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			热身赛一级赛题1, 实现哈希表
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			@ -239,6 +239,10 @@ menu "test app"
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            menuconfig USER_TEST_TIMER
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                bool "Config test soft timer"
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                default n
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            menuconfig USER_TEST_HASH
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                bool "Config test hash"
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                default n
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        endif
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endmenu
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			@ -100,6 +100,10 @@ ifeq ($(CONFIG_ADD_XIZI_FETURES),y)
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    ifeq ($(CONFIG_USER_TEST_TIMER),y)
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        SRC_FILES += test_timer.c
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    endif    
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    ifeq ($(CONFIG_USER_TEST_HASH),y)
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        SRC_FILES += test_hash/test_hash.c
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    endif  
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    include $(KERNEL_ROOT)/compiler.mk
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endif
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			@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
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# 基于cortex-m3-emulator实现哈希表并测试验证##
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## 1. 简介
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利用c语言实现了哈希表(HashMap),包括添加键值对(Put),获取键对应的值(Get), 删除健(Delete),清空哈希表(Clear), 迭代遍历哈希表(hashMapIterator)等功能
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操作。
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利用数组(Entry)作为存储空间,利用链表(*next)解决冲突。当哈希表的大小超过数组大小后,为避免发生冲突过多的情况,可以对哈希表扩容。
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## 2. 数据结构设计说明
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键值对结构
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typedef struct entry {
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    void * key;             // 键
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    void * value;           // 值
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    struct entry * next;    // 冲突链表
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}*Entry;
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哈希结构
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typedef struct hashMap {
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    int size;           // 当前大小
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    int listSize;       // 有效空间大小
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    HashCode hashCode;  // 哈希函数
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    Equal equal;        // 判等函数
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    Entry list;         // 存储区域
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    Put put;            // 添加键的函数
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    Get get;            // 获取键对应值的函数
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    Remove remove;      // 删除键
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    Clear clear;        // 清空Map
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    Exists exists;      // 判断键是否存在
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    Boolean autoAssign;	// 设定是否根据当前数据量动态调整内存大小,默认开启
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}*HashMap;
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包括以下函数功能,分别为:
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`createHashMap`:创建一个哈希结构
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`defaultPut`:添加键值对
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`defaultGet`:获取键对应值
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`defaultRemove`:删除指定键的键值对
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`defaultExists`:判断键值是否存在
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`defaultClear`:清空Map的函数类型
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`resetHashMap`:重新构建哈希表
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## 3. 测试程序说明
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测试了哈希表的插入键值对(Put),判断键是否存在(Exist),获取键对应的值(Get), 删除健(Delete),迭代遍历哈希表(hashMapIterator),清空哈希表(Clear)等操作。
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并展示了利用链地址法解决哈希冲突的示例, 两个不同的人(Bob和Li Ming)的hashcode相同。
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## 4. 运行结果(##需结合运行测试截图按步骤说明##)
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打开menuconfig之后,将test_hash_map开启(y),保存后退出
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编译XiZi-cortex-m3-emulator.elf成功
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启动qemu模拟Xiuos操作系统,验证TestHash注册Shell命令
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执行TestHash命令,打印测试结果。
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			@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
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/**
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* @file:    test_hash.c
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* @brief:   a application of test hash function
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* @version: 3.0
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* @author:  Yao wenying
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* @date:    2023/05/26
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*/
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#include <transform.h>
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#include"test_hash.h"
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int defaultHashCode(HashMap hashMap, let key) {
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	char * k = (char *)key;
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	unsigned long h = 0;
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	while (*k) {
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		h = (h << 4) + *k++;
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		unsigned long g = h & 0xF0000000L;
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		if (g) {
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			h ^= g >> 24;
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		}
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		h &= ~g;
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	}
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	return h % hashMap->listSize;
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}
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Boolean defaultEqual(let key1, let key2) {
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	return strcmp((string)key1, (string)key2) ? False : True;
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}
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void resetHashMap(HashMap hashMap, int listSize) {
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	if (listSize < 8) return;
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	// 键值对临时存储空间
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	Entry tempList = newEntryList(hashMap->size);
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	HashMapIterator iterator = createHashMapIterator(hashMap);
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	int length = hashMap->size;
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	for (int index = 0; hasNextHashMapIterator(iterator); index++) {
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		// 迭代取出所有键值对
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		iterator = nextHashMapIterator(iterator);
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		tempList[index].key = iterator->entry->key;
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		tempList[index].value = iterator->entry->value;
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		tempList[index].next = NULL;
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	}
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	freeHashMapIterator(&iterator);
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	// 清除原有键值对数据
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	hashMap->size = 0;
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	for (int i = 0; i < hashMap->listSize; i++) {
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		Entry current = &hashMap->list[i];
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		current->key = NULL;
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		current->value = NULL;
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		if (current->next != NULL) {
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			while (current->next != NULL) {
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				Entry temp = current->next->next;
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				free(current->next);
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				current->next = temp;
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			}
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		}
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	}
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	// 更改内存大小
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	hashMap->listSize = listSize;
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	Entry relist = (Entry)realloc(hashMap->list, hashMap->listSize * sizeof(struct entry));
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	if (relist != NULL) {
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		hashMap->list = relist;
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		relist = NULL;
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	}
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	// 初始化数据
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	for (int i = 0; i < hashMap->listSize; i++) {
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		hashMap->list[i].key = NULL;
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		hashMap->list[i].value = NULL;
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		hashMap->list[i].next = NULL;
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	}
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	// 将所有键值对重新写入内存
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	for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
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		hashMap->put(hashMap, tempList[i].key, tempList[i].value);
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	}
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	free(tempList);
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}
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void defaultPut(HashMap hashMap, let key, let value) {
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	// 获取哈希值
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	int index = hashMap->hashCode(hashMap, key);
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	if (hashMap->list[index].key == NULL) {
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		hashMap->size++;
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		// 该地址为空时直接存储
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		hashMap->list[index].key = key;
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		hashMap->list[index].value = value;
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	}
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	else {
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		Entry current = &hashMap->list[index];
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		while (current != NULL) {
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			if (hashMap->equal(key, current->key)) {
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				// 对于键值已经存在的直接覆盖
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				current->value = value;
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				return;
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			}
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			current = current->next;
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		};
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		// 发生冲突则创建节点挂到相应位置的next上
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		Entry entry = newEntry();
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		entry->key = key;
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		entry->value = value;
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		entry->next = hashMap->list[index].next;
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		hashMap->list[index].next = entry;
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		hashMap->size++;
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	}
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	if (hashMap->autoAssign && hashMap->size >= hashMap->listSize) {
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		// 内存扩充至原来的两倍
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		// *注: 扩充时考虑的是当前存储元素数量与存储空间的大小关系,而不是存储空间是否已经存满,
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		// 例如: 存储空间为10,存入了10个键值对,但是全部冲突了,所以存储空间空着9个,其余的全部挂在一个上面,
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		// 这样检索的时候和遍历查询没有什么区别了,可以简单这样理解,当我存入第11个键值对的时候一定会发生冲突,
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		// 这是由哈希函数本身的特性(取模)决定的,冲突就会导致检索变慢,所以这时候扩充存储空间,对原有键值对进行
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		// 再次散列,会把冲突的数据再次分散开,加快索引定位速度。
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		resetHashMap(hashMap, hashMap->listSize * 2);
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	}
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}
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let defaultGet(HashMap hashMap, let key) {
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	if (hashMap->exists(hashMap, key)) {
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		int index = hashMap->hashCode(hashMap, key);
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		Entry entry = &hashMap->list[index];
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		while (entry != NULL) {
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			if (hashMap->equal(entry->key, key)) {
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				return entry->value;
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			}
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			entry = entry->next;
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		}
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	}
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	return NULL;
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}
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let defaultRemove(HashMap hashMap, let key) {
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	int index = hashMap->hashCode(hashMap, key);
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	Entry entry = &hashMap->list[index];
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	if (entry->key == NULL) {
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		return NULL;
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	}
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    let entryKey = entry->key;
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	Boolean result = False;
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	if (hashMap->equal(entry->key, key)) {
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		hashMap->size--;
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		if (entry->next != NULL) {
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			Entry temp = entry->next;
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			entry->key = temp->key;
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			entry->value = temp->value;
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			entry->next = temp->next;
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			free(temp);
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		}
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        else {
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            entry->key = NULL;
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            entry->value = NULL;
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        }
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		result = True;
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	}
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	else {
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		Entry p = entry;
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		entry = entry->next;
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		while (entry != NULL) {
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			if (hashMap->equal(entry->key, key)) {
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				hashMap->size--;
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				p->next = entry->next;
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				free(entry);
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				result = True;
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				break;
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			}
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			p = entry;
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			entry = entry->next;
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		};
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	}
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	// 如果空间占用不足一半,则释放多余内存
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	if (result && hashMap->autoAssign &&  hashMap->size < hashMap->listSize / 2) {
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		resetHashMap(hashMap, hashMap->listSize / 2);
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	}
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	return entryKey;
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}
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Boolean defaultExists(HashMap hashMap, let key) {
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	int index = hashMap->hashCode(hashMap, key);
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	Entry entry = &hashMap->list[index];
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	if (entry->key == NULL) {
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		return False;
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	}
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	else {
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		while (entry != NULL) {
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			if (hashMap->equal(entry->key, key)) {
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				return True;
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			}
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			entry = entry->next;
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		}
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		return False;
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	}
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}
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void defaultClear(HashMap hashMap) {
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	for (int i = 0; i < hashMap->listSize; i++) {
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		// 释放冲突值内存
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		Entry entry = hashMap->list[i].next;
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		while (entry != NULL) {
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			Entry next = entry->next;
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			free(entry);
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			entry = next;
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		}
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		hashMap->list[i].next = NULL;
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	}
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	// 释放存储空间
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	free(hashMap->list);
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	hashMap->list = NULL;
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	hashMap->size = -1;
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	hashMap->listSize = 0;
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}
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HashMap createHashMap(HashCode hashCode, Equal equal) {
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	HashMap hashMap = newHashMap();
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	if (hashMap == NULL) {
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		return NULL;
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	}
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	hashMap->size = 0;
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	hashMap->listSize = 8;
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	hashMap->hashCode = hashCode == NULL ? defaultHashCode : hashCode;
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	hashMap->equal = equal == NULL ? defaultEqual : equal;
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	hashMap->exists = defaultExists;
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	hashMap->get = defaultGet;
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	hashMap->put = defaultPut;
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	hashMap->remove = defaultRemove;
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	hashMap->clear = defaultClear;
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	hashMap->autoAssign = True;
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	// 起始分配8个内存空间,溢出时会自动扩充
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	hashMap->list = newEntryList(hashMap->listSize);
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	if (hashMap->list == NULL) {
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		return NULL;
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	}
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	Entry p = hashMap->list;
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	for (int i = 0; i < hashMap->listSize; i++) {
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		p[i].key = p[i].value = p[i].next = NULL;
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	}
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	return hashMap;
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}
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HashMapIterator createHashMapIterator(HashMap hashMap) {
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	HashMapIterator iterator = newHashMapIterator();
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	if (iterator == NULL) {
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		return NULL;
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	}
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	iterator->hashMap = hashMap;
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	iterator->count = 0;
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	iterator->hashCode = -1;
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	iterator->entry = NULL;
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	return iterator;
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}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
Boolean hasNextHashMapIterator(HashMapIterator iterator) {
 | 
			
		||||
	return iterator->count < iterator->hashMap->size ? True : False;
 | 
			
		||||
}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
HashMapIterator nextHashMapIterator(HashMapIterator iterator) {
 | 
			
		||||
	if (hasNextHashMapIterator(iterator)) {
 | 
			
		||||
		if (iterator->entry != NULL && iterator->entry->next != NULL) {
 | 
			
		||||
			iterator->count++;
 | 
			
		||||
			iterator->entry = iterator->entry->next;
 | 
			
		||||
			return iterator;
 | 
			
		||||
		}
 | 
			
		||||
		while (++iterator->hashCode < iterator->hashMap->listSize) {
 | 
			
		||||
			Entry entry = &iterator->hashMap->list[iterator->hashCode];
 | 
			
		||||
			if (entry->key != NULL) {
 | 
			
		||||
				iterator->count++;
 | 
			
		||||
				iterator->entry = entry;
 | 
			
		||||
				break;
 | 
			
		||||
			}
 | 
			
		||||
		}
 | 
			
		||||
	}
 | 
			
		||||
	return iterator;
 | 
			
		||||
}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
void freeHashMapIterator(HashMapIterator * iterator) {
 | 
			
		||||
	free(*iterator);
 | 
			
		||||
	*iterator = NULL;
 | 
			
		||||
}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
#define Put(map, key, value) map->put(map, (void *)key, (void *)value);
 | 
			
		||||
#define Get(map, key) (char *)map->get(map, (void *)key)
 | 
			
		||||
#define Remove(map, key) map->remove(map, (void *)key)
 | 
			
		||||
#define Existe(map, key) map->exists(map, (void *)key)
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
void TestHash() {
 | 
			
		||||
    HashMap map = createHashMap(NULL, NULL);
 | 
			
		||||
    Put(map, "000123", "Annie");
 | 
			
		||||
    Put(map, "000245", "Bob");
 | 
			
		||||
    Put(map, "000284", "Daniel");
 | 
			
		||||
    Put(map, "000281", "Luna");
 | 
			
		||||
    Put(map, "000587", "Yao");
 | 
			
		||||
    Put(map, "000985", "Li Ming");
 | 
			
		||||
    Put(map, "000852", "Janne");
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
    printf("print the key-values in hashmap:\n");
 | 
			
		||||
    HashMapIterator iterator = createHashMapIterator(map);
 | 
			
		||||
    while (hasNextHashMapIterator(iterator)) {
 | 
			
		||||
        iterator = nextHashMapIterator(iterator);
 | 
			
		||||
        printf("{ key: %s, key: %s, hashcode: %d }\n",
 | 
			
		||||
            (char *)iterator->entry->key, (char *)iterator->entry->value, iterator->hashCode);
 | 
			
		||||
    }
 | 
			
		||||
    printf("key: 000852, exists: %s\n", Existe(map, "000852") ? "true" : "false");
 | 
			
		||||
    printf("000852: %s\n", Get(map, "000852"));
 | 
			
		||||
    printf("remove 000852 %s\n", Remove(map, "000852") ? "true" : "false");
 | 
			
		||||
    printf("key: 000852, exists: %s\n", Existe(map, "000852") ? "true" : "false");
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
    map->clear(map);
 | 
			
		||||
    freeHashMapIterator(&iterator);
 | 
			
		||||
}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
PRIV_SHELL_CMD_FUNCTION(TestHash, Implement hash_map, PRIV_SHELL_CMD_MAIN_ATTR);
 | 
			
		||||
| 
						 | 
				
			
			@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
 | 
			
		|||
 | 
			
		||||
/**
 | 
			
		||||
* @file:    test_hash.h
 | 
			
		||||
* @brief:   a application of test hash function
 | 
			
		||||
* @version: 3.0
 | 
			
		||||
* @author:  Yao wenying
 | 
			
		||||
* @date:    2023/05/26
 | 
			
		||||
*/
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
#ifndef __HASHMAP_H__
 | 
			
		||||
#define __HASHMAP_H__
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
#include<stdlib.h>
 | 
			
		||||
#include<string.h>
 | 
			
		||||
#include<stdio.h>
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 实现数据的基本类型
 | 
			
		||||
// 字符串类型
 | 
			
		||||
#define string char *
 | 
			
		||||
#define newString(str) strcpy((char *)malloc(strlen(str) + 1), str)
 | 
			
		||||
#define NEW(type) (type *)malloc(sizeof(type))
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 布尔类型
 | 
			
		||||
enum _Boolean { True = 1, False = 0 };
 | 
			
		||||
typedef enum _Boolean  Boolean;
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
#define let void *
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
typedef struct entry {
 | 
			
		||||
	let key;				// 键
 | 
			
		||||
	let value;				// 值
 | 
			
		||||
	struct entry * next;	// 冲突链表
 | 
			
		||||
}*Entry;
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
#define newEntry() NEW(struct entry)
 | 
			
		||||
#define newEntryList(length) (Entry)malloc(length * sizeof(struct entry))
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 哈希结构
 | 
			
		||||
typedef struct hashMap *HashMap;
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
#define newHashMap() NEW(struct hashMap)
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 哈希函数类型
 | 
			
		||||
typedef int(*HashCode)(HashMap, let key);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 判等函数类型
 | 
			
		||||
typedef Boolean(*Equal)(let key1, let key2);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 添加键函数类型
 | 
			
		||||
typedef void(*Put)(HashMap hashMap, let key, let value);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 获取键对应值的函数类型
 | 
			
		||||
typedef let(*Get)(HashMap hashMap, let key);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 删除键的函数类型
 | 
			
		||||
typedef let(*Remove)(HashMap hashMap, let key);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 清空Map的函数类型
 | 
			
		||||
typedef void(*Clear)(HashMap hashMap);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 判断键值是否存在的函数类型
 | 
			
		||||
typedef Boolean(*Exists)(HashMap hashMap, let key);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
typedef struct hashMap {
 | 
			
		||||
	int size;			// 当前大小
 | 
			
		||||
	int listSize;		// 有效空间大小
 | 
			
		||||
	HashCode hashCode;	// 哈希函数
 | 
			
		||||
	Equal equal;		// 判等函数
 | 
			
		||||
	Entry list;			// 存储区域
 | 
			
		||||
	Put put;			// 添加键的函数
 | 
			
		||||
	Get get;			// 获取键对应值的函数
 | 
			
		||||
	Remove remove;		// 删除键
 | 
			
		||||
	Clear clear;		// 清空Map
 | 
			
		||||
	Exists exists;		// 判断键是否存在
 | 
			
		||||
	Boolean autoAssign;	// 设定是否根据当前数据量动态调整内存大小,默认开启
 | 
			
		||||
}*HashMap;
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 迭代器结构
 | 
			
		||||
typedef struct hashMapIterator {
 | 
			
		||||
	Entry entry;	// 迭代器当前指向
 | 
			
		||||
	int count;		// 迭代次数
 | 
			
		||||
	int hashCode;	// 键值对的哈希值
 | 
			
		||||
	HashMap hashMap;
 | 
			
		||||
}*HashMapIterator;
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
#define newHashMapIterator() NEW(struct hashMapIterator)
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 默认哈希函数
 | 
			
		||||
static int defaultHashCode(HashMap hashMap, let key);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 默认判断键值是否相等
 | 
			
		||||
static Boolean defaultEqual(let key1, let key2);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 默认添加键值对
 | 
			
		||||
static void defaultPut(HashMap hashMap, let key, let value);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 默认获取键对应值
 | 
			
		||||
static let defaultGet(HashMap hashMap, let key);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 默认删除键
 | 
			
		||||
static let defaultRemove(HashMap hashMap, let key);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 默认判断键是否存在
 | 
			
		||||
static Boolean defaultExists(HashMap hashMap, let key);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 默认清空Map
 | 
			
		||||
static void defaultClear(HashMap hashMap);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 重新构建
 | 
			
		||||
static void resetHashMap(HashMap hashMap, int listSize);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 创建一个哈希结构
 | 
			
		||||
HashMap createHashMap(HashCode hashCode, Equal equal);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 创建哈希结构迭代器
 | 
			
		||||
HashMapIterator createHashMapIterator(HashMap hashMap);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 迭代器是否有下一个
 | 
			
		||||
Boolean hasNextHashMapIterator(HashMapIterator iterator);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 迭代到下一次
 | 
			
		||||
HashMapIterator nextHashMapIterator(HashMapIterator iterator);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
// 释放迭代器内存
 | 
			
		||||
void freeHashMapIterator(HashMapIterator * iterator);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
#endif // !__HASHMAP_H__
 | 
			
		||||
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		Reference in New Issue