ -93,7 +91,7 @@ Or select multiple nodes::
   $ pytest -v test_server.py::TestClass test_server.py::test_send_http
   =========================== test session starts ============================
   platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-  cachedir: .cache
+  cachedir: .pytest_cache
   rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
   collecting ... collected 2 items
   
@@ -131,13 +129,12 @@ select tests based on their names::
     $ pytest -v -k http  # running with the above defined example module
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-    cachedir: .cache
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
-    collecting ... collected 4 items
+    collecting ... collected 4 items / 3 deselected
     
     test_server.py::test_send_http PASSED                                [100%]
     
-    ============================ 3 tests deselected ============================
     ================== 1 passed, 3 deselected in 0.12 seconds ==================
 
 And you can also run all tests except the ones that match the keyword::
@@ -145,15 +142,14 @@ And you can also run all tests except the ones that match the keyword::
     $ pytest -k "not send_http" -v
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-    cachedir: .cache
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
-    collecting ... collected 4 items
+    collecting ... collected 4 items / 1 deselected
     
     test_server.py::test_something_quick PASSED                          [ 33%]
     test_server.py::test_another PASSED                                  [ 66%]
     test_server.py::TestClass::test_method PASSED                        [100%]
     
-    ============================ 1 tests deselected ============================
     ================== 3 passed, 1 deselected in 0.12 seconds ==================
 
 Or to select "http" and "quick" tests::
@@ -161,14 +157,13 @@ Or to select "http" and "quick" tests::
     $ pytest -k "http or quick" -v
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-    cachedir: .cache
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
-    collecting ... collected 4 items
+    collecting ... collected 4 items / 2 deselected
     
     test_server.py::test_send_http PASSED                                [ 50%]
     test_server.py::test_something_quick PASSED                          [100%]
     
-    ============================ 2 tests deselected ============================
     ================== 2 passed, 2 deselected in 0.12 seconds ==================
 
 .. note::
@@ -335,11 +330,10 @@ specifies via named environments::
             "env(name): mark test to run only on named environment")
 
     def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
-        envmarker = item.get_marker("env")
-        if envmarker is not None:
-            envname = envmarker.args[0]
-            if envname != item.config.getoption("-E"):
-                pytest.skip("test requires env %r" % envname)
+        envnames = [mark.args[0] for mark in item.iter_markers(name='env')]
+        if envnames:
+            if item.config.getoption("-E") not in envnames:
+                pytest.skip("test requires env in %r" % envnames)
 
 A test file using this local plugin::
 
@@ -408,11 +402,9 @@ Below is the config file that will be used in the next examples::
     import sys
 
     def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
-        marker = item.get_marker('my_marker')
-        if marker is not None:
-            for info in marker:
-                print('Marker info name={} args={} kwars={}'.format(info.name, info.args, info.kwargs))
-                sys.stdout.flush()
+        for marker in item.iter_markers(name='my_marker'):
+            print(marker)
+            sys.stdout.flush()
 
 A custom marker can have its argument set, i.e. ``args`` and ``kwargs`` properties, defined by either invoking it as a callable or using ``pytest.mark.MARKER_NAME.with_args``. These two methods achieve the same effect most of the time.
 
@@ -431,8 +423,8 @@ However, if there is a callable as the single positional argument with no keywor
 The output is as follows::
 
     $ pytest -q -s
-    Marker info name=my_marker args=(<function hello_world at 0xdeadbeef>,) kwars={}
-    .                                                                    [100%]
+    Mark(name='my_marker', args=(<function hello_world at 0xdeadbeef>,), kwargs={})
+    .
     1 passed in 0.12 seconds
 
 We can see that the custom marker has its argument set extended with the function ``hello_world``. This is the key difference between creating a custom marker as a callable, which invokes ``__call__`` behind the scenes, and using ``with_args``.
@@ -465,11 +457,9 @@ test function.  From a conftest file we can read it like this::
     import sys
 
     def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
-        g = item.get_marker("glob")
-        if g is not None:
-            for info in g:
-                print ("glob args=%s kwargs=%s" %(info.args, info.kwargs))
-                sys.stdout.flush()
+        for mark in item.iter_markers(name='glob'):
+            print ("glob args=%s kwargs=%s" %(mark.args, mark.kwargs))
+            sys.stdout.flush()
 
 Let's run this without capturing output and see what we get::
 
@@ -477,7 +467,7 @@ Let's run this without capturing output and see what we get::
     glob args=('function',) kwargs={'x': 3}
     glob args=('class',) kwargs={'x': 2}
     glob args=('module',) kwargs={'x': 1}
-    .                                                                    [100%]
+    .
     1 passed in 0.12 seconds
 
 marking platform specific tests with pytest
@@ -499,11 +489,10 @@ for your particular platform, you could use the following plugin::
     ALL = set("darwin linux win32".split())
 
     def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
-        if isinstance(item, item.Function):
-            plat = sys.platform
-            if not item.get_marker(plat):
-                if ALL.intersection(item.keywords):
-                    pytest.skip("cannot run on platform %s" %(plat))
+        supported_platforms = ALL.intersection(mark.name for mark in item.iter_markers())
+        plat = sys.platform
+        if supported_platforms and plat not in supported_platforms:
+            pytest.skip("cannot run on platform %s" % (plat))
 
 then tests will be skipped if they were specified for a different platform.
 Let's do a little test file to show how this looks like::
@@ -537,7 +526,7 @@ then you will see two tests skipped and two executed tests as expected::
     
     test_plat.py s.s.                                                    [100%]
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
-    SKIP [2] $REGENDOC_TMPDIR/conftest.py:13: cannot run on platform linux
+    SKIP [2] $REGENDOC_TMPDIR/conftest.py:12: cannot run on platform linux
     
     =================== 2 passed, 2 skipped in 0.12 seconds ====================
 
@@ -547,11 +536,10 @@ Note that if you specify a platform via the marker-command line option like this
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
-    collected 4 items
+    collected 4 items / 3 deselected
     
     test_plat.py .                                                       [100%]
     
-    ============================ 3 tests deselected ============================
     ================== 1 passed, 3 deselected in 0.12 seconds ==================
 
 then the unmarked-tests will not be run.  It is thus a way to restrict the run to the specific tests.
@@ -599,7 +587,7 @@ We can now use the ``-m option`` to select one set::
   =========================== test session starts ============================
   platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y
   rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
-  collected 4 items
+  collected 4 items / 2 deselected
   
   test_module.py FF                                                    [100%]
   
@@ -612,7 +600,6 @@ We can now use the ``-m option`` to select one set::
   test_module.py:6: in test_interface_complex
       assert 0
   E   assert 0
-  ============================ 2 tests deselected ============================
   ================== 2 failed, 2 deselected in 0.12 seconds ==================
 
 or to select both "event" and "interface" tests::
@@ -621,7 +608,7 @@ or to select both "event" and "interface" tests::
   =========================== test session starts ============================
   platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y
   rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
-  collected 4 items
+  collected 4 items / 1 deselected
   
   test_module.py FFF                                                   [100%]
   
@@ -638,5 +625,4 @@ or to select both "event" and "interface" tests::
   test_module.py:9: in test_event_simple
       assert 0
   E   assert 0
-  ============================ 1 tests deselected ============================
   ================== 3 failed, 1 deselected in 0.12 seconds ==================

doc/en/example/nonpython.rst

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ A basic example for specifying tests in Yaml files
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
 .. _`pytest-yamlwsgi`: http://bitbucket.org/aafshar/pytest-yamlwsgi/src/tip/pytest_yamlwsgi.py
-.. _`PyYAML`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/PyYAML/
+.. _`PyYAML`: https://pypi.org/project/PyYAML/
 
 Here is an example ``conftest.py`` (extracted from Ali Afshnars special purpose `pytest-yamlwsgi`_ plugin).   This ``conftest.py`` will  collect ``test*.yml`` files and will execute the yaml-formatted content as custom tests:
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ consulted when reporting in ``verbose`` mode::
     nonpython $ pytest -v
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-    cachedir: .cache
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR/nonpython, inifile:
     collecting ... collected 2 items
     

doc/en/example/parametrize.rst

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ together with the actual data, instead of listing them separately.
 A quick port of "testscenarios"
 ------------------------------------
 
-.. _`test scenarios`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/testscenarios/
+.. _`test scenarios`: https://pypi.org/project/testscenarios/
 
 Here is a quick port to run tests configured with `test scenarios`_,
 an add-on from Robert Collins for the standard unittest framework. We
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ If you run this with reporting for skips enabled::
     
     =================== 1 passed, 1 skipped in 0.12 seconds ====================
 
-You'll see that we don't have a ``opt2`` module and thus the second test run
+You'll see that we don't have an ``opt2`` module and thus the second test run
 of our ``test_func1`` was skipped.  A few notes:
 
 - the fixture functions in the ``conftest.py`` file are "session-scoped" because we

doc/en/example/pythoncollection.rst

@@ -39,6 +39,14 @@ you will see that ``pytest`` only collects test-modules, which do not match the
 
     ======= 5 passed in 0.02 seconds =======
 
+Deselect tests during test collection
+-------------------------------------
+
+Tests can individually be deselected during collection by passing the ``--deselect=item`` option.
+For example, say ``tests/foobar/test_foobar_01.py`` contains ``test_a`` and ``test_b``.
+You can run all of the tests within ``tests/`` *except* for ``tests/foobar/test_foobar_01.py::test_a``
+by invoking ``pytest`` with ``--deselect tests/foobar/test_foobar_01.py::test_a``.
+``pytest`` allows multiple ``--deselect`` options.
 
 Keeping duplicate paths specified from command line
 ----------------------------------------------------
@@ -46,7 +54,7 @@ Keeping duplicate paths specified from command line
 Default behavior of ``pytest`` is to ignore duplicate paths specified from the command line.
 Example::
 
-    py.test path_a path_a
+    pytest path_a path_a
 
     ...
     collected 1 item
@@ -57,7 +65,7 @@ Just collect tests once.
 To collect duplicate tests, use the ``--keep-duplicates`` option on the cli.
 Example::
 
-    py.test --keep-duplicates path_a path_a
+    pytest --keep-duplicates path_a path_a
 
     ...
     collected 2 items
@@ -67,7 +75,7 @@ As the collector just works on directories, if you specify twice a single test f
 still collect it twice, no matter if the ``--keep-duplicates`` is not specified.
 Example::
 
-    py.test test_a.py test_a.py
+    pytest test_a.py test_a.py
 
     ...
     collected 2 items

doc/en/example/reportingdemo.rst

@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     >   int(s)
     E   ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'qwe'
     
-    <0-codegen $PYTHON_PREFIX/lib/python3.5/site-packages/_pytest/python_api.py:580>:1: ValueError
+    <0-codegen $PYTHON_PREFIX/lib/python3.5/site-packages/_pytest/python_api.py:615>:1: ValueError
     ______________________ TestRaises.test_raises_doesnt _______________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestRaises object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -411,22 +411,24 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     ____________________ test_dynamic_compile_shows_nicely _____________________
     
         def test_dynamic_compile_shows_nicely():
+            import imp
+            import sys
             src = 'def foo():\n assert 1 == 0\n'
             name = 'abc-123'
-            module = py.std.imp.new_module(name)
+            module = imp.new_module(name)
             code = _pytest._code.compile(src, name, 'exec')
             py.builtin.exec_(code, module.__dict__)
-            py.std.sys.modules[name] = module
+            sys.modules[name] = module
     >       module.foo()
     
-    failure_demo.py:166: 
+    failure_demo.py:168: 
     _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
     
         def foo():
     >    assert 1 == 0
     E    AssertionError
     
-    <2-codegen 'abc-123' $REGENDOC_TMPDIR/assertion/failure_demo.py:163>:2: AssertionError
+    <2-codegen 'abc-123' $REGENDOC_TMPDIR/assertion/failure_demo.py:165>:2: AssertionError
     ____________________ TestMoreErrors.test_complex_error _____________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestMoreErrors object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -438,7 +440,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
                 return 43
     >       somefunc(f(), g())
     
-    failure_demo.py:176: 
+    failure_demo.py:178: 
     _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
     failure_demo.py:9: in somefunc
         otherfunc(x,y)
@@ -460,7 +462,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     >       a,b  = l
     E       ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 0)
     
-    failure_demo.py:180: ValueError
+    failure_demo.py:182: ValueError
     ____________________ TestMoreErrors.test_z2_type_error _____________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestMoreErrors object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -470,7 +472,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     >       a,b  = l
     E       TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable
     
-    failure_demo.py:184: TypeError
+    failure_demo.py:186: TypeError
     ______________________ TestMoreErrors.test_startswith ______________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestMoreErrors object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -483,7 +485,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     E        +  where False = <built-in method startswith of str object at 0xdeadbeef>('456')
     E        +    where <built-in method startswith of str object at 0xdeadbeef> = '123'.startswith
     
-    failure_demo.py:189: AssertionError
+    failure_demo.py:191: AssertionError
     __________________ TestMoreErrors.test_startswith_nested ___________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestMoreErrors object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -500,7 +502,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     E        +      where '123' = <function TestMoreErrors.test_startswith_nested.<locals>.f at 0xdeadbeef>()
     E        +    and   '456' = <function TestMoreErrors.test_startswith_nested.<locals>.g at 0xdeadbeef>()
     
-    failure_demo.py:196: AssertionError
+    failure_demo.py:198: AssertionError
     _____________________ TestMoreErrors.test_global_func ______________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestMoreErrors object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -511,7 +513,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     E        +  where False = isinstance(43, float)
     E        +    where 43 = globf(42)
     
-    failure_demo.py:199: AssertionError
+    failure_demo.py:201: AssertionError
     _______________________ TestMoreErrors.test_instance _______________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestMoreErrors object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -522,7 +524,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     E       assert 42 != 42
     E        +  where 42 = <failure_demo.TestMoreErrors object at 0xdeadbeef>.x
     
-    failure_demo.py:203: AssertionError
+    failure_demo.py:205: AssertionError
     _______________________ TestMoreErrors.test_compare ________________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestMoreErrors object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -532,7 +534,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     E       assert 11 < 5
     E        +  where 11 = globf(10)
     
-    failure_demo.py:206: AssertionError
+    failure_demo.py:208: AssertionError
     _____________________ TestMoreErrors.test_try_finally ______________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestMoreErrors object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -543,7 +545,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     >           assert x == 0
     E           assert 1 == 0
     
-    failure_demo.py:211: AssertionError
+    failure_demo.py:213: AssertionError
     ___________________ TestCustomAssertMsg.test_single_line ___________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestCustomAssertMsg object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -557,7 +559,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     E       assert 1 == 2
     E        +  where 1 = <class 'failure_demo.TestCustomAssertMsg.test_single_line.<locals>.A'>.a
     
-    failure_demo.py:222: AssertionError
+    failure_demo.py:224: AssertionError
     ____________________ TestCustomAssertMsg.test_multiline ____________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestCustomAssertMsg object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -574,7 +576,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     E       assert 1 == 2
     E        +  where 1 = <class 'failure_demo.TestCustomAssertMsg.test_multiline.<locals>.A'>.a
     
-    failure_demo.py:228: AssertionError
+    failure_demo.py:230: AssertionError
     ___________________ TestCustomAssertMsg.test_custom_repr ___________________
     
     self = <failure_demo.TestCustomAssertMsg object at 0xdeadbeef>
@@ -594,7 +596,7 @@ get on the terminal - we are working on that)::
     E       assert 1 == 2
     E        +  where 1 = This is JSON\n{\n  'foo': 'bar'\n}.a
     
-    failure_demo.py:238: AssertionError
+    failure_demo.py:240: AssertionError
     ============================= warnings summary =============================
     None
       Metafunc.addcall is deprecated and scheduled to be removed in pytest 4.0.

doc/en/example/simple.rst

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 Basic patterns and examples
 ==========================================================
 
+.. _request example:
+
 Pass different values to a test function, depending on command line options
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -100,13 +102,13 @@ the command line arguments before they get processed:
 
     # content of conftest.py
     import sys
-    def pytest_cmdline_preparse(args):
+    def pytest_load_initial_conftests(args):
         if 'xdist' in sys.modules: # pytest-xdist plugin
             import multiprocessing
             num = max(multiprocessing.cpu_count() / 2, 1)
             args[:] = ["-n", str(num)] + args
 
-If you have the `xdist plugin <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-xdist>`_ installed
+If you have the `xdist plugin <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-xdist/>`_ installed
 you will now always perform test runs using a number
 of subprocesses close to your CPU. Running in an empty
 directory with the above conftest.py::
@@ -332,7 +334,7 @@ which will add info only when run with "--v"::
     $ pytest -v
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-    cachedir: .cache
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
     info1: did you know that ...
     did you?
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
@@ -385,9 +387,9 @@ Now we can profile which test functions execute the slowest::
     test_some_are_slow.py ...                                            [100%]
     
     ========================= slowest 3 test durations =========================
-    0.31s call     test_some_are_slow.py::test_funcslow2
+    0.30s call     test_some_are_slow.py::test_funcslow2
     0.20s call     test_some_are_slow.py::test_funcslow1
-    0.17s call     test_some_are_slow.py::test_funcfast
+    0.11s call     test_some_are_slow.py::test_funcfast
     ========================= 3 passed in 0.12 seconds =========================
 
 incremental testing - test steps
@@ -449,9 +451,6 @@ If we run this::
     collected 4 items
     
     test_step.py .Fx.                                                    [100%]
-    ========================= short test summary info ==========================
-    XFAIL test_step.py::TestUserHandling::()::test_deletion
-      reason: previous test failed (test_modification)
     
     ================================= FAILURES =================================
     ____________________ TestUserHandling.test_modification ____________________
@@ -463,6 +462,9 @@ If we run this::
     E       assert 0
     
     test_step.py:9: AssertionError
+    ========================= short test summary info ==========================
+    XFAIL test_step.py::TestUserHandling::()::test_deletion
+      reason: previous test failed (test_modification)
     ============== 1 failed, 2 passed, 1 xfailed in 0.12 seconds ===============
 
 We'll see that ``test_deletion`` was not executed because ``test_modification``
@@ -537,7 +539,7 @@ We can run this::
     file $REGENDOC_TMPDIR/b/test_error.py, line 1
       def test_root(db):  # no db here, will error out
     E       fixture 'db' not found
-    >       available fixtures: cache, capfd, capfdbinary, caplog, capsys, capsysbinary, doctest_namespace, monkeypatch, pytestconfig, record_xml_property, recwarn, tmpdir, tmpdir_factory
+    >       available fixtures: cache, capfd, capfdbinary, caplog, capsys, capsysbinary, doctest_namespace, monkeypatch, pytestconfig, record_property, record_xml_attribute, record_xml_property, recwarn, tmpdir, tmpdir_factory
     >       use 'pytest --fixtures [testpath]' for help on them.
     
     $REGENDOC_TMPDIR/b/test_error.py:1
@@ -731,7 +733,7 @@ and run it::
     
     test_module.py Esetting up a test failed! test_module.py::test_setup_fails
     Fexecuting test failed test_module.py::test_call_fails
-    F                                                   [100%]
+    F
     
     ================================== ERRORS ==================================
     ____________________ ERROR at setup of test_setup_fails ____________________
@@ -764,6 +766,8 @@ and run it::
 You'll see that the fixture finalizers could use the precise reporting
 information.
 
+.. _pytest current test env:
+
 ``PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST`` environment variable
 --------------------------------------------
 
@@ -774,7 +778,7 @@ which test got stuck, for example if pytest was run in quiet mode (``-q``) or yo
 output. This is particularly a problem if the problem helps only sporadically, the famous "flaky" kind of tests.
 
 ``pytest`` sets a ``PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST`` environment variable when running tests, which can be inspected
-by process monitoring utilities or libraries like `psutil <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/psutil>`_ to discover which
+by process monitoring utilities or libraries like `psutil <https://pypi.org/project/psutil/>`_ to discover which
 test got stuck if necessary:
 
 .. code-block:: python
@@ -826,15 +830,20 @@ Instead of freezing the pytest runner as a separate executable, you can make
 your frozen program work as the pytest runner by some clever
 argument handling during program startup. This allows you to 
 have a single executable, which is usually more convenient.
+Please note that the mechanism for plugin discovery used by pytest
+(setupttools entry points) doesn't work with frozen executables so pytest
+can't find any third party plugins automatically. To include third party plugins 
+like ``pytest-timeout`` they must be imported explicitly and passed on to pytest.main.
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
     # contents of app_main.py
     import sys
+    import pytest_timeout  # Third party plugin
 
     if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == '--pytest':
         import pytest
-        sys.exit(pytest.main(sys.argv[2:]))
+        sys.exit(pytest.main(sys.argv[2:], plugins=[pytest_timeout]))
     else:
         # normal application execution: at this point argv can be parsed
         # by your argument-parsing library of choice as usual
@@ -845,3 +854,4 @@ This allows you to execute tests using the frozen
 application with standard ``pytest`` command-line options::
 
     ./app_main --pytest --verbose --tb=long --junitxml=results.xml test-suite/
+

doc/en/example/special.rst

@@ -68,5 +68,5 @@ If you run this without output capturing::
     .test_method1 called
     .test other
     .test_unit1 method called
-    .                                                                 [100%]
+    .
     4 passed in 0.12 seconds

doc/en/faq.rst

@@ -30,14 +30,14 @@ and does not handle Deferreds returned from a test in pytest style.
 If you are using trial's unittest.TestCase chances are that you can
 just run your tests even if you return Deferreds.  In addition,
 there also is a dedicated `pytest-twisted
-<http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-twisted>`_ plugin which allows you to
+<https://pypi.org/project/pytest-twisted/>`_ plugin which allows you to
 return deferreds from pytest-style tests, allowing the use of
 :ref:`fixtures` and other features.
 
 how does pytest work with Django?
 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 
-In 2012, some work is going into the `pytest-django plugin <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-django>`_.  It substitutes the usage of Django's
+In 2012, some work is going into the `pytest-django plugin <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-django/>`_.  It substitutes the usage of Django's
 ``manage.py test`` and allows the use of all pytest features_ most of which
 are not available from Django directly.
 

doc/en/fixture.rst

@@ -111,11 +111,11 @@ with a list of available function arguments.
 
 .. note::
 
-    You can always issue::
+    You can always issue ::
 
         pytest --fixtures test_simplefactory.py
 
-    to see available fixtures.
+    to see available fixtures (fixtures with leading ``_`` are only shown if you add the ``-v`` option).
 
 Fixtures: a prime example of dependency injection
 ---------------------------------------------------
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ automatically gets discovered by pytest. The discovery of
 fixture functions starts at test classes, then test modules, then
 ``conftest.py`` files and finally builtin and third party plugins.
 
-You can also use the ``conftest.py`` file to implement 
+You can also use the ``conftest.py`` file to implement
 :ref:`local per-directory plugins <conftest.py plugins>`.
 
 Sharing test data
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ This makes use of the automatic caching mechanisms of pytest.
 Another good approach is by adding the data files in the ``tests`` folder.
 There are also community plugins available to help managing this aspect of 
 testing, e.g. `pytest-datadir <https://github.com/gabrielcnr/pytest-datadir>`__ 
-and `pytest-datafiles <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-datafiles>`__. 
+and `pytest-datafiles <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-datafiles/>`__. 
 
 .. _smtpshared:
 
@@ -256,6 +256,50 @@ instance, you can simply declare it:
 
 Finally, the ``class`` scope will invoke the fixture once per test *class*.
 
+
+Higher-scoped fixtures are instantiated first
+---------------------------------------------
+
+.. versionadded:: 3.5
+
+Within a function request for features, fixture of higher-scopes (such as ``session``) are instantiated first than
+lower-scoped fixtures (such as ``function`` or ``class``). The relative order of fixtures of same scope follows
+the declared order in the test function and honours dependencies between fixtures.
+
+Consider the code below:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    @pytest.fixture(scope="session")
+    def s1():
+        pass
+
+    @pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+    def m1():
+        pass
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def f1(tmpdir):
+        pass
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def f2():
+        pass
+
+    def test_foo(f1, m1, f2, s1):
+        ...
+
+
+The fixtures requested by ``test_foo`` will be instantiated in the following order:
+
+1. ``s1``: is the highest-scoped fixture (``session``).
+2. ``m1``: is the second highest-scoped fixture (``module``).
+3. ``tmpdir``: is a ``function``-scoped fixture, required by ``f1``: it needs to be instantiated at this point
+   because it is a dependency of ``f1``.
+4. ``f1``: is the first ``function``-scoped fixture in ``test_foo`` parameter list.
+5. ``f2``: is the last ``function``-scoped fixture in ``test_foo`` parameter list.
+
+
 .. _`finalization`:
 
 Fixture finalization / executing teardown code
@@ -286,7 +330,7 @@ tests.
 Let's execute it::
 
     $ pytest -s -q --tb=no
-    FF                                                                   [100%]teardown smtp
+    FFteardown smtp
     
     2 failed in 0.12 seconds
 
@@ -369,7 +413,7 @@ ends, but ``addfinalizer`` has two key differences over ``yield``:
 Fixtures can introspect the requesting test context
 -------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Fixture function can accept the :py:class:`request <FixtureRequest>` object
+Fixture functions can accept the :py:class:`request <FixtureRequest>` object
 to introspect the "requesting" test function, class or module context.
 Further extending the previous ``smtp`` fixture example, let's
 read an optional server URL from the test module which uses our fixture::
@@ -391,7 +435,7 @@ We use the ``request.module`` attribute to optionally obtain an
 again, nothing much has changed::
 
     $ pytest -s -q --tb=no
-    FF                                                                   [100%]finalizing <smtplib.SMTP object at 0xdeadbeef> (smtp.gmail.com)
+    FFfinalizing <smtplib.SMTP object at 0xdeadbeef> (smtp.gmail.com)
     
     2 failed in 0.12 seconds
 
@@ -579,6 +623,40 @@ Running the above tests results in the following test IDs being used::
    
    ======================= no tests ran in 0.12 seconds =======================
 
+.. _`fixture-parametrize-marks`:
+
+Using marks with parametrized fixtures
+--------------------------------------
+
+:func:`pytest.param` can be used to apply marks in values sets of parametrized fixtures in the same way
+that they can be used with :ref:`@pytest.mark.parametrize <@pytest.mark.parametrize>`.
+
+Example::
+
+    # content of test_fixture_marks.py
+    import pytest
+    @pytest.fixture(params=[0, 1, pytest.param(2, marks=pytest.mark.skip)])
+    def data_set(request):
+        return request.param
+
+    def test_data(data_set):
+        pass
+
+Running this test will *skip* the invocation of ``data_set`` with value ``2``::
+
+    $ pytest test_fixture_marks.py -v
+    =========================== test session starts ============================
+    platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
+    rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
+    collecting ... collected 3 items
+    
+    test_fixture_marks.py::test_data[0] PASSED                           [ 33%]
+    test_fixture_marks.py::test_data[1] PASSED                           [ 66%]
+    test_fixture_marks.py::test_data[2] SKIPPED                          [100%]
+    
+    =================== 2 passed, 1 skipped in 0.12 seconds ====================
+
 .. _`interdependent fixtures`:
 
 Modularity: using fixtures from a fixture function
@@ -612,7 +690,7 @@ Here we declare an ``app`` fixture which receives the previously defined
     $ pytest -v test_appsetup.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-    cachedir: .cache
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
     collecting ... collected 2 items
     
@@ -681,40 +759,40 @@ Let's run the tests in verbose mode and with looking at the print-output::
     $ pytest -v -s test_module.py
     =========================== test session starts ============================
     platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python3.5
-    cachedir: .cache
+    cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
     collecting ... collected 8 items
     
     test_module.py::test_0[1]   SETUP otherarg 1
       RUN test0 with otherarg 1
-    PASSED                                     [ 12%]  TEARDOWN otherarg 1
+    PASSED  TEARDOWN otherarg 1
     
     test_module.py::test_0[2]   SETUP otherarg 2
       RUN test0 with otherarg 2
-    PASSED                                     [ 25%]  TEARDOWN otherarg 2
+    PASSED  TEARDOWN otherarg 2
     
     test_module.py::test_1[mod1]   SETUP modarg mod1
       RUN test1 with modarg mod1
-    PASSED                                  [ 37%]
-    test_module.py::test_2[1-mod1]   SETUP otherarg 1
+    PASSED
+    test_module.py::test_2[mod1-1]   SETUP otherarg 1
       RUN test2 with otherarg 1 and modarg mod1
-    PASSED                                [ 50%]  TEARDOWN otherarg 1
+    PASSED  TEARDOWN otherarg 1
     
-    test_module.py::test_2[2-mod1]   SETUP otherarg 2
+    test_module.py::test_2[mod1-2]   SETUP otherarg 2
       RUN test2 with otherarg 2 and modarg mod1
-    PASSED                                [ 62%]  TEARDOWN otherarg 2
+    PASSED  TEARDOWN otherarg 2
     
     test_module.py::test_1[mod2]   TEARDOWN modarg mod1
       SETUP modarg mod2
       RUN test1 with modarg mod2
-    PASSED                                  [ 75%]
-    test_module.py::test_2[1-mod2]   SETUP otherarg 1
+    PASSED
+    test_module.py::test_2[mod2-1]   SETUP otherarg 1
       RUN test2 with otherarg 1 and modarg mod2
-    PASSED                                [ 87%]  TEARDOWN otherarg 1
+    PASSED  TEARDOWN otherarg 1
     
-    test_module.py::test_2[2-mod2]   SETUP otherarg 2
+    test_module.py::test_2[mod2-2]   SETUP otherarg 2
       RUN test2 with otherarg 2 and modarg mod2
-    PASSED                                [100%]  TEARDOWN otherarg 2
+    PASSED  TEARDOWN otherarg 2
       TEARDOWN modarg mod2
     
     

doc/en/getting-started.rst

@@ -5,34 +5,36 @@ Installation and Getting Started
 
 **Platforms**: Unix/Posix and Windows
 
-**PyPI package name**: `pytest <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest>`_
+**PyPI package name**: `pytest <https://pypi.org/project/pytest/>`_
 
-**dependencies**: `py <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/py>`_,
-`colorama (Windows) <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/colorama>`_,
+**Dependencies**: `py <https://pypi.org/project/py/>`_,
+`colorama (Windows) <https://pypi.org/project/colorama/>`_,
 
-**documentation as PDF**: `download latest <https://media.readthedocs.org/pdf/pytest/latest/pytest.pdf>`_
+**Documentation as PDF**: `download latest <https://media.readthedocs.org/pdf/pytest/latest/pytest.pdf>`_
+
+``pytest`` is a framework that makes building simple and scalable tests easy. Tests are expressive and readable—no boilerplate code required. Get started in minutes with a small unit test or complex functional test for your application or library.
 
 .. _`getstarted`:
-.. _installation:
+.. _`installation`:
 
-Installation
+Install ``pytest``
 ----------------------------------------
 
-Installation::
+1. Run the following command in your command line::
 
     pip install -U pytest
 
-To check your installation has installed the correct version::
+2. Check that you installed the correct version::
 
     $ pytest --version
     This is pytest version 3.x.y, imported from $PYTHON_PREFIX/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pytest.py
 
 .. _`simpletest`:
 
-Our first test run
+Create your first test
 ----------------------------------------------------------
 
-Let's create a first test file with a simple test function::
+Create a simple test function with just four lines of code::
 
     # content of test_sample.py
     def func(x):
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ Let's create a first test file with a simple test function::
     def test_answer():
         assert func(3) == 5
 
-That's it. You can execute the test function now::
+That’s it. You can now execute the test function::
 
     $ pytest
     =========================== test session starts ============================
@@ -62,30 +64,22 @@ That's it. You can execute the test function now::
     test_sample.py:5: AssertionError
     ========================= 1 failed in 0.12 seconds =========================
 
-We got a failure report because our little ``func(3)`` call did not return ``5``.
+This test returns a failure report because ``func(3)`` does not return ``5``.
 
 .. note::
 
-    You can simply use the ``assert`` statement for asserting test
-    expectations.  pytest's :ref:`assert introspection` will intelligently
-    report intermediate values of the assert expression freeing
-    you from the need to learn the many names of `JUnit legacy methods`_.
+    You can use the ``assert`` statement to verify test expectations. pytest’s `Advanced assertion introspection <http://docs.python.org/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-assert-statement>`_ will intelligently report intermediate values of the assert expression so you can avoid the many names `of JUnit legacy methods <http://docs.python.org/library/unittest.html#test-cases>`_.
 
-.. _`JUnit legacy methods`: http://docs.python.org/library/unittest.html#test-cases
-
-.. _`assert statement`: http://docs.python.org/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-assert-statement
-
-Running multiple tests
+Run multiple tests
 ----------------------------------------------------------
 
-``pytest`` will run all files in the current directory and its subdirectories of the form test_*.py or \*_test.py. More generally, it follows :ref:`standard test discovery rules <test discovery>`.
+``pytest`` will run all files of the form test_*.py or \*_test.py in the current directory and its subdirectories. More generally, it follows :ref:`standard test discovery rules <test discovery>`.
 
 
-Asserting that a certain exception is raised
+Assert that a certain exception is raised
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
-If you want to assert that some code raises an exception you can
-use the ``raises`` helper::
+Use the ``raises`` helper to assert that some code raises an exception::
 
     # content of test_sysexit.py
     import pytest
@@ -96,18 +90,16 @@ use the ``raises`` helper::
         with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
             f()
 
-Running it with, this time in "quiet" reporting mode::
+Execute the test function with “quiet” reporting mode::
 
     $ pytest -q test_sysexit.py
     .                                                                    [100%]
     1 passed in 0.12 seconds
 
-Grouping multiple tests in a class
+Group multiple tests in a class
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Once you start to have more than a few tests it often makes sense
-to group tests logically, in classes and modules.  Let's write a class
-containing two tests::
+Once you develop multiple tests, you may want to group them into a class. pytest makes it easy to create a class containing more than one test::
 
     # content of test_class.py
     class TestClass(object):
@@ -119,9 +111,7 @@ containing two tests::
             x = "hello"
             assert hasattr(x, 'check')
 
-The two tests are found because of the standard :ref:`test discovery`.
-There is no need to subclass anything.  We can simply
-run the module by passing its filename::
+``pytest`` discovers all tests following its :ref:`Conventions for Python test discovery <test discovery>`, so it finds both ``test_`` prefixed functions. There is no need to subclass anything. We can simply run the module by passing its filename::
 
     $ pytest -q test_class.py
     .F                                                                   [100%]
@@ -139,26 +129,19 @@ run the module by passing its filename::
     test_class.py:8: AssertionError
     1 failed, 1 passed in 0.12 seconds
 
-The first test passed, the second failed. Again we can easily see
-the intermediate values used in the assertion, helping us to
-understand the reason for the failure.
+The first test passed and the second failed. You can easily see the intermediate values in the assertion to help you understand the reason for the failure.
 
-Going functional: requesting a unique temporary directory
+Request a unique temporary directory for functional tests
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
-For functional tests one often needs to create some files
-and pass them to application objects.  pytest provides
-:ref:`builtinfixtures` which allow to request arbitrary
-resources, for example a unique temporary directory::
+``pytest`` provides `Builtin fixtures/function arguments <https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/builtin.html#builtinfixtures>`_ to request arbitrary resources, like a unique temporary directory::
 
     # content of test_tmpdir.py
     def test_needsfiles(tmpdir):
         print (tmpdir)
         assert 0
 
-We list the name ``tmpdir`` in the test function signature and
-``pytest`` will lookup and call a fixture factory to create the resource
-before performing the test function call.  Let's just run it::
+List the name ``tmpdir`` in the test function signature and ``pytest`` will lookup and call a fixture factory to create the resource before performing the test function call. Before the test runs, ``pytest`` creates a unique-per-test-invocation temporary directory::
 
     $ pytest -q test_tmpdir.py
     F                                                                    [100%]
@@ -177,22 +160,24 @@ before performing the test function call.  Let's just run it::
     PYTEST_TMPDIR/test_needsfiles0
     1 failed in 0.12 seconds
 
-Before the test runs, a unique-per-test-invocation temporary directory
-was created.  More info at :ref:`tmpdir handling`.
+More info on tmpdir handling is available at :ref:`Temporary directories and files <tmpdir handling>`.
 
-You can find out what kind of builtin :ref:`fixtures` exist by typing::
+Find out what kind of builtin :ref:`pytest fixtures <fixtures>` exist with the command::
 
     pytest --fixtures   # shows builtin and custom fixtures
 
-Where to go next
+Note that this command omits fixtures with leading ``_`` unless the ``-v`` option is added.
+
+Continue reading
 -------------------------------------
 
-Here are a few suggestions where to go next:
+Check out additional pytest resources to help you customize tests for your unique workflow:
 
-* :ref:`cmdline` for command line invocation examples
-* :ref:`good practices <goodpractices>` for virtualenv, test layout
-* :ref:`existingtestsuite` for working with pre-existing tests
-* :ref:`fixtures` for providing a functional baseline to your tests
-* :ref:`plugins` managing and writing plugins
+* ":ref:`cmdline`" for command line invocation examples
+* ":ref:`existingtestsuite`" for working with pre-existing tests
+* ":ref:`mark`" for information on the ``pytest.mark`` mechanism
+* ":ref:`fixtures`" for providing a functional baseline to your tests
+* ":ref:`plugins`" for managing and writing plugins
+* ":ref:`goodpractices`" for virtualenv and test layouts
 
 .. include:: links.inc

doc/en/goodpractices.rst

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ Note that this layout also works in conjunction with the ``src`` layout mentione
 
 .. note::
 
-    If ``pytest`` finds a "a/b/test_module.py" test file while
+    If ``pytest`` finds an "a/b/test_module.py" test file while
     recursing into the filesystem it determines the import name
     as follows:
 
@@ -168,9 +168,9 @@ Note that this layout also works in conjunction with the ``src`` layout mentione
     to avoid surprises such as a test module getting imported twice.
 
 
-.. _`virtualenv`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenv
+.. _`virtualenv`: https://pypi.org/project/virtualenv/
 .. _`buildout`: http://www.buildout.org/
-.. _pip: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip
+.. _pip: https://pypi.org/project/pip/
 
 .. _`use tox`:
 
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ Integrating with setuptools / ``python setup.py test`` / ``pytest-runner``
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 You can integrate test runs into your setuptools based project
-with the `pytest-runner <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-runner>`_ plugin.
+with the `pytest-runner <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-runner/>`_ plugin.
 
 Add this to ``setup.py`` file:
 

doc/en/links.inc

@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@
 .. _`reStructured Text`: http://docutils.sourceforge.net
 .. _`Python debugger`: http://docs.python.org/lib/module-pdb.html
 .. _nose: https://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
-.. _pytest: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest
+.. _pytest: https://pypi.org/project/pytest/
 .. _mercurial: http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/
-.. _`setuptools`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools
+.. _`setuptools`: https://pypi.org/project/setuptools/
 .. _`easy_install`:
 .. _`distribute docs`:
-.. _`distribute`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute
-.. _`pip`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip
-.. _`virtualenv`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenv
+.. _`distribute`: https://pypi.org/project/distribute/
+.. _`pip`: https://pypi.org/project/pip/
+.. _`virtualenv`: https://pypi.org/project/virtualenv/
 .. _hudson: http://hudson-ci.org/
 .. _jenkins: http://jenkins-ci.org/
 .. _tox: http://testrun.org/tox

doc/en/logging.rst

@@ -3,24 +3,11 @@
 Logging
 -------
 
-.. versionadded 3.3.0
+.. versionadded:: 3.3
+.. versionchanged:: 3.4
 
-.. note::
-
-   This feature is a drop-in replacement for the `pytest-catchlog
-   <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-catchlog/>`_ plugin and they will conflict
-   with each other. The backward compatibility API with ``pytest-capturelog``
-   has been dropped when this feature was introduced, so if for that reason you
-   still need ``pytest-catchlog`` you can disable the internal feature by
-   adding to your ``pytest.ini``:
-
-   .. code-block:: ini
-
-       [pytest]
-           addopts=-p no:logging
-
-Log messages are captured by default and for each failed test will be shown in
-the same manner as captured stdout and stderr.
+pytest captures log messages of level ``WARNING`` or above automatically and displays them in their own section
+for each failed test in the same manner as captured stdout and stderr.
 
 Running without options::
 
@@ -29,7 +16,7 @@ Running without options::
 Shows failed tests like so::
 
     ----------------------- Captured stdlog call ----------------------
-    test_reporting.py    26 INFO     text going to logger
+    test_reporting.py    26 WARNING  text going to logger
     ----------------------- Captured stdout call ----------------------
     text going to stdout
     ----------------------- Captured stderr call ----------------------
@@ -37,11 +24,10 @@ Shows failed tests like so::
     ==================== 2 failed in 0.02 seconds =====================
 
 By default each captured log message shows the module, line number, log level
-and message.  Showing the exact module and line number is useful for testing and
-debugging.  If desired the log format and date format can be specified to
-anything that the logging module supports.
+and message.
 
-Running pytest specifying formatting options::
+If desired the log and date format can be specified to
+anything that the logging module supports by passing specific formatting options::
 
     pytest --log-format="%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s" \
             --log-date-format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
@@ -49,14 +35,14 @@ Running pytest specifying formatting options::
 Shows failed tests like so::
 
     ----------------------- Captured stdlog call ----------------------
-    2010-04-10 14:48:44 INFO text going to logger
+    2010-04-10 14:48:44 WARNING text going to logger
     ----------------------- Captured stdout call ----------------------
     text going to stdout
     ----------------------- Captured stderr call ----------------------
     text going to stderr
     ==================== 2 failed in 0.02 seconds =====================
 
-These options can also be customized through a configuration file:
+These options can also be customized through ``pytest.ini`` file:
 
 .. code-block:: ini
 
@@ -64,26 +50,14 @@ These options can also be customized through a configuration file:
     log_format = %(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s
     log_date_format = %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
 
-Further it is possible to disable reporting logs on failed tests completely
-with::
+Further it is possible to disable reporting of captured content (stdout,
+stderr and logs) on failed tests completely with::
 
-    pytest --no-print-logs
-
-Or in you ``pytest.ini``:
-
-.. code-block:: ini
-
-  [pytest]
-  log_print = False
+    pytest --show-capture=no
 
 
-Shows failed tests in the normal manner as no logs were captured::
-
-    ----------------------- Captured stdout call ----------------------
-    text going to stdout
-    ----------------------- Captured stderr call ----------------------
-    text going to stderr
-    ==================== 2 failed in 0.02 seconds =====================
+caplog fixture
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 Inside tests it is possible to change the log level for the captured log
 messages.  This is supported by the ``caplog`` fixture::
@@ -92,7 +66,7 @@ messages.  This is supported by the ``caplog`` fixture::
         caplog.set_level(logging.INFO)
         pass
 
-By default the level is set on the handler used to catch the log messages,
+By default the level is set on the root logger,
 however as a convenience it is also possible to set the log level of any
 logger::
 
@@ -100,14 +74,16 @@ logger::
         caplog.set_level(logging.CRITICAL, logger='root.baz')
         pass
 
+The log levels set are restored automatically at the end of the test.
+
 It is also possible to use a context manager to temporarily change the log
-level::
+level inside a ``with`` block::
 
     def test_bar(caplog):
         with caplog.at_level(logging.INFO):
             pass
 
-Again, by default the level of the handler is affected but the level of any
+Again, by default the level of the root logger is affected but the level of any
 logger can be changed instead with::
 
     def test_bar(caplog):
@@ -115,7 +91,7 @@ logger can be changed instead with::
             pass
 
 Lastly all the logs sent to the logger during the test run are made available on
-the fixture in the form of both the LogRecord instances and the final log text.
+the fixture in the form of both the ``logging.LogRecord`` instances and the final log text.
 This is useful for when you want to assert on the contents of a message::
 
     def test_baz(caplog):
@@ -146,12 +122,39 @@ You can call ``caplog.clear()`` to reset the captured log records in a test::
         your_test_method()
         assert ['Foo'] == [rec.message for rec in caplog.records]
 
+
+The ``caplog.records`` attribute contains records from the current stage only, so
+inside the ``setup`` phase it contains only setup logs, same with the ``call`` and
+``teardown`` phases.
+
+To access logs from other stages, use the ``caplog.get_records(when)`` method. As an example,
+if you want to make sure that tests which use a certain fixture never log any warnings, you can inspect
+the records for the ``setup`` and ``call`` stages during teardown like so:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def window(caplog):
+        window = create_window()
+        yield window
+        for when in ('setup', 'call'):
+            messages = [x.message for x in caplog.get_records(when) if x.level == logging.WARNING]
+            if messages:
+                pytest.fail('warning messages encountered during testing: {}'.format(messages))
+
+
+
+The full API is available at :class:`_pytest.logging.LogCaptureFixture`.
+
+
+.. _live_logs:
+
 Live Logs
 ^^^^^^^^^
 
-By default, pytest will output any logging records with a level higher or
-equal to WARNING. In order to actually see these logs in the console you have to
-disable pytest output capture by passing ``-s``.
+By setting the :confval:`log_cli` configuration option to ``true``, pytest will output
+logging records as they are emitted directly into the console.
 
 You can specify the logging level for which log records with equal or higher
 level are printed to the console by passing ``--log-cli-level``. This setting
@@ -190,3 +193,49 @@ option names are:
 * ``log_file_level``
 * ``log_file_format``
 * ``log_file_date_format``
+
+.. _log_release_notes:
+
+Release notes
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+This feature was introduced as a drop-in replacement for the `pytest-catchlog
+<https://pypi.org/project/pytest-catchlog/>`_ plugin and they conflict
+with each other. The backward compatibility API with ``pytest-capturelog``
+has been dropped when this feature was introduced, so if for that reason you
+still need ``pytest-catchlog`` you can disable the internal feature by
+adding to your ``pytest.ini``:
+
+.. code-block:: ini
+
+   [pytest]
+       addopts=-p no:logging
+
+
+.. _log_changes_3_4:
+
+Incompatible changes in pytest 3.4
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+This feature was introduced in ``3.3`` and some **incompatible changes** have been
+made in ``3.4`` after community feedback:
+
+* Log levels are no longer changed unless explicitly requested by the :confval:`log_level` configuration
+  or ``--log-level`` command-line options. This allows users to configure logger objects themselves.
+* :ref:`Live Logs <live_logs>` is now disabled by default and can be enabled setting the
+  :confval:`log_cli` configuration option to ``true``. When enabled, the verbosity is increased so logging for each
+  test is visible.
+* :ref:`Live Logs <live_logs>` are now sent to ``sys.stdout`` and no longer require the ``-s`` command-line option
+  to work.
+
+If you want to partially restore the logging behavior of version ``3.3``, you can add this options to your ``ini``
+file:
+
+.. code-block:: ini
+
+    [pytest]
+    log_cli=true
+    log_level=NOTSET
+
+More details about the discussion that lead to this changes can be read in
+issue `#3013 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3013>`_.

doc/en/mark.rst

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 Marking test functions with attributes
 =================================================================
 
-.. currentmodule:: _pytest.mark
 
 By using the ``pytest.mark`` helper you can easily set
 metadata on your test functions. There are
@@ -27,15 +26,114 @@ which also serve as documentation.
     :ref:`fixtures <fixtures>`.
 
 
-API reference for mark related objects
-------------------------------------------------
-
-.. autoclass:: MarkGenerator
+.. currentmodule:: _pytest.mark.structures
+.. autoclass:: Mark
     :members:
+    :noindex:
 
-.. autoclass:: MarkDecorator
-    :members:
 
-.. autoclass:: MarkInfo
-    :members:
+.. `marker-iteration`
+
+Marker revamp and iteration
+---------------------------
+
+.. versionadded:: 3.6
+
+pytest's marker implementation traditionally worked by simply updating the ``__dict__`` attribute of functions to add markers, in a cumulative manner. As a result of the this, markers would unintendely be passed along class hierarchies in surprising ways plus the API for retriving them was inconsistent, as markers from parameterization would be stored differently than markers applied using the ``@pytest.mark`` decorator and markers added via ``node.add_marker``.
+
+This state of things made it technically next to impossible to use data from markers correctly without having a deep understanding of the internals, leading to subtle and hard to understand bugs in more advanced usages.
+
+Depending on how a marker got declared/changed one would get either a ``MarkerInfo`` which might contain markers from sibling classes,
+``MarkDecorators`` when marks came from parameterization or from a ``node.add_marker`` call, discarding prior marks. Also ``MarkerInfo`` acts like a single mark, when it in fact repressents a merged view on multiple marks with the same name.
+
+On top of that markers where not accessible the same way for modules, classes, and functions/methods,
+in fact, markers where only accessible in functions, even if they where declared on classes/modules.
+
+A new API to access markers has been introduced in pytest 3.6 in order to solve the problems with the initial design, providing :func:`_pytest.nodes.Node.iter_markers` method to iterate over markers in a consistent manner and reworking the internals, which solved great deal of problems with the initial design.
+
+
+.. _update marker code:
+
+Updating code
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The old ``Node.get_marker(name)`` function is considered deprecated because it returns an internal ``MarkerInfo`` object
+which contains the merged name, ``*args`` and ``**kwargs**`` of all the markers which apply to that node.
+
+In general there are two scenarios on how markers should be handled:
+
+1. Marks overwrite each other. Order matters but you only want to think of your mark as a single item. E.g.
+``log_level('info')`` at a module level can be overwritten by ``log_level('debug')`` for a specific test.
+
+    In this case replace use ``Node.get_closest_marker(name)``:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        # replace this:
+        marker = item.get_marker('log_level')
+        if marker:
+            level = marker.args[0]
+
+        # by this:
+        marker = item.get_closest_marker('log_level')
+        if marker:
+            level = marker.args[0]
+
+2. Marks compose additive. E.g. ``skipif(condition)`` marks means you just want to evaluate all of them,
+order doesn't even matter. You probably want to think of your marks as a set here.
+
+   In this case iterate over each mark and handle their ``*args`` and ``**kwargs`` individually.
+
+   .. code-block:: python
+
+        # replace this
+        skipif = item.get_marker('skipif')
+        if skipif:
+            for condition in skipif.args:
+                # eval condition
+
+        # by this:
+        for skipif in item.iter_markers('skipif'):
+            condition = skipif.args[0]
+            # eval condition
+
+
+If you are unsure or have any questions, please consider opening
+`an issue <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues>`_.
+
+Related issues
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Here is a non-exhaustive list of issues fixed by the new implementation:
+
+* Marks don't pick up nested classes (`#199 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/199>`_).
+
+* markers stains on all related classes (`#568 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/568>`_).
+
+* combining marks - args and kwargs calculation (`#2897 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2897>`_).
+
+* ``request.node.get_marker('name')`` returns ``None`` for markers applied in classes (`#902 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/902>`_).
+
+* marks applied in parametrize are stored as markdecorator (`#2400 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2400>`_).
+
+* fix marker interaction in a backward incompatible way (`#1670 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1670>`_).
+
+* Refactor marks to get rid of the current "marks transfer" mechanism (`#2363 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2363>`_).
+
+* Introduce FunctionDefinition node, use it in generate_tests (`#2522 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2522>`_).
+
+* remove named marker attributes and collect markers in items (`#891 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/891>`_).
+
+* skipif mark from parametrize hides module level skipif mark (`#1540 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1540>`_).
+
+* skipif + parametrize not skipping tests (`#1296 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1296>`_).
+
+* marker transfer incompatible with inheritance (`#535 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/535>`_).
+
+More details can be found in the `original PR <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/pull/3317>`_.
+
+.. note::
+
+	in a future major relase of pytest we will introduce class based markers,
+	at which points markers will no longer be limited to instances of :py:class:`Mark`
 

doc/en/monkeypatch.rst

@@ -61,15 +61,27 @@ so that any attempts within tests to create http requests will fail.
     ``compile``, etc., because it might break pytest's internals. If that's
     unavoidable, passing ``--tb=native``, ``--assert=plain`` and ``--capture=no`` might 
     help although there's no guarantee.
+
+.. note::
+
+    Mind that patching ``stdlib`` functions and some third-party libraries used by pytest
+    might break pytest itself, therefore in those cases it is recommended to use
+    :meth:`MonkeyPatch.context` to limit the patching to the block you want tested:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        import functools
+        def test_partial(monkeypatch):
+            with monkeypatch.context() as m:
+                m.setattr(functools, "partial", 3)
+                assert functools.partial == 3
+
+    See issue `#3290 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3290>`_ for details.
     
 
-Method reference of the monkeypatch fixture
--------------------------------------------
+.. currentmodule:: _pytest.monkeypatch
 
-.. autoclass:: MonkeyPatch
-    :members:
-
-``monkeypatch.setattr/delattr/delitem/delenv()`` all
-by default raise an Exception if the target does not exist.
-Pass ``raising=False`` if you want to skip this check.
+API Reference
+-------------
 
+Consult the docs for the :class:`MonkeyPatch` class.

doc/en/parametrize.rst

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ pytest enables test parametrization at several levels:
 .. versionchanged:: 2.4
     Several improvements.
 
-The builtin ``pytest.mark.parametrize`` decorator enables
+The builtin :ref:`pytest.mark.parametrize ref` decorator enables
 parametrization of arguments for a test function.  Here is a typical example
 of a test function that implements checking that a certain input leads
 to an expected output::
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ To get all combinations of multiple parametrized arguments you can stack
     def test_foo(x, y):
         pass
 
-This will run the test with the arguments set to ``x=0/y=2``,``x=1/y=2``, 
+This will run the test with the arguments set to ``x=0/y=2``, ``x=1/y=2``, 
 ``x=0/y=3``, and ``x=1/y=3`` exhausting parameters in the order of the decorators.
 
 .. _`pytest_generate_tests`:
@@ -206,12 +206,3 @@ More examples
 
 For further examples, you might want to look at :ref:`more
 parametrization examples <paramexamples>`.
-
-.. _`metafunc object`:
-
-The **metafunc** object
--------------------------------------------
-
-.. currentmodule:: _pytest.python
-.. autoclass:: Metafunc
-    :members:

doc/en/plugins.rst

@@ -20,39 +20,39 @@ Here is a little annotated list for some popular plugins:
 
 .. _`django`: https://www.djangoproject.com/
 
-* `pytest-django <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-django>`_: write tests
+* `pytest-django <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-django/>`_: write tests
   for `django`_ apps, using pytest integration.
 
-* `pytest-twisted <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-twisted>`_: write tests
+* `pytest-twisted <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-twisted/>`_: write tests
   for `twisted <http://twistedmatrix.com>`_ apps, starting a reactor and
   processing deferreds from test functions.
 
-* `pytest-cov <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-cov>`_:
+* `pytest-cov <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-cov/>`_:
   coverage reporting, compatible with distributed testing
 
-* `pytest-xdist <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-xdist>`_:
+* `pytest-xdist <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-xdist/>`_:
   to distribute tests to CPUs and remote hosts, to run in boxed
   mode which allows to survive segmentation faults, to run in
   looponfailing mode, automatically re-running failing tests
   on file changes.
 
-* `pytest-instafail <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-instafail>`_:
+* `pytest-instafail <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-instafail/>`_:
   to report failures while the test run is happening.
 
-* `pytest-bdd <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-bdd>`_ and
-  `pytest-konira <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-konira>`_
+* `pytest-bdd <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-bdd/>`_ and
+  `pytest-konira <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-konira/>`_
   to write tests using behaviour-driven testing.
 
-* `pytest-timeout <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-timeout>`_:
+* `pytest-timeout <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-timeout/>`_:
   to timeout tests based on function marks or global definitions.
 
-* `pytest-pep8 <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-pep8>`_:
+* `pytest-pep8 <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-pep8/>`_:
   a ``--pep8`` option to enable PEP8 compliance checking.
 
-* `pytest-flakes <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-flakes>`_:
+* `pytest-flakes <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-flakes/>`_:
   check source code with pyflakes.
 
-* `oejskit <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/oejskit>`_:
+* `oejskit <https://pypi.org/project/oejskit/>`_:
   a plugin to run javascript unittests in live browsers.
 
 To see a complete list of all plugins with their latest testing
@@ -61,10 +61,11 @@ status against different pytest and Python versions, please visit
 
 You may also discover more plugins through a `pytest- pypi.python.org search`_.
 
-.. _`available installable plugins`:
-.. _`pytest- pypi.python.org search`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi?%3Aaction=search&term=pytest-&submit=search
+.. _`pytest- pypi.python.org search`: https://pypi.org/search/?q=pytest-
 
 
+.. _`available installable plugins`:
+
 Requiring/Loading plugins in a test module or conftest file
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -79,6 +80,12 @@ will be loaded as well.
 
 which will import the specified module as a ``pytest`` plugin.
 
+.. note::
+    Requiring plugins using a ``pytest_plugins`` variable in non-root
+    ``conftest.py`` files is deprecated. See
+    :ref:`full explanation <requiring plugins in non-root conftests>`
+    in the Writing plugins section.
+
 .. _`findpluginname`:
 
 Finding out which plugins are active
@@ -120,35 +127,3 @@ CI server), you can set ``PYTEST_ADDOPTS`` environment variable to
 See :ref:`findpluginname` for how to obtain the name of a plugin.
 
 .. _`builtin plugins`:
-
-Pytest default plugin reference
--------------------------------
-
-
-You can find the source code for the following plugins
-in the `pytest repository <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest>`_.
-
-.. autosummary::
-
-    _pytest.assertion
-    _pytest.cacheprovider
-    _pytest.capture
-    _pytest.config
-    _pytest.doctest
-    _pytest.helpconfig
-    _pytest.junitxml
-    _pytest.mark
-    _pytest.monkeypatch
-    _pytest.nose
-    _pytest.pastebin
-    _pytest.debugging
-    _pytest.pytester
-    _pytest.python
-    _pytest.recwarn
-    _pytest.resultlog
-    _pytest.runner
-    _pytest.main
-    _pytest.skipping
-    _pytest.terminal
-    _pytest.tmpdir
-    _pytest.unittest

doc/en/projects.rst

@@ -32,40 +32,40 @@ Here are some examples of projects using ``pytest`` (please send notes via :ref:
 * `PyPM <http://code.activestate.com/pypm/>`_ ActiveState's package manager
 * `Fom <http://packages.python.org/Fom/>`_ a fluid object mapper for FluidDB
 * `applib <https://github.com/ActiveState/applib>`_ cross-platform utilities
-* `six <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/six/>`_ Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities
+* `six <https://pypi.org/project/six/>`_ Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities
 * `pediapress <http://code.pediapress.com/wiki/wiki>`_ MediaWiki articles
-* `mwlib <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/mwlib>`_ mediawiki parser and utility library
+* `mwlib <https://pypi.org/project/mwlib/>`_ mediawiki parser and utility library
 * `The Translate Toolkit <http://translate.sourceforge.net/wiki/toolkit/index>`_ for localization and conversion
 * `execnet <http://codespeak.net/execnet>`_ rapid multi-Python deployment
-* `pylib <http://py.rtfd.org>`_ cross-platform path, IO, dynamic code library
+* `pylib <https://py.readthedocs.io>`_ cross-platform path, IO, dynamic code library
 * `Pacha <http://pacha.cafepais.com/>`_ configuration management in five minutes
-* `bbfreeze <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/bbfreeze>`_ create standalone executables from Python scripts
+* `bbfreeze <https://pypi.org/project/bbfreeze/>`_ create standalone executables from Python scripts
 * `pdb++ <http://bitbucket.org/antocuni/pdb>`_ a fancier version of PDB
 * `py-s3fuse <http://code.google.com/p/py-s3fuse/>`_ Amazon S3 FUSE based filesystem
 * `waskr <http://code.google.com/p/waskr/>`_ WSGI Stats Middleware
 * `guachi <http://code.google.com/p/guachi/>`_ global persistent configs for Python modules
-* `Circuits <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/circuits>`_ lightweight Event Driven Framework
+* `Circuits <https://pypi.org/project/circuits/>`_ lightweight Event Driven Framework
 * `pygtk-helpers <http://bitbucket.org/aafshar/pygtkhelpers-main/>`_ easy interaction with PyGTK
 * `QuantumCore <http://quantumcore.org/>`_ statusmessage and repoze openid plugin
 * `pydataportability <http://pydataportability.net/>`_ libraries for managing the open web
 * `XIST <http://www.livinglogic.de/Python/xist/>`_ extensible HTML/XML generator
-* `tiddlyweb <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/tiddlyweb>`_ optionally headless, extensible RESTful datastore
+* `tiddlyweb <https://pypi.org/project/tiddlyweb/>`_ optionally headless, extensible RESTful datastore
 * `fancycompleter <http://bitbucket.org/antocuni/fancycompleter/src>`_ for colorful tab-completion
 * `Paludis <http://paludis.exherbo.org/>`_ tools for Gentoo Paludis package manager
 * `Gerald <http://halfcooked.com/code/gerald/>`_ schema comparison tool
 * `abjad <http://code.google.com/p/abjad/>`_ Python API for Formalized Score control
 * `bu <http://packages.python.org/bu/>`_ a microscopic build system
 * `katcp <https://bitbucket.org/hodgestar/katcp>`_ Telescope communication protocol over Twisted
-* `kss plugin timer <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/kss.plugin.timer>`_
+* `kss plugin timer <https://pypi.org/project/kss.plugin.timer/>`_
 * `pyudev <https://pyudev.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tests/plugins.html>`_ a pure Python binding to the Linux library libudev
 * `pytest-localserver <https://bitbucket.org/pytest-dev/pytest-localserver/>`_ a plugin for pytest that provides an httpserver and smtpserver
-* `pytest-monkeyplus <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-monkeyplus/>`_ a plugin that extends monkeypatch
+* `pytest-monkeyplus <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-monkeyplus/>`_ a plugin that extends monkeypatch
 
 These projects help integrate ``pytest`` into other Python frameworks:
 
-* `pytest-django <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-django/>`_ for Django
+* `pytest-django <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-django/>`_ for Django
 * `zope.pytest <http://packages.python.org/zope.pytest/>`_ for Zope and Grok
-* `pytest_gae <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest_gae/0.2.1>`_ for Google App Engine
+* `pytest_gae <https://pypi.org/project/pytest_gae/0.2.1/>`_ for Google App Engine
 * There is `some work <https://github.com/Kotti/Kotti/blob/master/kotti/testing.py>`_ underway for Kotti, a CMS built in Pyramid/Pylons
 
 

doc/en/proposals/parametrize_with_fixtures.rst

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ all parameters marked as a fixture.
 
 .. note::
 
-    The `pytest-lazy-fixture <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-lazy-fixture>`_ plugin implements a very
+    The `pytest-lazy-fixture <https://pypi.org/project/pytest-lazy-fixture/>`_ plugin implements a very
     similar solution to the proposal below, make sure to check it out.
 
 .. code-block:: python

doc/en/requirements.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 # pinning sphinx to 1.4.* due to search issues with rtd:
 # https://github.com/rtfd/readthedocs-sphinx-ext/issues/25
 sphinx ==1.4.*
+sphinxcontrib-trio

doc/en/skipping.rst

@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@ It is also possible to skip the whole module using
 The imperative method is useful when it is not possible to evaluate the skip condition
 during import time.
 
+**Reference**: :ref:`pytest.mark.skip ref`
+
 ``skipif``
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -116,6 +118,8 @@ Alternatively, you can use :ref:`condition strings
 <string conditions>` instead of booleans, but they can't be shared between modules easily
 so they are supported mainly for backward compatibility reasons.
 
+**Reference**: :ref:`pytest.mark.skipif ref`
+
 
 Skip all test functions of a class or module
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -232,15 +236,10 @@ This will unconditionally make ``test_function`` ``XFAIL``. Note that no other c
 after ``pytest.xfail`` call, differently from the marker. That's because it is implemented
 internally by raising a known exception.
 
-Here's the signature of the ``xfail`` **marker** (not the function), using Python 3 keyword-only
-arguments syntax:
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-    def xfail(condition=None, *, reason=None, raises=None, run=True, strict=False):
-
+**Reference**: :ref:`pytest.mark.xfail ref`
 
 
+.. _`xfail strict tutorial`:
 
 ``strict`` parameter
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

doc/en/test/plugin/cov.rst

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ The `pytest-cov`_ package may be installed with pip or easy_install::
     pip install pytest-cov
     easy_install pytest-cov
 
-.. _`pytest-cov`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-cov/
+.. _`pytest-cov`: https://pypi.org/project/pytest-cov/
 
 
 Uninstallation

doc/en/test/plugin/oejskit.rst

@@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ The approach enables to write integration tests such that the JavaScript code is
 For more info and download please visit the `oejskit PyPI`_ page.
 
 .. _`oejskit`:
-.. _`oejskit PyPI`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/oejskit
+.. _`oejskit PyPI`: https://pypi.org/project/oejskit/
 
 .. source link 'http://bitbucket.org/pedronis/js-infrastructure/src/tip/pytest_jstests.py',

doc/en/test/plugin/terminal.rst

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ command line options
 ``--full-trace``
     don't cut any tracebacks (default is to cut).
 ``--fixtures``
-    show available function arguments, sorted by plugin
+    show available fixtures, sorted by plugin appearance (fixtures with leading ``_`` are only shown with '-v')
 
 Start improving this plugin in 30 seconds
 =========================================

doc/en/test/plugin/xdist.rst

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ program source code to the remote place.  All test results
 are reported back and displayed to your local test session.
 You may specify different Python versions and interpreters.
 
-.. _`pytest-xdist`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytest-xdist
+.. _`pytest-xdist`: https://pypi.org/project/pytest-xdist/
 
 Usage examples
 ---------------------

doc/en/tmpdir.rst

@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ Running this would result in a passed test except for the last
     test_tmpdir.py:7: AssertionError
     ========================= 1 failed in 0.12 seconds =========================
 
+.. _`tmpdir factory example`:
+
 The 'tmpdir_factory' fixture
 ----------------------------
 
@@ -81,12 +83,8 @@ to save time:
         img = load_image(image_file)
         # compute and test histogram
 
-``tmpdir_factory`` instances have the following methods:
+See :ref:`tmpdir_factory API <tmpdir factory api>` for details.
 
-.. currentmodule:: _pytest.tmpdir
-
-.. automethod:: TempdirFactory.mktemp
-.. automethod:: TempdirFactory.getbasetemp
 
 .. _`base temporary directory`:
 
@@ -106,6 +104,4 @@ When distributing tests on the local machine, ``pytest`` takes care to
 configure a basetemp directory for the sub processes such that all temporary
 data lands below a single per-test run basetemp directory.
 
-.. _`py.path.local`: http://py.rtfd.org/en/latest/path.html
-
-
+.. _`py.path.local`: https://py.readthedocs.io/en/latest/path.html