diff --git a/packages/inula-novdom/tests/no-vdom.test.js b/packages/inula-novdom/tests/no-vdom.test.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 54de71ff..00000000
--- a/packages/inula-novdom/tests/no-vdom.test.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,586 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2024 Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd.
- *
- * openInula is licensed under Mulan PSL v2.
- * You can use this software according to the terms and conditions of the Mulan PSL v2.
- * You may obtain a copy of Mulan PSL v2 at:
- *
- *          http://license.coscl.org.cn/MulanPSL2
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND,
- * EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO NON-INFRINGEMENT,
- * MERCHANTABILITY OR FIT FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
- * See the Mulan PSL v2 for more details.
- */
-
-import { computed, reactive, watch } from 'inula-reactive';
-import { template as _$template, insert as _$insert, setAttribute as _$setAttribute } from '../src/dom';
-import { createComponent as _$createComponent, render } from '../src/core';
-import { delegateEvents as _$delegateEvents, addEventListener as _$addEventListener } from '../src/event';
-
-import { Show } from '../src/components/Show';
-import { For } from '../src/components/For';
-
-describe('test no-vdom', () => {
-  it('简单的使用signal', () => {
-    /**
-     * 源码：
-     * const CountingComponent = () => {
-     *  const [count, setCount] = useSignal(0);
-     *
-     *  return <div id="count">Count value is {count()}.</div>;
-     * };
-     *
-     * render(() => <CountingComponent />, container);
-     */
-
-    let g_count;
-
-    // 编译后：
-    const _tmpl$ = /*#__PURE__*/ _$template(`<div id="count">Count value is <!>.`);
-    const CountingComponent = () => {
-      const count = reactive(0);
-      g_count = count;
-      let View
-
-      watch: if (count > 0) {
-      View.$viewValue = createView(() => {})
-      }
-
-      View = createView((() => {
-        const _el$ = tmp.cloneNode(true),
-          _el$2 = _el$.firstChild,
-          _el$4 = _el$2.nextSibling,
-          _el$3 = _el$4.nextSibling;
-          _$insert(_el$, count, _el$4);
-          return _el$;
-      })());
-
-      return View
-    };
-    function createView(el) {
-      Object.defineProperty(el, '$viewValue', {
-        set: value => {
-          el.replaceWith(value);
-        }
-      })
-    }
-
-    render(() => _$createComponent(CountingComponent, {}), container);
-
-    expect(container.querySelector('#count').innerHTML).toEqual('Count value is 0<!---->.');
-
-    g_count.set(c => c + 1);
-
-    expect(container.querySelector('#count').innerHTML).toEqual('Count value is 1<!---->.');
-  });
-
-  it('return数组，click事件', () => {
-    /**
-     * 源码：
-     * const CountingComponent = () => {
-     *  const [count, setCount] = createSignal(0);
-     *  const add = () => {
-     *    setCount((c) => c + 1);
-     *  }
-     *  return <>
-     *    <div id="count">Count value is {count()}.</div>
-     *    <div><button onClick={add}>add</button></div>
-     *  </>;
-     * };
-     */
-
-    // 编译后：
-    const _tmpl$ = /*#__PURE__*/ _$template(`<div id="count">Count value is <!>.`),
-      _tmpl$2 = /*#__PURE__*/ _$template(`<div><button id="btn">add`);
-    const CountingComponent = () => {
-      const count = reactive(0);
-      const add = () => {
-        count.set(c => c + 1);
-      };
-      return [
-        (() => {
-          const _el$ = _tmpl$(),
-            _el$2 = _el$.firstChild,
-            _el$4 = _el$2.nextSibling,
-            _el$3 = _el$4.nextSibling;
-          _$insert(_el$, count, _el$4);
-          return _el$;
-        })(),
-        (() => {
-          const _el$5 = _tmpl$2(),
-            _el$6 = _el$5.firstChild;
-          _el$6.$$click = add;
-          return _el$5;
-        })(),
-      ];
-    };
-    render(() => _$createComponent(CountingComponent, {}), container);
-
-    _$delegateEvents(['click']);
-
-    container.querySelector('#btn').click();
-
-    expect(container.querySelector('#count').innerHTML).toEqual('Count value is 1<!---->.');
-  });
-
-  it('return 自定义组件', () => {
-    /**
-     * 源码：
-     * const CountValue = (props) => {
-     *   return <div>Count value is {props.count} .</div>;
-     * }
-     *
-     * const CountingComponent = () => {
-     *  const [count, setCount] = createSignal(0);
-     *  const add = () => {
-     *       setCount((c) => c + 1);
-     *     }
-     *
-     *  return <div>
-     *      <CountValue count={count} />
-     *    <div><button onClick={add}>add</button></div>
-     *    </div>;
-     * };
-     *
-     * render(() => <CountingComponent />, document.getElementById("app"));
-     */
-
-    // 编译后：
-    const _tmpl$ = /*#__PURE__*/ _$template(`<div id="count">Count value is <!>.`),
-      _tmpl$2 = /*#__PURE__*/ _$template(`<div><div><button id="btn">add`);
-    const CountValue = props => {
-      return (() => {
-        const _el$ = _tmpl$(),
-          _el$2 = _el$.firstChild,
-          _el$4 = _el$2.nextSibling,
-          _el$3 = _el$4.nextSibling;
-        _$insert(_el$, () => props.count, _el$4);
-        return _el$;
-      })();
-    };
-    const CountingComponent = () => {
-      const count = reactive(0);
-      const add = () => {
-        count.set(c => c + 1);
-      };
-      return (() => {
-        const _el$5 = _tmpl$2(),
-          _el$6 = _el$5.firstChild,
-          _el$7 = _el$6.firstChild;
-        _$insert(
-          _el$5,
-          _$createComponent(CountValue, {
-            count: count,
-          }),
-          _el$6
-        );
-        _el$7.$$click = add;
-        return _el$5;
-      })();
-    };
-    render(() => _$createComponent(CountingComponent, {}), container);
-    _$delegateEvents(['click']);
-
-    container.querySelector('#btn').click();
-
-    expect(container.querySelector('#count').innerHTML).toEqual('Count value is 1<!---->.');
-  });
-
-  it('使用Show组件', () => {
-    /**
-     * 源码：
-     * const CountValue = (props) => {
-     *   return <div id="count">Count value is {props.count()}.</div>;
-     * }
-     *
-     * const CountingComponent = () => {
-     *  const [count, setCount] = createSignal(0);
-     *  const add = () => {
-     *       setCount((c) => c + 1);
-     *     }
-     *
-     *  return <div>
-     *    <Show when={count() > 0} fallback={<CountValue count={999} />}>
-     *      <CountValue count={count} />
-     *    </Show>
-     *    <div><button id="btn" onClick={add}>add</button></div>
-     *    </div>;
-     * };
-     *
-     * render(() => <CountingComponent />, document.getElementById("app"));
-     */
-
-    // 编译后：
-    const _tmpl$ = /*#__PURE__*/ _$template(`<div id="count">Count value is <!>.`),
-      _tmpl$2 = /*#__PURE__*/ _$template(`<div><div><button id="btn">add`);
-    const CountValue = props => {
-      return (() => {
-        const _el$ = _tmpl$(),
-          _el$2 = _el$.firstChild,
-          _el$4 = _el$2.nextSibling,
-          _el$3 = _el$4.nextSibling;
-        _$insert(_el$, () => props.count, _el$4);
-        return _el$;
-      })();
-    };
-    const CountingComponent = () => {
-      const count = reactive(0);
-      const add = () => {
-        count.set(c => c + 1);
-      };
-      return (() => {
-        const _el$5 = _tmpl$2(),
-          _el$6 = _el$5.firstChild,
-          _el$7 = _el$6.firstChild;
-        _$insert(
-          _el$5,
-          _$createComponent(Show, {
-            get if() {
-              return computed(() => count.get() > 0);
-            },
-            get else() {
-              return _$createComponent(CountValue, {
-                count: 999,
-              });
-            },
-            get children() {
-              return _$createComponent(CountValue, {
-                count: count,
-              });
-            },
-          }),
-          _el$6
-        );
-        _el$7.$$click = add;
-        return _el$5;
-      })();
-    };
-    render(() => _$createComponent(CountingComponent, {}), container);
-    _$delegateEvents(['click']);
-
-    expect(container.querySelector('#count').innerHTML).toEqual('Count value is 999<!---->.');
-
-    container.querySelector('#btn').click();
-
-    expect(container.querySelector('#count').innerHTML).toEqual('Count value is 1<!---->.');
-  });
-
-  it('使用For组件', () => {
-    /**
-     * 源码：
-     * const Todo = (props) => {
-     *   return <div>Count value is {props.todo.title}.</div>;
-     * }
-     *
-     * const CountingComponent = () => {
-     *  const [state, setState] = createStore({
-     *    counter: 2,
-     *    todoList: [
-     *      { id: 23, title: 'Birds' },
-     *      { id: 27, title: 'Fish' }
-     *    ]
-     *  });
-     *
-     *  const add = () => {
-     *    setState('todoList', () => {
-     *      return [
-     *        { id: 23, title: 'Birds' },
-     *        { id: 27, title: 'Fish' },
-     *        { id: 27, title: 'Cat' }
-     *      ];
-     *    });
-     *  }
-     *
-     *  const push = () => {
-     *         state.todoList.push({
-     *           id: 27,
-     *           title: 'Pig',
-     *         },);
-     *       };
-     *
-     *  return <div>
-     *    <div id="todos">
-     *      <For each={state.todoList}>
-     *        {todo => <><Todo todo={todo} /><Todo todo={todo} /></>}
-     *      </For>
-     *    </div>
-     *    <div><button id="btn" onClick={add}>add</button></div>
-     *    <div><button id="btn-push" onClick={push}>push</button></div>
-     *    </div>;
-     * };
-     *
-     * render(() => <CountingComponent />, document.getElementById("app"));
-     */
-
-    // 编译后：
-    const _tmpl$ = /*#__PURE__*/_$template(`<div>Count value is <!>.`),
-      _tmpl$2 = /*#__PURE__*/_$template(`<div><div id="todos"></div><div><button id="btn">add</button></div><div><button id="btn-push">push`);
-    const Todo = props => {
-      return (() => {
-        const _el$ = _tmpl$(),
-          _el$2 = _el$.firstChild,
-          _el$4 = _el$2.nextSibling,
-          _el$3 = _el$4.nextSibling;
-        _$insert(_el$, () => props.todo.title, _el$4);
-        return _el$;
-      })();
-    };
-    const CountingComponent = () => {
-      const state = reactive({
-        counter: 2,
-        todoList: [
-          {
-            id: 23,
-            title: 'Birds',
-          },
-          {
-            id: 27,
-            title: 'Fish',
-          },
-        ],
-      });
-      const add = () => {
-        state.todoList.set(() => {
-          return [
-            {
-              id: 23,
-              title: 'Birds',
-            },
-            {
-              id: 27,
-              title: 'Fish',
-            },
-            {
-              id: 27,
-              title: 'Cat',
-            },
-          ];
-        });
-      };
-
-      const push = () => {
-        state.todoList.push({
-          id: 27,
-          title: 'Pig',
-        },);
-      };
-      return (() => {
-        const _el$5 = _tmpl$2(),
-          _el$6 = _el$5.firstChild,
-          _el$7 = _el$6.nextSibling,
-          _el$8 = _el$7.firstChild,
-          _el$9 = _el$7.nextSibling,
-          _el$10 = _el$9.firstChild;
-        _$insert(
-          _el$6,
-          _$createComponent(For, {
-            get each() {
-              return state.todoList;
-            },
-            children: todo => [
-              _$createComponent(Todo, {
-                todo: todo,
-              }),
-              _$createComponent(Todo, {
-                todo: todo,
-              }),
-            ],
-          })
-        );
-        _el$8.$$click = add;
-        _el$10.$$click = push;
-        return _el$5;
-      })();
-    };
-    render(() => _$createComponent(CountingComponent, {}), container);
-    _$delegateEvents(['click']);
-
-    expect(container.querySelector('#todos').innerHTML).toEqual(
-      '<div>Count value is Birds<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Birds<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Fish<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Fish<!---->.</div>'
-    );
-
-    container.querySelector('#btn').click();
-
-    expect(container.querySelector('#todos').innerHTML).toEqual(
-      '<div>Count value is Birds<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Birds<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Fish<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Fish<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Cat<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Cat<!---->.</div>'
-    );
-
-    container.querySelector('#btn-push').click();
-
-    expect(container.querySelector('#todos').innerHTML).toEqual(
-      '<div>Count value is Birds<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Birds<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Fish<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Fish<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Cat<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Cat<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Pig<!---->.</div><div>Count value is Pig<!---->.</div>'
-    );
-  });
-
-  it('使用effect, setAttribute, addEventListener', () => {
-    /**
-     * 源码：
-     * const A = ['pretty', 'large', 'big', 'small', 'tall', 'short', 'long', 'handsome', 'plain', 'quaint', 'clean',
-     *   'elegant', 'easy', 'angry', 'crazy', 'helpful', 'mushy', 'odd', 'unsightly', 'adorable', 'important', 'inexpensive',
-     *   'cheap', 'expensive', 'fancy'];
-     *
-     * const random = (max: any) => Math.round(Math.random() * 1000) % max;
-     *
-     * let nextId = 1;
-     *
-     * function buildData(count: number) {
-     *   let data = new Array(count);
-     *
-     *   for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-     *     data[i] = {
-     *       id: nextId++,
-     *       label: `${A[random(A.length)]}`,
-     *     }
-     *   }
-     *   return data;
-     * }
-     *
-     * const Row = (props) => {
-     *   const selected = createMemo(() => {
-     *     return props.item.selected ? 'danger' : '';
-     *   });
-     *
-     *   return (
-     *     <tr class={selected()}>
-     *       <td class="col-md-1">{props.item.label}</td>
-     *     </tr>
-     *   )
-     * };
-     *
-     * const RowList = (props) => {
-     *   return <For each={props.list}>
-     *     {(item) => <Row item={item}/>}
-     *   </For>;
-     * };
-     *
-     * const Button = (props) => (
-     *   <div class="col-sm-6">
-     *     <button type="button" id={props.id} onClick={props.cb}>{props.title}</button>
-     *   </div>
-     * );
-     *
-     * const Main = () => {
-     *  const [state, setState] = createStore({data: [{id: 1, label: '111', selected: false}, {id: 2, label: '222', selected: false}], num: 2});
-     *
-     *  function run() {
-     *    setState('data', buildData(5));
-     *  }
-     *
-     *   return (
-     *     <div>
-     *       <div>
-     *         <div>
-     *           <div><h1>Horizon-reactive-novnode</h1></div>
-     *           <div>
-     *             <div>
-     *               <Button id="run" title="Create 1,000 rows" cb={run}/>
-     *             </div>
-     *           </div>
-     *         </div>
-     *       </div>
-     *       <table>
-     *         <tbody id="tbody"><RowList list={state.data}/></tbody>
-     *       </table>
-     *     </div>
-     *   );
-     * };
-     *
-     * render(() => <Main />, document.getElementById("app"));
-     */
-
-      // 编译后：
-    const _tmpl$ = /*#__PURE__*/_$template(`<tr><td class="col-md-1">`),
-      _tmpl$2 = /*#__PURE__*/_$template(`<div class="col-sm-6"><button type="button">`),
-      _tmpl$3 = /*#__PURE__*/_$template(`<div><div><div><div><h1>Horizon-reactive-novnode</h1></div><div><div></div></div></div></div><table><tbody id="tbody">`);
-    const A = ['pretty', 'large', 'big', 'small', 'tall', 'short', 'long', 'handsome', 'plain', 'quaint', 'clean', 'elegant', 'easy', 'angry', 'crazy', 'helpful', 'mushy', 'odd', 'unsightly', 'adorable', 'important', 'inexpensive', 'cheap', 'expensive', 'fancy'];
-    const random = max => Math.round(Math.random() * 1000) % max;
-    let nextId = 1;
-    function buildData(count) {
-      let data = new Array(count);
-      for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-        data[i] = {
-          id: nextId++,
-          label: `${A[random(A.length)]}`
-        };
-      }
-      return data;
-    }
-    const Row = props => {
-      const selected = computed(() => {
-        return props.item.selected.get() ? "danger" : "";
-      });
-
-      return (() => {
-        const _el$ = _tmpl$(),
-          _el$2 = _el$.firstChild;
-        _$insert(_el$2, () => props.item.label);
-        return _el$;
-      })();
-    };
-    const RowList = props => {
-      return _$createComponent(For, {
-        get each() {
-          return props.list;
-        },
-        children: item => _$createComponent(Row, {
-          item: item
-        })
-      });
-    };
-    const Button = props => (() => {
-      const _el$3 = _tmpl$2(),
-        _el$4 = _el$3.firstChild;
-      _$addEventListener(_el$4, "click", props.cb, true);
-      _$insert(_el$4, () => props.title);
-      watch(() => _$setAttribute(_el$4, "id", props.id));
-      return _el$3;
-    })();
-    const Main = () => {
-      const state = reactive({
-        list: [{
-          id: 1,
-          label: '111'
-        }, {
-          id: 2,
-          label: '222'
-        }],
-        num: 2
-      });
-      function run() {
-        state.list.set(buildData(5));
-      }
-      return (() => {
-        const _el$5 = _tmpl$3(),
-          _el$6 = _el$5.firstChild,
-          _el$7 = _el$6.firstChild,
-          _el$8 = _el$7.firstChild,
-          _el$9 = _el$8.nextSibling,
-          _el$10 = _el$9.firstChild,
-          _el$11 = _el$6.nextSibling,
-          _el$12 = _el$11.firstChild;
-        _$insert(_el$10, _$createComponent(Button, {
-          id: "run",
-          title: "Create 1,000 rows",
-          cb: run
-        }));
-        _$insert(_el$12, _$createComponent(RowList, {
-          get list() {
-            return state.list;
-          }
-        }));
-        return _el$5;
-      })();
-    };
-    render(() => _$createComponent(Main, {}), container);
-    _$delegateEvents(["click"]);
-
-    expect(container.querySelector('#tbody').innerHTML).toEqual(
-      '<tr><td class="col-md-1">111</td></tr><tr><td class="col-md-1">222</td></tr>'
-    );
-
-    container.querySelector('#run').click();
-
-    expect(container.querySelector('#tbody').children.length).toEqual(5);
-  });
-});