297 lines
9.4 KiB
ReStructuredText
297 lines
9.4 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. _`warnings`:
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Warnings Capture
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================
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.. versionadded:: 3.1
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Starting from version ``3.1``, pytest now automatically catches warnings during test execution
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and displays them at the end of the session::
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# content of test_show_warnings.py
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import warnings
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def api_v1():
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warnings.warn(UserWarning("api v1, should use functions from v2"))
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return 1
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def test_one():
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assert api_v1() == 1
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Running pytest now produces this output::
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$ pytest test_show_warnings.py
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=========================== test session starts ============================
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platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-3.x.y, py-1.x.y, pluggy-0.x.y
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rootdir: $REGENDOC_TMPDIR, inifile:
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collected 1 item
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test_show_warnings.py . [100%]
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============================= warnings summary =============================
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test_show_warnings.py::test_one
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$REGENDOC_TMPDIR/test_show_warnings.py:4: UserWarning: api v1, should use functions from v2
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warnings.warn(UserWarning("api v1, should use functions from v2"))
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-- Docs: http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/warnings.html
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=================== 1 passed, 1 warnings in 0.12 seconds ===================
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Pytest by default catches all warnings except for ``DeprecationWarning`` and ``PendingDeprecationWarning``.
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The ``-W`` flag can be passed to control which warnings will be displayed or even turn
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them into errors::
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$ pytest -q test_show_warnings.py -W error::UserWarning
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F [100%]
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================================= FAILURES =================================
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_________________________________ test_one _________________________________
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def test_one():
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> assert api_v1() == 1
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test_show_warnings.py:8:
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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def api_v1():
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> warnings.warn(UserWarning("api v1, should use functions from v2"))
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E UserWarning: api v1, should use functions from v2
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test_show_warnings.py:4: UserWarning
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1 failed in 0.12 seconds
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The same option can be set in the ``pytest.ini`` file using the ``filterwarnings`` ini option.
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For example, the configuration below will ignore all user warnings, but will transform
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all other warnings into errors.
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.. code-block:: ini
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[pytest]
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filterwarnings =
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error
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ignore::UserWarning
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When a warning matches more than one option in the list, the action for the last matching option
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is performed.
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Both ``-W`` command-line option and ``filterwarnings`` ini option are based on Python's own
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`-W option`_ and `warnings.simplefilter`_, so please refer to those sections in the Python
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documentation for other examples and advanced usage.
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.. _`filterwarnings`:
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``@pytest.mark.filterwarnings``
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-------------------------------
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.. versionadded:: 3.2
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You can use the ``@pytest.mark.filterwarnings`` to add warning filters to specific test items,
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allowing you to have finer control of which warnings should be captured at test, class or
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even module level:
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.. code-block:: python
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import warnings
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def api_v1():
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warnings.warn(UserWarning("api v1, should use functions from v2"))
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return 1
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@pytest.mark.filterwarnings('ignore:api v1')
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def test_one():
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assert api_v1() == 1
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Filters applied using a mark take precedence over filters passed on the command line or configured
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by the ``filterwarnings`` ini option.
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You may apply a filter to all tests of a class by using the ``filterwarnings`` mark as a class
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decorator or to all tests in a module by setting the ``pytestmark`` variable:
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.. code-block:: python
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# turns all warnings into errors for this module
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pytestmark = pytest.mark.filterwarnings('error')
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.. note::
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Except for these features, pytest does not change the python warning filter; it only captures
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and displays the warnings which are issued with respect to the currently configured filter,
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including changes to the filter made by test functions or by the system under test.
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.. note::
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``DeprecationWarning`` and ``PendingDeprecationWarning`` are hidden by the standard library
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by default so you have to explicitly configure them to be displayed in your ``pytest.ini``:
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.. code-block:: ini
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[pytest]
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filterwarnings =
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once::DeprecationWarning
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once::PendingDeprecationWarning
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*Credits go to Florian Schulze for the reference implementation in the* `pytest-warnings`_
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*plugin.*
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.. _`-W option`: https://docs.python.org/3/using/cmdline.html?highlight=#cmdoption-W
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.. _warnings.simplefilter: https://docs.python.org/3/library/warnings.html#warnings.simplefilter
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.. _`pytest-warnings`: https://github.com/fschulze/pytest-warnings
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Disabling warning capture
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-------------------------
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This feature is enabled by default but can be disabled entirely in your ``pytest.ini`` file with:
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.. code-block:: ini
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[pytest]
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addopts = -p no:warnings
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Or passing ``-p no:warnings`` in the command-line.
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.. _`asserting warnings`:
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.. _assertwarnings:
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.. _`asserting warnings with the warns function`:
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.. _warns:
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Asserting warnings with the warns function
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-----------------------------------------------
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.. versionadded:: 2.8
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You can check that code raises a particular warning using ``pytest.warns``,
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which works in a similar manner to :ref:`raises <assertraises>`::
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import warnings
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import pytest
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def test_warning():
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with pytest.warns(UserWarning):
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warnings.warn("my warning", UserWarning)
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The test will fail if the warning in question is not raised. The keyword
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argument ``match`` to assert that the exception matches a text or regex::
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>>> with warns(UserWarning, match='must be 0 or None'):
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... warnings.warn("value must be 0 or None", UserWarning)
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>>> with warns(UserWarning, match=r'must be \d+$'):
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... warnings.warn("value must be 42", UserWarning)
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>>> with warns(UserWarning, match=r'must be \d+$'):
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... warnings.warn("this is not here", UserWarning)
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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...
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Failed: DID NOT WARN. No warnings of type ...UserWarning... was emitted...
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You can also call ``pytest.warns`` on a function or code string::
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pytest.warns(expected_warning, func, *args, **kwargs)
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pytest.warns(expected_warning, "func(*args, **kwargs)")
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The function also returns a list of all raised warnings (as
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``warnings.WarningMessage`` objects), which you can query for
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additional information::
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with pytest.warns(RuntimeWarning) as record:
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warnings.warn("another warning", RuntimeWarning)
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# check that only one warning was raised
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assert len(record) == 1
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# check that the message matches
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assert record[0].message.args[0] == "another warning"
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Alternatively, you can examine raised warnings in detail using the
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:ref:`recwarn <recwarn>` fixture (see below).
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.. note::
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``DeprecationWarning`` and ``PendingDeprecationWarning`` are treated
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differently; see :ref:`ensuring_function_triggers`.
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.. _`recording warnings`:
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.. _recwarn:
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Recording warnings
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------------------------
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You can record raised warnings either using ``pytest.warns`` or with
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the ``recwarn`` fixture.
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To record with ``pytest.warns`` without asserting anything about the warnings,
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pass ``None`` as the expected warning type::
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with pytest.warns(None) as record:
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warnings.warn("user", UserWarning)
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warnings.warn("runtime", RuntimeWarning)
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assert len(record) == 2
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assert str(record[0].message) == "user"
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assert str(record[1].message) == "runtime"
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The ``recwarn`` fixture will record warnings for the whole function::
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import warnings
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def test_hello(recwarn):
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warnings.warn("hello", UserWarning)
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assert len(recwarn) == 1
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w = recwarn.pop(UserWarning)
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assert issubclass(w.category, UserWarning)
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assert str(w.message) == "hello"
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assert w.filename
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assert w.lineno
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Both ``recwarn`` and ``pytest.warns`` return the same interface for recorded
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warnings: a WarningsRecorder instance. To view the recorded warnings, you can
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iterate over this instance, call ``len`` on it to get the number of recorded
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warnings, or index into it to get a particular recorded warning.
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.. currentmodule:: _pytest.warnings
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Full API: :class:`WarningsRecorder`.
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.. _`ensuring a function triggers a deprecation warning`:
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.. _ensuring_function_triggers:
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Ensuring a function triggers a deprecation warning
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-------------------------------------------------------
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You can also call a global helper for checking
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that a certain function call triggers a ``DeprecationWarning`` or
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``PendingDeprecationWarning``::
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import pytest
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def test_global():
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pytest.deprecated_call(myfunction, 17)
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By default, ``DeprecationWarning`` and ``PendingDeprecationWarning`` will not be
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caught when using ``pytest.warns`` or ``recwarn`` because default Python warnings filters hide
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them. If you wish to record them in your own code, use the
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command ``warnings.simplefilter('always')``::
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import warnings
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import pytest
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def test_deprecation(recwarn):
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warnings.simplefilter('always')
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warnings.warn("deprecated", DeprecationWarning)
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assert len(recwarn) == 1
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assert recwarn.pop(DeprecationWarning)
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You can also use it as a contextmanager::
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def test_global():
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with pytest.deprecated_call():
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myobject.deprecated_method()
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