diff --git a/packages/inula-novdom/src/dom.ts b/packages/inula-novdom/src/dom.ts
index 5a955cae..930b5d0e 100644
--- a/packages/inula-novdom/src/dom.ts
+++ b/packages/inula-novdom/src/dom.ts
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 
 import { watch } from 'inula-reactive';
 import { isReactiveObj } from 'inula-reactive';
+import { RefCallback, RefObject } from './type';
 
 /**
  * Creates a function that returns a Node created from the provided HTML string.
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ function insertExpression(parent: Node, value: any, prevValue: any, marker?: Nod
     result = cleanChildren(parent, prevValue, marker);
   } else if (t === 'function') {
     // 在watch里面执行
-    watchRender((prev) => {
+    watchRender(prev => {
       let v = value();
       while (isReactiveObj(v)) {
         v = v.get();
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ function insertExpression(parent: Node, value: any, prevValue: any, marker?: Nod
     const array: any[] = [];
     const isPrevArray: boolean = prevValue && Array.isArray(prevValue);
     if (flattenArray(array, value)) {
-      watchRender((prev) => {
+      watchRender(prev => {
         result = insertExpression(parent, array, prev, marker);
         return result;
       }, prevValue);
@@ -116,7 +117,8 @@ function insertExpression(parent: Node, value: any, prevValue: any, marker?: Nod
       return () => result;
     }
 
-    if (array.length === 0) { // 当前没有节点
+    if (array.length === 0) {
+      // 当前没有节点
       result = cleanChildren(parent, prevValue, marker);
       if (multi) {
         return result;
@@ -135,7 +137,8 @@ function insertExpression(parent: Node, value: any, prevValue: any, marker?: Nod
       appendNodes(parent, array);
     }
     result = array;
-  } else if (value.nodeType) { // 是Node节点
+  } else if (value.nodeType) {
+    // 是Node节点
     if (Array.isArray(prevValue)) {
       if (multi) {
         return cleanChildren(parent, prevValue, marker, value);
@@ -367,3 +370,18 @@ export function style(
     }
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * Binds a ref to a node.
+ * @param node
+ * @param ref
+ */
+export function bindRef<T>(node: T, ref: RefObject<T> | RefCallback<T>): void {
+  if (typeof ref === 'function') {
+    ref(node);
+  } else if (ref && 'current' in ref) {
+    (ref as RefObject<T>).current = node;
+  } else {
+    throw new Error('Invalid ref');
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/inula-novdom/src/type.ts b/packages/inula-novdom/src/type.ts
index da3ec6ad..26441c00 100644
--- a/packages/inula-novdom/src/type.ts
+++ b/packages/inula-novdom/src/type.ts
@@ -20,3 +20,7 @@ export type AppDisposer = () => void;
 export type Props = Record<string, unknown>;
 export type Context = Props;
 export type WithChildren<T = Props> = T & { children?: JSXElement };
+// --- ref ---
+export type RefObject<T> = { current: T | null };
+export type RefCallback<T> = (instance: T | null) => void;
+export type Ref<T> = RefObject<T> | RefCallback<T> | T;
diff --git a/packages/inula-novdom/tests/env.test.tsx b/packages/inula-novdom/tests/env.test.tsx
index eda3ba23..c9f20e18 100644
--- a/packages/inula-novdom/tests/env.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/inula-novdom/tests/env.test.tsx
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ describe('env', () => {
 
     render(() => $$runComponent(App, {}), container);
     expect(container.innerHTML).toMatchInlineSnapshot(
-      '<ul><li>root</li><ul><li>sub1</li><li>root-sub1-1</li><li>root-sub1-2</li></ul><ul><li>sub2</li><li>root-sub2-3</li><ul><li>sub3</li><li>root-sub2-sub3-4</li></ul><li>root-sub2-5</li></ul></ul>',
+      '"<ul><li>root</li><ul><li>sub1</li><li>root-sub1-1</li><li>root-sub1-2</li></ul><ul><li>sub2</li><li>root-sub2-3</li><ul><li>sub3</li><li>root-sub2-sub3-4</li></ul><li>root-sub2-5</li></ul></ul>"',
     );
   });
 });
diff --git a/packages/inula-novdom/tests/ref.test.ts b/packages/inula-novdom/tests/ref.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1605c4ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/inula-novdom/tests/ref.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd.
+ *
+ * openInula is licensed under Mulan PSL v2.
+ * You can use this software according to the terms and conditions of the Mulan PSL v2.
+ * You may obtain a copy of Mulan PSL v2 at:
+ *
+ *          http://license.coscl.org.cn/MulanPSL2
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND,
+ * EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO NON-INFRINGEMENT,
+ * MERCHANTABILITY OR FIT FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+ * See the Mulan PSL v2 for more details.
+ */
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/ban-ts-comment
+// @ts-nocheck For the compiled code.
+
+import { describe, expect } from 'vitest';
+import { domTest as it } from './utils';
+import { template as $$template, bindRef as $$bindRef } from '../src/dom';
+import { runComponent as $$runComponent, render } from '../src/core';
+
+describe('ref', () => {
+  it('should reference to dom.', ({ container }) => {
+    /*
+     * 源码：
+     * function App(props) {
+     *   let ref;
+     *   return <canvas ref={ref} width="256" height="256" />;
+     * }
+     */
+    const $tmpl$ = $$template(`<canvas width="256" height="256"></canvas>`);
+    let ref: Node;
+
+    function App() {
+      return (() => {
+        const $div = $tmpl$();
+        const $ref = ref;
+        typeof $ref === 'function' ? $$bindRef($ref, $div) : (ref = $div);
+        return $div;
+      })();
+    }
+
+    render(() => $$runComponent(App, {}), container);
+    expect(ref).toBe(container.firstChild);
+  });
+
+  it('should reference to component.', ({ container }) => {
+    /**
+     * 源码：
+     * // App.tsx
+     * import Canvas from "./canvas";
+     *
+     * function App() {
+     *   let canvas;
+     *   return <Canvas ref={canvas} />;
+     * }
+     *
+     * render(() => <App />, document.getElementById("app"));
+     *
+     * // canvas.tsx
+     * export default function Canvas(props) {
+     *   return <canvas ref={props.ref} width="256" height="256" />;
+     * }
+     */
+    const $tmpl$ = $$template('<canvas width="256" height="256"></canvas>');
+
+    function Canvas() {
+      return (() => {
+        const $div = $tmpl$();
+        const $ref = canvas;
+        typeof $ref === 'function' ? $$bindRef($ref, $div) : (canvas = $div);
+        return $div;
+      })();
+    }
+
+    let canvas: Node;
+
+    function App() {
+      return $$runComponent(Canvas, {
+        ref($r: Node) {
+          const $ref = canvas;
+          typeof $ref === 'function' ? $ref($r) : (canvas = $r);
+        },
+      });
+    }
+
+    render(() => $$runComponent(App, {}), container);
+    expect(canvas).toBe(container.firstChild);
+  });
+});