Merge branch 'main' into test-case-verbosity

.git-blame-ignore-revs

@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@ afc607cfd81458d4e4f3b1f3cf8cc931b933907e
 5f95dce95602921a70bfbc7d8de2f7712c5e4505
 # ran pyupgrade-docs again
 75d0b899bbb56d6849e9d69d83a9426ed3f43f8b
-
 # move argument parser to own file
 c9df77cbd6a365dcb73c39618e4842711817e871
+# Replace reorder-python-imports by isort due to black incompatibility (#11896)
+8b54596639f41dfac070030ef20394b9001fe63c
+# Run blacken-docs with black's 2024's style
+4546d5445aaefe6a03957db028c263521dfb5c4b
+# Migration to ruff / ruff format
+4588653b2497ed25976b7aaff225b889fb476756

.github/workflows/deploy.yml

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
         persist-credentials: false
 
     - name: Build and Check Package
-      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2.0.0
+      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2.0.1
 
   deploy:
     if: github.repository == 'pytest-dev/pytest'
@@ -72,6 +72,12 @@ jobs:
         fetch-depth: 0
         persist-credentials: false
 
+    - name: Download Package
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: Packages
+        path: dist
+
     - name: Set up Python
       uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       with:

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
         fetch-depth: 0
         persist-credentials: false
     - name: Build and Check Package
-      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2.0.0
+      uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2.0.1
 
   build:
     needs: [package]
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
       if: "matrix.use_coverage"
-      uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
+      uses: codecov/codecov-action@v4
       continue-on-error: true
       with:
         fail_ci_if_error: true

.github/workflows/update-plugin-list.yml

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ jobs:
           python-version: "3.11"
           cache: pip
       - name: requests-cache
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ~/.cache/pytest-plugin-list/
           key: plugins-http-cache-${{ github.run_id }} # Can use time based key as well
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
         run: python scripts/update-plugin-list.py
 
       - name: Create Pull Request
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@153407881ec5c347639a548ade7d8ad1d6740e38
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@b1ddad2c994a25fbc81a28b3ec0e368bb2021c50
         with:
           commit-message: '[automated] Update plugin list'
           author: 'pytest bot <pytestbot@users.noreply.github.com>'

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
 repos:
--   repo: https://github.com/psf/black
+- repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: 23.12.1
+  rev: "v0.2.2"
-    hooks:
+  hooks:
-    -   id: black
+    - id: ruff
-        args: [--safe, --quiet]
+      args: ["--fix"]
--   repo: https://github.com/asottile/blacken-docs
+    - id: ruff-format
-    rev: 1.16.0
-    hooks:
-    -   id: blacken-docs
-        additional_dependencies: [black==23.7.0]
 -   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
     rev: v4.5.0
     hooks:
@@ -20,37 +16,11 @@ repos:
     -   id: debug-statements
         exclude: _pytest/(debugging|hookspec).py
         language_version: python3
--   repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/autoflake
+-   repo: https://github.com/adamchainz/blacken-docs
-    rev: v2.2.1
+    rev: 1.16.0
     hooks:
-    -   id: autoflake
+    -   id: blacken-docs
-        name: autoflake
+        additional_dependencies: [black==24.1.1]
-        args: ["--in-place", "--remove-unused-variables", "--remove-all-unused-imports"]
-        language: python
-        files: \.py$
--   repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8
-    rev: 7.0.0
-    hooks:
-    -   id: flake8
-        language_version: python3
-        additional_dependencies:
-          - flake8-typing-imports==1.12.0
-          - flake8-docstrings==1.5.0
--   repo: https://github.com/asottile/reorder-python-imports
-    rev: v3.12.0
-    hooks:
-    -   id: reorder-python-imports
-        args: ['--application-directories=.:src', --py38-plus]
--   repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
-    rev: v3.15.0
-    hooks:
-    -   id: pyupgrade
-        args: [--py38-plus]
--   repo: https://github.com/asottile/setup-cfg-fmt
-    rev: v2.5.0
-    hooks:
-    -   id: setup-cfg-fmt
-        args: ["--max-py-version=3.12", "--include-version-classifiers"]
 -   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pygrep-hooks
     rev: v1.10.0
     hooks:
@@ -64,6 +34,7 @@ repos:
         additional_dependencies:
           - iniconfig>=1.1.0
           - attrs>=19.2.0
+          - pluggy>=1.4.0
           - packaging
           - tomli
           - types-pkg_resources
@@ -71,6 +42,12 @@ repos:
             # for mypy running on python>=3.11 since exceptiongroup is only a dependency
             # on <3.11
           - exceptiongroup>=1.0.0rc8
+- repo: https://github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt
+  rev: "1.7.0"
+  hooks:
+    - id: pyproject-fmt
+      # https://pyproject-fmt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#calculating-max-supported-python-version
+      additional_dependencies: ["tox>=4.9"]
 -   repo: local
     hooks:
     -   id: rst

AUTHORS

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ Babak Keyvani
 Barney Gale
 Ben Brown
 Ben Gartner
+Ben Leith
 Ben Webb
 Benjamin Peterson
 Benjamin Schubert
@@ -93,6 +94,7 @@ Christopher Dignam
 Christopher Gilling
 Claire Cecil
 Claudio Madotto
+Clément M.T. Robert
 CrazyMerlyn
 Cristian Vera
 Cyrus Maden
@@ -126,6 +128,8 @@ Edison Gustavo Muenz
 Edoardo Batini
 Edson Tadeu M. Manoel
 Eduardo Schettino
+Edward Haigh
+Eero Vaher
 Eli Boyarski
 Elizaveta Shashkova
 Éloi Rivard
@@ -141,6 +145,7 @@ Evgeny Seliverstov
 Fabian Sturm
 Fabien Zarifian
 Fabio Zadrozny
+faph
 Felix Hofstätter
 Felix Nieuwenhuizen
 Feng Ma
@@ -339,6 +344,7 @@ Ronny Pfannschmidt
 Ross Lawley
 Ruaridh Williamson
 Russel Winder
+Russell Martin
 Ryan Puddephatt
 Ryan Wooden
 Sadra Barikbin
@@ -413,6 +419,7 @@ Vivaan Verma
 Vlad Dragos
 Vlad Radziuk
 Vladyslav Rachek
+Volodymyr Kochetkov
 Volodymyr Piskun
 Wei Lin
 Wil Cooley

README.rst

@@ -27,9 +27,6 @@
    :target: https://results.pre-commit.ci/latest/github/pytest-dev/pytest/main
    :alt: pre-commit.ci status
 
-.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg
-    :target: https://github.com/psf/black
-
 .. image:: https://www.codetriage.com/pytest-dev/pytest/badges/users.svg
     :target: https://www.codetriage.com/pytest-dev/pytest
 

TIDELIFT.rst

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ members of the `contributors team`_ interested in receiving funding.
 
 The current list of contributors receiving funding are:
 
-* `@asottile`_
 * `@nicoddemus`_
 * `@The-Compiler`_
 
@@ -55,6 +54,5 @@ funds. Just drop a line to one of the `@pytest-dev/tidelift-admins`_ or use the
 .. _`@pytest-dev/tidelift-admins`: https://github.com/orgs/pytest-dev/teams/tidelift-admins/members
 .. _`agreement`: https://tidelift.com/docs/lifting/agreement
 
-.. _`@asottile`: https://github.com/asottile
 .. _`@nicoddemus`: https://github.com/nicoddemus
 .. _`@The-Compiler`: https://github.com/The-Compiler

bench/bench.py

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 import sys
 
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     import cProfile
-    import pytest  # NOQA
     import pstats
 
+    import pytest  # noqa: F401
+
     script = sys.argv[1:] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else ["empty.py"]
     cProfile.run("pytest.cmdline.main(%r)" % script, "prof")
     p = pstats.Stats("prof")

bench/bench_argcomplete.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 # FastFilesCompleter    0.7383    1.0760
 import timeit
 
+
 imports = [
     "from argcomplete.completers import FilesCompleter as completer",
     "from _pytest._argcomplete import FastFilesCompleter as completer",

bench/skip.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
+
 SKIP = True
 
 

bench/unit_test.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from unittest import TestCase  # noqa: F401
 
+
 for i in range(15000):
     exec(
         f"""

changelog/10865.improvement.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+:func:`pytest.warns` now validates that :func:`warnings.warn` was called with a `str` or a `Warning`.
+Currently in Python it is possible to use other types, however this causes an exception when :func:`warnings.filterwarnings` is used to filter those warnings (see `CPython #103577 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/103577>`__ for a discussion).
+While this can be considered a bug in CPython, we decided to put guards in pytest as the error message produced without this check in place is confusing.

changelog/11233.feature.rst

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-Improvements to how ``-r`` for xfailures and xpasses:
-
-* Report tracebacks for xfailures when ``-rx`` is set.
-* Report captured output for xpasses when ``-rX`` is set.
-* For xpasses, add ``-`` in summary between test name and reason, to match how xfail is displayed.

changelog/11311.improvement.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+When using ``--override-ini`` for paths in invocations without a configuration file defined, the current working directory is used
+as the relative directory.
+
+Previoulsy this would raise an :class:`AssertionError`.

changelog/11706.bugfix.rst

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Fix reporting of teardown errors in higher-scoped fixtures when using `--maxfail` or `--stepwise`.

changelog/11758.bugfix.rst

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-Fixed ``IndexError: string index out of range`` crash in ``if highlighted[-1] == "\n" and source[-1] != "\n"``.
-This bug was introduced in pytest 8.0.0rc1.

changelog/11790.doc.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Documented the retention of temporary directories created using the ``tmp_path`` fixture in more detail.

changelog/11801.improvement.rst

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-Added the :func:`iterparents() <_pytest.nodes.Node.iterparents>` helper method on nodes.
+Added the :func:`iter_parents() <_pytest.nodes.Node.iter_parents>` helper method on nodes.
 It is similar to :func:`listchain <_pytest.nodes.Node.listchain>`, but goes from bottom to top, and returns an iterator, not a list.

changelog/11850.improvement.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Added support for :data:`sys.last_exc` for post-mortem debugging on Python>=3.12.

changelog/11895.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix collection on Windows where initial paths contain the short version of a path (for example ``c:\PROGRA~1\tests``).

changelog/11953.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix an ``IndexError`` crash raising from ``getstatementrange_ast``.

changelog/11962.improvement.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+In case no other suitable candidates for configuration file are found, a ``pyproject.toml`` (even without a ``[tool.pytest.ini_options]`` table) will be considered as the configuration file and define the ``rootdir``.

changelog/11978.improvement.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Add ``--log-file-mode`` option to the logging plugin, enabling appending to log-files. This option accepts either ``"w"`` or ``"a"`` and defaults to ``"w"``.
+
+Previously, the mode was hard-coded to be ``"w"`` which truncates the file before logging.

changelog/12011.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fixed a regression in 8.0.1 whereby ``setup_module`` xunit-style fixtures are not executed when ``--doctest-modules`` is passed.

changelog/12014.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix the ``stacklevel`` used when warning about marks used on fixtures.

changelog/12021.bugfix.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Reverted a fix to `--maxfail` handling in pytest 8.0.0 because it caused a regression in pytest-xdist whereby session fixture teardowns may get executed multiple times when the max-fails is reached.

doc/en/_templates/slim_searchbox.html

@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@
 <div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search">
   <div class="searchformwrapper">
     <form class="search" action="{{ pathto('search') }}" method="get">
-      <input type="text" name="q" aria-labelledby="searchlabel"
+      <input type="text" name="q" aria-labelledby="searchlabel" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false"/>
-        placeholder="Search"/>
       <input type="submit" value="{{ _('Go') }}" />
     </form>
   </div>
 </div>
-<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
+<script>document.getElementById('searchbox').style.display = "block"</script>
 {%- endif %}

doc/en/announce/index.rst

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ Release announcements
    :maxdepth: 2
 
 
+   release-8.0.1
+   release-8.0.0
+   release-8.0.0rc2
    release-8.0.0rc1
    release-7.4.4
    release-7.4.3

doc/en/announce/release-8.0.0.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+pytest-8.0.0
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 8.0.0 release!
+
+This release contains new features, improvements, bug fixes, and breaking changes, so users
+are encouraged to take a look at the CHANGELOG carefully:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html
+
+For complete documentation, please visit:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/
+
+As usual, you can upgrade from PyPI via:
+
+    pip install -U pytest
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Ran Benita
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-8.0.0rc2.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+pytest-8.0.0rc2
+=======================================
+
+The pytest team is proud to announce the 8.0.0rc2 prerelease!
+
+This is a prerelease, not intended for production use, but to test the upcoming features and improvements
+in order to catch any major problems before the final version is released to the major public.
+
+We appreciate your help testing this out before the final release, making sure to report any
+regressions to our issue tracker:
+
+https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues
+
+When doing so, please include the string ``[prerelease]`` in the title.
+
+You can upgrade from PyPI via:
+
+    pip install pytest==8.0.0rc2
+
+Users are encouraged to take a look at the CHANGELOG carefully:
+
+    https://docs.pytest.org/en/release-8.0.0rc2/changelog.html
+
+Thanks to all the contributors to this release:
+
+* Ben Brown
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Ran Benita
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/announce/release-8.0.1.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+pytest-8.0.1
+=======================================
+
+pytest 8.0.1 has just been released to PyPI.
+
+This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
+
+  pip install --upgrade pytest
+
+The full changelog is available at https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html.
+
+Thanks to all of the contributors to this release:
+
+* Bruno Oliveira
+* Clément Robert
+* Pierre Sassoulas
+* Ran Benita
+
+
+Happy testing,
+The pytest Development Team

doc/en/builtin.rst

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
     cachedir: .pytest_cache
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 0 items
-    cache -- .../_pytest/cacheprovider.py:526
+    cache -- .../_pytest/cacheprovider.py:527
         Return a cache object that can persist state between testing sessions.
 
         cache.get(key, default)
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
 
         Values can be any object handled by the json stdlib module.
 
-    capsysbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1008
+    capsysbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1007
         Enable bytes capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``.
 
         The captured output is made available via ``capsysbinary.readouterr()``
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[bytes] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
         Example:
-
         .. code-block:: python
 
             def test_output(capsysbinary):
@@ -51,7 +50,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 captured = capsysbinary.readouterr()
                 assert captured.out == b"hello\n"
 
-    capfd -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1036
+    capfd -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1034
         Enable text capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``.
 
         The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method
@@ -61,7 +60,6 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
         Example:
-
         .. code-block:: python
 
             def test_system_echo(capfd):
@@ -69,7 +67,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 captured = capfd.readouterr()
                 assert captured.out == "hello\n"
 
-    capfdbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1064
+    capfdbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1061
         Enable bytes capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``.
 
         The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method
@@ -79,7 +77,6 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[bytes] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
         Example:
-
         .. code-block:: python
 
             def test_system_echo(capfdbinary):
@@ -97,7 +94,6 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
         Example:
-
         .. code-block:: python
 
             def test_output(capsys):
@@ -105,7 +101,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 captured = capsys.readouterr()
                 assert captured.out == "hello\n"
 
-    doctest_namespace [session scope] -- .../_pytest/doctest.py:743
+    doctest_namespace [session scope] -- .../_pytest/doctest.py:745
         Fixture that returns a :py:class:`dict` that will be injected into the
         namespace of doctests.
 
@@ -119,7 +115,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
 
         For more details: :ref:`doctest_namespace`.
 
-    pytestconfig [session scope] -- .../_pytest/fixtures.py:1365
+    pytestconfig [session scope] -- .../_pytest/fixtures.py:1354
         Session-scoped fixture that returns the session's :class:`pytest.Config`
         object.
 
@@ -129,7 +125,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
                 if pytestconfig.getoption("verbose") > 0:
                     ...
 
-    record_property -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:282
+    record_property -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:283
         Add extra properties to the calling test.
 
         User properties become part of the test report and are available to the
@@ -143,13 +139,13 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
             def test_function(record_property):
                 record_property("example_key", 1)
 
-    record_xml_attribute -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:305
+    record_xml_attribute -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:306
         Add extra xml attributes to the tag for the calling test.
 
         The fixture is callable with ``name, value``. The value is
         automatically XML-encoded.
 
-    record_testsuite_property [session scope] -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:343
+    record_testsuite_property [session scope] -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:344
         Record a new ``<property>`` tag as child of the root ``<testsuite>``.
 
         This is suitable to writing global information regarding the entire test
@@ -174,10 +170,10 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
             `pytest-xdist <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-xdist>`__ plugin. See
             :issue:`7767` for details.
 
-    tmpdir_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/legacypath.py:300
+    tmpdir_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/legacypath.py:302
         Return a :class:`pytest.TempdirFactory` instance for the test session.
 
-    tmpdir -- .../_pytest/legacypath.py:307
+    tmpdir -- .../_pytest/legacypath.py:309
         Return a temporary directory path object which is unique to each test
         function invocation, created as a sub directory of the base temporary
         directory.
@@ -196,7 +192,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
 
         .. _legacy_path: https://py.readthedocs.io/en/latest/path.html
 
-    caplog -- .../_pytest/logging.py:593
+    caplog -- .../_pytest/logging.py:594
         Access and control log capturing.
 
         Captured logs are available through the following properties/methods::
@@ -207,7 +203,7 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         * caplog.record_tuples   -> list of (logger_name, level, message) tuples
         * caplog.clear()         -> clear captured records and formatted log output string
 
-    monkeypatch -- .../_pytest/monkeypatch.py:30
+    monkeypatch -- .../_pytest/monkeypatch.py:32
         A convenient fixture for monkey-patching.
 
         The fixture provides these methods to modify objects, dictionaries, or
@@ -231,16 +227,16 @@ For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of a
         To undo modifications done by the fixture in a contained scope,
         use :meth:`context() <pytest.MonkeyPatch.context>`.
 
-    recwarn -- .../_pytest/recwarn.py:30
+    recwarn -- .../_pytest/recwarn.py:32
         Return a :class:`WarningsRecorder` instance that records all warnings emitted by test functions.
 
         See https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/how-to/capture-warnings.html for information
         on warning categories.
 
-    tmp_path_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:239
+    tmp_path_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:241
         Return a :class:`pytest.TempPathFactory` instance for the test session.
 
-    tmp_path -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:254
+    tmp_path -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:256
         Return a temporary directory path object which is unique to each test
         function invocation, created as a sub directory of the base temporary
         directory.

doc/en/changelog.rst

@@ -28,6 +28,75 @@ with advance notice in the **Deprecations** section of releases.
 
 .. towncrier release notes start
 
+pytest 8.0.1 (2024-02-16)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#11875 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11875>`_: Correctly handle errors from :func:`getpass.getuser` in Python 3.13.
+
+
+- `#11879 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11879>`_: Fix an edge case where ``ExceptionInfo._stringify_exception`` could crash :func:`pytest.raises`.
+
+
+- `#11906 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11906>`_: Fix regression with :func:`pytest.warns` using custom warning subclasses which have more than one parameter in their `__init__`.
+
+
+- `#11907 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11907>`_: Fix a regression in pytest 8.0.0 whereby calling :func:`pytest.skip` and similar control-flow exceptions within a :func:`pytest.warns()` block would get suppressed instead of propagating.
+
+
+- `#11929 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11929>`_: Fix a regression in pytest 8.0.0 whereby autouse fixtures defined in a module get ignored by the doctests in the module.
+
+
+- `#11937 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11937>`_: Fix a regression in pytest 8.0.0 whereby items would be collected in reverse order in some circumstances.
+
+
+pytest 8.0.0 (2024-01-27)
+=========================
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#11842 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11842>`_: Properly escape the ``reason`` of a :ref:`skip <pytest.mark.skip ref>` mark when writing JUnit XML files.
+
+
+- `#11861 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11861>`_: Avoid microsecond exceeds ``1_000_000`` when using ``log-date-format`` with ``%f`` specifier, which might cause the test suite to crash.
+
+
+pytest 8.0.0rc2 (2024-01-17)
+============================
+
+
+Improvements
+------------
+
+- `#11233 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11233>`_: Improvements to ``-r`` for xfailures and xpasses:
+
+  * Report tracebacks for xfailures when ``-rx`` is set.
+  * Report captured output for xpasses when ``-rX`` is set.
+  * For xpasses, add ``-`` in summary between test name and reason, to match how xfail is displayed.
+
+- `#11825 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11825>`_: The :hook:`pytest_plugin_registered` hook has a new ``plugin_name`` parameter containing the name by which ``plugin`` is registered.
+
+
+Bug Fixes
+---------
+
+- `#11706 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11706>`_: Fix reporting of teardown errors in higher-scoped fixtures when using `--maxfail` or `--stepwise`.
+
+  NOTE: This change was reverted in pytest 8.0.2 to fix a `regression <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-xdist/issues/1024>`_ it caused in pytest-xdist.
+
+
+- `#11758 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11758>`_: Fixed ``IndexError: string index out of range`` crash in ``if highlighted[-1] == "\n" and source[-1] != "\n"``.
+  This bug was introduced in pytest 8.0.0rc1.
+
+
+- `#9765 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9765>`_, `#11816 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/11816>`_: Fixed a frustrating bug that afflicted some users with the only error being ``assert mod not in mods``. The issue was caused by the fact that ``str(Path(mod))`` and ``mod.__file__`` don't necessarily produce the same string, and was being erroneously used interchangably in some places in the code.
+
+  This fix also broke the internal API of ``PytestPluginManager.consider_conftest`` by introducing a new parameter -- we mention this in case it is being used by external code, even if marked as *private*.
+
+
 pytest 8.0.0rc1 (2023-12-30)
 ============================
 
@@ -223,6 +292,10 @@ These are breaking changes where deprecation was not possible.
   therefore fail on the newly-re-emitted warnings.
 
 
+- The internal ``FixtureManager.getfixtureclosure`` method has changed. Plugins which use this method or
+  which subclass ``FixtureManager`` and overwrite that method will need to adapt to the change.
+
+
 
 Deprecations
 ------------

doc/en/conf.py

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from _pytest import __version__ as version
 
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     import sphinx.application
 
@@ -440,9 +441,10 @@ intersphinx_mapping = {
 
 def configure_logging(app: "sphinx.application.Sphinx") -> None:
     """Configure Sphinx's WarningHandler to handle (expected) missing include."""
-    import sphinx.util.logging
     import logging
 
+    import sphinx.util.logging
+
     class WarnLogFilter(logging.Filter):
         def filter(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> bool:
             """Ignore warnings about missing include with "only" directive.

doc/en/deprecations.rst

@@ -33,13 +33,11 @@ have been available since years and should be used instead.
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.tryfirst
-    def pytest_runtest_call():
+    def pytest_runtest_call(): ...
-        ...
 
 
     # or
-    def pytest_runtest_call():
+    def pytest_runtest_call(): ...
-        ...
 
 
     pytest_runtest_call.tryfirst = True
@@ -49,8 +47,7 @@ should be changed to:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
-    def pytest_runtest_call():
+    def pytest_runtest_call(): ...
-        ...
 
 Changed ``hookimpl`` attributes:
 
@@ -146,8 +143,7 @@ Applying a mark to a fixture function never had any effect, but it is a common u
 
     @pytest.mark.usefixtures("clean_database")
     @pytest.fixture
-    def user() -> User:
+    def user() -> User: ...
-        ...
 
 Users expected in this case that the ``usefixtures`` mark would have its intended effect of using the ``clean_database`` fixture when ``user`` was invoked, when in fact it has no effect at all.
 
@@ -308,11 +304,9 @@ they are in fact part of the ``nose`` support.
         def teardown(self):
             self.resource.close()
 
-        def test_foo(self):
+        def test_foo(self): ...
-            ...
 
-        def test_bar(self):
+        def test_bar(self): ...
-            ...
 
 
 
@@ -327,11 +321,9 @@ Native pytest support uses ``setup_method`` and ``teardown_method`` (see :ref:`x
         def teardown_method(self):
             self.resource.close()
 
-        def test_foo(self):
+        def test_foo(self): ...
-            ...
 
-        def test_bar(self):
+        def test_bar(self): ...
-            ...
 
 
 This is easy to do in an entire code base by doing a simple find/replace.
@@ -346,17 +338,14 @@ Code using `@with_setup <with-setup-nose>`_ such as this:
     from nose.tools import with_setup
 
 
-    def setup_some_resource():
+    def setup_some_resource(): ...
-        ...
 
 
-    def teardown_some_resource():
+    def teardown_some_resource(): ...
-        ...
 
 
     @with_setup(setup_some_resource, teardown_some_resource)
-    def test_foo():
+    def test_foo(): ...
-        ...
 
 Will also need to be ported to a supported pytest style. One way to do it is using a fixture:
 
@@ -365,12 +354,10 @@ Will also need to be ported to a supported pytest style. One way to do it is usi
     import pytest
 
 
-    def setup_some_resource():
+    def setup_some_resource(): ...
-        ...
 
 
-    def teardown_some_resource():
+    def teardown_some_resource(): ...
-        ...
 
 
     @pytest.fixture
@@ -380,8 +367,7 @@ Will also need to be ported to a supported pytest style. One way to do it is usi
         teardown_some_resource()
 
 
-    def test_foo(some_resource):
+    def test_foo(some_resource): ...
-        ...
 
 
 .. _`with-setup-nose`: https://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/testing_tools.html?highlight=with_setup#nose.tools.with_setup
@@ -500,8 +486,7 @@ Implement the :hook:`pytest_load_initial_conftests` hook instead.
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    def pytest_cmdline_preparse(config: Config, args: List[str]) -> None:
+    def pytest_cmdline_preparse(config: Config, args: List[str]) -> None: ...
-        ...
 
 
     # becomes:
@@ -509,8 +494,7 @@ Implement the :hook:`pytest_load_initial_conftests` hook instead.
 
     def pytest_load_initial_conftests(
         early_config: Config, parser: Parser, args: List[str]
-    ) -> None:
+    ) -> None: ...
-        ...
 
 
 Collection changes in pytest 8
@@ -925,8 +909,7 @@ Applying marks to values of a ``pytest.mark.parametrize`` call is now deprecated
             (50, 500),
         ],
     )
-    def test_foo(a, b):
+    def test_foo(a, b): ...
-        ...
 
 This code applies the ``pytest.mark.xfail(reason="flaky")`` mark to the ``(6, 36)`` value of the above parametrization
 call.
@@ -949,8 +932,7 @@ To update the code, use ``pytest.param``:
             (50, 500),
         ],
     )
-    def test_foo(a, b):
+    def test_foo(a, b): ...
-        ...
 
 
 .. _pytest_funcarg__ prefix deprecated:
@@ -1101,15 +1083,13 @@ This is just a matter of renaming the fixture as the API is the same:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    def test_foo(record_xml_property):
+    def test_foo(record_xml_property): ...
-        ...
 
 Change to:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    def test_foo(record_property):
+    def test_foo(record_property): ...
-        ...
 
 
 .. _passing command-line string to pytest.main deprecated:
@@ -1271,8 +1251,7 @@ Example of usage:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    class MySymbol:
+    class MySymbol: ...
-        ...
 
 
     def pytest_namespace():

doc/en/example/assertion/failure_demo.py

@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ class TestRaises:
         raise ValueError("demo error")
 
     def test_tupleerror(self):
-        a, b = [1]  # NOQA
+        a, b = [1]  # noqa: F841
 
     def test_reinterpret_fails_with_print_for_the_fun_of_it(self):
         items = [1, 2, 3]
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ class TestRaises:
         a, b = items.pop()
 
     def test_some_error(self):
-        if namenotexi:  # NOQA
+        if namenotexi:  # noqa: F821
             pass
 
     def func1(self):

doc/en/example/assertion/global_testmodule_config/conftest.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import os.path
 
 import pytest
 
+
 mydir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
 
 

doc/en/example/assertion/test_failures.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import os.path
 import shutil
 
+
 failure_demo = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "failure_demo.py")
 pytest_plugins = ("pytester",)
 

doc/en/example/multipython.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 """Module containing a parametrized tests testing cross-python serialization
 via the pickle module."""
+
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 import textwrap
@@ -32,14 +33,12 @@ class Python:
         dumpfile = self.picklefile.with_name("dump.py")
         dumpfile.write_text(
             textwrap.dedent(
-                r"""
+                rf"""
                 import pickle
-                f = open({!r}, 'wb')
+                f = open({str(self.picklefile)!r}, 'wb')
-                s = pickle.dump({!r}, f, protocol=2)
+                s = pickle.dump({obj!r}, f, protocol=2)
                 f.close()
-                """.format(
+                """
-                    str(self.picklefile), obj
-                )
             )
         )
         subprocess.run((self.pythonpath, str(dumpfile)), check=True)
@@ -48,17 +47,15 @@ class Python:
         loadfile = self.picklefile.with_name("load.py")
         loadfile.write_text(
             textwrap.dedent(
-                r"""
+                rf"""
                 import pickle
-                f = open({!r}, 'rb')
+                f = open({str(self.picklefile)!r}, 'rb')
                 obj = pickle.load(f)
                 f.close()
-                res = eval({!r})
+                res = eval({expression!r})
                 if not res:
                     raise SystemExit(1)
-                """.format(
+                """
-                    str(self.picklefile), expression
-                )
             )
         )
         print(loadfile)

doc/en/example/parametrize.rst

@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ objects, they are still using the default pytest representation:
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 8 items
 
-    <Dir parametrize.rst-189>
+    <Dir parametrize.rst-193>
       <Module test_time.py>
         <Function test_timedistance_v0[a0-b0-expected0]>
         <Function test_timedistance_v0[a1-b1-expected1]>
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ If you just collect tests you'll also nicely see 'advanced' and 'basic' as varia
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 4 items
 
-    <Dir parametrize.rst-189>
+    <Dir parametrize.rst-193>
       <Module test_scenarios.py>
         <Class TestSampleWithScenarios>
           <Function test_demo1[basic]>
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ Let's first see how it looks like at collection time:
     rootdir: /home/sweet/project
     collected 2 items
 
-    <Dir parametrize.rst-189>
+    <Dir parametrize.rst-193>
       <Module test_backends.py>
         <Function test_db_initialized[d1]>
         <Function test_db_initialized[d2]>
@@ -505,8 +505,8 @@ Running it results in some skips if we don't have all the python interpreters in
    . $ pytest -rs -q multipython.py
    ssssssssssss...ssssssssssss                                          [100%]
    ========================= short test summary info ==========================
-   SKIPPED [12] multipython.py:68: 'python3.9' not found
+   SKIPPED [12] multipython.py:65: 'python3.9' not found
-   SKIPPED [12] multipython.py:68: 'python3.11' not found
+   SKIPPED [12] multipython.py:65: 'python3.11' not found
    3 passed, 24 skipped in 0.12s
 
 Parametrization of optional implementations/imports

doc/en/example/pythoncollection.rst

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ The test collection would look like this:
     configfile: pytest.ini
     collected 2 items
 
-    <Dir pythoncollection.rst-190>
+    <Dir pythoncollection.rst-194>
       <Module check_myapp.py>
         <Class CheckMyApp>
           <Function simple_check>
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ You can always peek at the collection tree without running tests like this:
     configfile: pytest.ini
     collected 3 items
 
-    <Dir pythoncollection.rst-190>
+    <Dir pythoncollection.rst-194>
       <Dir CWD>
         <Module pythoncollection.py>
           <Function test_function>

doc/en/example/simple.rst

@@ -660,6 +660,31 @@ If we run this:
     E       assert 0
 
     test_step.py:11: AssertionError
+    ================================ XFAILURES =================================
+    ______________________ TestUserHandling.test_deletion ______________________
+
+    item = <Function test_deletion>
+
+        def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
+            if "incremental" in item.keywords:
+                # retrieve the class name of the test
+                cls_name = str(item.cls)
+                # check if a previous test has failed for this class
+                if cls_name in _test_failed_incremental:
+                    # retrieve the index of the test (if parametrize is used in combination with incremental)
+                    parametrize_index = (
+                        tuple(item.callspec.indices.values())
+                        if hasattr(item, "callspec")
+                        else ()
+                    )
+                    # retrieve the name of the first test function to fail for this class name and index
+                    test_name = _test_failed_incremental[cls_name].get(parametrize_index, None)
+                    # if name found, test has failed for the combination of class name & test name
+                    if test_name is not None:
+    >                   pytest.xfail(f"previous test failed ({test_name})")
+    E                   _pytest.outcomes.XFailed: previous test failed (test_modification)
+
+    conftest.py:47: XFailed
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
     XFAIL test_step.py::TestUserHandling::test_deletion - reason: previous test failed (test_modification)
     ================== 1 failed, 2 passed, 1 xfailed in 0.12s ==================

doc/en/example/xfail_demo.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
+
 xfail = pytest.mark.xfail
 
 

doc/en/funcarg_compare.rst

@@ -99,8 +99,7 @@ sets.  pytest-2.3 introduces a decorator for use on the factory itself:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.fixture(params=["mysql", "pg"])
-    def db(request):
+    def db(request): ...  # use request.param
-        ...  # use request.param
 
 Here the factory will be invoked twice (with the respective "mysql"
 and "pg" values set as ``request.param`` attributes) and all of
@@ -141,8 +140,7 @@ argument:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.fixture()
-    def db(request):
+    def db(request): ...
-        ...
 
 The name under which the funcarg resource can be requested is ``db``.
 
@@ -151,8 +149,7 @@ aka:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    def pytest_funcarg__db(request):
+    def pytest_funcarg__db(request): ...
-        ...
 
 
 But it is then not possible to define scoping and parametrization.

doc/en/getting-started.rst

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Install ``pytest``
 .. code-block:: bash
 
     $ pytest --version
-    pytest 8.0.0rc1
+    pytest 8.0.1
 
 .. _`simpletest`:
 

doc/en/historical-notes.rst

@@ -227,8 +227,7 @@ to use strings:
 
 
     @pytest.mark.skipif("sys.version_info >= (3,3)")
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 During test function setup the skipif condition is evaluated by calling
 ``eval('sys.version_info >= (3,0)', namespace)``.  The namespace contains
@@ -262,8 +261,7 @@ configuration value which you might have added:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.skipif("not config.getvalue('db')")
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 The equivalent with "boolean conditions" is:
 

doc/en/how-to/assert.rst

@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ method to test for exceptions returned as part of an :class:`ExceptionGroup`:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     def test_exception_in_group():
-        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as excinfo:
+        with pytest.raises(ExceptionGroup) as excinfo:
             raise ExceptionGroup(
                 "Group message",
                 [
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ exception at a specific level; exceptions contained directly in the top
 .. code-block:: python
 
     def test_exception_in_group_at_given_depth():
-        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as excinfo:
+        with pytest.raises(ExceptionGroup) as excinfo:
             raise ExceptionGroup(
                 "Group message",
                 [

doc/en/how-to/fixtures.rst

@@ -1418,7 +1418,7 @@ Running the above tests results in the following test IDs being used:
    rootdir: /home/sweet/project
    collected 12 items
 
-   <Dir fixtures.rst-208>
+   <Dir fixtures.rst-212>
      <Module test_anothersmtp.py>
        <Function test_showhelo[smtp.gmail.com]>
        <Function test_showhelo[mail.python.org]>
@@ -1721,8 +1721,7 @@ You can specify multiple fixtures like this:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.usefixtures("cleandir", "anotherfixture")
-    def test():
+    def test(): ...
-        ...
 
 and you may specify fixture usage at the test module level using :globalvar:`pytestmark`:
 
@@ -1750,8 +1749,7 @@ into an ini-file:
 
         @pytest.mark.usefixtures("my_other_fixture")
         @pytest.fixture
-        def my_fixture_that_sadly_wont_use_my_other_fixture():
+        def my_fixture_that_sadly_wont_use_my_other_fixture(): ...
-            ...
 
     This generates a deprecation warning, and will become an error in Pytest 8.
 

doc/en/how-to/logging.rst

@@ -206,8 +206,9 @@ option names are:
 * ``log_cli_date_format``
 
 If you need to record the whole test suite logging calls to a file, you can pass
-``--log-file=/path/to/log/file``. This log file is opened in write mode which
+``--log-file=/path/to/log/file``. This log file is opened in write mode by default which
 means that it will be overwritten at each run tests session.
+If you'd like the file opened in append mode instead, then you can pass ``--log-file-mode=a``.
 Note that relative paths for the log-file location, whether passed on the CLI or declared in a
 config file, are always resolved relative to the current working directory.
 
@@ -223,12 +224,13 @@ All of the log file options can also be set in the configuration INI file. The
 option names are:
 
 * ``log_file``
+* ``log_file_mode``
 * ``log_file_level``
 * ``log_file_format``
 * ``log_file_date_format``
 
 You can call ``set_log_path()`` to customize the log_file path dynamically. This functionality
-is considered **experimental**.
+is considered **experimental**. Note that ``set_log_path()`` respects the ``log_file_mode`` option.
 
 .. _log_colors:
 

doc/en/how-to/output.rst

@@ -406,10 +406,19 @@ Example:
     E       assert 0
 
     test_example.py:14: AssertionError
+    ================================ XFAILURES =================================
+    ________________________________ test_xfail ________________________________
+
+        def test_xfail():
+    >       pytest.xfail("xfailing this test")
+    E       _pytest.outcomes.XFailed: xfailing this test
+
+    test_example.py:26: XFailed
+    ================================= XPASSES ==================================
     ========================= short test summary info ==========================
     SKIPPED [1] test_example.py:22: skipping this test
     XFAIL test_example.py::test_xfail - reason: xfailing this test
-    XPASS test_example.py::test_xpass always xfail
+    XPASS test_example.py::test_xpass - always xfail
     ERROR test_example.py::test_error - assert 0
     FAILED test_example.py::test_fail - assert 0
     == 1 failed, 1 passed, 1 skipped, 1 xfailed, 1 xpassed, 1 error in 0.12s ===

doc/en/how-to/skipping.rst

@@ -47,8 +47,7 @@ which may be passed an optional ``reason``:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.skip(reason="no way of currently testing this")
-    def test_the_unknown():
+    def test_the_unknown(): ...
-        ...
 
 
 Alternatively, it is also possible to skip imperatively during test execution or setup
@@ -93,8 +92,7 @@ when run on an interpreter earlier than Python3.10:
 
 
     @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 10), reason="requires python3.10 or higher")
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 If the condition evaluates to ``True`` during collection, the test function will be skipped,
 with the specified reason appearing in the summary when using ``-rs``.
@@ -112,8 +110,7 @@ You can share ``skipif`` markers between modules.  Consider this test module:
 
 
     @minversion
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 You can import the marker and reuse it in another test module:
 
@@ -124,8 +121,7 @@ You can import the marker and reuse it in another test module:
 
 
     @minversion
-    def test_anotherfunction():
+    def test_anotherfunction(): ...
-        ...
 
 For larger test suites it's usually a good idea to have one file
 where you define the markers which you then consistently apply
@@ -232,8 +228,7 @@ expect a test to fail:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 This test will run but no traceback will be reported when it fails. Instead, terminal
 reporting will list it in the "expected to fail" (``XFAIL``) or "unexpectedly
@@ -275,8 +270,7 @@ that condition as the first parameter:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(sys.platform == "win32", reason="bug in a 3rd party library")
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 Note that you have to pass a reason as well (see the parameter description at
 :ref:`pytest.mark.xfail ref`).
@@ -289,8 +283,7 @@ You can specify the motive of an expected failure with the ``reason`` parameter:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="known parser issue")
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 
 ``raises`` parameter
@@ -302,8 +295,7 @@ a single exception, or a tuple of exceptions, in the ``raises`` argument.
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(raises=RuntimeError)
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 Then the test will be reported as a regular failure if it fails with an
 exception not mentioned in ``raises``.
@@ -317,8 +309,7 @@ even executed, use the ``run`` parameter as ``False``:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(run=False)
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 This is specially useful for xfailing tests that are crashing the interpreter and should be
 investigated later.
@@ -334,8 +325,7 @@ You can change this by setting the ``strict`` keyword-only parameter to ``True``
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(strict=True)
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 
 This will make ``XPASS`` ("unexpectedly passing") results from this test to fail the test suite.

doc/en/how-to/tmp_path.rst

@@ -8,9 +8,8 @@ How to use temporary directories and files in tests
 The ``tmp_path`` fixture
 ------------------------
 
-You can use the ``tmp_path`` fixture which will
+You can use the ``tmp_path`` fixture which will provide a temporary directory
-provide a temporary directory unique to the current test,
+unique to each test function.
-created in the `base temporary directory`_.
 
 ``tmp_path`` is a :class:`pathlib.Path` object. Here is an example test usage:
 
@@ -62,6 +61,11 @@ Running this would result in a passed test except for the last
     FAILED test_tmp_path.py::test_create_file - assert 0
     ============================ 1 failed in 0.12s =============================
 
+By default, ``pytest`` retains the temporary directory for the last 3 ``pytest``
+invocations. Concurrent invocations of the same test function are supported by
+configuring the base temporary directory to be unique for each concurrent
+run. See `temporary directory location and retention`_ for details.
+
 .. _`tmp_path_factory example`:
 
 The ``tmp_path_factory`` fixture
@@ -100,7 +104,7 @@ See :ref:`tmp_path_factory API <tmp_path_factory factory api>` for details.
 .. _tmpdir:
 
 The ``tmpdir`` and ``tmpdir_factory`` fixtures
----------------------------------------------------
+----------------------------------------------
 
 The ``tmpdir`` and ``tmpdir_factory`` fixtures are similar to ``tmp_path``
 and ``tmp_path_factory``, but use/return legacy `py.path.local`_ objects
@@ -124,10 +128,10 @@ See :fixture:`tmpdir <tmpdir>` :fixture:`tmpdir_factory <tmpdir_factory>`
 API for details.
 
 
-.. _`base temporary directory`:
+.. _`temporary directory location and retention`:
 
-The default base temporary directory
+Temporary directory location and retention
------------------------------------------------
+------------------------------------------
 
 Temporary directories are by default created as sub-directories of
 the system temporary directory.  The base name will be ``pytest-NUM`` where
@@ -152,7 +156,7 @@ You can override the default temporary directory setting like this:
     for that purpose only.
 
 When distributing tests on the local machine using ``pytest-xdist``, care is taken to
-automatically configure a basetemp directory for the sub processes such that all temporary
+automatically configure a `basetemp` directory for the sub processes such that all temporary
-data lands below a single per-test run basetemp directory.
+data lands below a single per-test run temporary directory.
 
 .. _`py.path.local`: https://py.readthedocs.io/en/latest/path.html

doc/en/how-to/writing_plugins.rst

@@ -46,24 +46,18 @@ Plugin discovery order at tool startup
 
 5. by loading all plugins specified through the :envvar:`PYTEST_PLUGINS` environment variable.
 
-6. by loading all :file:`conftest.py` files as inferred by the command line
+6. by loading all "initial ":file:`conftest.py` files:
-   invocation:
 
-   - if no test paths are specified, use the current dir as a test path
+   - determine the test paths: specified on the command line, otherwise in
-   - if exists, load ``conftest.py`` and ``test*/conftest.py`` relative
+     :confval:`testpaths` if defined and running from the rootdir, otherwise the
-     to the directory part of the first test path. After the ``conftest.py``
+     current dir
-     file is loaded, load all plugins specified in its
+   - for each test path, load ``conftest.py`` and ``test*/conftest.py`` relative
-     :globalvar:`pytest_plugins` variable if present.
+     to the directory part of the test path, if exist. Before a ``conftest.py``
-
+     file is loaded, load ``conftest.py`` files in all of its parent directories.
-   Note that pytest does not find ``conftest.py`` files in deeper nested
+     After a ``conftest.py`` file is loaded, recursively load all plugins specified
-   sub directories at tool startup.  It is usually a good idea to keep
+     in its :globalvar:`pytest_plugins` variable if present.
-   your ``conftest.py`` file in the top level test or project root directory.
-
-7. by recursively loading all plugins specified by the
-   :globalvar:`pytest_plugins` variable in ``conftest.py`` files.
 
 
-.. _`pytest/plugin`: http://bitbucket.org/pytest-dev/pytest/src/tip/pytest/plugin/
 .. _`conftest.py plugins`:
 .. _`localplugin`:
 .. _`local conftest plugins`:
@@ -108,9 +102,9 @@ Here is how you might run it::
     See also: :ref:`pythonpath`.
 
 .. note::
-    Some hooks should be implemented only in plugins or conftest.py files situated at the
+    Some hooks cannot be implemented in conftest.py files which are not
-    tests root directory due to how pytest discovers plugins during startup,
+    :ref:`initial <pluginorder>` due to how pytest discovers plugins during
-    see the documentation of each hook for details.
+    startup. See the documentation of each hook for details.
 
 Writing your own plugin
 -----------------------

doc/en/index.rst

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 :orphan:
 
-.. sidebar:: Next Open Trainings
+.. sidebar:: Next Open Trainings and Events
 
-   - `Professional Testing with Python <https://python-academy.com/courses/python_course_testing.html>`_, via `Python Academy <https://www.python-academy.com/>`_, **March 5th to 7th 2024** (3 day in-depth training), **Leipzig, Germany / Remote**
+   - `Professional Testing with Python <https://python-academy.com/courses/python_course_testing.html>`_, via `Python Academy <https://www.python-academy.com/>`_ (3 day in-depth training):
+      * **June 11th to 13th 2024**, Remote
+      * **March 4th to 6th 2025**, Leipzig, Germany / Remote
+   - `pytest development sprint <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/discussions/11655>`_, June 2024 (`date poll <https://nuudel.digitalcourage.de/2tEsEpRcwMNcAXVO>`_)
 
    Also see :doc:`previous talks and blogposts <talks>`.
 

doc/en/reference/customize.rst

@@ -177,13 +177,20 @@ Files will only be matched for configuration if:
 * ``tox.ini``: contains a ``[pytest]`` section.
 * ``setup.cfg``: contains a ``[tool:pytest]`` section.
 
+Finally, a ``pyproject.toml`` file will be considered the ``configfile`` if no other match was found, in this case
+even if it does not contain a ``[tool.pytest.ini_options]`` table (this was added in ``8.1``).
+
 The files are considered in the order above. Options from multiple ``configfiles`` candidates
 are never merged - the first match wins.
 
+The configuration file also determines the value of the ``rootpath``.
+
 The :class:`Config <pytest.Config>` object (accessible via hooks or through the :fixture:`pytestconfig` fixture)
 will subsequently carry these attributes:
 
-- :attr:`config.rootpath <pytest.Config.rootpath>`: the determined root directory, guaranteed to exist.
+- :attr:`config.rootpath <pytest.Config.rootpath>`: the determined root directory, guaranteed to exist. It is used as
+  a reference directory for constructing test addresses ("nodeids") and can be used also by plugins for storing
+  per-testrun information.
 
 - :attr:`config.inipath <pytest.Config.inipath>`: the determined ``configfile``, may be ``None``
   (it is named ``inipath`` for historical reasons).
@@ -193,9 +200,7 @@ will subsequently carry these attributes:
     versions of the older ``config.rootdir`` and ``config.inifile``, which have type
     ``py.path.local``, and still exist for backward compatibility.
 
-The ``rootdir`` is used as a reference directory for constructing test
+
-addresses ("nodeids") and can be used also by plugins for storing
-per-testrun information.
 
 Example:
 

doc/en/reference/reference.rst

@@ -164,8 +164,7 @@ Add warning filters to marked test items.
         .. code-block:: python
 
             @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:.*usage will be deprecated.*:DeprecationWarning")
-            def test_foo():
+            def test_foo(): ...
-                ...
 
 
 .. _`pytest.mark.parametrize ref`:
@@ -276,8 +275,7 @@ For example:
 .. code-block:: python
 
     @pytest.mark.timeout(10, "slow", method="thread")
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 Will create and attach a :class:`Mark <pytest.Mark>` object to the collected
 :class:`Item <pytest.Item>`, which can then be accessed by fixtures or hooks with
@@ -294,8 +292,7 @@ Example for using multiple custom markers:
 
     @pytest.mark.timeout(10, "slow", method="thread")
     @pytest.mark.slow
-    def test_function():
+    def test_function(): ...
-        ...
 
 When :meth:`Node.iter_markers <_pytest.nodes.Node.iter_markers>` or :meth:`Node.iter_markers_with_node <_pytest.nodes.Node.iter_markers_with_node>` is used with multiple markers, the marker closest to the function will be iterated over first. The above example will result in ``@pytest.mark.slow`` followed by ``@pytest.mark.timeout(...)``.
 
@@ -2044,7 +2041,7 @@ All the command-line flags can be obtained by running ``pytest --help``::
                             failure
       --doctest-glob=pat    Doctests file matching pattern, default: test*.txt
       --doctest-ignore-import-errors
-                            Ignore doctest ImportErrors
+                            Ignore doctest collection errors
       --doctest-continue-on-failure
                             For a given doctest, continue to run after the first
                             failure

doc/en/requirements.txt

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ pallets-sphinx-themes
 pluggy>=1.2.0
 pygments-pytest>=2.3.0
 sphinx-removed-in>=0.2.0
-sphinx>=5,<8
+sphinx>=7
 sphinxcontrib-trio
 sphinxcontrib-svg2pdfconverter
 # Pin packaging because it no longer handles 'latest' version, which

extra/get_issues.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 
 import requests
 
+
 issues_url = "https://api.github.com/repos/pytest-dev/pytest/issues"
 
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,13 +1,178 @@
-[build-system]
+[project]
-requires = [
+name = "pytest"
-  "setuptools>=45.0",
+description = "pytest: simple powerful testing with Python"
-  "setuptools-scm[toml]>=6.2.3",
+readme = "README.rst"
+keywords = [
+    "test",
+    "unittest",
 ]
+license = {text = "MIT"}
+authors = [
+    {name = "Holger Krekel"},
+    {name = "Bruno Oliveira"},
+    {name = "Ronny Pfannschmidt"},
+    {name = "Floris Bruynooghe"},
+    {name = "Brianna Laugher"},
+    {name = "Florian Bruhin"},
+    {name = "Others (See AUTHORS)"},
+]
+requires-python = ">=3.8"
+classifiers = [
+    "Development Status :: 6 - Mature",
+    "Intended Audience :: Developers",
+    "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License",
+    "Operating System :: MacOS",
+    "Operating System :: Microsoft :: Windows",
+    "Operating System :: POSIX",
+    "Operating System :: Unix",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
+    "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries",
+    "Topic :: Software Development :: Testing",
+    "Topic :: Utilities",
+]
+dynamic = [
+    "version",
+]
+dependencies = [
+    'colorama; sys_platform == "win32"',
+    'exceptiongroup>=1.0.0rc8; python_version < "3.11"',
+    "iniconfig",
+    "packaging",
+    "pluggy<2.0,>=1.4",
+    'tomli>=1; python_version < "3.11"',
+]
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+testing = [
+    "argcomplete",
+    "attrs>=19.2",
+    "hypothesis>=3.56",
+    "mock",
+    "pygments>=2.7.2",
+    "requests",
+    "setuptools",
+    "xmlschema",
+]
+[project.urls]
+Changelog = "https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html"
+Homepage = "https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/"
+Source = "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest"
+Tracker = "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues"
+Twitter = "https://twitter.com/pytestdotorg"
+[project.scripts]
+"py.test" = "pytest:console_main"
+pytest = "pytest:console_main"
+
+[build-system]
 build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+requires = [
+    "setuptools>=61",
+    "setuptools-scm[toml]>=6.2.3",
+]
+
+[tool.setuptools.package-data]
+"_pytest" = ["py.typed"]
+"pytest" = ["py.typed"]
 
 [tool.setuptools_scm]
 write_to = "src/_pytest/_version.py"
 
+[tool.black]
+target-version = ['py38']
+
+[tool.ruff]
+src = ["src"]
+line-length = 88
+
+[tool.ruff.format]
+docstring-code-format = true
+
+[tool.ruff.lint]
+select = [
+    "B",  # bugbear
+    "D",  # pydocstyle
+    "E",  # pycodestyle
+    "F",  # pyflakes
+    "I",  # isort
+    "PYI", # flake8-pyi
+    "UP", # pyupgrade
+    "RUF", # ruff
+    "W",  # pycodestyle
+    "PIE", # flake8-pie
+    "PGH004", # pygrep-hooks - Use specific rule codes when using noqa
+    "PLE", # pylint error
+    "PLW", # pylint warning
+    "PLR1714", # Consider merging multiple comparisons
+]
+ignore = [
+    # bugbear ignore
+    "B004", # Using `hasattr(x, "__call__")` to test if x is callable is unreliable.
+    "B007", # Loop control variable `i` not used within loop body
+    "B009", # Do not call `getattr` with a constant attribute value
+    "B010", # [*] Do not call `setattr` with a constant attribute value.
+    "B011", # Do not `assert False` (`python -O` removes these calls)
+    "B028", # No explicit `stacklevel` keyword argument found
+    # pycodestyle ignore
+    # pytest can do weird low-level things, and we usually know
+    # what we're doing when we use type(..) is ...
+    "E721", # Do not compare types, use `isinstance()`
+    # pydocstyle ignore
+    "D100", # Missing docstring in public module
+    "D101", # Missing docstring in public class
+    "D102", # Missing docstring in public method
+    "D103", # Missing docstring in public function
+    "D104", # Missing docstring in public package
+    "D105", # Missing docstring in magic method
+    "D106", # Missing docstring in public nested class
+    "D107", # Missing docstring in `__init__`
+    "D209", # [*] Multi-line docstring closing quotes should be on a separate line
+    "D205", # 1 blank line required between summary line and description
+    "D400", # First line should end with a period
+    "D401", # First line of docstring should be in imperative mood
+    "D402", # First line should not be the function's signature
+    "D404", # First word of the docstring should not be "This"
+    "D415", # First line should end with a period, question mark, or exclamation point
+    # ruff ignore
+    "RUF012", # Mutable class attributes should be annotated with `typing.ClassVar`
+    # pylint ignore
+    "PLW0603",  # Using the global statement
+    "PLW0120",  # remove the else and dedent its contents
+    "PLW2901",  # for loop variable overwritten by assignment target
+    "PLR5501",  # Use `elif` instead of `else` then `if`
+]
+
+[tool.ruff.lint.pycodestyle]
+# In order to be able to format for 88 char in ruff format
+max-line-length = 120
+
+[tool.ruff.lint.pydocstyle]
+convention = "pep257"
+
+[tool.ruff.lint.isort]
+force-single-line = true
+combine-as-imports = true
+force-sort-within-sections = true
+order-by-type = false
+known-local-folder = ["pytest", "_pytest"]
+lines-after-imports = 2
+
+[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
+"src/_pytest/_py/**/*.py" = ["B", "PYI"]
+"src/_pytest/_version.py" = ["I001"]
+"testing/python/approx.py" = ["B015"]
+
+[tool.check-wheel-contents]
+# check-wheel-contents is executed by the build-and-inspect-python-package action.
+# W009: Wheel contains multiple toplevel library entries
+ignore = "W009"
+
+[tool.pyproject-fmt]
+indent = 4
+
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
 minversion = "2.0"
 addopts = "-rfEX -p pytester --strict-markers"
@@ -67,7 +232,6 @@ markers = [
     "uses_pexpect",
 ]
 
-
 [tool.towncrier]
 package = "pytest"
 package_dir = "src"
@@ -116,10 +280,16 @@ template = "changelog/_template.rst"
   name = "Trivial/Internal Changes"
   showcontent = true
 
-[tool.black]
+[tool.mypy]
-target-version = ['py38']
+mypy_path = ["src"]
-
+check_untyped_defs = true
-# check-wheel-contents is executed by the build-and-inspect-python-package action.
+disallow_any_generics = true
-[tool.check-wheel-contents]
+disallow_untyped_defs = true
-# W009: Wheel contains multiple toplevel library entries
+ignore_missing_imports = true
-ignore = "W009"
+show_error_codes = true
+strict_equality = true
+warn_redundant_casts = true
+warn_return_any = true
+warn_unreachable = true
+warn_unused_configs = true
+no_implicit_reexport = true

scripts/generate-gh-release-notes.py

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ our CHANGELOG) into Markdown (which is required by GitHub Releases).
 
 Requires Python3.6+.
 """
+from pathlib import Path
 import re
 import sys
-from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Sequence
 
 import pypandoc

scripts/prepare-release-pr.py

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ After that, it will create a release using the `release` tox environment, and pu
 `pytest bot <pytestbot@gmail.com>` commit author.
 """
 import argparse
-import re
 from pathlib import Path
+import re
 from subprocess import check_call
 from subprocess import check_output
 from subprocess import run
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def prepare_release_pr(
         )
     except InvalidFeatureRelease as e:
         print(f"{Fore.RED}{e}")
-        raise SystemExit(1)
+        raise SystemExit(1) from None
 
     print(f"Version: {Fore.CYAN}{version}")
 

scripts/release.py

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def pre_release(
 
 def changelog(version: str, write_out: bool = False) -> None:
     addopts = [] if write_out else ["--draft"]
-    check_call(["towncrier", "--yes", "--version", version] + addopts)
+    check_call(["towncrier", "--yes", "--version", version, *addopts])
 
 
 def main() -> None:

scripts/towncrier-draft-to-file.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # mypy: disallow-untyped-defs
-import sys
 from subprocess import call
+import sys
 
 
 def main() -> int:

scripts/update-plugin-list.py

@@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ from typing import TypedDict
 
 import packaging.version
 import platformdirs
-import tabulate
-import wcwidth
 from requests_cache import CachedResponse
 from requests_cache import CachedSession
 from requests_cache import OriginalResponse
 from requests_cache import SQLiteCache
+import tabulate
 from tqdm import tqdm
+import wcwidth
 
 
 FILE_HEAD = r"""
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Pytest Plugin List
 ==================
 
 Below is an automated compilation of ``pytest``` plugins available on `PyPI <https://pypi.org>`_.
-It includes PyPI projects whose names begin with "pytest-" and a handful of manually selected projects.
+It includes PyPI projects whose names begin with "pytest-" or "pytest_" and a handful of manually selected projects.
 Packages classified as inactive are excluded.
 
 For detailed insights into how this list is generated,
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ DEVELOPMENT_STATUS_CLASSIFIERS = (
 )
 ADDITIONAL_PROJECTS = {  # set of additional projects to consider as plugins
     "logassert",
+    "logot",
     "nuts",
     "flask_fixture",
 }
@@ -86,7 +87,6 @@ def project_response_with_refresh(
 
     force refresh in case of last serial mismatch
     """
-
     response = session.get(f"https://pypi.org/pypi/{name}/json")
     if int(response.headers.get("X-PyPI-Last-Serial", -1)) != last_serial:
         response = session.get(f"https://pypi.org/pypi/{name}/json", refresh=True)
@@ -110,7 +110,10 @@ def pytest_plugin_projects_from_pypi(session: CachedSession) -> dict[str, int]:
     return {
         name: p["_last-serial"]
         for p in response.json()["projects"]
-        if (name := p["name"]).startswith("pytest-") or name in ADDITIONAL_PROJECTS
+        if (
+            (name := p["name"]).startswith(("pytest-", "pytest_"))
+            or name in ADDITIONAL_PROJECTS
+        )
     }
 
 
@@ -185,7 +188,6 @@ def iter_plugins() -> Iterator[PluginInfo]:
 
 def plugin_definitions(plugins: Iterable[PluginInfo]) -> Iterator[str]:
     """Return RST for the plugin list that fits better on a vertical page."""
-
     for plugin in plugins:
         yield dedent(
             f"""
@@ -210,7 +212,7 @@ def main() -> None:
         f.write(f"This list contains {len(plugins)} plugins.\n\n")
         f.write(".. only:: not latex\n\n")
 
-        wcwidth  # reference library that must exist for tabulate to work
+        _ = wcwidth  # reference library that must exist for tabulate to work
         plugin_table = tabulate.tabulate(plugins, headers="keys", tablefmt="rst")
         f.write(indent(plugin_table, "   "))
         f.write("\n\n")

setup.cfg

@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
-[metadata]
-name = pytest
-description = pytest: simple powerful testing with Python
-long_description = file: README.rst
-long_description_content_type = text/x-rst
-url = https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/
-author = Holger Krekel, Bruno Oliveira, Ronny Pfannschmidt, Floris Bruynooghe, Brianna Laugher, Florian Bruhin and others
-license = MIT
-license_files = LICENSE
-platforms = unix, linux, osx, cygwin, win32
-classifiers =
-    Development Status :: 6 - Mature
-    Intended Audience :: Developers
-    License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
-    Operating System :: MacOS :: MacOS X
-    Operating System :: Microsoft :: Windows
-    Operating System :: POSIX
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12
-    Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries
-    Topic :: Software Development :: Testing
-    Topic :: Utilities
-keywords = test, unittest
-project_urls =
-    Changelog=https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/changelog.html
-    Twitter=https://twitter.com/pytestdotorg
-    Source=https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest
-    Tracker=https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues
-
-[options]
-packages =
-    _pytest
-    _pytest._code
-    _pytest._io
-    _pytest._py
-    _pytest.assertion
-    _pytest.config
-    _pytest.mark
-    pytest
-py_modules = py
-install_requires =
-    iniconfig
-    packaging
-    pluggy>=1.3.0,<2.0
-    colorama;sys_platform=="win32"
-    exceptiongroup>=1.0.0rc8;python_version<"3.11"
-    tomli>=1.0.0;python_version<"3.11"
-python_requires = >=3.8
-package_dir =
-    =src
-setup_requires =
-    setuptools
-    setuptools-scm>=6.0
-zip_safe = no
-
-[options.entry_points]
-console_scripts =
-    pytest=pytest:console_main
-    py.test=pytest:console_main
-
-[options.extras_require]
-testing =
-    argcomplete
-    attrs>=19.2.0
-    hypothesis>=3.56
-    mock
-    pygments>=2.7.2
-    requests
-    setuptools
-    xmlschema
-
-[options.package_data]
-_pytest = py.typed
-pytest = py.typed
-
-[build_sphinx]
-source_dir = doc/en/
-build_dir = doc/build
-all_files = 1
-
-[check-manifest]
-ignore =
-    src/_pytest/_version.py
-
-[devpi:upload]
-formats = sdist.tgz,bdist_wheel
-
-[mypy]
-mypy_path = src
-check_untyped_defs = True
-disallow_any_generics = True
-ignore_missing_imports = True
-show_error_codes = True
-strict_equality = True
-warn_redundant_casts = True
-warn_return_any = True
-warn_unreachable = True
-warn_unused_configs = True
-no_implicit_reexport = True

src/_pytest/__init__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 __all__ = ["__version__", "version_tuple"]
 
 try:
-    from ._version import version as __version__, version_tuple
+    from ._version import version as __version__
+    from ._version import version_tuple
 except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
     # broken installation, we don't even try
     # unknown only works because we do poor mans version compare

src/_pytest/_argcomplete.py

@@ -61,10 +61,11 @@ If things do not work right away:
   which should throw a KeyError: 'COMPLINE' (which is properly set by the
   global argcomplete script).
 """
+
 import argparse
+from glob import glob
 import os
 import sys
-from glob import glob
 from typing import Any
 from typing import List
 from typing import Optional

src/_pytest/_code/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Python inspection/code generation API."""
+
 from .code import Code
 from .code import ExceptionInfo
 from .code import filter_traceback
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ from .code import TracebackEntry
 from .source import getrawcode
 from .source import Source
 
+
 __all__ = [
     "Code",
     "ExceptionInfo",

src/_pytest/_code/code.py

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 import ast
 import dataclasses
 import inspect
-import os
-import re
-import sys
-import traceback
 from inspect import CO_VARARGS
 from inspect import CO_VARKEYWORDS
 from io import StringIO
+import os
 from pathlib import Path
+import re
+import sys
+import traceback
 from traceback import format_exception_only
 from types import CodeType
 from types import FrameType
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ from _pytest.deprecated import check_ispytest
 from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
 from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
 
+
 if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 11):
     from exceptiongroup import BaseExceptionGroup
 
@@ -486,9 +488,10 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
 
         .. versionadded:: 7.4
         """
-        assert (
+        assert exception.__traceback__, (
-            exception.__traceback__
+            "Exceptions passed to ExcInfo.from_exception(...)"
-        ), "Exceptions passed to ExcInfo.from_exception(...) must have a non-None __traceback__."
+            " must have a non-None __traceback__."
+        )
         exc_info = (type(exception), exception, exception.__traceback__)
         return cls.from_exc_info(exc_info, exprinfo)
 
@@ -587,9 +590,7 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         if self._excinfo is None:
             return "<ExceptionInfo for raises contextmanager>"
-        return "<{} {} tblen={}>".format(
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} {saferepr(self._excinfo[1])} tblen={len(self.traceback)}>"
-            self.__class__.__name__, saferepr(self._excinfo[1]), len(self.traceback)
-        )
 
     def exconly(self, tryshort: bool = False) -> str:
         """Return the exception as a string.
@@ -698,10 +699,21 @@ class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
         return fmt.repr_excinfo(self)
 
     def _stringify_exception(self, exc: BaseException) -> str:
+        try:
+            notes = getattr(exc, "__notes__", [])
+        except KeyError:
+            # Workaround for https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/98778 on
+            # Python <= 3.9, and some 3.10 and 3.11 patch versions.
+            HTTPError = getattr(sys.modules.get("urllib.error", None), "HTTPError", ())
+            if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 11) and isinstance(exc, HTTPError):
+                notes = []
+            else:
+                raise
+
         return "\n".join(
             [
                 str(exc),
-                *getattr(exc, "__notes__", []),
+                *notes,
             ]
         )
 
@@ -1006,13 +1018,8 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
             extraline: Optional[str] = (
                 "!!! Recursion error detected, but an error occurred locating the origin of recursion.\n"
                 "  The following exception happened when comparing locals in the stack frame:\n"
-                "    {exc_type}: {exc_msg}\n"
+                f"    {type(e).__name__}: {e!s}\n"
-                "  Displaying first and last {max_frames} stack frames out of {total}."
+                f"  Displaying first and last {max_frames} stack frames out of {len(traceback)}."
-            ).format(
-                exc_type=type(e).__name__,
-                exc_msg=str(e),
-                max_frames=max_frames,
-                total=len(traceback),
             )
             # Type ignored because adding two instances of a List subtype
             # currently incorrectly has type List instead of the subtype.
@@ -1219,7 +1226,6 @@ class ReprEntry(TerminalRepr):
         the "E" prefix) using syntax highlighting, taking care to not highlighting the ">"
         character, as doing so might break line continuations.
         """
-
         if not self.lines:
             return
 

src/_pytest/_code/source.py

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 import ast
+from bisect import bisect_right
 import inspect
 import textwrap
 import tokenize
 import types
-import warnings
-from bisect import bisect_right
 from typing import Iterable
 from typing import Iterator
 from typing import List
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ from typing import Optional
 from typing import overload
 from typing import Tuple
 from typing import Union
+import warnings
 
 
 class Source:
@@ -196,7 +197,9 @@ def getstatementrange_ast(
         # by using the BlockFinder helper used which inspect.getsource() uses itself.
         block_finder = inspect.BlockFinder()
         # If we start with an indented line, put blockfinder to "started" mode.
-        block_finder.started = source.lines[start][0].isspace()
+        block_finder.started = (
+            bool(source.lines[start]) and source.lines[start][0].isspace()
+        )
         it = ((x + "\n") for x in source.lines[start:end])
         try:
             for tok in tokenize.generate_tokens(lambda: next(it)):

src/_pytest/_io/pprint.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 # This module was imported from the cpython standard library
 # (https://github.com/python/cpython/) at commit
 # c5140945c723ae6c4b7ee81ff720ac8ea4b52cfd (python3.12).
@@ -14,9 +15,9 @@
 #  useful, thank small children who sleep at night.
 import collections as _collections
 import dataclasses as _dataclasses
+from io import StringIO as _StringIO
 import re
 import types as _types
-from io import StringIO as _StringIO
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import Dict

src/_pytest/_io/saferepr.py

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ def _format_repr_exception(exc: BaseException, obj: object) -> str:
         raise
     except BaseException as exc:
         exc_info = f"unpresentable exception ({_try_repr_or_str(exc)})"
-    return "<[{} raised in repr()] {} object at 0x{:x}>".format(
+    return (
-        exc_info, type(obj).__name__, id(obj)
+        f"<[{exc_info} raised in repr()] {type(obj).__name__} object at 0x{id(obj):x}>"
     )
 
 
@@ -108,7 +108,6 @@ def saferepr(
     This function is a wrapper around the Repr/reprlib functionality of the
     stdlib.
     """
-
     return SafeRepr(maxsize, use_ascii).repr(obj)
 
 

src/_pytest/_io/terminalwriter.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Helper functions for writing to terminals and files."""
+
 import os
 import shutil
 import sys
@@ -183,9 +184,7 @@ class TerminalWriter:
         """
         if indents and len(indents) != len(lines):
             raise ValueError(
-                "indents size ({}) should have same size as lines ({})".format(
+                f"indents size ({len(indents)}) should have same size as lines ({len(lines)})"
-                    len(indents), len(lines)
-                )
             )
         if not indents:
             indents = [""] * len(lines)
@@ -233,17 +232,17 @@ class TerminalWriter:
                 # which may lead to the previous color being propagated to the
                 # start of the expression, so reset first.
                 return "\x1b[0m" + highlighted
-            except pygments.util.ClassNotFound:
+            except pygments.util.ClassNotFound as e:
                 raise UsageError(
                     "PYTEST_THEME environment variable had an invalid value: '{}'. "
                     "Only valid pygment styles are allowed.".format(
                         os.getenv("PYTEST_THEME")
                     )
-                )
+                ) from e
-            except pygments.util.OptionError:
+            except pygments.util.OptionError as e:
                 raise UsageError(
                     "PYTEST_THEME_MODE environment variable had an invalid value: '{}'. "
                     "The only allowed values are 'dark' and 'light'.".format(
                         os.getenv("PYTEST_THEME_MODE")
                     )
-                )
+                ) from e

src/_pytest/_io/wcwidth.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-import unicodedata
 from functools import lru_cache
+import unicodedata
 
 
 @lru_cache(100)

src/_pytest/_py/error.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """create errno-specific classes for IO or os calls."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import errno
@@ -8,6 +9,7 @@ from typing import Callable
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import TypeVar
 
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from typing_extensions import ParamSpec
 

src/_pytest/_py/path.py

@@ -1,16 +1,13 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """local path implementation."""
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import atexit
+from contextlib import contextmanager
 import fnmatch
 import importlib.util
 import io
 import os
-import posixpath
-import sys
-import uuid
-import warnings
-from contextlib import contextmanager
 from os.path import abspath
 from os.path import dirname
 from os.path import exists
@@ -19,18 +16,23 @@ from os.path import isdir
 from os.path import isfile
 from os.path import islink
 from os.path import normpath
+import posixpath
 from stat import S_ISDIR
 from stat import S_ISLNK
 from stat import S_ISREG
+import sys
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import cast
 from typing import Literal
 from typing import overload
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+import uuid
+import warnings
 
 from . import error
 
+
 # Moved from local.py.
 iswin32 = sys.platform == "win32" or (getattr(os, "_name", False) == "nt")
 
@@ -450,7 +452,7 @@ class LocalPath:
 
     def ensure_dir(self, *args):
         """Ensure the path joined with args is a directory."""
-        return self.ensure(*args, **{"dir": True})
+        return self.ensure(*args, dir=True)
 
     def bestrelpath(self, dest):
         """Return a string which is a relative path from self
@@ -675,7 +677,7 @@ class LocalPath:
         else:
             kw.setdefault("dirname", dirname)
         kw.setdefault("sep", self.sep)
-        obj.strpath = normpath("%(dirname)s%(sep)s%(basename)s" % kw)
+        obj.strpath = normpath("{dirname}{sep}{basename}".format(**kw))
         return obj
 
     def _getbyspec(self, spec: str) -> list[str]:
@@ -760,7 +762,10 @@ class LocalPath:
             #   expected "Callable[[str, Any, Any], TextIOWrapper]"  [arg-type]
             # Which seems incorrect, given io.open supports the given argument types.
             return error.checked_call(
-                io.open, self.strpath, mode, encoding=encoding  # type:ignore[arg-type]
+                io.open,
+                self.strpath,
+                mode,
+                encoding=encoding,  # type:ignore[arg-type]
             )
         return error.checked_call(open, self.strpath, mode)
 
@@ -779,11 +784,11 @@ class LocalPath:
 
         valid checkers::
 
-            file=1    # is a file
+            file = 1  # is a file
-            file=0    # is not a file (may not even exist)
+            file = 0  # is not a file (may not even exist)
-            dir=1     # is a dir
+            dir = 1  # is a dir
-            link=1    # is a link
+            link = 1  # is a link
-            exists=1  # exists
+            exists = 1  # exists
 
         You can specify multiple checker definitions, for example::
 
@@ -1100,9 +1105,7 @@ class LocalPath:
                 modname = self.purebasename
             spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(modname, str(self))
             if spec is None or spec.loader is None:
-                raise ImportError(
+                raise ImportError(f"Can't find module {modname} at location {self!s}")
-                    f"Can't find module {modname} at location {str(self)}"
-                )
             mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
             spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
             return mod
@@ -1167,7 +1170,8 @@ class LocalPath:
         where the 'self' path points to executable.
         The process is directly invoked and not through a system shell.
         """
-        from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
+        from subprocess import PIPE
+        from subprocess import Popen
 
         popen_opts.pop("stdout", None)
         popen_opts.pop("stderr", None)
@@ -1277,7 +1281,8 @@ class LocalPath:
         # error: Argument 1 has incompatible type overloaded function; expected "Callable[[str], str]"  [arg-type]
         # Which seems incorrect, given tempfile.mkdtemp supports the given argument types.
         path = error.checked_call(
-            tempfile.mkdtemp, dir=str(rootdir)  # type:ignore[arg-type]
+            tempfile.mkdtemp,
+            dir=str(rootdir),  # type:ignore[arg-type]
         )
         return cls(path)
 

src/_pytest/assertion/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Support for presenting detailed information in failing assertions."""
 import sys
 from typing import Any
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ from _pytest.config import hookimpl
 from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
 from _pytest.nodes import Item
 
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from _pytest.main import Session
 
@@ -128,7 +130,6 @@ def pytest_runtest_protocol(item: Item) -> Generator[None, object, object]:
     reporting via the pytest_assertrepr_compare hook.  This sets up this custom
     comparison for the test.
     """
-
     ihook = item.ihook
 
     def callbinrepr(op, left: object, right: object) -> Optional[str]:

src/_pytest/assertion/rewrite.py

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 """Rewrite assertion AST to produce nice error messages."""
+
 import ast
+from collections import defaultdict
 import errno
 import functools
 import importlib.abc
@@ -9,13 +11,12 @@ import io
 import itertools
 import marshal
 import os
+from pathlib import Path
+from pathlib import PurePath
 import struct
 import sys
 import tokenize
 import types
-from collections import defaultdict
-from pathlib import Path
-from pathlib import PurePath
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import Dict
 from typing import IO
@@ -33,15 +34,17 @@ from _pytest._io.saferepr import DEFAULT_REPR_MAX_SIZE
 from _pytest._io.saferepr import saferepr
 from _pytest._version import version
 from _pytest.assertion import util
-from _pytest.assertion.util import (  # noqa: F401
-    format_explanation as _format_explanation,
-)
 from _pytest.config import Config
 from _pytest.main import Session
 from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
 from _pytest.pathlib import fnmatch_ex
 from _pytest.stash import StashKey
 
+
+# fmt: off
+from _pytest.assertion.util import format_explanation as _format_explanation  # noqa:F401, isort:skip
+# fmt:on
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from _pytest.assertion import AssertionState
 
@@ -858,9 +861,10 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         the expression is false.
         """
         if isinstance(assert_.test, ast.Tuple) and len(assert_.test.elts) >= 1:
-            from _pytest.warning_types import PytestAssertRewriteWarning
             import warnings
 
+            from _pytest.warning_types import PytestAssertRewriteWarning
+
             # TODO: This assert should not be needed.
             assert self.module_path is not None
             warnings.warn_explicit(
@@ -921,7 +925,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
             # If any hooks implement assert_pass hook
             hook_impl_test = ast.If(
                 self.helper("_check_if_assertion_pass_impl"),
-                self.expl_stmts + [hook_call_pass],
+                [*self.expl_stmts, hook_call_pass],
                 [],
             )
             statements_pass = [hook_impl_test]
@@ -1002,7 +1006,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
             if i:
                 fail_inner: List[ast.stmt] = []
                 # cond is set in a prior loop iteration below
-                self.expl_stmts.append(ast.If(cond, fail_inner, []))  # noqa
+                self.expl_stmts.append(ast.If(cond, fail_inner, []))  # noqa: F821
                 self.expl_stmts = fail_inner
                 # Check if the left operand is a ast.NamedExpr and the value has already been visited
                 if (
@@ -1016,9 +1020,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
                     ]
                 ):
                     pytest_temp = self.variable()
-                    self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][
+                    self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][v.left.target.id] = v.left  # type:ignore[assignment]
-                        v.left.target.id
-                    ] = v.left  # type:ignore[assignment]
                     v.left.target.id = pytest_temp
             self.push_format_context()
             res, expl = self.visit(v)
@@ -1062,9 +1064,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
             if isinstance(arg, ast.Name) and arg.id in self.variables_overwrite.get(
                 self.scope, {}
             ):
-                arg = self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][
+                arg = self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][arg.id]  # type:ignore[assignment]
-                    arg.id
-                ]  # type:ignore[assignment]
             res, expl = self.visit(arg)
             arg_expls.append(expl)
             new_args.append(res)
@@ -1072,9 +1072,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
             if isinstance(
                 keyword.value, ast.Name
             ) and keyword.value.id in self.variables_overwrite.get(self.scope, {}):
-                keyword.value = self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][
+                keyword.value = self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][keyword.value.id]  # type:ignore[assignment]
-                    keyword.value.id
-                ]  # type:ignore[assignment]
             res, expl = self.visit(keyword.value)
             new_kwargs.append(ast.keyword(keyword.arg, res))
             if keyword.arg:
@@ -1111,13 +1109,9 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         if isinstance(
             comp.left, ast.Name
         ) and comp.left.id in self.variables_overwrite.get(self.scope, {}):
-            comp.left = self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][
+            comp.left = self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][comp.left.id]  # type:ignore[assignment]
-                comp.left.id
-            ]  # type:ignore[assignment]
         if isinstance(comp.left, ast.NamedExpr):
-            self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][
+            self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][comp.left.target.id] = comp.left  # type:ignore[assignment]
-                comp.left.target.id
-            ] = comp.left  # type:ignore[assignment]
         left_res, left_expl = self.visit(comp.left)
         if isinstance(comp.left, (ast.Compare, ast.BoolOp)):
             left_expl = f"({left_expl})"
@@ -1135,9 +1129,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
                 and next_operand.target.id == left_res.id
             ):
                 next_operand.target.id = self.variable()
-                self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][
+                self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][left_res.id] = next_operand  # type:ignore[assignment]
-                    left_res.id
-                ] = next_operand  # type:ignore[assignment]
             next_res, next_expl = self.visit(next_operand)
             if isinstance(next_operand, (ast.Compare, ast.BoolOp)):
                 next_expl = f"({next_expl})"

src/_pytest/assertion/truncate.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 Current default behaviour is to truncate assertion explanations at
 terminal lines, unless running with an assertions verbosity level of at least 2 or running on CI.
 """
+
 from typing import List
 from typing import Optional
 
@@ -91,7 +92,8 @@ def _truncate_explanation(
     else:
         # Add proper ellipsis when we were able to fit a full line exactly
         truncated_explanation[-1] = "..."
-    return truncated_explanation + [
+    return [
+        *truncated_explanation,
         "",
         f"...Full output truncated ({truncated_line_count} line"
         f"{'' if truncated_line_count == 1 else 's'} hidden), {USAGE_MSG}",

src/_pytest/assertion/util.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Utilities for assertion debugging."""
 import collections.abc
 import os
@@ -14,13 +15,14 @@ from typing import Protocol
 from typing import Sequence
 from unicodedata import normalize
 
-import _pytest._code
 from _pytest import outcomes
+import _pytest._code
 from _pytest._io.pprint import PrettyPrinter
 from _pytest._io.saferepr import saferepr
 from _pytest._io.saferepr import saferepr_unlimited
 from _pytest.config import Config
 
+
 # The _reprcompare attribute on the util module is used by the new assertion
 # interpretation code and assertion rewriter to detect this plugin was
 # loaded and in turn call the hooks defined here as part of the
@@ -231,8 +233,8 @@ def assertrepr_compare(
         return None
 
     if explanation[0] != "":
-        explanation = [""] + explanation
+        explanation = ["", *explanation]
-    return [summary] + explanation
+    return [summary, *explanation]
 
 
 def _compare_eq_any(
@@ -301,8 +303,8 @@ def _diff_text(left: str, right: str, verbose: int = 0) -> List[str]:
             if i > 42:
                 i -= 10  # Provide some context
                 explanation += [
-                    "Skipping {} identical trailing "
+                    f"Skipping {i} identical trailing "
-                    "characters in diff, use -v to show".format(i)
+                    "characters in diff, use -v to show"
                 ]
                 left = left[:-i]
                 right = right[:-i]

src/_pytest/cacheprovider.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Implementation of the cache provider."""
 # This plugin was not named "cache" to avoid conflicts with the external
 # pytest-cache version.
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ from _pytest.nodes import Directory
 from _pytest.nodes import File
 from _pytest.reports import TestReport
 
+
 README_CONTENT = """\
 # pytest cache directory #
 
@@ -111,6 +113,7 @@ class Cache:
         """
         check_ispytest(_ispytest)
         import warnings
+
         from _pytest.warning_types import PytestCacheWarning
 
         warnings.warn(
@@ -366,15 +369,13 @@ class LFPlugin:
 
                 noun = "failure" if self._previously_failed_count == 1 else "failures"
                 suffix = " first" if self.config.getoption("failedfirst") else ""
-                self._report_status = "rerun previous {count} {noun}{suffix}".format(
+                self._report_status = (
-                    count=self._previously_failed_count, suffix=suffix, noun=noun
+                    f"rerun previous {self._previously_failed_count} {noun}{suffix}"
                 )
 
             if self._skipped_files > 0:
                 files_noun = "file" if self._skipped_files == 1 else "files"
-                self._report_status += " (skipped {files} {files_noun})".format(
+                self._report_status += f" (skipped {self._skipped_files} {files_noun})"
-                    files=self._skipped_files, files_noun=files_noun
-                )
         else:
             self._report_status = "no previously failed tests, "
             if self.config.getoption("last_failed_no_failures") == "none":

src/_pytest/capture.py

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Per-test stdout/stderr capturing mechanism."""
 import abc
 import collections
 import contextlib
 import io
+from io import UnsupportedOperation
 import os
 import sys
-from io import UnsupportedOperation
 from tempfile import TemporaryFile
 from types import TracebackType
 from typing import Any
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ from _pytest.nodes import File
 from _pytest.nodes import Item
 from _pytest.reports import CollectReport
 
+
 _CaptureMethod = Literal["fd", "sys", "no", "tee-sys"]
 
 
@@ -596,7 +598,8 @@ if sys.version_info >= (3, 11) or TYPE_CHECKING:
 else:
 
     class CaptureResult(
-        collections.namedtuple("CaptureResult", ["out", "err"]), Generic[AnyStr]
+        collections.namedtuple("CaptureResult", ["out", "err"]),  # noqa: PYI024
+        Generic[AnyStr],
     ):
         """The result of :method:`caplog.readouterr() <pytest.CaptureFixture.readouterr>`."""
 
@@ -789,9 +792,7 @@ class CaptureManager:
             current_fixture = self._capture_fixture.request.fixturename
             requested_fixture = capture_fixture.request.fixturename
             capture_fixture.request.raiseerror(
-                "cannot use {} and {} at the same time".format(
+                f"cannot use {requested_fixture} and {current_fixture} at the same time"
-                    requested_fixture, current_fixture
-                )
             )
         self._capture_fixture = capture_fixture
 
@@ -987,7 +988,6 @@ def capsys(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[str], None, None]:
     Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
     Example:
-
     .. code-block:: python
 
         def test_output(capsys):
@@ -1015,7 +1015,6 @@ def capsysbinary(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[bytes], None,
     Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[bytes] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
     Example:
-
     .. code-block:: python
 
         def test_output(capsysbinary):
@@ -1043,7 +1042,6 @@ def capfd(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[str], None, None]:
     Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
     Example:
-
     .. code-block:: python
 
         def test_system_echo(capfd):
@@ -1071,7 +1069,6 @@ def capfdbinary(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[bytes], None, N
     Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[bytes] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
 
     Example:
-
     .. code-block:: python
 
         def test_system_echo(capfdbinary):

src/_pytest/compat.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Python version compatibility code."""
 from __future__ import annotations
 
@@ -5,20 +6,15 @@ import dataclasses
 import enum
 import functools
 import inspect
-import os
-import sys
 from inspect import Parameter
 from inspect import signature
+import os
 from pathlib import Path
+import sys
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import Final
 from typing import NoReturn
-from typing import TypeVar
-
-
-_T = TypeVar("_T")
-_S = TypeVar("_S")
 
 
 # fmt: off
@@ -26,7 +22,7 @@ _S = TypeVar("_S")
 # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0484/#support-for-singleton-types-in-unions
 class NotSetType(enum.Enum):
     token = 0
-NOTSET: Final = NotSetType.token  # noqa: E305
+NOTSET: Final = NotSetType.token
 # fmt: on
 
 
@@ -176,25 +172,13 @@ _non_printable_ascii_translate_table.update(
 )
 
 
-def _translate_non_printable(s: str) -> str:
-    return s.translate(_non_printable_ascii_translate_table)
-
-
-STRING_TYPES = bytes, str
-
-
-def _bytes_to_ascii(val: bytes) -> str:
-    return val.decode("ascii", "backslashreplace")
-
-
 def ascii_escaped(val: bytes | str) -> str:
     r"""If val is pure ASCII, return it as an str, otherwise, escape
     bytes objects into a sequence of escaped bytes:
 
     b'\xc3\xb4\xc5\xd6' -> r'\xc3\xb4\xc5\xd6'
 
-    and escapes unicode objects into a sequence of escaped unicode
+    and escapes strings into a sequence of escaped unicode ids, e.g.:
-    ids, e.g.:
 
     r'4\nV\U00043efa\x0eMXWB\x1e\u3028\u15fd\xcd\U0007d944'
 
@@ -205,10 +189,10 @@ def ascii_escaped(val: bytes | str) -> str:
        a UTF-8 string.
     """
     if isinstance(val, bytes):
-        ret = _bytes_to_ascii(val)
+        ret = val.decode("ascii", "backslashreplace")
     else:
         ret = val.encode("unicode_escape").decode("ascii")
-    return _translate_non_printable(ret)
+    return ret.translate(_non_printable_ascii_translate_table)
 
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass
@@ -243,9 +227,7 @@ def get_real_func(obj):
         from _pytest._io.saferepr import saferepr
 
         raise ValueError(
-            ("could not find real function of {start}\nstopped at {current}").format(
+            f"could not find real function of {saferepr(start_obj)}\nstopped at {saferepr(obj)}"
-                start=saferepr(start_obj), current=saferepr(obj)
-            )
         )
     if isinstance(obj, functools.partial):
         obj = obj.func
@@ -307,7 +289,7 @@ def get_user_id() -> int | None:
     # mypy follows the version and platform checking expectation of PEP 484:
     # https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/common_issues.html?highlight=platform#python-version-and-system-platform-checks
     # Containment checks are too complex for mypy v1.5.0 and cause failure.
-    if sys.platform == "win32" or sys.platform == "emscripten":
+    if sys.platform == "win32" or sys.platform == "emscripten":  # noqa: PLR1714
         # win32 does not have a getuid() function.
         # Emscripten has a return 0 stub.
         return None

src/_pytest/config/__init__.py

@@ -1,23 +1,22 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Command line options, ini-file and conftest.py processing."""
 import argparse
 import collections.abc
 import copy
 import dataclasses
 import enum
+from functools import lru_cache
 import glob
 import importlib.metadata
 import inspect
 import os
+from pathlib import Path
 import re
 import shlex
 import sys
-import types
-import warnings
-from functools import lru_cache
-from pathlib import Path
 from textwrap import dedent
+import types
 from types import FunctionType
-from types import TracebackType
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import cast
@@ -37,6 +36,7 @@ from typing import Tuple
 from typing import Type
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Union
+import warnings
 
 from pluggy import HookimplMarker
 from pluggy import HookimplOpts
@@ -44,15 +44,15 @@ from pluggy import HookspecMarker
 from pluggy import HookspecOpts
 from pluggy import PluginManager
 
-import _pytest._code
-import _pytest.deprecated
-import _pytest.hookspec
 from .exceptions import PrintHelp as PrintHelp
 from .exceptions import UsageError as UsageError
 from .findpaths import determine_setup
+import _pytest._code
 from _pytest._code import ExceptionInfo
 from _pytest._code import filter_traceback
 from _pytest._io import TerminalWriter
+import _pytest.deprecated
+import _pytest.hookspec
 from _pytest.outcomes import fail
 from _pytest.outcomes import Skipped
 from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
@@ -65,10 +65,12 @@ from _pytest.stash import Stash
 from _pytest.warning_types import PytestConfigWarning
 from _pytest.warning_types import warn_explicit_for
 
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .argparsing import Argument
+    from .argparsing import Parser
     from _pytest._code.code import _TracebackStyle
     from _pytest.terminal import TerminalReporter
-    from .argparsing import Argument, Parser
 
 
 _PluggyPlugin = object
@@ -112,16 +114,14 @@ class ConftestImportFailure(Exception):
     def __init__(
         self,
         path: Path,
-        excinfo: Tuple[Type[Exception], Exception, TracebackType],
+        *,
+        cause: Exception,
     ) -> None:
-        super().__init__(path, excinfo)
         self.path = path
-        self.excinfo = excinfo
+        self.cause = cause
 
     def __str__(self) -> str:
-        return "{}: {} (from {})".format(
+        return f"{type(self.cause).__name__}: {self.cause} (from {self.path})"
-            self.excinfo[0].__name__, self.excinfo[1], self.path
-        )
 
 
 def filter_traceback_for_conftest_import_failure(
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ def main(
         try:
             config = _prepareconfig(args, plugins)
         except ConftestImportFailure as e:
-            exc_info = ExceptionInfo.from_exc_info(e.excinfo)
+            exc_info = ExceptionInfo.from_exception(e.cause)
             tw = TerminalWriter(sys.stderr)
             tw.line(f"ImportError while loading conftest '{e.path}'.", red=True)
             exc_info.traceback = exc_info.traceback.filter(
@@ -238,7 +238,8 @@ essential_plugins = (
     "helpconfig",  # Provides -p.
 )
 
-default_plugins = essential_plugins + (
+default_plugins = (
+    *essential_plugins,
     "python",
     "terminal",
     "debugging",
@@ -493,15 +494,19 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
                 )
             )
             return None
-        ret: Optional[str] = super().register(plugin, name)
+        plugin_name = super().register(plugin, name)
-        if ret:
+        if plugin_name is not None:
             self.hook.pytest_plugin_registered.call_historic(
-                kwargs=dict(plugin=plugin, manager=self)
+                kwargs=dict(
+                    plugin=plugin,
+                    plugin_name=plugin_name,
+                    manager=self,
+                )
             )
 
             if isinstance(plugin, types.ModuleType):
                 self.consider_module(plugin)
-        return ret
+        return plugin_name
 
     def getplugin(self, name: str):
         # Support deprecated naming because plugins (xdist e.g.) use it.
@@ -540,6 +545,7 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         noconftest: bool,
         rootpath: Path,
         confcutdir: Optional[Path],
+        invocation_dir: Path,
         importmode: Union[ImportMode, str],
     ) -> None:
         """Load initial conftest files given a preparsed "namespace".
@@ -549,8 +555,9 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         All builtin and 3rd party plugins will have been loaded, however, so
         common options will not confuse our logic here.
         """
-        current = Path.cwd()
+        self._confcutdir = (
-        self._confcutdir = absolutepath(current / confcutdir) if confcutdir else None
+            absolutepath(invocation_dir / confcutdir) if confcutdir else None
+        )
         self._noconftest = noconftest
         self._using_pyargs = pyargs
         foundanchor = False
@@ -560,7 +567,7 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
             i = path.find("::")
             if i != -1:
                 path = path[:i]
-            anchor = absolutepath(current / path)
+            anchor = absolutepath(invocation_dir / path)
 
             # Ensure we do not break if what appears to be an anchor
             # is in fact a very long option (#10169, #11394).
@@ -568,15 +575,21 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
                 self._try_load_conftest(anchor, importmode, rootpath)
                 foundanchor = True
         if not foundanchor:
-            self._try_load_conftest(current, importmode, rootpath)
+            self._try_load_conftest(invocation_dir, importmode, rootpath)
 
     def _is_in_confcutdir(self, path: Path) -> bool:
-        """Whether a path is within the confcutdir.
+        """Whether to consider the given path to load conftests from."""
-
-        When false, should not load conftest.
-        """
         if self._confcutdir is None:
             return True
+        # The semantics here are literally:
+        #   Do not load a conftest if it is found upwards from confcut dir.
+        # But this is *not* the same as:
+        #   Load only conftests from confcutdir or below.
+        # At first glance they might seem the same thing, however we do support use cases where
+        # we want to load conftests that are not found in confcutdir or below, but are found
+        # in completely different directory hierarchies like packages installed
+        # in out-of-source trees.
+        # (see #9767 for a regression where the logic was inverted).
         return path not in self._confcutdir.parents
 
     def _try_load_conftest(
@@ -602,9 +615,6 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         if directory in self._dirpath2confmods:
             return
 
-        # XXX these days we may rather want to use config.rootpath
-        # and allow users to opt into looking into the rootdir parent
-        # directories instead of requiring to specify confcutdir.
         clist = []
         for parent in reversed((directory, *directory.parents)):
             if self._is_in_confcutdir(parent):
@@ -634,7 +644,8 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
     def _importconftest(
         self, conftestpath: Path, importmode: Union[str, ImportMode], rootpath: Path
     ) -> types.ModuleType:
-        existing = self.get_plugin(str(conftestpath))
+        conftestpath_plugin_name = str(conftestpath)
+        existing = self.get_plugin(conftestpath_plugin_name)
         if existing is not None:
             return cast(types.ModuleType, existing)
 
@@ -653,8 +664,7 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
             mod = import_path(conftestpath, mode=importmode, root=rootpath)
         except Exception as e:
             assert e.__traceback__ is not None
-            exc_info = (type(e), e, e.__traceback__)
+            raise ConftestImportFailure(conftestpath, cause=e) from e
-            raise ConftestImportFailure(conftestpath, exc_info) from e
 
         self._check_non_top_pytest_plugins(mod, conftestpath)
 
@@ -663,10 +673,15 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         if dirpath in self._dirpath2confmods:
             for path, mods in self._dirpath2confmods.items():
                 if dirpath in path.parents or path == dirpath:
-                    assert mod not in mods
+                    if mod in mods:
+                        raise AssertionError(
+                            f"While trying to load conftest path {conftestpath!s}, "
+                            f"found that the module {mod} is already loaded with path {mod.__file__}. "
+                            "This is not supposed to happen. Please report this issue to pytest."
+                        )
                     mods.append(mod)
         self.trace(f"loading conftestmodule {mod!r}")
-        self.consider_conftest(mod)
+        self.consider_conftest(mod, registration_name=conftestpath_plugin_name)
         return mod
 
     def _check_non_top_pytest_plugins(
@@ -737,18 +752,17 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
                 self.set_blocked("pytest_" + name)
         else:
             name = arg
-            # Unblock the plugin.  None indicates that it has been blocked.
+            # Unblock the plugin.
-            # There is no interface with pluggy for this.
+            self.unblock(name)
-            if self._name2plugin.get(name, -1) is None:
-                del self._name2plugin[name]
             if not name.startswith("pytest_"):
-                if self._name2plugin.get("pytest_" + name, -1) is None:
+                self.unblock("pytest_" + name)
-                    del self._name2plugin["pytest_" + name]
             self.import_plugin(arg, consider_entry_points=True)
 
-    def consider_conftest(self, conftestmodule: types.ModuleType) -> None:
+    def consider_conftest(
+        self, conftestmodule: types.ModuleType, registration_name: str
+    ) -> None:
         """:meta private:"""
-        self.register(conftestmodule, name=conftestmodule.__file__)
+        self.register(conftestmodule, name=registration_name)
 
     def consider_env(self) -> None:
         """:meta private:"""
@@ -804,7 +818,7 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
 
 
 def _get_plugin_specs_as_list(
-    specs: Union[None, types.ModuleType, str, Sequence[str]]
+    specs: Union[None, types.ModuleType, str, Sequence[str]],
 ) -> List[str]:
     """Parse a plugins specification into a list of plugin names."""
     # None means empty.
@@ -965,7 +979,8 @@ class Config:
         *,
         invocation_params: Optional[InvocationParams] = None,
     ) -> None:
-        from .argparsing import Parser, FILE_OR_DIR
+        from .argparsing import FILE_OR_DIR
+        from .argparsing import Parser
 
         if invocation_params is None:
             invocation_params = self.InvocationParams(
@@ -1160,6 +1175,7 @@ class Config:
             noconftest=early_config.known_args_namespace.noconftest,
             rootpath=early_config.rootpath,
             confcutdir=early_config.known_args_namespace.confcutdir,
+            invocation_dir=early_config.invocation_params.dir,
             importmode=early_config.known_args_namespace.importmode,
         )
 
@@ -1168,8 +1184,8 @@ class Config:
             args, namespace=copy.copy(self.option)
         )
         rootpath, inipath, inicfg = determine_setup(
-            ns.inifilename,
+            inifile=ns.inifilename,
-            ns.file_or_dir + unknown_args,
+            args=ns.file_or_dir + unknown_args,
             rootdir_cmd_arg=ns.rootdir or None,
             invocation_dir=self.invocation_params.dir,
         )
@@ -1253,6 +1269,8 @@ class Config:
         """Decide the args (initial paths/nodeids) to use given the relevant inputs.
 
         :param warn: Whether can issue warnings.
+
+        :returns: The args and the args source. Guaranteed to be non-empty.
         """
         if args:
             source = Config.ArgsSource.ARGS
@@ -1361,12 +1379,7 @@ class Config:
 
             if Version(minver) > Version(pytest.__version__):
                 raise pytest.UsageError(
-                    "%s: 'minversion' requires pytest-%s, actual pytest-%s'"
+                    f"{self.inipath}: 'minversion' requires pytest-{minver}, actual pytest-{pytest.__version__}'"
-                    % (
-                        self.inipath,
-                        minver,
-                        pytest.__version__,
-                    )
                 )
 
     def _validate_config_options(self) -> None:
@@ -1379,8 +1392,9 @@ class Config:
             return
 
         # Imported lazily to improve start-up time.
+        from packaging.requirements import InvalidRequirement
+        from packaging.requirements import Requirement
         from packaging.version import Version
-        from packaging.requirements import InvalidRequirement, Requirement
 
         plugin_info = self.pluginmanager.list_plugin_distinfo()
         plugin_dist_info = {dist.project_name: dist.version for _, dist in plugin_info}
@@ -1552,9 +1566,11 @@ class Config:
         #   in this case, we already have a list ready to use.
         #
         if type == "paths":
-            # TODO: This assert is probably not valid in all cases.
+            dp = (
-            assert self.inipath is not None
+                self.inipath.parent
-            dp = self.inipath.parent
+                if self.inipath is not None
+                else self.invocation_params.dir
+            )
             input_values = shlex.split(value) if isinstance(value, str) else value
             return [dp / x for x in input_values]
         elif type == "args":
@@ -1600,9 +1616,7 @@ class Config:
                 key, user_ini_value = ini_config.split("=", 1)
             except ValueError as e:
                 raise UsageError(
-                    "-o/--override-ini expects option=value style (got: {!r}).".format(
+                    f"-o/--override-ini expects option=value style (got: {ini_config!r})."
-                        ini_config
-                    )
                 ) from e
             else:
                 if key == name:
@@ -1662,7 +1676,6 @@ class Config:
         can be used to explicitly use the global verbosity level.
 
         Example:
-
         .. code-block:: ini
 
             # content of pytest.ini
@@ -1842,13 +1855,13 @@ def parse_warning_filter(
     try:
         action: "warnings._ActionKind" = warnings._getaction(action_)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
     except warnings._OptionError as e:
-        raise UsageError(error_template.format(error=str(e)))
+        raise UsageError(error_template.format(error=str(e))) from None
     try:
         category: Type[Warning] = _resolve_warning_category(category_)
     except Exception:
         exc_info = ExceptionInfo.from_current()
         exception_text = exc_info.getrepr(style="native")
-        raise UsageError(error_template.format(error=exception_text))
+        raise UsageError(error_template.format(error=exception_text)) from None
     if message and escape:
         message = re.escape(message)
     if module and escape:
@@ -1861,7 +1874,7 @@ def parse_warning_filter(
         except ValueError as e:
             raise UsageError(
                 error_template.format(error=f"invalid lineno {lineno_!r}: {e}")
-            )
+            ) from None
     else:
         lineno = 0
     return action, message, category, module, lineno

src/_pytest/config/argparsing.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 import argparse
+from gettext import gettext
 import os
 import sys
-from gettext import gettext
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import cast
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ import _pytest._io
 from _pytest.config.exceptions import UsageError
 from _pytest.deprecated import check_ispytest
 
+
 FILE_OR_DIR = "file_or_dir"
 
 
@@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ class Parser:
         from _pytest._argcomplete import filescompleter
 
         optparser = MyOptionParser(self, self.extra_info, prog=self.prog)
-        groups = self._groups + [self._anonymous]
+        groups = [*self._groups, self._anonymous]
         for group in groups:
             if group.options:
                 desc = group.description or group.name
@@ -196,9 +198,16 @@ class Parser:
                 * ``paths``: a list of :class:`pathlib.Path`, separated as in a shell
                 * ``pathlist``: a list of ``py.path``, separated as in a shell
 
+            For ``paths`` and ``pathlist`` types, they are considered relative to the ini-file.
+            In case the execution is happening without an ini-file defined,
+            they will be considered relative to the current working directory (for example with ``--override-ini``).
+
             .. versionadded:: 7.0
                 The ``paths`` variable type.
 
+            .. versionadded:: 8.1
+                Use the current working directory to resolve ``paths`` and ``pathlist`` in the absence of an ini-file.
+
             Defaults to ``string`` if ``None`` or not passed.
         :param default:
             Default value if no ini-file option exists but is queried.
@@ -215,7 +224,7 @@ class Parser:
 
 
 def get_ini_default_for_type(
-    type: Optional[Literal["string", "paths", "pathlist", "args", "linelist", "bool"]]
+    type: Optional[Literal["string", "paths", "pathlist", "args", "linelist", "bool"]],
 ) -> Any:
     """
     Used by addini to get the default value for a given ini-option type, when
@@ -447,7 +456,7 @@ class MyOptionParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
         ) -> Optional[Tuple[Optional[argparse.Action], str, Optional[str]]]:
             if not arg_string:
                 return None
-            if not arg_string[0] in self.prefix_chars:
+            if arg_string[0] not in self.prefix_chars:
                 return None
             if arg_string in self._option_string_actions:
                 action = self._option_string_actions[arg_string]

src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import os
-import sys
 from pathlib import Path
+import sys
 from typing import Dict
 from typing import Iterable
 from typing import List
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ def load_config_dict_from_file(
 
     Return None if the file does not contain valid pytest configuration.
     """
-
     # Configuration from ini files are obtained from the [pytest] section, if present.
     if filepath.suffix == ".ini":
         iniconfig = _parse_ini_config(filepath)
@@ -87,6 +86,7 @@ def load_config_dict_from_file(
 
 
 def locate_config(
+    invocation_dir: Path,
     args: Iterable[Path],
 ) -> Tuple[Optional[Path], Optional[Path], Dict[str, Union[str, List[str]]]]:
     """Search in the list of arguments for a valid ini-file for pytest,
@@ -100,20 +100,28 @@ def locate_config(
     ]
     args = [x for x in args if not str(x).startswith("-")]
     if not args:
-        args = [Path.cwd()]
+        args = [invocation_dir]
+    found_pyproject_toml: Optional[Path] = None
     for arg in args:
         argpath = absolutepath(arg)
         for base in (argpath, *argpath.parents):
             for config_name in config_names:
                 p = base / config_name
                 if p.is_file():
+                    if p.name == "pyproject.toml" and found_pyproject_toml is None:
+                        found_pyproject_toml = p
                     ini_config = load_config_dict_from_file(p)
                     if ini_config is not None:
                         return base, p, ini_config
+    if found_pyproject_toml is not None:
+        return found_pyproject_toml.parent, found_pyproject_toml, {}
     return None, None, {}
 
 
-def get_common_ancestor(paths: Iterable[Path]) -> Path:
+def get_common_ancestor(
+    invocation_dir: Path,
+    paths: Iterable[Path],
+) -> Path:
     common_ancestor: Optional[Path] = None
     for path in paths:
         if not path.exists():
@@ -130,7 +138,7 @@ def get_common_ancestor(paths: Iterable[Path]) -> Path:
                 if shared is not None:
                     common_ancestor = shared
     if common_ancestor is None:
-        common_ancestor = Path.cwd()
+        common_ancestor = invocation_dir
     elif common_ancestor.is_file():
         common_ancestor = common_ancestor.parent
     return common_ancestor
@@ -162,10 +170,11 @@ CFG_PYTEST_SECTION = "[pytest] section in {filename} files is no longer supporte
 
 
 def determine_setup(
+    *,
     inifile: Optional[str],
     args: Sequence[str],
-    rootdir_cmd_arg: Optional[str] = None,
+    rootdir_cmd_arg: Optional[str],
-    invocation_dir: Optional[Path] = None,
+    invocation_dir: Path,
 ) -> Tuple[Path, Optional[Path], Dict[str, Union[str, List[str]]]]:
     """Determine the rootdir, inifile and ini configuration values from the
     command line arguments.
@@ -177,8 +186,7 @@ def determine_setup(
     :param rootdir_cmd_arg:
         The `--rootdir` command line argument, if given.
     :param invocation_dir:
-        The working directory when pytest was invoked, if known.
+        The working directory when pytest was invoked.
-        If not known, the current working directory is used.
     """
     rootdir = None
     dirs = get_dirs_from_args(args)
@@ -189,8 +197,8 @@ def determine_setup(
         if rootdir_cmd_arg is None:
             rootdir = inipath_.parent
     else:
-        ancestor = get_common_ancestor(dirs)
+        ancestor = get_common_ancestor(invocation_dir, dirs)
-        rootdir, inipath, inicfg = locate_config([ancestor])
+        rootdir, inipath, inicfg = locate_config(invocation_dir, [ancestor])
         if rootdir is None and rootdir_cmd_arg is None:
             for possible_rootdir in (ancestor, *ancestor.parents):
                 if (possible_rootdir / "setup.py").is_file():
@@ -198,22 +206,18 @@ def determine_setup(
                     break
             else:
                 if dirs != [ancestor]:
-                    rootdir, inipath, inicfg = locate_config(dirs)
+                    rootdir, inipath, inicfg = locate_config(invocation_dir, dirs)
                 if rootdir is None:
-                    if invocation_dir is not None:
+                    rootdir = get_common_ancestor(
-                        cwd = invocation_dir
+                        invocation_dir, [invocation_dir, ancestor]
-                    else:
+                    )
-                        cwd = Path.cwd()
-                    rootdir = get_common_ancestor([cwd, ancestor])
                     if is_fs_root(rootdir):
                         rootdir = ancestor
     if rootdir_cmd_arg:
         rootdir = absolutepath(os.path.expandvars(rootdir_cmd_arg))
         if not rootdir.is_dir():
             raise UsageError(
-                "Directory '{}' not found. Check your '--rootdir' option.".format(
+                f"Directory '{rootdir}' not found. Check your '--rootdir' option."
-                    rootdir
-                )
             )
     assert rootdir is not None
     return rootdir, inipath, inicfg or {}

src/_pytest/debugging.py

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Interactive debugging with PDB, the Python Debugger."""
 import argparse
 import functools
 import sys
 import types
-import unittest
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import Generator
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ from typing import Tuple
 from typing import Type
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Union
+import unittest
 
 from _pytest import outcomes
 from _pytest._code import ExceptionInfo
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ from _pytest.config.exceptions import UsageError
 from _pytest.nodes import Node
 from _pytest.reports import BaseReport
 
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from _pytest.capture import CaptureManager
     from _pytest.runner import CallInfo
@@ -263,8 +265,7 @@ class pytestPDB:
                     elif capturing:
                         tw.sep(
                             ">",
-                            "PDB %s (IO-capturing turned off for %s)"
+                            f"PDB {method} (IO-capturing turned off for {capturing})",
-                            % (method, capturing),
                         )
                     else:
                         tw.sep(">", f"PDB {method}")
@@ -377,7 +378,8 @@ def _postmortem_traceback(excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]) -> types.Traceb
     elif isinstance(excinfo.value, ConftestImportFailure):
         # A config.ConftestImportFailure is not useful for post_mortem.
         # Use the underlying exception instead:
-        return excinfo.value.excinfo[2]
+        assert excinfo.value.cause.__traceback__ is not None
+        return excinfo.value.cause.__traceback__
     else:
         assert excinfo._excinfo is not None
         return excinfo._excinfo[2]

src/_pytest/deprecated.py

@@ -8,12 +8,14 @@ All constants defined in this module should be either instances of
 :class:`PytestWarning`, or :class:`UnformattedWarning`
 in case of warnings which need to format their messages.
 """
+
 from warnings import warn
 
 from _pytest.warning_types import PytestDeprecationWarning
 from _pytest.warning_types import PytestRemovedIn9Warning
 from _pytest.warning_types import UnformattedWarning
 
+
 # set of plugins which have been integrated into the core; we use this list to ignore
 # them during registration to avoid conflicts
 DEPRECATED_EXTERNAL_PLUGINS = {

src/_pytest/doctest.py

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Discover and run doctests in modules and test files."""
 import bdb
+from contextlib import contextmanager
 import functools
 import inspect
 import os
+from pathlib import Path
 import platform
 import sys
 import traceback
 import types
-import warnings
-from contextlib import contextmanager
-from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import Dict
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ from typing import Tuple
 from typing import Type
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Union
+import warnings
 
 from _pytest import outcomes
 from _pytest._code.code import ExceptionInfo
@@ -39,13 +40,14 @@ from _pytest.nodes import Item
 from _pytest.outcomes import OutcomeException
 from _pytest.outcomes import skip
 from _pytest.pathlib import fnmatch_ex
-from _pytest.pathlib import import_path
 from _pytest.python import Module
 from _pytest.python_api import approx
 from _pytest.warning_types import PytestWarning
 
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     import doctest
+    from typing import Self
 
 DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_NONE = "none"
 DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_CDIFF = "cdiff"
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
         "--doctest-ignore-import-errors",
         action="store_true",
         default=False,
-        help="Ignore doctest ImportErrors",
+        help="Ignore doctest collection errors",
         dest="doctest_ignore_import_errors",
     )
     group.addoption(
@@ -132,11 +134,9 @@ def pytest_collect_file(
         if config.option.doctestmodules and not any(
             (_is_setup_py(file_path), _is_main_py(file_path))
         ):
-            mod: DoctestModule = DoctestModule.from_parent(parent, path=file_path)
+            return DoctestModule.from_parent(parent, path=file_path)
-            return mod
     elif _is_doctest(config, file_path, parent):
-        txt: DoctestTextfile = DoctestTextfile.from_parent(parent, path=file_path)
+        return DoctestTextfile.from_parent(parent, path=file_path)
-        return txt
     return None
 
 
@@ -271,14 +271,14 @@ class DoctestItem(Item):
         self._initrequest()
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_parent(  # type: ignore
+    def from_parent(  # type: ignore[override]
         cls,
         parent: "Union[DoctestTextfile, DoctestModule]",
         *,
         name: str,
         runner: "doctest.DocTestRunner",
         dtest: "doctest.DocTest",
-    ):
+    ) -> "Self":
         # incompatible signature due to imposed limits on subclass
         """The public named constructor."""
         return super().from_parent(name=name, parent=parent, runner=runner, dtest=dtest)
@@ -485,9 +485,9 @@ def _patch_unwrap_mock_aware() -> Generator[None, None, None]:
             return real_unwrap(func, stop=lambda obj: _is_mocked(obj) or _stop(func))
         except Exception as e:
             warnings.warn(
-                "Got %r when unwrapping %r.  This is usually caused "
+                f"Got {e!r} when unwrapping {func!r}.  This is usually caused "
                 "by a violation of Python's object protocol; see e.g. "
-                "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/5080" % (e, func),
+                "https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/5080",
                 PytestWarning,
             )
             raise
@@ -558,24 +558,18 @@ class DoctestModule(Module):
             else:  # pragma: no cover
                 pass
 
-        if self.path.name == "conftest.py":
+        try:
-            module = self.config.pluginmanager._importconftest(
+            module = self.obj
-                self.path,
+        except Collector.CollectError:
-                self.config.getoption("importmode"),
+            if self.config.getvalue("doctest_ignore_import_errors"):
-                rootpath=self.config.rootpath,
+                skip("unable to import module %r" % self.path)
-            )
+            else:
-        else:
+                raise
-            try:
+
-                module = import_path(
+        # While doctests currently don't support fixtures directly, we still
-                    self.path,
+        # need to pick up autouse fixtures.
-                    root=self.config.rootpath,
+        self.session._fixturemanager.parsefactories(self)
-                    mode=self.config.getoption("importmode"),
+
-                )
-            except ImportError:
-                if self.config.getvalue("doctest_ignore_import_errors"):
-                    skip("unable to import module %r" % self.path)
-                else:
-                    raise
         # Uses internal doctest module parsing mechanism.
         finder = MockAwareDocTestFinder()
         optionflags = get_optionflags(self.config)

src/_pytest/faulthandler.py

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ import os
 import sys
 from typing import Generator
 
-import pytest
 from _pytest.config import Config
 from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
 from _pytest.nodes import Item
 from _pytest.stash import StashKey
+import pytest
 
 
 fault_handler_original_stderr_fd_key = StashKey[int]()

src/_pytest/fixtures.py

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 import abc
+from collections import defaultdict
+from collections import deque
 import dataclasses
 import functools
 import inspect
 import os
-import warnings
-from collections import defaultdict
-from collections import deque
-from contextlib import suppress
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import AbstractSet
 from typing import Any
@@ -30,6 +29,7 @@ from typing import Tuple
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import TypeVar
 from typing import Union
+import warnings
 
 import _pytest
 from _pytest import nodes
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ def get_scope_package(
 ) -> Optional[nodes.Node]:
     from _pytest.python import Package
 
-    for parent in node.iterparents():
+    for parent in node.iter_parents():
         if isinstance(parent, Package) and parent.nodeid == fixturedef.baseid:
             return parent
     return node.session
@@ -168,33 +168,28 @@ def get_parametrized_fixture_keys(
     the specified scope."""
     assert scope is not Scope.Function
     try:
-        callspec = item.callspec  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        callspec: CallSpec2 = item.callspec  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
     except AttributeError:
-        pass
+        return
-    else:
+    for argname in callspec.indices:
-        cs: CallSpec2 = callspec
+        if callspec._arg2scope[argname] != scope:
-        # cs.indices is random order of argnames.  Need to
+            continue
-        # sort this so that different calls to
-        # get_parametrized_fixture_keys will be deterministic.
-        for argname in sorted(cs.indices):
-            if cs._arg2scope[argname] != scope:
-                continue
 
-            item_cls = None
+        item_cls = None
-            if scope is Scope.Session:
+        if scope is Scope.Session:
-                scoped_item_path = None
+            scoped_item_path = None
-            elif scope is Scope.Package:
+        elif scope is Scope.Package:
-                scoped_item_path = item.path
+            scoped_item_path = item.path
-            elif scope is Scope.Module:
+        elif scope is Scope.Module:
-                scoped_item_path = item.path
+            scoped_item_path = item.path
-            elif scope is Scope.Class:
+        elif scope is Scope.Class:
-                scoped_item_path = item.path
+            scoped_item_path = item.path
-                item_cls = item.cls  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            item_cls = item.cls  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-            else:
+        else:
-                assert_never(scope)
+            assert_never(scope)
 
-            param_index = cs.indices[argname]
+        param_index = callspec.indices[argname]
-            yield FixtureArgKey(argname, param_index, scoped_item_path, item_cls)
+        yield FixtureArgKey(argname, param_index, scoped_item_path, item_cls)
 
 
 # Algorithm for sorting on a per-parametrized resource setup basis.
@@ -582,7 +577,6 @@ class FixtureRequest(abc.ABC):
         # (latter managed by fixturedef)
         argname = fixturedef.argname
         funcitem = self._pyfuncitem
-        scope = fixturedef._scope
         try:
             callspec = funcitem.callspec
         except AttributeError:
@@ -590,24 +584,20 @@ class FixtureRequest(abc.ABC):
         if callspec is not None and argname in callspec.params:
             param = callspec.params[argname]
             param_index = callspec.indices[argname]
-            # If a parametrize invocation set a scope it will override
+            # The parametrize invocation scope overrides the fixture's scope.
-            # the static scope defined with the fixture function.
+            scope = callspec._arg2scope[argname]
-            with suppress(KeyError):
-                scope = callspec._arg2scope[argname]
         else:
             param = NOTSET
             param_index = 0
+            scope = fixturedef._scope
+
             has_params = fixturedef.params is not None
             fixtures_not_supported = getattr(funcitem, "nofuncargs", False)
             if has_params and fixtures_not_supported:
                 msg = (
-                    "{name} does not support fixtures, maybe unittest.TestCase subclass?\n"
+                    f"{funcitem.name} does not support fixtures, maybe unittest.TestCase subclass?\n"
-                    "Node id: {nodeid}\n"
+                    f"Node id: {funcitem.nodeid}\n"
-                    "Function type: {typename}"
+                    f"Function type: {type(funcitem).__name__}"
-                ).format(
-                    name=funcitem.name,
-                    nodeid=funcitem.nodeid,
-                    typename=type(funcitem).__name__,
                 )
                 fail(msg, pytrace=False)
             if has_params:
@@ -740,9 +730,7 @@ class SubRequest(FixtureRequest):
         if node is None and scope is Scope.Class:
             # Fallback to function item itself.
             node = self._pyfuncitem
-        assert node, 'Could not obtain a node for scope "{}" for function {!r}'.format(
+        assert node, f'Could not obtain a node for scope "{scope}" for function {self._pyfuncitem!r}'
-            scope, self._pyfuncitem
-        )
         return node
 
     def _check_scope(
@@ -845,8 +833,8 @@ class FixtureLookupError(LookupError):
                 if faclist:
                     available.add(name)
             if self.argname in available:
-                msg = " recursive dependency involving fixture '{}' detected".format(
+                msg = (
-                    self.argname
+                    f" recursive dependency involving fixture '{self.argname}' detected"
                 )
             else:
                 msg = f"fixture '{self.argname}' not found"
@@ -940,15 +928,13 @@ def _eval_scope_callable(
         result = scope_callable(fixture_name=fixture_name, config=config)  # type: ignore[call-arg]
     except Exception as e:
         raise TypeError(
-            "Error evaluating {} while defining fixture '{}'.\n"
+            f"Error evaluating {scope_callable} while defining fixture '{fixture_name}'.\n"
-            "Expected a function with the signature (*, fixture_name, config)".format(
+            "Expected a function with the signature (*, fixture_name, config)"
-                scope_callable, fixture_name
-            )
         ) from e
     if not isinstance(result, str):
         fail(
-            "Expected {} to return a 'str' while defining fixture '{}', but it returned:\n"
+            f"Expected {scope_callable} to return a 'str' while defining fixture '{fixture_name}', but it returned:\n"
-            "{!r}".format(scope_callable, fixture_name, result),
+            f"{result!r}",
             pytrace=False,
         )
     return result
@@ -1090,9 +1076,7 @@ class FixtureDef(Generic[FixtureValue]):
         return request.param_index if not hasattr(request, "param") else request.param
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return "<FixtureDef argname={!r} scope={!r} baseid={!r}>".format(
+        return f"<FixtureDef argname={self.argname!r} scope={self.scope!r} baseid={self.baseid!r}>"
-            self.argname, self.scope, self.baseid
-        )
 
 
 def resolve_fixture_function(
@@ -1113,7 +1097,8 @@ def resolve_fixture_function(
             # Handle the case where fixture is defined not in a test class, but some other class
             # (for example a plugin class with a fixture), see #2270.
             if hasattr(fixturefunc, "__self__") and not isinstance(
-                request.instance, fixturefunc.__self__.__class__  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+                request.instance,
+                fixturefunc.__self__.__class__,  # type: ignore[union-attr]
             ):
                 return fixturefunc
             fixturefunc = getimfunc(fixturedef.func)
@@ -1196,7 +1181,7 @@ class FixtureFunctionMarker:
 
         if getattr(function, "_pytestfixturefunction", False):
             raise ValueError(
-                "fixture is being applied more than once to the same function"
+                f"@pytest.fixture is being applied more than once to the same function {function.__name__!r}"
             )
 
         if hasattr(function, "pytestmark"):
@@ -1208,9 +1193,7 @@ class FixtureFunctionMarker:
         if name == "request":
             location = getlocation(function)
             fail(
-                "'request' is a reserved word for fixtures, use another name:\n  {}".format(
+                f"'request' is a reserved word for fixtures, use another name:\n  {location}",
-                    location
-                ),
                 pytrace=False,
             )
 
@@ -1235,7 +1218,7 @@ def fixture(
 
 
 @overload
-def fixture(  # noqa: F811
+def fixture(
     fixture_function: None = ...,
     *,
     scope: "Union[_ScopeName, Callable[[str, Config], _ScopeName]]" = ...,
@@ -1249,7 +1232,7 @@ def fixture(  # noqa: F811
     ...
 
 
-def fixture(  # noqa: F811
+def fixture(
     fixture_function: Optional[FixtureFunction] = None,
     *,
     scope: "Union[_ScopeName, Callable[[str, Config], _ScopeName]]" = "function",
@@ -1483,25 +1466,27 @@ class FixtureManager:
 
         return FuncFixtureInfo(argnames, initialnames, names_closure, arg2fixturedefs)
 
-    def pytest_plugin_registered(self, plugin: _PluggyPlugin) -> None:
+    def pytest_plugin_registered(self, plugin: _PluggyPlugin, plugin_name: str) -> None:
-        nodeid = None
+        # Fixtures defined in conftest plugins are only visible to within the
-        try:
+        # conftest's directory. This is unlike fixtures in non-conftest plugins
-            p = absolutepath(plugin.__file__)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        # which have global visibility. So for conftests, construct the base
-        except AttributeError:
+        # nodeid from the plugin name (which is the conftest path).
-            pass
+        if plugin_name and plugin_name.endswith("conftest.py"):
+            # Note: we explicitly do *not* use `plugin.__file__` here -- The
+            # difference is that plugin_name has the correct capitalization on
+            # case-insensitive systems (Windows) and other normalization issues
+            # (issue #11816).
+            conftestpath = absolutepath(plugin_name)
+            try:
+                nodeid = str(conftestpath.parent.relative_to(self.config.rootpath))
+            except ValueError:
+                nodeid = ""
+            if nodeid == ".":
+                nodeid = ""
+            if os.sep != nodes.SEP:
+                nodeid = nodeid.replace(os.sep, nodes.SEP)
         else:
-            # Construct the base nodeid which is later used to check
+            nodeid = None
-            # what fixtures are visible for particular tests (as denoted
-            # by their test id).
-            if p.name == "conftest.py":
-                try:
-                    nodeid = str(p.parent.relative_to(self.config.rootpath))
-                except ValueError:
-                    nodeid = ""
-                if nodeid == ".":
-                    nodeid = ""
-                if os.sep != nodes.SEP:
-                    nodeid = nodeid.replace(os.sep, nodes.SEP)
 
         self.parsefactories(plugin, nodeid)
 
@@ -1681,7 +1666,7 @@ class FixtureManager:
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     @overload
-    def parsefactories(  # noqa: F811
+    def parsefactories(
         self,
         node_or_obj: object,
         nodeid: Optional[str],
@@ -1690,7 +1675,7 @@ class FixtureManager:
     ) -> None:
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def parsefactories(  # noqa: F811
+    def parsefactories(
         self,
         node_or_obj: Union[nodes.Node, object],
         nodeid: Union[str, NotSetType, None] = NOTSET,
@@ -1775,7 +1760,7 @@ class FixtureManager:
     def _matchfactories(
         self, fixturedefs: Iterable[FixtureDef[Any]], node: nodes.Node
     ) -> Iterator[FixtureDef[Any]]:
-        parentnodeids = {n.nodeid for n in node.iterparents()}
+        parentnodeids = {n.nodeid for n in node.iter_parents()}
         for fixturedef in fixturedefs:
             if fixturedef.baseid in parentnodeids:
                 yield fixturedef

src/_pytest/freeze_support.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 """Provides a function to report all internal modules for using freezing
 tools."""
+
 import types
 from typing import Iterator
 from typing import List

src/_pytest/helpconfig.py

@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Version info, help messages, tracing configuration."""
+from argparse import Action
 import os
 import sys
-from argparse import Action
 from typing import Generator
 from typing import List
 from typing import Optional
 from typing import Union
 
-import pytest
 from _pytest.config import Config
 from _pytest.config import ExitCode
 from _pytest.config import PrintHelp
 from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
 from _pytest.terminal import TerminalReporter
+import pytest
 
 
 class HelpAction(Action):
@@ -108,11 +109,11 @@ def pytest_cmdline_parse() -> Generator[None, Config, Config]:
         path = config.option.debug
         debugfile = open(path, "w", encoding="utf-8")
         debugfile.write(
-            "versions pytest-%s, "
+            "versions pytest-{}, "
-            "python-%s\ncwd=%s\nargs=%s\n\n"
+            "python-{}\ninvocation_dir={}\ncwd={}\nargs={}\n\n".format(
-            % (
                 pytest.__version__,
                 ".".join(map(str, sys.version_info)),
+                config.invocation_params.dir,
                 os.getcwd(),
                 config.invocation_params.args,
             )
@@ -135,9 +136,7 @@ def pytest_cmdline_parse() -> Generator[None, Config, Config]:
 def showversion(config: Config) -> None:
     if config.option.version > 1:
         sys.stdout.write(
-            "This is pytest version {}, imported from {}\n".format(
+            f"This is pytest version {pytest.__version__}, imported from {pytest.__file__}\n"
-                pytest.__version__, pytest.__file__
-            )
         )
         plugininfo = getpluginversioninfo(config)
         if plugininfo:

src/_pytest/hookspec.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Hook specifications for pytest plugins which are invoked by pytest itself
 and by builtin plugins."""
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -13,17 +14,18 @@ from typing import Union
 
 from pluggy import HookspecMarker
 
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     import pdb
-    import warnings
     from typing import Literal
+    import warnings
 
-    from _pytest._code.code import ExceptionRepr
     from _pytest._code.code import ExceptionInfo
+    from _pytest._code.code import ExceptionRepr
+    from _pytest.config import _PluggyPlugin
     from _pytest.config import Config
     from _pytest.config import ExitCode
     from _pytest.config import PytestPluginManager
-    from _pytest.config import _PluggyPlugin
     from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
     from _pytest.fixtures import FixtureDef
     from _pytest.fixtures import SubRequest
@@ -54,24 +56,41 @@ def pytest_addhooks(pluginmanager: "PytestPluginManager") -> None:
     """Called at plugin registration time to allow adding new hooks via a call to
     :func:`pluginmanager.add_hookspecs(module_or_class, prefix) <pytest.PytestPluginManager.add_hookspecs>`.
 
-    :param pytest.PytestPluginManager pluginmanager: The pytest plugin manager.
+    :param pluginmanager: The pytest plugin manager.
 
     .. note::
         This hook is incompatible with hook wrappers.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    If a conftest plugin implements this hook, it will be called immediately
+    when the conftest is registered.
     """
 
 
 @hookspec(historic=True)
 def pytest_plugin_registered(
-    plugin: "_PluggyPlugin", manager: "PytestPluginManager"
+    plugin: "_PluggyPlugin",
+    plugin_name: str,
+    manager: "PytestPluginManager",
 ) -> None:
     """A new pytest plugin got registered.
 
     :param plugin: The plugin module or instance.
-    :param pytest.PytestPluginManager manager: pytest plugin manager.
+    :param plugin_name: The name by which the plugin is registered.
+    :param manager: The pytest plugin manager.
 
     .. note::
         This hook is incompatible with hook wrappers.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    If a conftest plugin implements this hook, it will be called immediately
+    when the conftest is registered, once for each plugin registered thus far
+    (including itself!), and for all plugins thereafter when they are
+    registered.
     """
 
 
@@ -80,19 +99,13 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser: "Parser", pluginmanager: "PytestPluginManager") ->
     """Register argparse-style options and ini-style config values,
     called once at the beginning of a test run.
 
-    .. note::
+    :param parser:
-
-        This function should be implemented only in plugins or ``conftest.py``
-        files situated at the tests root directory due to how pytest
-        :ref:`discovers plugins during startup <pluginorder>`.
-
-    :param pytest.Parser parser:
         To add command line options, call
         :py:func:`parser.addoption(...) <pytest.Parser.addoption>`.
         To add ini-file values call :py:func:`parser.addini(...)
         <pytest.Parser.addini>`.
 
-    :param pytest.PytestPluginManager pluginmanager:
+    :param pluginmanager:
         The pytest plugin manager, which can be used to install :py:func:`~pytest.hookspec`'s
         or :py:func:`~pytest.hookimpl`'s and allow one plugin to call another plugin's hooks
         to change how command line options are added.
@@ -111,6 +124,14 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser: "Parser", pluginmanager: "PytestPluginManager") ->
 
     .. note::
         This hook is incompatible with hook wrappers.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    If a conftest plugin implements this hook, it will be called immediately
+    when the conftest is registered.
+
+    This hook is only called for :ref:`initial conftests <pluginorder>`.
     """
 
 
@@ -118,16 +139,17 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser: "Parser", pluginmanager: "PytestPluginManager") ->
 def pytest_configure(config: "Config") -> None:
     """Allow plugins and conftest files to perform initial configuration.
 
-    This hook is called for every plugin and initial conftest file
-    after command line options have been parsed.
-
-    After that, the hook is called for other conftest files as they are
-    imported.
-
     .. note::
         This hook is incompatible with hook wrappers.
 
-    :param pytest.Config config: The pytest config object.
+    :param config: The pytest config object.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    This hook is called for every :ref:`initial conftest <pluginorder>` file
+    after command line options have been parsed. After that, the hook is called
+    for other conftest files as they are registered.
     """
 
 
@@ -146,40 +168,54 @@ def pytest_cmdline_parse(
     Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult`.
 
     .. note::
-        This hook will only be called for plugin classes passed to the
+        This hook is only called for plugin classes passed to the
         ``plugins`` arg when using `pytest.main`_ to perform an in-process
         test run.
 
     :param pluginmanager: The pytest plugin manager.
     :param args: List of arguments passed on the command line.
     :returns: A pytest config object.
-    """
 
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
 
-@hookspec(firstresult=True)
+    This hook is not called for conftest files.
-def pytest_cmdline_main(config: "Config") -> Optional[Union["ExitCode", int]]:
-    """Called for performing the main command line action. The default
-    implementation will invoke the configure hooks and runtest_mainloop.
-
-    Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult`.
-
-    :param config: The pytest config object.
-    :returns: The exit code.
     """
 
 
 def pytest_load_initial_conftests(
     early_config: "Config", parser: "Parser", args: List[str]
 ) -> None:
-    """Called to implement the loading of initial conftest files ahead
+    """Called to implement the loading of :ref:`initial conftest files
-    of command line option parsing.
+    <pluginorder>` ahead of command line option parsing.
-
-    .. note::
-        This hook will not be called for ``conftest.py`` files, only for setuptools plugins.
 
     :param early_config: The pytest config object.
     :param args: Arguments passed on the command line.
     :param parser: To add command line options.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    This hook is not called for conftest files.
+    """
+
+
+@hookspec(firstresult=True)
+def pytest_cmdline_main(config: "Config") -> Optional[Union["ExitCode", int]]:
+    """Called for performing the main command line action.
+
+    The default implementation will invoke the configure hooks and
+    :hook:`pytest_runtestloop`.
+
+    Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult`.
+
+    :param config: The pytest config object.
+    :returns: The exit code.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    This hook is only called for :ref:`initial conftests <pluginorder>`.
     """
 
 
@@ -222,6 +258,11 @@ def pytest_collection(session: "Session") -> Optional[object]:
     counter (and returns `None`).
 
     :param session: The pytest session object.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    This hook is only called for :ref:`initial conftests <pluginorder>`.
     """
 
 
@@ -234,6 +275,11 @@ def pytest_collection_modifyitems(
     :param session: The pytest session object.
     :param config: The pytest config object.
     :param items: List of item objects.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest plugin can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -241,6 +287,11 @@ def pytest_collection_finish(session: "Session") -> None:
     """Called after collection has been performed and modified.
 
     :param session: The pytest session object.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest plugin can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -263,6 +314,14 @@ def pytest_ignore_collect(collection_path: Path, config: "Config") -> Optional[b
 
     .. versionchanged:: 8.0.0
         The ``path`` parameter has been removed.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given collection path, only
+    conftest files in parent directories of the collection path are consulted
+    (if the path is a directory, its own conftest file is *not* consulted - a
+    directory cannot ignore itself!).
     """
 
 
@@ -284,6 +343,14 @@ def pytest_collect_directory(path: Path, parent: "Collector") -> "Optional[Colle
 
     See :ref:`custom directory collectors` for a simple example of use of this
     hook.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given collection path, only
+    conftest files in parent directories of the collection path are consulted
+    (if the path is a directory, its own conftest file is *not* consulted - a
+    directory cannot collect itself!).
     """
 
 
@@ -304,6 +371,12 @@ def pytest_collect_file(file_path: Path, parent: "Collector") -> "Optional[Colle
 
     .. versionchanged:: 8.0.0
         The ``path`` parameter was removed.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given file path, only
+    conftest files in parent directories of the file path are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -315,6 +388,13 @@ def pytest_collectstart(collector: "Collector") -> None:
 
     :param collector:
         The collector.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given collector, only
+    conftest files in the collector's directory and its parent directories are
+    consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -323,6 +403,12 @@ def pytest_itemcollected(item: "Item") -> None:
 
     :param item:
         The item.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only conftest
+    files in the item's directory and its parent directories are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -331,6 +417,13 @@ def pytest_collectreport(report: "CollectReport") -> None:
 
     :param report:
         The collect report.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given collector, only
+    conftest files in the collector's directory and its parent directories are
+    consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -341,6 +434,11 @@ def pytest_deselected(items: Sequence["Item"]) -> None:
 
     :param items:
         The items.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -353,6 +451,13 @@ def pytest_make_collect_report(collector: "Collector") -> "Optional[CollectRepor
 
     :param collector:
         The collector.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given collector, only
+    conftest files in the collector's directory and its parent directories are
+    consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -380,6 +485,13 @@ def pytest_pycollect_makemodule(module_path: Path, parent) -> Optional["Module"]
 
     .. versionchanged:: 8.0.0
         The ``path`` parameter has been removed in favor of ``module_path``.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given parent collector,
+    only conftest files in the collector's directory and its parent directories
+    are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -399,6 +511,13 @@ def pytest_pycollect_makeitem(
         The object.
     :returns:
         The created items/collectors.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given collector, only
+    conftest files in the collector's directory and its parent directories
+    are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -410,6 +529,13 @@ def pytest_pyfunc_call(pyfuncitem: "Function") -> Optional[object]:
 
     :param pyfuncitem:
         The function item.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only
+    conftest files in the item's directory and its parent directories
+    are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -418,6 +544,13 @@ def pytest_generate_tests(metafunc: "Metafunc") -> None:
 
     :param metafunc:
         The :class:`~pytest.Metafunc` helper for the test function.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given function definition,
+    only conftest files in the functions's directory and its parent directories
+    are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -435,7 +568,12 @@ def pytest_make_parametrize_id(
 
     :param config: The pytest config object.
     :param val: The parametrized value.
-    :param str argname: The automatic parameter name produced by pytest.
+    :param argname: The automatic parameter name produced by pytest.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -462,6 +600,11 @@ def pytest_runtestloop(session: "Session") -> Optional[object]:
 
     Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult`.
     The return value is not used, but only stops further processing.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -500,6 +643,11 @@ def pytest_runtest_protocol(
 
     Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult`.
     The return value is not used, but only stops further processing.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -514,6 +662,12 @@ def pytest_runtest_logstart(
     :param location: A tuple of ``(filename, lineno, testname)``
         where ``filename`` is a file path relative to ``config.rootpath``
         and ``lineno`` is 0-based.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only conftest
+    files in the item's directory and its parent directories are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -528,6 +682,12 @@ def pytest_runtest_logfinish(
     :param location: A tuple of ``(filename, lineno, testname)``
         where ``filename`` is a file path relative to ``config.rootpath``
         and ``lineno`` is 0-based.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only conftest
+    files in the item's directory and its parent directories are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -541,6 +701,12 @@ def pytest_runtest_setup(item: "Item") -> None:
 
     :param item:
         The item.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only conftest
+    files in the item's directory and its parent directories are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -551,6 +717,12 @@ def pytest_runtest_call(item: "Item") -> None:
 
     :param item:
         The item.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only conftest
+    files in the item's directory and its parent directories are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -569,6 +741,12 @@ def pytest_runtest_teardown(item: "Item", nextitem: Optional["Item"]) -> None:
         scheduled). This argument is used to perform exact teardowns, i.e.
         calling just enough finalizers so that nextitem only needs to call
         setup functions.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only conftest
+    files in the item's directory and its parent directories are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -585,6 +763,12 @@ def pytest_runtest_makereport(
     :param call: The :class:`~pytest.CallInfo` for the phase.
 
     Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult`.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only conftest
+    files in the item's directory and its parent directories are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -593,6 +777,12 @@ def pytest_runtest_logreport(report: "TestReport") -> None:
     of the setup, call and teardown runtest phases of an item.
 
     See :hook:`pytest_runtest_protocol` for a description of the runtest protocol.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only conftest
+    files in the item's directory and its parent directories are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -606,6 +796,12 @@ def pytest_report_to_serializable(
 
     :param config: The pytest config object.
     :param report: The report.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. The exact details may depend
+    on the plugin which calls the hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -618,6 +814,12 @@ def pytest_report_from_serializable(
     :hook:`pytest_report_to_serializable`.
 
     :param config: The pytest config object.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. The exact details may depend
+    on the plugin which calls the hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -645,6 +847,13 @@ def pytest_fixture_setup(
         If the fixture function returns None, other implementations of
         this hook function will continue to be called, according to the
         behavior of the :ref:`firstresult` option.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given fixture, only
+    conftest files in the fixture scope's directory and its parent directories
+    are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -659,6 +868,13 @@ def pytest_fixture_post_finalizer(
         The fixture definition object.
     :param request:
         The fixture request object.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given fixture, only
+    conftest files in the fixture scope's directory and its parent directories
+    are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -672,6 +888,11 @@ def pytest_sessionstart(session: "Session") -> None:
     and entering the run test loop.
 
     :param session: The pytest session object.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    This hook is only called for :ref:`initial conftests <pluginorder>`.
     """
 
 
@@ -683,6 +904,11 @@ def pytest_sessionfinish(
 
     :param session: The pytest session object.
     :param exitstatus: The status which pytest will return to the system.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -690,6 +916,11 @@ def pytest_unconfigure(config: "Config") -> None:
     """Called before test process is exited.
 
     :param config: The pytest config object.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -712,6 +943,12 @@ def pytest_assertrepr_compare(
     :param op: The operator, e.g. `"=="`, `"!="`, `"not in"`.
     :param left: The left operand.
     :param right: The right operand.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only conftest
+    files in the item's directory and its parent directories are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -740,6 +977,12 @@ def pytest_assertion_pass(item: "Item", lineno: int, orig: str, expl: str) -> No
     :param lineno: Line number of the assert statement.
     :param orig: String with the original assertion.
     :param expl: String with the assert explanation.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only conftest
+    files in the item's directory and its parent directories are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -764,18 +1007,17 @@ def pytest_report_header(  # type:ignore[empty-body]
         If you want to have your line(s) displayed first, use
         :ref:`trylast=True <plugin-hookorder>`.
 
-    .. note::
-
-        This function should be implemented only in plugins or ``conftest.py``
-        files situated at the tests root directory due to how pytest
-        :ref:`discovers plugins during startup <pluginorder>`.
-
     .. versionchanged:: 7.0.0
         The ``start_path`` parameter was added as a :class:`pathlib.Path`
         equivalent of the ``startdir`` parameter.
 
     .. versionchanged:: 8.0.0
         The ``startdir`` parameter has been removed.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    This hook is only called for :ref:`initial conftests <pluginorder>`.
     """
 
 
@@ -809,6 +1051,11 @@ def pytest_report_collectionfinish(  # type:ignore[empty-body]
 
     .. versionchanged:: 8.0.0
         The ``startdir`` parameter has been removed.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest plugin can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -837,6 +1084,11 @@ def pytest_report_teststatus(  # type:ignore[empty-body]
     :returns: The test status.
 
     Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult`.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest plugin can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -853,6 +1105,11 @@ def pytest_terminal_summary(
 
     .. versionadded:: 4.2
         The ``config`` parameter.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest plugin can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -877,7 +1134,8 @@ def pytest_warning_recorded(
         * ``"runtest"``: during test execution.
 
     :param nodeid:
-        Full id of the item.
+        Full id of the item. Empty string for warnings that are not specific to
+        a particular node.
 
     :param location:
         When available, holds information about the execution context of the captured
@@ -885,6 +1143,13 @@ def pytest_warning_recorded(
         when the execution context is at the module level.
 
     .. versionadded:: 6.0
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. If the warning is specific to a
+    particular node, only conftest files in parent directories of the node are
+    consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -908,6 +1173,12 @@ def pytest_markeval_namespace(  # type:ignore[empty-body]
 
     :param config: The pytest config object.
     :returns: A dictionary of additional globals to add.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given item, only conftest
+    files in parent directories of the item are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -927,6 +1198,11 @@ def pytest_internalerror(
 
     :param excrepr: The exception repr object.
     :param excinfo: The exception info.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest plugin can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -936,6 +1212,11 @@ def pytest_keyboard_interrupt(
     """Called for keyboard interrupt.
 
     :param excinfo: The exception info.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest plugin can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -962,6 +1243,12 @@ def pytest_exception_interact(
         The call information. Contains the exception.
     :param report:
         The collection or test report.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest file can implement this hook. For a given node, only conftest
+    files in parent directories of the node are consulted.
     """
 
 
@@ -973,6 +1260,11 @@ def pytest_enter_pdb(config: "Config", pdb: "pdb.Pdb") -> None:
 
     :param config: The pytest config object.
     :param pdb: The Pdb instance.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest plugin can implement this hook.
     """
 
 
@@ -984,4 +1276,9 @@ def pytest_leave_pdb(config: "Config", pdb: "pdb.Pdb") -> None:
 
     :param config: The pytest config object.
     :param pdb: The Pdb instance.
+
+    Use in conftest plugins
+    =======================
+
+    Any conftest plugin can implement this hook.
     """

src/_pytest/junitxml.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Report test results in JUnit-XML format, for use with Jenkins and build
 integration servers.
 
@@ -6,12 +7,11 @@ Based on initial code from Ross Lawley.
 Output conforms to
 https://github.com/jenkinsci/xunit-plugin/blob/master/src/main/resources/org/jenkinsci/plugins/xunit/types/model/xsd/junit-10.xsd
 """
+from datetime import datetime
 import functools
 import os
 import platform
 import re
-import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
-from datetime import datetime
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import Dict
 from typing import List
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ from typing import Match
 from typing import Optional
 from typing import Tuple
 from typing import Union
+import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
 
-import pytest
 from _pytest import nodes
 from _pytest import timing
 from _pytest._code.code import ExceptionRepr
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ from _pytest.fixtures import FixtureRequest
 from _pytest.reports import TestReport
 from _pytest.stash import StashKey
 from _pytest.terminal import TerminalReporter
+import pytest
 
 
 xml_key = StashKey["LogXML"]()
@@ -248,7 +249,9 @@ class _NodeReporter:
                 skipreason = skipreason[9:]
             details = f"{filename}:{lineno}: {skipreason}"
 
-            skipped = ET.Element("skipped", type="pytest.skip", message=skipreason)
+            skipped = ET.Element(
+                "skipped", type="pytest.skip", message=bin_xml_escape(skipreason)
+            )
             skipped.text = bin_xml_escape(details)
             self.append(skipped)
             self.write_captured_output(report)
@@ -271,9 +274,7 @@ def _warn_incompatibility_with_xunit2(
     if xml is not None and xml.family not in ("xunit1", "legacy"):
         request.node.warn(
             PytestWarning(
-                "{fixture_name} is incompatible with junit_family '{family}' (use 'legacy' or 'xunit1')".format(
+                f"{fixture_name} is incompatible with junit_family '{xml.family}' (use 'legacy' or 'xunit1')"
-                    fixture_name=fixture_name, family=xml.family
-                )
             )
         )
 
@@ -365,7 +366,6 @@ def record_testsuite_property(request: FixtureRequest) -> Callable[[str, object]
         `pytest-xdist <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-xdist>`__ plugin. See
         :issue:`7767` for details.
     """
-
     __tracebackhide__ = True
 
     def record_func(name: str, value: object) -> None:
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ def record_testsuite_property(request: FixtureRequest) -> Callable[[str, object]
 
     xml = request.config.stash.get(xml_key, None)
     if xml is not None:
-        record_func = xml.add_global_property  # noqa
+        record_func = xml.add_global_property
     return record_func
 
 
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ class LogXML:
     def update_testcase_duration(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
         """Accumulate total duration for nodeid from given report and update
         the Junit.testcase with the new total if already created."""
-        if self.report_duration == "total" or report.when == self.report_duration:
+        if self.report_duration in {"total", report.when}:
             reporter = self.node_reporter(report)
             reporter.duration += getattr(report, "duration", 0.0)
 

src/_pytest/legacypath.py

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Add backward compatibility support for the legacy py path type."""
 import dataclasses
 import os
+from pathlib import Path
 import shlex
 import subprocess
-from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Final
 from typing import final
 from typing import List
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ from typing import Union
 from iniconfig import SectionWrapper
 
 import py
+
 from _pytest.cacheprovider import Cache
 from _pytest.config import Config
 from _pytest.config import hookimpl
@@ -32,6 +34,7 @@ from _pytest.pytester import RunResult
 from _pytest.terminal import TerminalReporter
 from _pytest.tmpdir import TempPathFactory
 
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     import pexpect
 
@@ -326,8 +329,8 @@ class LegacyTmpdirPlugin:
 
         By default, a new base temporary directory is created each test session,
         and old bases are removed after 3 sessions, to aid in debugging. If
-        ``--basetemp`` is used then it is cleared each session. See :ref:`base
+        ``--basetemp`` is used then it is cleared each session. See
-        temporary directory`.
+        :ref:`temporary directory location and retention`.
 
         The returned object is a `legacy_path`_ object.
 

src/_pytest/logging.py

@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
 """Access and control log capturing."""
-import io
-import logging
-import os
-import re
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from contextlib import nullcontext
 from datetime import datetime
 from datetime import timedelta
 from datetime import timezone
+import io
 from io import StringIO
+import logging
 from logging import LogRecord
+import os
 from pathlib import Path
+import re
 from types import TracebackType
 from typing import AbstractSet
 from typing import Dict
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ from _pytest.main import Session
 from _pytest.stash import StashKey
 from _pytest.terminal import TerminalReporter
 
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     logging_StreamHandler = logging.StreamHandler[StringIO]
 else:
@@ -71,7 +73,8 @@ class DatetimeFormatter(logging.Formatter):
             tz = timezone(timedelta(seconds=ct.tm_gmtoff), ct.tm_zone)
             # Construct `datetime.datetime` object from `struct_time`
             # and msecs information from `record`
-            dt = datetime(*ct[0:6], microsecond=round(record.msecs * 1000), tzinfo=tz)
+            # Using int() instead of round() to avoid it exceeding 1_000_000 and causing a ValueError (#11861).
+            dt = datetime(*ct[0:6], microsecond=int(record.msecs * 1000), tzinfo=tz)
             return dt.strftime(datefmt)
         # Use `logging.Formatter` for non-microsecond formats
         return super().formatTime(record, datefmt)
@@ -114,7 +117,6 @@ class ColoredLevelFormatter(DatetimeFormatter):
         .. warning::
             This is an experimental API.
         """
-
         assert self._fmt is not None
         levelname_fmt_match = self.LEVELNAME_FMT_REGEX.search(self._fmt)
         if not levelname_fmt_match:
@@ -181,7 +183,6 @@ class PercentStyleMultiline(logging.PercentStyle):
             0 (auto-indent turned off) or
             >0 (explicitly set indentation position).
         """
-
         if auto_indent_option is None:
             return 0
         elif isinstance(auto_indent_option, bool):
@@ -297,6 +298,13 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
         default=None,
         help="Path to a file when logging will be written to",
     )
+    add_option_ini(
+        "--log-file-mode",
+        dest="log_file_mode",
+        default="w",
+        choices=["w", "a"],
+        help="Log file open mode",
+    )
     add_option_ini(
         "--log-file-level",
         dest="log_file_level",
@@ -623,9 +631,9 @@ def get_log_level_for_setting(config: Config, *setting_names: str) -> Optional[i
     except ValueError as e:
         # Python logging does not recognise this as a logging level
         raise UsageError(
-            "'{}' is not recognized as a logging level name for "
+            f"'{log_level}' is not recognized as a logging level name for "
-            "'{}'. Please consider passing the "
+            f"'{setting_name}'. Please consider passing the "
-            "logging level num instead.".format(log_level, setting_name)
+            "logging level num instead."
         ) from e
 
 
@@ -668,7 +676,10 @@ class LoggingPlugin:
             if not os.path.isdir(directory):
                 os.makedirs(directory)
 
-        self.log_file_handler = _FileHandler(log_file, mode="w", encoding="UTF-8")
+        self.log_file_mode = get_option_ini(config, "log_file_mode") or "w"
+        self.log_file_handler = _FileHandler(
+            log_file, mode=self.log_file_mode, encoding="UTF-8"
+        )
         log_file_format = get_option_ini(config, "log_file_format", "log_format")
         log_file_date_format = get_option_ini(
             config, "log_file_date_format", "log_date_format"
@@ -745,7 +756,7 @@ class LoggingPlugin:
             fpath.parent.mkdir(exist_ok=True, parents=True)
 
         # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/11193
-        stream: io.TextIOWrapper = fpath.open(mode="w", encoding="UTF-8")  # type: ignore[assignment]
+        stream: io.TextIOWrapper = fpath.open(mode=self.log_file_mode, encoding="UTF-8")  # type: ignore[assignment]
         old_stream = self.log_file_handler.setStream(stream)
         if old_stream:
             old_stream.close()

src/_pytest/main.py

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 """Core implementation of the testing process: init, session, runtest loop."""
+
 import argparse
 import dataclasses
 import fnmatch
 import functools
 import importlib
 import os
-import sys
-import warnings
 from pathlib import Path
+import sys
 from typing import AbstractSet
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import Dict
@@ -21,12 +21,14 @@ from typing import Optional
 from typing import overload
 from typing import Sequence
 from typing import Tuple
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Union
+import warnings
 
 import pluggy
 
-import _pytest._code
 from _pytest import nodes
+import _pytest._code
 from _pytest.config import Config
 from _pytest.config import directory_arg
 from _pytest.config import ExitCode
@@ -48,6 +50,10 @@ from _pytest.runner import SetupState
 from _pytest.warning_types import PytestWarning
 
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing import Self
+
+
 def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
     parser.addini(
         "norecursedirs",
@@ -376,6 +382,9 @@ def _in_venv(path: Path) -> bool:
 
 
 def pytest_ignore_collect(collection_path: Path, config: Config) -> Optional[bool]:
+    if collection_path.name == "__pycache__":
+        return True
+
     ignore_paths = config._getconftest_pathlist(
         "collect_ignore", path=collection_path.parent
     )
@@ -487,16 +496,16 @@ class Dir(nodes.Directory):
     @classmethod
     def from_parent(  # type: ignore[override]
         cls,
-        parent: nodes.Collector,  # type: ignore[override]
+        parent: nodes.Collector,
         *,
         path: Path,
-    ) -> "Dir":
+    ) -> "Self":
         """The public constructor.
 
         :param parent: The parent collector of this Dir.
         :param path: The directory's path.
         """
-        return super().from_parent(parent=parent, path=path)  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+        return super().from_parent(parent=parent, path=path)
 
     def collect(self) -> Iterable[Union[nodes.Item, nodes.Collector]]:
         config = self.config
@@ -505,8 +514,6 @@ class Dir(nodes.Directory):
         ihook = self.ihook
         for direntry in scandir(self.path):
             if direntry.is_dir():
-                if direntry.name == "__pycache__":
-                    continue
                 path = Path(direntry.path)
                 if not self.session.isinitpath(path, with_parents=True):
                     if ihook.pytest_ignore_collect(collection_path=path, config=config):
@@ -724,12 +731,12 @@ class Session(nodes.Collector):
         ...
 
     @overload
-    def perform_collect(  # noqa: F811
+    def perform_collect(
         self, args: Optional[Sequence[str]] = ..., genitems: bool = ...
     ) -> Sequence[Union[nodes.Item, nodes.Collector]]:
         ...
 
-    def perform_collect(  # noqa: F811
+    def perform_collect(
         self, args: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None, genitems: bool = True
     ) -> Sequence[Union[nodes.Item, nodes.Collector]]:
         """Perform the collection phase for this session.
@@ -895,10 +902,14 @@ class Session(nodes.Collector):
 
                 # Prune this level.
                 any_matched_in_collector = False
-                for node in subnodes:
+                for node in reversed(subnodes):
                     # Path part e.g. `/a/b/` in `/a/b/test_file.py::TestIt::test_it`.
                     if isinstance(matchparts[0], Path):
                         is_match = node.path == matchparts[0]
+                        if sys.platform == "win32" and not is_match:
+                            # In case the file paths do not match, fallback to samefile() to
+                            # account for short-paths on Windows (#11895).
+                            is_match = os.path.samefile(node.path, matchparts[0])
                     # Name part e.g. `TestIt` in `/a/b/test_file.py::TestIt::test_it`.
                     else:
                         # TODO: Remove parametrized workaround once collection structure contains